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Seventeenth Century Siberia As a Land of Opportunity: Social Mobility Among the Russian Pioneers
ETHNOLOGY DOI: 10.17746/1563-0110.2018.46.3.129-137 A.A. Lyutsidarskaya and N.A. Berezikov Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Seventeenth Century Siberia as a Land of Opportunity: Social Mobility Among the Russian Pioneers On the basis of individual biographies, we explore the social mobility patterns among the Russian colonists of Siberia (members of Russia’s service class) in the 1600s, with reference to theories relating to the sociology of labor and social stratifi cation. We show how peasants, hunters, fi shermen, and freedmen were co-opted into the service class, and how their social status changed at all levels—horizontal, vertical, geographical, individual, group, intergenerational, and within-generational. Occupation, skills, and income were important factors affecting social mobility. For nearly all categories of migrants, the most common tendency was migration of entire families, though younger single migrants were more likely to move over longer distances. In Siberia, where social regulation norms copied those of the metropolis, upward social mobility occurred nearly exclusively within institutions. Social service provided maximal opportunity for the individual’s promotion and for the current and future status of his relatives. This was an effi cient mechanism for securing high mobility in Siberian society. By the early 1700s, the degree of mobility had decreased, downward -
Russian Museums Visit More Than 80 Million Visitors, 1/3 of Who Are Visitors Under 18
Moscow 4 There are more than 3000 museums (and about 72 000 museum workers) in Russian Moscow region 92 Federation, not including school and company museums. Every year Russian museums visit more than 80 million visitors, 1/3 of who are visitors under 18 There are about 650 individual and institutional members in ICOM Russia. During two last St. Petersburg 117 years ICOM Russia membership was rapidly increasing more than 20% (or about 100 new members) a year Northwestern region 160 You will find the information aboutICOM Russia members in this book. All members (individual and institutional) are divided in two big groups – Museums which are institutional members of ICOM or are represented by individual members and Organizations. All the museums in this book are distributed by regional principle. Organizations are structured in profile groups Central region 192 Volga river region 224 Many thanks to all the museums who offered their help and assistance in the making of this collection South of Russia 258 Special thanks to Urals 270 Museum creation and consulting Culture heritage security in Russia with 3M(tm)Novec(tm)1230 Siberia and Far East 284 © ICOM Russia, 2012 Organizations 322 © K. Novokhatko, A. Gnedovsky, N. Kazantseva, O. Guzewska – compiling, translation, editing, 2012 [email protected] www.icom.org.ru © Leo Tolstoy museum-estate “Yasnaya Polyana”, design, 2012 Moscow MOSCOW A. N. SCRiAbiN MEMORiAl Capital of Russia. Major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation center of Russia and the continent MUSEUM Highlights: First reference to Moscow dates from 1147 when Moscow was already a pretty big town. -
Subject of the Russian Federation)
How to use the Atlas The Atlas has two map sections The Main Section shows the location of Russia’s intact forest landscapes. The Thematic Section shows their tree species composition in two different ways. The legend is placed at the beginning of each set of maps. If you are looking for an area near a town or village Go to the Index on page 153 and find the alphabetical list of settlements by English name. The Cyrillic name is also given along with the map page number and coordinates (latitude and longitude) where it can be found. Capitals of regions and districts (raiony) are listed along with many other settlements, but only in the vicinity of intact forest landscapes. The reader should not expect to see a city like Moscow listed. Villages that are insufficiently known or very small are not listed and appear on the map only as nameless dots. If you are looking for an administrative region Go to the Index on page 185 and find the list of administrative regions. The numbers refer to the map on the inside back cover. Having found the region on this map, the reader will know which index map to use to search further. If you are looking for the big picture Go to the overview map on page 35. This map shows all of Russia’s Intact Forest Landscapes, along with the borders and Roman numerals of the five index maps. If you are looking for a certain part of Russia Find the appropriate index map. These show the borders of the detailed maps for different parts of the country. -
Winter in the Urals 7 Mountain Ski Resort “Stozhok” Mountain Ski Resort “Stozhok” Is a Quiet and Comfortable Place for Winter Holidays
WinterIN THE URALS The Government of Sverdlovsk Region mountain ski resorts The Ministry of Investment and Development of Sverdlovsk Region ecotourism “Tourism Development Centre of Sverdlovsk Region” 13, 8 Marta Str., entrance 3, 2nd fl oor Ekaterinburg, 620014 active tourism phone +7 (343) 350-05-25 leisure base wellness winter fi shing gotoural.соm ice rinks ski resort FREE TABLE OF CONTENTS MOUNTAIN SKI RESORTS 6-21 GORA BELAYA 6-7 STOZHOK 8 ISET 9 GORA VOLCHIHA 10-11 GORA PYLNAYA 12 GORA TYEPLAYA 13 GORA DOLGAYA 14-15 GORA LISTVENNAYA 16 SPORTCOMPLEX “UKTUS” 17 GORA YEZHOVAYA 18-19 GORA VORONINA 20 FLUS 21 ACTIVE TOURISM 22-23 ECOTOURISM 24-27 ACTIVE LEISURE 28-33 LEISURE BASE 34-35 WELLNESS 36-37 WINTER FISHING 38-39 NEW YEAR’S FESTIVITIES 40-41 ICE RINKS, SKI RESORT 42-43 WINTER EVENT CALENDAR 44-46 LEGEND address chair lift GPS coordinates surface lift website trail for mountain skis phone trail for running skis snowtubing MAP OF TOURIST SITES Losva 1 Severouralsk Khanty-Mansi Sosnovka Autonomous Okrug Krasnoturyinsk Karpinsk 18 Borovoy 31 Serov Kytlym Gari 2 Pavda Sosva Andryushino Tavda Novoselovo Verkhoturye Alexandrovskaya Raskat Kachkanar Tura Iksa 3 Verhnyaya Tura Tabory Perm Region Niznyaya Tura Kumaryinskoe Basyanovskiy Kushva Tagil Niznyaya Salda Turinsk 27 29 Verkhnyaya Salda Nitza 4 Nizhny Tagil 26 1 Niznyaya Sinyachikha Chernoistochinsk Visimo-Utkinsk Alapaevsk 7 Verkhnie Tavolgi Irbit Turinskaya Sloboda Ust-Utka Chusovaya Visim Aramashevo Artemovskiy Verkhniy Tagil Nevyansk Rezh 10 25 Chusovoe 2 Shalya 23 Novouralsk -