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Travels in the Coastlands of British East Africa and the Islands of Zanzibar and Pemba; Their Agricultural Resources and General Characteristics

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Travels in the Coastlands of British East Africa and the Islands of Zanzibar and Pemba; Their Agricultural Resources and General Characteristics Travels in the coastlands of British East Africa and the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba; their agricultural resources and general characteristics http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.CH.DOCUMENT.sip100027 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. Permission must be sought from Aluka and/or the applicable copyright holder in connection with any duplication or distribution of these materials where required by applicable law. Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org Travels in the coastlands of British East Africa and the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba; their agricultural resources and general characteristics Author/Creator Fitz-Gerald, William Walter Augustine Date 1898 Resource type Books Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) Northern Swahili Coast, Tanzania, United Republic of, Kilwa Kisiwani Source Smithsonian Institution Libraries, DT425 .F554 1970 Rights By kind permission of Pickering & Chatto. Description Part I: The Mainland. Introduction: The caost land of British East Africa. Chapter I: Arrival in Africa journey to the Magarini Shambas. Chapter II: Life at Magarini. Chapter III: First experiences on an East African Shamba. Chapter IV: Gongoni, Ras N'Gomani,a nd the orchella weed district of Mareni. Chapter V: Jelori the Giryama Tribe. Chapter VI: The south side othe Sabaki River. Chapter VII: Makongeni to Takaungu via Fuladoyo. The Giryama Country. Chapter VIII: Takaungu roka M'shak in the Indiarubber District. Chapter IX: Gum copal treet Aroboko to Mlindi searching for a Slacve Caravan. Chapter X: A threatened raid my expeditions to No. 2 Stockade. Chapter XI: At No. 2 stockade on the Saraki River. Chapter XII: Suggestions for the developement of the coast lands and Sabaki District pack. Chapter XIII: Magarini journey to Mombasa,via Roka and Konjora. Chapter XIV: Shambia life journey to Mombosa and back. Chapter XV: Lake Krawa. Chapter XVI: Journey from Mombrui to the Tana River via Gongoni, Marereni and Lake Krawa. Chapter XVII: The Tana River and country. Chapter XVIII: Golbanti to Witu. Chapter XIX: The Witu district. Witu to Kipini. Chapter XX: Kipini to Lamu Patta Island. Chapter XXI: From Patta Isalnd to Lamu and Mombosa. Chapter XXII: Expedition to Port Durnford. Chapter XXIII: Journey to Port Durford, continued start for http://www.aluka.org the interior. Chapter XXIV: Search for the Forest. Chapter XXV: Second attempt to reach the forest. Part II: Zanzibar and Pemba. Chapter I: General descriptionand climatology of Zanzibar. Chapter II. Chueni Kokotoni and surrounding country. Chapter III: Kokotoni to Dunga. Chapter IV: The Wahadinu Country return to Zanzibar. Chapter V: Cultivation and agriculture in Zanzibar. Chapter VI: Clove cultivation in Zanzibar. Chapter VII: Other products of Zanzibar. Chapter VIII: New products suitable for cultivation in Zanzibar. Chapter IX: Tour in Pemba Island. Chapter X: Tour in Pemba Island continued. Chapter XI: Agricuture in Pemba Island. Format extent 753 pages (length/size) http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.CH.DOCUMENT.sip100027 http://www.aluka.org THE COLONIAL HISTORY SERIES No. 81 General Editor D. H. Simpson Librarian of the Royal Commonwealth Society TRAVELS IN BRITISH EAST AFRICA COLONIAL HISTORY SERIES This series of reprints aims at presenting a wide variety of books: their link is that they all deal with some aspect of the relations between European powers and other parts of the world-including such topics as exploration, trade, settlement and administration. Historical studies, and books which furnish the raw material of history, will find a place, and publications will not be restricted to works in English. Many titles reprinted will have new introductions by eminent authorities on the subject. ( Fron tis iece. TRAVELS IN THE COASTLANDS OF BRITISH EAST AFRICA AND THE ISLANDS OF ZANZIBAR AND PEMBA THEIR AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES AND GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS ,Y WILLIAM WALTER AUGUSTINE FITZGERALD FIELLOW ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY, FELLOV ROYAL COLONIAL INSTIT-UTE IVITH MAPS, ILLUSTRATIONS, AND AI'PENDICES AUG 1518 1970 DAWSONS OF PALL-MALL Folkestone and London First published in London 1898 by Chapman & Hall Ltd. Reprinted 1970 Dawsons of Pall Mall Cannon House Folkestone, Kent, England SBN: 7129 0445 X Printed in Great Britain by Photolithography Unwin Brothers Limited Woking and London SIR JOHN KIRK, G.C.M.G , GOLD MEDALLIST OF THE ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY, 1882, LATE H. M. CONSUL-GENERAL AT ZANZIBAR, BRITISH PLENIPOTENTIARY, INTERNATIONAL SLAVERY CONFERENCEK, 1889, MEMBER OF THE UGANDA RAILWAY COMMITTEE, WHO HAS DONE SO MUCH TO DEVELOP THE COMMERCIAL RESOURCES OF BRITISH EAST AFRICA BY THE DISCOVERV OF MANY USEFUL PLANTS AND PRODUCTS, AND WHOSE WRITINGS HAVE SUPPLIED MUCH VALUABLE INFORMATION FOR THIS WORK, WHICH OWES ITS EXISTENCE TO HIS ENCOURAGEMENT, THE FOLLOWING PAGES ARE, WITH VERY SINCERE REGARD, INSCRIBED. PREFACE THE following pages record the result of my two years' explorations of the British East African coastlands, while specially employed to report on their agricultural capabilities by the Directors of the late Imperial British East Africa Company. Since my return in I893, I have strongly desired to bring into public notice the great capabilities of this still comparatively unknown portion of our East African Empire. In the anxious search for new markets, caused by the Trade rivalry of the present day, the fact is not sufficiently realized that, along the 400 miles of seaboard within our sphere, there exists a wonderfully fertile country only awaiting the advent of English energy, capital, and enterprise for its development, and the exploitation of such products as Rubber, Cotton, Ivory, Copal, Jute, Fibres, Hides, Cereals, Oil-seeds, Copra, etc., while the forests contain many valuable woods. The climate varies from tropical on the Coastlands to bracing, frosty, and cold on the high inland plateaux. x PREFACE I have entered very fully into the matter of soils and commercial products, hoping this book will prove of real use for reference- to future settlers, whilst still affording some matter of interest to the general reader. England owes a debt of gratitude to the Imperial British East Africa Company, to whose pioneer work and efforts we owe the possession not only of this fertile country, but of Uganda itself, and whose advent brought "Light and Liberty" to the native and the slave. The portion dealing with Zanzibar and Pemba is an enlargement of my report 'On the Spice and other Cultivation of Zanzibar and Pemba Islands,' Foreign Office Miscellaneous Series, No. 266, 1892. My acknowledgments and thanks are due to H. M. Under Secretary of State for India, for kind permission to republish Mr. Robert Cross's ' Reports on the American Rubber Trees,' a permission rendered doubly valuable by the fact that they are now out of print. To the Controller of H. M. Stationery Office, and Mr. Thistleton Dyer, Director, Royal Gardens, Kew, for allowing the use of notes and extracts from the various Kew Bulletins, the number dealing with 'Bowstring Hemp' being also out of print. To Sir Arnold Kemball, K.C.S.I., K.C.B., the Chairman, and other Directors of the late Imperial British East Africa Company, for placing at my disposal many valuable documents and reports. PREFACE xi To Mr. P. L. McDermott, late Secretary of the same, for his help and assistance. To Mr. Ernest G. Ravenstein, F.R.M.S., Chairman of the British Association Committee on the Climatology of Africa, for the valuable meteorological and climatological returns courteously placed at my disposal. To the Rev. W. E. Taylor, C.M.S., Mombasa; Mr. John Christie, of Messrs. Ide and Christie; the editor of The Times, and others, for kind permission to use extracts. To Mr. E. Heawood, M.A., of the staff of the R.G.S., for his kind aid in revising this work for the press. My thanks are also due to Mr. E. A. Reeves, Assistant Map Curator, R.G.S., for his careful and excellent preparation of the maps from my bearings, sketches, and notes. W. W. A. FITZGERALD. January 1898. Carrigoran, Newmarkel-on-Ferg'ts, Co. Clare. CONTENTS PART I.-THE MAINLAND INTRODUCTION THE COAST-LANDS OF BRITISH EAST AFRICA PAGE General Appearance-Vegetation-Rivers and Harbours-Rain-fall -Prevailing Winds-Temperature-Relative Humidity-Population .......... ..................... CHAPTER I ARRIVAL IN AFRICA-JOURNEY TO THE MAGARINI SHAMBAS Landing at Mombasa-Scope of my Mission-Departure for Melindi -Interviews with the Liwalis of Melindi and Mombrui-Ground Cultivation, Coco- nuts-Start for Shambas-Sabaki RiverMombrui-First Night in a Slave Village- Native System of Agriculture-Labour Question-Cotton--The Wanika-Scarcity of Water Supply--The African Slave .... .......... 12 CHAPTER II LIFE AT MAGARINI Friendliness of the Liwalis-Nasur
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