DOCSLIB.ORG

SHORT COMMUNICATION 350 Acta Zoologica Lituanica, 2003, Volumen 13, Numerus 3 ISSN 1392-1657

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
SHORT COMMUNICATION 350 Acta Zoologica Lituanica, 2003, Volumen 13, Numerus 3 ISSN 1392-1657 SHORT COMMUNICATION 350 Acta Zoologica Lituanica, 2003, Volumen 13, Numerus 3 ISSN 1392-1657 A REAPPRAISAL OF SCUTELLONEMA PICEA GUBINA, 1973 (NEMATĄ: HOPLOLAIMIDAE FILIP'EV, 1934) INTO ROTYLENCHUS ROBUSTUS (DE MAN, 1876) FILIP'EV, 1936 AND THE CORRECTION OF THE LITHUANIAN LIST OF NEMATODES Andrius STANEL1S Lithuanian State Plant Protection Service, Pelesos 85, 2014 Vilnius, Lithuania. E-mail: [email protected] Gubina (1973) found Scutellonema picea in Juodkrantė nursery of forest trees and described them as a new spe- cies. She did not use a scanning electronic microscope. Šlepetienė (1986) pointed out this species as new for the Lithuanian list of nematodes, but her record is in- correct. Fortuner (1985, 1987) reviewed these nema- todes and determined that the Scutellonema picea Gubina, 1973 is the same species as Rotylenchus robustus (de Man, 1876) Filip'ev, 1936. The name Scutellonema picea is left as the synonym for Rotv- lenchus robustus. The hoplolaimids were first proposed as a separate taxon by Filip'ev, 1934 (Fortuner 1987). At that time, the nominal genus, Hoplolaimus, included some species that now belong to the criconematids. Filip'ev included a number of criconematid genera (Paratylenchus, Iota=Ogma, Criconema, Procriconema=Hemicyclio- phora) in the new subfamily Hoplolaiminae. After the arrangement of the criconematids as a sepa- rate subfamily by the nematologists (Taylor 1936; Thome 1949), the genera Hoplolaimus, Rotylenchus, and Helicotylenchus were left in the Hoplolaimidae, and they are still accepted today as the most typical representatives of the family. The Thorneian concept of hoplolaimids was accepted by all later authors. The contribution of the more re- cent classifications consisted mostly of the addition of newly described genera and the arrangement of recog- nized genera under various subfamilies. The increase in number of subfamilies (seven subfamilies for eleven valid genera) raised some doubts about the necessity of creating taxa of higher rank. The taxonomic posi- tion of some genera (Rotylenchus, Acontylus) is still unsettled. Scutellonema is close to Rotylenchus as it is seen from the size, general appearance and the arrangement of Figure I. Phasmides of nematodes: (a) Scutellonema cavanessi scutella, (b) pore-like Rotylenchus fallorobustus. the esophageal glands. There are some slight differ- Photo (a, b) is made by LM DIC system and photo (c) is ences between the two genera (Table 1). made by SEM. For example, Scutellonema has lateral field generally 351 A reappraisal of Scutellonema picea Gubina, 1973 Table I. Diagnosis of the genera Rotylenchus Filip'ev, 1936 and Scutellonema Andrassy, 1958 (after Fortuner 1987). Rotylenchus Scutellonema Female: Body spiral to C-shaped. Female: Body spiral to C-shapcd or almost straight. Labial region offset or continuous with body contours, Labial region narrow truncate to offset rounded; annulated, anteriorly rounded or flattened, generally annulated, with or with or without longitudinal striae. First labial annulus divided without longitudinal striae on basal lip annulus. into six sectors, lateral sectors smaller than the others (SEM). Amphid apertures oval between labial disc and lateral sectors. Lateral field with four lines, with or without scattered Lateral field with four lines usually areolated near phasmids transverse striae. and anteriorly, sometimes transverse striae scattered over whole field. Labial framework, stylet, and stylet knobs average sized for Labial framework, stylet and stylet knobs average sized for the family; knobs with rounded to indented anterior surface. the family; knobs rounded to indented. DGO often close to stylet (6 µm) but with a tendency to DGO 4-8 µrn from stylet base. posteriorly directed migration (up to 16 µm). Esophagcal glands overlap intestine dorsally and laterally; Esophageal gland overlap dorsal and lateral. dorsal gland more developed than subventral glands; intestine symmetrically arranged between the subventral glands. Two genital branches outstretched, equally developed; Two genital branches outstretched, equally developed. posterior branch rarely degenerated. Epiptygma single or double present. Epiptygma present. Tail short, hemispherical, rarely with small ventral projection; Tail short, rounded; phasmids enlarged (scutella) situated phasmids pore-like, small, near anus level. opposite each other, near anus level. Male: Caudal alae enveloping tail, not lobed. Male: Caudal alae enveloping tail tip, regular or rarely deeply lobed. Secondary sexual dimorphism not marked, sometimes No secondary sexual dimorphism. anterior part of male body slightly smaller than female. areolated at phasmids and anteriorly. However the pri- that Scutellonema picea Gubina, 1973 is the same spe- mary difference between the two genera is the size of cies as Rotylenchus robustus (de Man, 1876) Filip'ev, the phasmids enlarged to scutella in Scutellonema, and 1936. The name Scutellonema picea is left as the syn- pore-like phasmids in Rotylenchus. In this aspect, onym for Rotylenchus robustus. Scutellonema is intermediate between Rotylenchus with It happened after the review of the whole Hoplolaimi- pore-like, adanal phasmids and Hoplolaimus, where nae with other species in Rotylenchus genera. The list the migration of the scutella anteriorly to anus is often of those type species is presented below: accompanied by the evolution of other characters. It is impossible to identify Hoplolaiminae exactly with- Rotylenchus robustus (de Man, 1876) Filip'ev, 1936 out using SEM (scanning electronic microscope). A = Scutellonema picea Gubina, 1973 light microscope with Nemarski DIC system is used = Hoplolaimus uniformis Thorne, 1979 for the detection of pore-like or scutella structure in R. impar (Phillips, 1971) Germani, Baldwin, Bell & nematodes (Fig. 1). Gubina (1973) made a mistake when Wu, 1986 she found Scutellonema picea in Juodkrantė nursery of = Scutellonema impar Phillips, 1971 forest trees and described them as a new species. She R. incisicaudatus (Phillips, 1971) Germani, Baldwin, did not use a scanning electronic microscope. Šlepetienė Bell & Wu, 1986 (1986) pointed out this species as new for the Lithuanian = Scutellonema incisicaudatus Phillips, 1971 list of nematodes, but her record is incorrect. Fortuner R. indorobustus Jairajpuri & Baqri, 1973 (1985, 1987) reviewed these nematodes and determined = Scutellonema petersi Mahajan, 1977 352 Stanelis A. R. insularis (Phillips, 1971) Germani, Baldwin, Bell & Nickle, W.R. 1991. Manual of Agricultural Nematology. Wu, 1986 New York, USA: Marcel Dekker. = Scutellonema insulare Phillips, 1971 Siddiqi, M.R. 2000. Tylenchida: parasites of plants and R. leviflexus (Phillips, 1971) Germani, Baldwin, Bell insects. London, UK: CAB International. & Wu, 1986 Šlepetienė, J. 1986. The anthropogenic effect on soil and = Scutellonema leviflexus Phillips, 1971 plant nematodes. Vilnius: Mokslas. R. minutus (Sher, 1964) Germani, Baldwin, Bell & Wu, Taylor, A.L. 1936. The genera and species of the 1986 Criconematinae, a subfamily of the Anguillulinidae = Scutellonema minutum Sher, 1964 (Nematoda). Transactions of American Microscopy Society 55: 391- 421. The whole list of Rotylenchus contains 63 species Thome, G. 1949: On the classification of the Tylenchida, (Siddiqi 2000). R. robustus is widely distributed in new order (Nemata: Plasmidia). Proceedings of the Europe, Russia, Egypt, Zaire, India, Canada, USA, and Helminthological Society Washington 16: 37-73. Brazil. R. robustus is only one species from the Rotylenchus genus recorded in Lithuania (Šlepetienė 1986). It prefers light sandy soil and it parasitizes in PATAISYMAS LIETUVOS NEMATŲ SĄRAŠE: SCUTELLO- many grasses, ornamentals, vegetable crops, and for- NEMA PICEA GUBINA, 1973 (NEMATA: HOPLOLAI- est trees. This nematode is an ectoparasite of roots caus- MIDAE FILIP'EV, 1934) YRA ROTYLENCHUS ROBUS- ing reduced growth, yellowing, and yield reduction TUS (DE MAN, 1876) FILIP'EV, 1936 SINONIMAS (Nickle 1991). There are 49 species in the genus Scutellonema (Siddiqi A. Stanelis 2000). Almost all these species are distributed in trop- ics. Scutellonema species parasitizes in many grasses, SANTRAUKA ornamentals, vegetable crops, and forest trees. Pateikiami duomenys apie sunkiausiai morfologiškai identifikuojamas Scutellonema ir Rotylenchus nematų REFERENCES gentis iš Hoplolaiminae šeimos. V. Gubina Juodkrantėje aptiko nematą ir 1973 metais aprašė jį kaip naują rūšį Gubina,V.G. 1973. Scutellonema picea n. sp. (Nematoda: Scutellonema picea. Ši rūšis 1986 J. Šlepetienės buvo Hoplolaimidae) and a new variety of Paratylenchus įtraukta į Lietuvoje registruotų nematų sąrašą. R. For- nanus Cobb, 1923 (Nematoda: Tylenchidae) from roots tuner 1985 ir 1987 metais peržiūrėjo šiuos nematus ir and rhizosphcrc of conifer seedlings. Works of the nustatė, kad Scutellonema picea turi būti sinomizuotas helminthological laboratory 23: 52-55 (in Russian). su Rotylenchus robustus (Fortuner 1987). J. Šlepetienės Fortuner, R. 1985. Notes on nomenclature of plant nema- sudarytame nematų sąraše Rotylenchus robustus ir todes. Revue Nematology 8(1): 77-83. Scutellonema picea pateikiamos kaip atskiros rūšys. Fortuner, R. 1987. A reappraisal of Tylenchina (Nemata). The family Hoplolaimidae Filip'cv, 1934. Revue Received: 6 February 2003 Nemalology 10 (2): 219-232. Accepted: 25 September 2003 Kompiuteriu rinko ir korektūras skaitė B. Jankauskienė. Viršelis ir maketas G. Vaitonio. Vertė L. Monkienė, O. Stokys, A. Tamošiūnienė, R. Anusevičienė. 2003 09 25. Formatas 60x90/8.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Final Policy Review: Alternative Risk Management Measures to Import Lilium Spp
    International plant protection convention 14_EWGCutFlowers_2014_June Final policy review Lilium spp. Agenda Item: 4.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Final policy review: Alternative risk management measures to import Lilium spp. cut flowers from Taiwan December 2013 International plant protection convention 14_EWGCutFlowers_2014_June Final policy review Lilium spp. Agenda Item: 4.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- © Commonwealth of Australia Ownership of intellectual property rights Unless otherwise noted, copyright (and any other intellectual property rights, if any) in this publication is owned by the Commonwealth of Australia (referred to as the Commonwealth). Creative Commons licence All material in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia Licence, except for content supplied by third parties, photographic images, logos, and the Commonwealth Coat of Arms. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia Licence is a standard form licence agreement that allows you to copy, distribute, transmit and adapt this publication provided that you attribute the work. A summary of the licence terms is available from creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/deed.en.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 20(1) 1953
    VOLUME 20 JANUARY, 1953 NUMBER 1 PROCEEDINGS of ofThe Washington Helminthological Society A semi-annual journal. of research, devoted to Helminthology and all branches of Parasitology , Supported in part by the Brayton H. Ransom Memorial Trust Fund EDITORIAL COMMITTEE GILBERTEditor .FOTTO, . Johns Hopkins University AUREL 0. FOSTER LOUIS J. OLIVIER of Health es National Institut Industry Animal of u Burea . S.U ALBERT L. TAYLOR REINHARD EDWARD G. U. S. Bureau of . PlantIndustry, Catholic University of America Soils, and. Agricutural Engineering Subscription $3.00 a volume ; Foreign, $ 3.25 Published by THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON VOLUME 20 JANUARY 1953 Number 1 THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON The Helminthological Society of Washington meets monthly from October to May for the presentation and discussion of papers . Persons interested in any branch of parasitology or related science are invited to attend the meetings and participate in the programs, and are eligible for membership. Candidates upon suitable application are nominated for membersbip by the Executive Committee and elected by the Society. The annual dues for resident and nonresident members, including (subscription to the Society's journal and privilege of publishing therein ordinarily without charge, are four dollars . Officers of the Society for 1953 President : EDWARD G. REINHARD Vice - President : PAUL P . WEINSTEIN Corresponding Secretary-Treasurer : EDNA M . BUHRER Recording Secretary : CHARLES G.. DURBIN Librarian: MILDRED Doss Archivist: JOHN T. LUCKER PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY The Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington is a medium for the publication of notes and papers presented at the Society's meetings. How- ever, it is not a prerequisite for publication in the Proceedings that a paper be presented before the Society, and papers, by persons who are not members may be accepted provided the author will contribute toward the cost of publication.
    [Show full text]
  • Studies on the Morphology and Bio-Ecology of Nematode Fauna of Rewa
    STUDIES ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND BIO-ECOLOGY OF NEMATODE FAUNA OF REWA A TMESIS I SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHlLOSOPHy IN ZOOLOGY A. P. S. UNIVERSITY. REWA (M. P.) INDIA 1995 MY MANOJ KUMAR SINGH ZOOLOGICAL RESEARCH LAB GOVT. AUTONOMOUS MODEL SCIENCE COLLEGE REWA (M. P.) INDIA La u 4 # s^ ' T5642 - 7 OCT 2002 ^ Dr. C. B. Singh Department of Zoology M Sc, PhD Govt Model Science Coll Professor & Head Rewa(M P ) - 486 001 Ref Date 3^ '^-f^- ^'^ir CERTIFICATE Shri Manoj Kumar Singh, Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Govt. Model Science College, Rewa has duly completed this thesis entitled "STUDIES ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND BIO-ECOLOGY OF NEMATODE FAUNA OF REWA" under my supervision and guidance He was registered for the degree of Philosophy in Zoology on Jan 11, 1993. Certified that - 1. The thesis embodies the work of the candidate himself 2. The candidate worked under my guidance for the period specified b\ A. P. S. University, Rewa. 3. The work is upto the standard, both from, itscontentsas well as literary presentation point of view. I feel pleasure in commendingthis work to university for the awaid of the degree. (Dr. Co. Singh) or^ra Guide Professor & Head of Zoology department Govt. Model Science College (Autonomous) Rewa (M.P.) DECLARATION The work embodied in this thesis is original and was conducted druing the peirod for Jan. 1993 to July 1995 at the Zoological Research Lab, Govt. Model Science College Rewa, (M.P.) to fulfil the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Zoology from A.P.S.
    [Show full text]
  • (3-19) Has Been to Broaden the Scope of the Training and Knowledge in Phytonematology of the Participants in the Project and of Students Majoring in This Subject
    FOHEWOHD Ono of the aima of the Southern Regional Nematology Project (3-19) has been to broaden the scope of the training and knowledge in phytonematology of the participants in the Project and of students majoring in this subject. Recognizing that the workers and teachers in phytonematology in this country are, perhaps, too much "from the same mold", efforts were made to have silicone come from abroad ar a guest lecturer. Tt was desired to have someone very well informed and experienced in the field of phytonematology, particularly, as it is being developed and applied in Western Europe. Aided by a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation, it was the good fortune of the Southern Regional Nematology Project to be able to have Dr. J. W. Seinhorst, of the Institute for Phytopathology, Wageningen, Nether­ lands, come to the southeastern region for a period of six months. The first half of Dr. Seinhorst's stay was devoted to laboratory work and a lecture series in phytonematology at the Alabama Poly­ technic Institute. The remaining three months of his time were spent in visiting each of the Regional Projects member States and Puerto Rico for the presentation of a lecture and demonstrations. Dr. Seinhorst, in exchange, had opportunity to gain a more first-hand concept of the plant nematology problems of this country. The final phase of Dr. Seinhorst's stay tinder the auspices of the Regional Project was his participation as a leader in several dirmssion topics at an advanced phytonematology workshop held at the University of Tennessee in the summer of 1957.
    [Show full text]
  • Estudio Taxonómico Del Género Rotylenchus Filipjev, 1936 : (Nematoda : Tylenchida)
    UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS TESIS DOCTORAL Estudio taxonómico del género Rotylenchus Filipjev, 1936 : (Nematoda : Tylenchida) MEMORIA PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE DOCTOR PRESENTADA POR María Cristina Zancada Fernández DIRECTOR: Rafael Alvarado Ballester Madrid, 2015 © María Cristina Zancada Fernández, 1984 2 A/il BIBLIOTECA UCM 5306710401 ESTUDIO TAXONOMICO DEL GENERO ROTYLENCHUS FILIPJEV, 1936 (NEMATODA : TYLENCHIDA) Memoria que présenta Cristina ZANCADA FERNANDEZ para optar al Gradode Doctor en Ciencias Bioldgicas. Enero de 1984 n n i \/ n n n n nD/\iircxcn L/ Il V, V V I , I I V I , L/l « L/ « l\UI UC-I ouïnix/nuv l//'\i_Li_«jii_i\ R 2-^. 2 i2 FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS BIOLDGICAS. UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID ESTUDIO TAXONOMICO DEL GENERO ROTYLENCHUS FILIPJEV, 1936 (NEMATOOA:TYLENCHIDA) M® Cristina ZANCADA FERNANDEZ La Tienoria que 1 leva por tftû lo "ESTUDIO TAXONOMICO DEL GENERO ROTYLENCHUS FILIPJEV, 1936 (NEMATODA :TYLENCHI DA) " , que péra cutar al grado de Doctor en Ciencias Bioldgicas pré­ senta D ^ M^ Cristina zZA\NCA,DA FERNANDEZ, ha si do realizado en la U.E.! de Biologia Amibientai del Institute de Edafologfa y Biolcgia Vegetal (C.S.I..C.) de Madrid, bajo la direccion del Prof. Dr. D. Rafael .ALVARADO BALLESTER. Madrid, Enero de 1984 Cristina Zancada Fernandez P r of .Dr. D ./af ae 1 Alvaradio Bail ester "Nematode systematics is still in a state of instability. Far too many shifts from one taxon to another occur and specialists differ widely in their views about the diagnostic importance of certain characters, especially at the species and the genus level'V COOMANS (1983) A Victor, por todo.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomic Keys to Plant, Soil and Aquatic Nematodes
    i TAXONOMIC KEYS TO PLANT, SOIL AND AQUATIC NEMATODES BRUCE E. HOPPER and ELDON J. CAIRNS ALABAMA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE AUBURN, ALA. 1959 Sponsored By The SOUTHERN REGIONAL NEMATODE PROJECT (S-19) ^ TAXONOMIC KEYS TO PLANT, SOIL AND AQUATIC NEMATODES BRUCE E. HOPPER and ELDON J. CAIRNS ALABAMA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE AUBURN, ALA. 1959 Sponsored By The SOUTHERN REGIONAL NEMATODE PROJECT (S-19) N / . A. PREFACE A few consolidated sources of descriptions and illustrations of plant and soil forms, in particular, are available and should be used along with the taxonomic keys. At best, keys are only attempted short cuts to" the recognition of certain specimens. In all cases check the deci- sions by referral to descriptions and illustrations of the nematodes. There are some excellent volumes available to workers who do not have access to the necessarily large reprint files of the taxonomist. The book by Filipjev & Stekhoven, 19i+l can still be purchased. The book by T. Goodey, 195l is out of print, but can be found in some libraries; so useful a book should be reprinted soon. Fortunately, two other works that every nematologist should have are again available. These are the monographs by Thorne and Swanger, 1936 (reprinted 1957) and Thorne, 1939 (reprinted 19^7 )« V/e have drawn heavily from all of these sources and want to point out that keys are by no means a substitute for the infor- mation contained in these soiorces. The book. Introduction to Nematology by Chitwood & Chitwood, is probably bhe recognized standard work on morphology and will be of great help in anderstanding the morphological terms used in the keys.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 24(1) 1957
    Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington PROCEEDINGS OF THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON VOLUME 24 JANUARY, 1957 NUMBER 1 Observations on Hymenolepis macyi Locker and Rausch, with a Revised Diagnosis of this Cestode BETTY S . DAVIS* AND MARIETTA VOGE** Cestodes removed from Sorex ornatus caught in November, 1955, at the Hastings Reservation, Monterey County, California, were identified as Hymenolepis macyi Locker and Rausch 1952, a species described from Sorex vagrans in Oregon . Observations on this material, and a review of the type specimen and other specimens from the type locality, revealed ad- ditional structural peculiarities . A further description of this species was therefore desirable ; the results of our observations are reported here . The cestodes were fixed in Bouin's fluid . Whole specimens were stained with a dilute aqueous solution of Ehrlich's haematoxylin . Sections of gravid proglottids were stained with Gomori's trichrome . We are grateful to Dr. Robert Rausch, Arctic Health Research Center, Anchorage, Alaska, for the loan of specimens of H . macyi from Oregon . In general appearance, the specimens from Sorex ornatus resemble those from the type host Sorex vagrans. Strobilar length is variable and depends on the number of mature and semi-gravid proglottids . When the proglottid number is relatively large, transitions between mature and semi-gravid re- gions do not seem as abrupt as in shorter worms . As many as 7 or 8 semi- gravid proglottids were seen in specimens from Sorex ornatus . Semi-gravid proglottids contain the, genital ducts, which generally disappear in detached gravid proglottids. Fully gravid segments were never seen on the strobilae of preserved specimens .
    [Show full text]
  • Population Dynamics, Extraction, and Response to Nematicide of Three Plant Parasitic Nematodes On
    AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Kathryn J. Merrifield for the degree of Master of Science in Botany and Plant Pathology presented on June 4, 1990. Title: POPULATION DYNAMICS, EXTRACTION, AND RESPONSE TO NEMATICIDE OF THREE PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODES ON PEPPERMINT (MENTHA PIPERITA L.) Redacted Abstract approved: for Privacy Dr. RuSgell E. Ingham The efficiencies of wet sieving/sucrose centrifugation (WS/SC) recovery of Pratylenchus penetrans (59 %), Paratylenchus sp., (80 %), and Criconemella xenoplax (66 %) were established. Baermann funnels (BF) recovered significantly more P. penetrans (p = 0.01) and significantly less (p = 0.01) C. xenoplax than did WS/SC. While densities of P. penetrans in stored soil remained constant over the three days following field sample collection, Paratylenchus sp. and C. xenoplax densities increased significantly on the second day and decreased to their original level on the third day. During mist chamber extraction, P. penetrans continued to emerge from peppermint root tissue for 38 days, but 90 % of the total was recovered after 10 days. The standard core, consisting of 500 g dry soil plus the roots and rhizomes in that soil, was developed to express endoparasitic andectoparasitic nematode densities in peppermint field soil, roots, andrhizomes. Enumerating nematode densities within thedifferent plant- soil components of a particular volume ofsoil more closely describes the total nematodepopulation pressure on the plant growingin that volume of soil. Therefore, endoparasitic nematode population levels wereexpressed as numbers in standard core soil, roots,rhizomes, or total core (soil, root, and rhizomepopulations combined). P. penetrans populations inpeppermint fields peaked in early May, decreased through the summer,peaked again in August, and decreased through the fall to alow winter level.
    [Show full text]
  • Morfología De Los Nematodos Curso De Identificación
    MORFOLOGÍA DE LOS NEMATODOS CURSO DE IDENTIFICACIÓN (Revisado Julio 2015) 1 MANUAL MORFOLOGÍA DE LOS NEMATODOS Dr. Tom Bongers1 (Versión original en inglés) M.Sc Alejandro Esquivel2. (Versión modificada y traducida) I. PARTE MORFOLOGÍA DE LOS NEMATODOS 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 1.1 TERMINOLOGÍA 1.2 RADIOS (Fórmula de DE MAN ) 2. FORMA DEL CUERPO 3. CUTÍCULA Y ESTRUCTURAS EXTERNAS 4. SISTEMA DIGESTIVO 5. SISTEMA GENITAL 5.1 HEMBRA 5.2 MACHO 6. ESTRUCTURA Y FUNCION 6.1 NEMATODOS FITOPARÁSITOS 6.2 NEMATODOS OMNÍVOROS 6.3 NEMATODOS COMEDORES DE HONGOS 6.4 NEMATODOS BACTERIÓFAGOS 6.5 NEMATODOS CARNÍVOROS 6,6 NEMATODOS COMEDORES DE ALGAS 1.Profesor e investigador. Departamento de Nematologìa. Universidad de Wageningen. Holanda. Curador colección de nematodos. 2 Profesor e investigador. Laboratorio de Nematologìa. Escuela de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional. Heredia, Costa Rica. Curador colección de nematodos UNA. Email: [email protected] 2 1. INTRODUCCIÓN Identificar nematodos requiere de cierto conocimiento básico de su morfología. Además, conocer el funcionamiento de sus estructuras, permite predecir el comportamiento alimenticio, brindándonos valiosa información aún de especies desconocidas, de la misma forma como los dientes de un mamífero o el pico de un ave nos revelan información del tipo de alimento que consumen. En este capítulo se discute la morfología de los nematodos y su importancia para la identificación. Además se enfatiza en la morfología funcional y en la ubicación de los nematodos en grupos funcionales 1.1 TERMINOLOGÍA Uno de los objetivos de la terminología morfológica es la comunicación. Si en una clave de identificación de pájaros esta escrito " alas amarillas " y uno no sabe la diferencia entre ala, cola, pata y pico, jamás podrá identificar adecuadamente.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 16(2) 1949
    VOLUME 16 ,JULY, 1949 NUMBER PROCEEDINGS of The Helminthological Society of Washington Supported in part by the Brayton H . Ransom Memorial Trust Fund EDITORIAL COMMITTEE EDWARD G. REINHARD, Editor The Catholic University of America EMMETT W. PRICE U. S. Bureau of Animal Industry GILBERT F. OTTO Johns Hopkins University WILLARD H. WRIGHT National Institutes of Health GOTTHOLD STEINER U. S. Bureau of Plant Industry, Soils, and Agricultural Engineering Subscription $1 .75 a Volume ; Foreign, $2.00 Published by THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON The Helminthological Society of Washington meets monthly from October to May for the presentation and discussion of papers . Persons .interested in any branch of parasitology or related science are invited to attend the meetings and participate in the programs and are eligible for membership . Candidates, upon suitable application, are nominated for membership by the Executive Committee and elected by the Society . The annual dues for resident and nonresident members, including subscription to the Society's journal and privilege of publishing therein ordinarily without charge, are five dollars . Officers of the Society for 1 .940 President: B . G . CHITWOOD Vice president : Louis J . OLIVIER Corresponding Secretary-Treasurer : EDNA M . BUHRER Recording Secretary : JOHN C . LOTZE PROCEEDINGS OE THE SOCIETY The Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington is a medium for the publication of notes and papers presented at the Society's meetings . How- ever, it is not a prerequisite for publication in the Proceedings that a paper be presented before the Society, and papers by persons who are not members may be accepted provided the author will contribute toward the cost of publication .
    [Show full text]
  • Grupo De Pesquisa Em Nematologia Da Uenf Coleção De Separatas
    GRUPO DE PESQUISA EM NEMATOLOGIA DA UENF COLEÇÃO DE SEPARATAS ?? (1994). Protocol for lead citrate staining, UC Riverside. ?? (??). "Nematoses." Abad, P. (1994). Repetitive DNA in plant-paratitic nematode: Use for interspecific and intraspecific identification. Advances in molecular plant nematology. Abad, P. (1994). Transposable elements in nematodes. Advances in molecular plant nematology. Abawi, G. S. and J. Chen (1998). Concomitant pathogen and pest interactions. Plant and Nematode Interactions. Madison, American Society of Agronomy Crop Science Society of America Soil Science Society of America: 135-158. Abdel-Razek, A. S. and S. Gowen (2002). "The integrated effect of the nematode bacteria complex and neem plant extracts against Plutella xylostella (L.) larvae (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) on chinese cabbage." Phythology and Plant Protection 35(3): 181-188. Abdel-Razek, A. S. and S. Gowen (2002). "The integrated effect of the nematode-bacteria complex and neem plant extracts against Plutella xylostella (L.) larvae (Lepidoptera:Yponomeutidae) on chinese cabbage." Archiv.Phytopath.Pflanz 35. Abe, M. and T. Ikegami (2005). "Susceptibility of live species of thrips to different strains of the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana." Applied Entomology and Zoology 40. Abebe, E., et al. (2011). "A critique of current methods in nematode taxonomy." African Journal of Biotechnology 10: 312-323. Abebe, E., et al. (2006). Dynamics of freshwater nematodes: abundance, biomass and diversity. Freshwater nematodes - Ecology and taxonomy. E. Abebe, I. Andrássy and W. Traunspurger: 77-93. Abolafia, F. (2006). Order Rhabditida: suborder Rhabditina. Freshwater nematodes - Ecology and taxonomy. E. Abebe, I. Andrássy and W. Traunspurger: 696-721. Abrão, M. M. and P. Mazzafera (1998). "Alterações fisiológicas no algodoeiro causadas pelo nematóide Meloidogyne incognita raça 3: influência do nitrogênio." Nematologia Brasileira 22: 66-78.
    [Show full text]
  • A Reappraisal of Tylenchina (Nemata). 4. the Family Anguinidae Nicoll, 1935 (1926)
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of 1987 A Reappraisal of Tylenchina (Nemata). 4. The family Anguinidae Nicoll, 1935 (1926) Renaud Fortuner California Department of Food and Agriculture Armand R. Maggenti University of California - Davis Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs Part of the Parasitology Commons Fortuner, Renaud and Maggenti, Armand R., "A Reappraisal of Tylenchina (Nemata). 4. The family Anguinidae Nicoll, 1935 (1926)" (1987). Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology. 108. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs/108 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. A reappraisal of Tylenchina (Nemata). 4. The family Anguinidae Nicoll, 1935 (1926) (l) Renaud FORTUNER*and Armand R. MAGGENTI California Department of Food and Agriculture, Analysis and Identification (Nematology), 1220 N Street, Sacramento, Ca 95814; and University of Califonlia, Division of Nematology, Davis, Ca 95616, USA SUMMARK The familyAnguinidae isredefined. The familiesand subfamilies Nothotylenchidaehnae,
    [Show full text]