Lionel Messi : “I Have Touched Egypt’S Greatness”
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Rethinking U.S. Economic Aid to Egypt
Rethinking U.S. Economic Aid to Egypt Amy Hawthorne OCTOBER 2016 RETHINKING U.S. ECONOMIC AID TO EGYPT Amy Hawthorne OCTOBER 2016 © 2016 Project on Middle East Democracy. All rights reserved. The Project on Middle East Democracy (POMED) is a nonpartisan, nonprofit, Washington, D.C. based 501(c)(3) organization. The views represented here do not necessarily reflect the views of POMED, its staff, or its Board members. Limited print copies are also available. Project on Middle East Democracy 1730 Rhode Island Avenue NW, Suite 617 Washington DC 20036 www.pomed.org CONTENTS I. Introduction. 2 II. Background . .4 III. The Bilateral Economic Aid Program: Understanding the Basics. 16 IV. Why Has U.S. Economic Aid Not Had A Greater Positive Impact? . 18 V. The Way Forward . 29 VI. Conclusion . 34 PROJECT ON MIDDLE EAST DEMOCRACY 1 RETHINKING U.S. ECONOMIC AID TO EGYPT I. INTRODUCTION Among the many challenges facing the next U.S. administration in the Middle East will be to forge an effective approach toward Egypt. The years following the 2011 popular uprising that overthrew longtime U.S. ally President Hosni Mubarak have witnessed significant friction with Egypt over issues ranging from democracy and human rights, to how each country defines terrorism (Egypt’s definition encompasses peaceful political activity as well as violent actions), to post-Qaddafi Libya, widening a rift between the two countries that began at least a decade ago. Unless the policies of the current Egyptian government shift, the United States can only seek to manage, not repair, this rift. The next U.S. -
To Whom Do Minbars Belong Today?
Besieging Freedom of Thought: Defamation of religion cases in two years of the revolution The turbaned State An Analysis of the Official Policies on the Administration of Mosques and Islamic Religious Activities in Egypt The report is issued by: Civil Liberties Unite August 2014 Designed by: Mohamed Gaber Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights 14 Al Saraya Al Kobra St. First floor, flat number 4, Garden City, Cairo, Telephone & fax: +(202) 27960197 - 27960158 www.eipr.org - [email protected] All printing and publication rights reserved. This report may be redistributed with attribution for non-profit pur- poses under Creative Commons license. www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0 Amr Ezzat: Researcher & Officer - Freedom of Religion and Belief Program Islam Barakat and Ibrahim al-Sharqawi helped to compile the material for this study. The Turbaned State: An Analysis of the Official Policies on the Administration of Mosques and Islamic Religious Activities in Egypt Summary: Policies Regulating Mosques: Between the Assumption of Unity and the Reality of Diversity Along with the rapid political and social transformations which have taken place since January 2011, religion in Egypt has been a subject of much contention. This controversy has included questions of who should be allowed to administer mosques, speak in them, and use their space. This study observes the roots of the struggle over the right to administer mosques in Islamic jurisprudence and historical practice as well as their modern implications. The study then moves on to focus on the developments that have taken place in the last three years. The study describes the analytical framework of the policies of the Egyptian state regarding the administration of mosques, based on three assumptions which serve as the basis for these policies. -
Egypt : a Path Forward for Future Prosperity
The Egyptian Cabinet Information and Decision of Ministers Support Center (IDSC) Egypt : A path Forward for Future Prosperity March 2020 The Egyptian Cabinet Information and Decision Support Center (IDSC); is the leading governmental Egyptian think tank which is entitled with the responsibility of conducting high quality policy research through using and disseminating information to support the decision-making process in Egypt. IDSC has a diversified working agenda which tackles several economic, social and political issues related to the development process. IDSC relies on highly qualified staff and experts, with distinguished academic backgrounds who are able – at the same time – to creatively think ahead for realizing prosperity all over Egypt. www.idsc.gov.eg In view of Egypt’s ultimate goal of upgrading the quality of life of Egyptians, the Government of Egypt (GOE) has embarked on a very comprehensive economic reform program, and has undertaken very bold measures towards a more stable resilient economy. In this context, Egypt has succeeded in creating an enabling environment for inclusive growth and sustainable development, where economic fundamentals are stabilizing with reduction in fiscal deficit, curbing in the rate of inflation, and increasing the growth rate of output , together with strengthening the local currency, this is met with increased confidence from domestic and international investors, which makes Egypt the promise land for businessmen to come and invest. While implementing its comprehensive reform program, citizens are always the government’s first concern, that’s why the government was keen on reducing the negative impact of this program especially on the most vulnerable. In this regard providing social safety nets was considered as a crucial component of Egypt’s economic reform. -
Egypt Weekly Newsletter November 2014, 2Nd Quarter
EGYPT WEEKLY NEWSLETTER November, 2014 (2nd QUARTER) CONTENT 1. Political Overview………..........01 2. Economic Overview……..….…..02 3. Finance..…………………………..….05 4. IT & Telecom………………………..05 5. Energy……………………………….… 06+ 6. Agriculture.…..……..………………07 7. Building Materials……..…………08 8. Real Estate.…………..……..……...08 9. Laws & Regulations…..…………. 08 10. Hot Issue……………………….……09 Compiled by Thai Trade Center, Cairo POLITICAL OVERVIEW Parliamentary polls to be held before end of March, says El-Sisi Source: Egypt Impendent, November 13, 2014 Egypt's president Abdel-Fattah El-Sisi said in a meeting with a delegation of American businesspeople on Monday that Egyptian parliamentary elections will take place before the end of March 2015. The statement is the closest estimate given by an official regarding the date of the polls, which has been shrouded in mystery for quite some time. A statement by presidential spokesman Alaa Youssef said El-Sisi mentioned that the third objective of Egypt's transitional roadmap, following a new constitution and presidential elections, "will be achieved before the International Economic Summit which Egypt will host in the first quarter of 2015." The delay of a date for elections was criticised by politicians and observers who have argued the delay is unconstitutional; Egypt's January 2014 constitution says electoral procedures for parliamentary elections must commence after 6 months following the constitution’s ratification. The meeting included representatives from the Egypt-US Business Council and the American Chamber of Commerce in Egypt. Egypt Prime Minister Ibrahim Mahlab attended the meeting along with many members of cabinet including the industry and trade, planning, investment, electricity and renewable energy and petroleum ministries. -
Egyptian Foreign Policy (Special Reference After the 25Th of January Revolution)
UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS POLÍTICAS Y SOCIOLOGÍA DEPARTAMENTO DE DERECHO INTERNACIONAL PÚBLICO Y RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES TESIS DOCTORAL Egyptian foreign policy (special reference after The 25th of January Revolution) MEMORIA PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE DOCTORA PRESENTADA POR Rania Ahmed Hemaid DIRECTOR Najib Abu-Warda Madrid, 2018 © Rania Ahmed Hemaid, 2017 UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID Facultad de Ciencias Políticas Y Socioligía Departamento de Derecho Internacional Público y Relaciones Internacionales Doctoral Program Political Sciences PHD dissertation Egyptian Foreign Policy (Special Reference after The 25th of January Revolution) POLÍTICA EXTERIOR EGIPCIA (ESPECIAL REFERENCIA DESPUÉS DE LA REVOLUCIÓN DEL 25 DE ENERO) Elaborated by Rania Ahmed Hemaid Under the Supervision of Prof. Dr. Najib Abu- Warda Professor of International Relations in the Faculty of Information Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid Madrid, 2017 Ph.D. Dissertation Presented to the Complutense University of Madrid for obtaining the doctoral degree in Political Science by Ms. Rania Ahmed Hemaid, under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Najib Abu- Warda Professor of International Relations, Faculty of Information Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid. University: Complutense University of Madrid. Department: International Public Law and International Relations (International Studies). Program: Doctorate in Political Science. Director: Prof. Dr. Najib Abu- Warda. Academic Year: 2017 Madrid, 2017 DEDICATION Dedication To my dearest parents may god rest their souls in peace and to my only family my sister whom without her support and love I would not have conducted this piece of work ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Acknowledgments I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my advisor Prof. Dr. Najib Abu- Warda for the continuous support of my Ph.D. -
“Jesters Do Oft Prove Prophets” William Shakespeare King Lear (Act 5, Scene 3)
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION “Jesters do oft prove prophets” William Shakespeare King Lear (Act 5, Scene 3) During Medieval times, kings kept jesters for amusement and telling jokes. Jesters played the role of both entertainers and advisers, sarcastically mocking reality to entertain and amuse. The jester’s unique position in the court allowed him to tell the king the truth upfront that no one else dared to speak, under the cover of telling it as a jest (Glenn, 2011). In this sense, contemporary political satire has given birth to many modern-day jesters, one of the most famous worldwide being Jon Stewart, and on a more local scale but also gaining widespread popularity, Bassem Youssef. Political satire is a global genre. It dates back to the 1960s, originating in Britain, and has now become transnational, with cross-cultural flows of the format popular and flourishing across various countries (Baym & Jones, 2012). The Daily Show with Jon Stewart and The Colbert Report are examples of popular political satire shows in the United States. Both shows have won Emmy awards and Jon Stewart was named one of Time magazine’s 100 most influential people in the world. Research on political satire shows that it does not have unified effects on its audiences. Different types of satire lead to distinct influences on viewers (Baumgartner & Morris, 2006; Baumgartner & Morris, 2008; Holbert et al, 2013; Lee, 2013). Moreover, viewers of different comedy shows are not homogeneous in nature. The Daily Show's audience was found to be more politically interested and knowledgeable than Leno and Letterman viewers (Young & Tisinger, 2006). -
FICHA PAÍS Egipto República Árabe De Egipto
OFICINA DE INFORMACIÓN DIPLOMÁTICA FICHA PAÍS Egipto República Árabe de Egipto La Oficina de Información Diplomática del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Unión Europea y Cooperación pone a disposición de los profesionales de los medios de comunicación y del público en general la presente ficha país. La información contenida en esta ficha país es pública y se ha extraído de diversos medios, no defendiendo posición política alguna ni de este Ministerio ni del Gobierno de España respecto del país sobre el que versa. JULIO 2020 Religión: La religión oficial de Egipto es el Islam. La mayoría de la población Egipto es musulmana sunní (82 - 93%). La minoría más numerosa es la de los cristianos coptos ortodoxos (en torno al 17%). Forma de Estado: La constitución egipcia entró en vigor el 18 de enero de 2014, tras el referéndum del mismo mes. Establece una República semi- presidencialista y unicameral. Tras la reforma constitucional de abril 2019 se Mar Mediterráneo recupera la Cámara alta, el Senado. El mandato del presidente es de cuatro años, con posibilidad de reelección. El parlamento tiene un mandato de cin- Damietta Alexandria Port Said co años y es escogido mediante un sistema mixto de distritos uninominales y LIBIA ISRAEL listas de partidos, con salvaguardas constitucionales para la representación JORDANIA EL CAIRO Suez de mujeres, jóvenes, campesinos y coptos. Siwa Bahariya El órgano supremo judicial es el Tribunal Supremo Constitucional, con fun- Golfo ciones de revisión constitucional pero no de última instancia, que asume el de Golfo Suez de ARABIA Tribunal de Casación. Aqaba SAUDI División administrativa: Egipto mantiene cinco niveles administrativos: go- bernaciones, regiones administrativas, ciudades, distritos urbanos y muni- Al Habalsah cipalidades rurales. -
Egypt and Ethiopia.Pdf
Egypt and Ethiopia The history of Egyptian-Ethiopian relations dates back to the Ancient Egypt eras, which were not only political but religious and cultural relations as well. The Religious relations between the two countries began in the 4th century AD since the Ethiopian Church was associated with the Egyptian Church, while the signs of concord were the affiliation of the Ethiopian Church to one faith and one Bishop, who is Egyptian, where all Ethiopian clerics are attached to him functionally and ideologically. There was mutual respect between the Emperor and the Egyptian Bishop. The current distinguished cooperation between Egypt and Ethiopia in the water issue, which is considered a national security issue, proved to the whole world that Cairo and Addis Ababa are brothers and the positive cooperation in this issue will be based on this historical depth in the relations between the two countries. This comes in the framework of the development and change taking place in Ethiopia, which necessitates the continuation of channels of communication and open dialogue between the two countries to facilitate the common vision of bilateral relations, as well as the issues related to the management of the Renaissance Dam file, the full implementation of the agreements concluded and strengthening the Egyptian-Ethiopian relations in all fields to meet the aspirations of the peoples of the two countries.. We review in the following lines two sections; the first section dealing with the central aspects of the relations between the two countries, while the second one monitors their development in the political, economic, religious and educational aspects. -
The Executive Survey General Information and Guidelines
The Executive Survey General Information and Guidelines Dear Country Expert, In this section, we distinguish between the head of state (HOS) and the head of government (HOG). • The Head of State (HOS) is an individual or collective body that serves as the chief public representative of the country; his or her function could be purely ceremonial. • The Head of Government (HOG) is the chief officer(s) of the executive branch of government; the HOG may also be HOS, in which case the executive survey only pertains to the HOS. • The executive survey applies to the person who effectively holds these positions in practice. • The HOS/HOG pair will always include the effective ruler of the country, even if for a period this is the commander of foreign occupying forces. • The HOS and/or HOG must rule over a significant part of the country’s territory. • The HOS and/or HOG must be a resident of the country — governments in exile are not listed. • By implication, if you are considering a semi-sovereign territory, such as a colony or an annexed territory, the HOS and/or HOG will be a person located in the territory in question, not in the capital of the colonizing/annexing country. • Only HOSs and/or HOGs who stay in power for 100 consecutive days or more will be included in the surveys. • A country may go without a HOG but there will be no period listed with only a HOG and no HOS. • If a HOG also becomes HOS (interim or full), s/he is moved to the HOS list and removed from the HOG list for the duration of their tenure. -
English.Ahram.Org.Eg Wealth
EYE ON SCIENCE Bibliotheca Alexandrina Planetarium Science Center WINTER 2016 | Year 9, Issue 1 THE PEOPLE OF SCIENCE: THE SCIENCE OF THE ARABS IN THIS ISSUE... Planetarium First Arab Mars Probe is Science Center 4 the New “Hope” 5 Essam Heggy: A profile WINTER 2016 Al-Qarawiyyin: Year 9, Issue 1 6 The Oldest University in the Islamic World Cultural Outreach Sector THE SCIENCE OF THE “Brain Drain” Threatens Educational & Promotional 7 the Future of Arab Publications Unit (COPU) Science Human Flight: Maissa Azab 8 Adventures and ARABS: Head of Unit Misadventures Legacies of the Past; Challenges of the Present By: Maissa Azab Editorial Team Arab Science Fiction Shahenda Ayman 10 Esraa Ali “The intellectual and practical activity encompassing the Before Newton, there systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical Lamia Ghoneim 11 was Alhazen and natural world through observation and experiment”; this is Jailane Salem the dictionary definition of the word Science. Science is indeed an Moataz Abdelmegid Top Ten Influential Arab activity; an activity conducted by humans; an instinctive activity Sherine Ramadan 12 Scientists: Then and Now that aims at understanding, unraveling, imitating, improving, Nourane Khaled becoming better, becoming stronger, and so on. The Science of Egypt: Science is thus part of human nature; a human nature that Design 14 Two Academics’ marvels at nature. Nonetheless, not all humans are the same; Asma Haggag Journeys not all of them are driven or capable of dedicating themselves to observation, contemplation, investigation, experimentation, and Communication Guru thus revelation. Only some do; a very special some. Publishing Department 16 Hatim Zaghloul That is why we dedicate the issues of SCIplanet 2016 to Language Revision the “People of Science”. -
India-Egypt Bilateral Relations
India-Egypt Bilateral Relations India and Egypt, two of the world’s oldest civilizations, have enjoyed a history of close contact since ancient times. Ashoka’s edicts refer to his relations with Egypt under Ptolemy-II. In modern times, Mahatma Gandhi and Saad Zaghloul shared common goals on the independence of their countries, a relationship that was to blossom into an exceptionally close friendship between Gamal Abdel Nasser and Jawaharlal Nehru, leading to a Friendship Treaty between the two countries in 1955. Political Relations India and Egypt share close political understanding based on long history of contacts and cooperation on bilateral, regional and global issues. The joint announcement of establishment of diplomatic relations at Ambassadorial level was made on 18 August 1947. Both countries have cooperated on multilateral fora and were the founding members of Non-Aligned Movement. There is a new momentum in our relations and a shared desire to take it to a higher level. After the new government led by President Sisi took over in June 2014, EAM Smt Sushma Swaraj paid a visit to Cairo in August 2015 and met President Sisi, Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry (and also met the Secretary General of League of Arab States. Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi met President Sisi on the sidelines of UNGA, New York in September 2015. President Mukherjee and Prime Minister Modi met President Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi during the 3rd India-Africa Forum Summit in New Delhi in October 2015. President Sisi paid a State visit to India in September 2016 accompanied by Mr. Sameh Shoukry, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. -
List of Delegations to the Seventieth Session of the General Assembly
UNITED NATIONS ST /SG/SER.C/L.624 _____________________________________________________________________________ Secretariat Distr.: Limited 18 December 2015 PROTOCOL AND LIAISON SERVICE LIST OF DELEGATIONS TO THE SEVENTIETH SESSION OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY I. MEMBER STATES Page Page Afghanistan......................................................................... 5 Chile ................................................................................. 47 Albania ............................................................................... 6 China ................................................................................ 49 Algeria ................................................................................ 7 Colombia .......................................................................... 50 Andorra ............................................................................... 8 Comoros ........................................................................... 51 Angola ................................................................................ 9 Congo ............................................................................... 52 Antigua and Barbuda ........................................................ 11 Costa Rica ........................................................................ 53 Argentina .......................................................................... 12 Côte d’Ivoire .................................................................... 54 Armenia ...........................................................................