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Glottologia Magistrale A N N O A C C A DE M IC O 2018-2019 C DL : Filologia,letterature e storia del mondo antico ( LM ) - 29955 ( L M - 15) GLOTTOLOGIA MAGISTRALE P r o f. M a r co Mancini Programma d’esame C. Ciancaglini-A. Keidan, Linguistica generale e storica per studenti di lingue orientali e classiche, vol. II, Firenze, Le Monnier, 2018 N. Sims Williams, Le lingue iraniche, in A. Giacalone-Ramat-P. Ramat (a cura di), Le lingue indoeuropee, Bologna, Il Mulino, 1993, pp. 151-179. Le dispense sono costituite dai seguenti saggi: – Huyse, Philip (1999) Some Further Thoughts on the Bisitun Monument and the Genesis of the Old Persian Cuneiform Script. In: Bulletin of the Asia Institute 13:45-66. – Schmitt, Rüdiger (2004) Old Persian. In: Roger D. Woodard ed.., The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World’s Ancient Languages. Cambridge: 717-741 – Testo di DB – Fotocopie distibuite a lezione Bulletin of the Asia Institute, a Non-Profit Corporation Some Further Thoughts on the Bisitun Monument and the Genesis of the Old Persian Cuneiform Script Author(s): PHILIP HUYSE Source: Bulletin of the Asia Institute, New Series, Vol. 13 (1999), pp. 45-66 Published by: Bulletin of the Asia Institute, a Non-Profit Corporation Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/24048957 Accessed: 14-12-2015 03:38 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/ info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Bulletin of the Asia Institute, a Non-Profit Corporation is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Bulletin of the Asia Institute. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 130.216.158.78 on Mon, 14 Dec 2015 03:38:31 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions Some Further Thoughts on the Bisitun Monument and the Genesis of the Old Persian Cuneiform Script1 PHILIP H U Y S Ε While many studies dealing with the origins of no Babylonian translation; nor do we have an the Old Persian cuneiform script have appeared Aramaic version of it, or a translation in any in the past few decades,2 a new edition by other language employed in the Achaemenid Schmitt, published in 1991, calls for more work empire. Another reason is that the Old Persian on the subject. Now based on a thorough verifi- text is seriously damaged at some crucial points, cation of a series of good photos taken in the which—until Schmitt 1991—prevented a more early sixties, the text of the Old Persian version accurate restoration of the text, while the corre of the Bisitun inscription is at last on a firm ba- sponding Elamite text, though completely pre sis.3 In addition, many facts closely connected to served, contains several key words which are the matter which seemed in doubt some thirty or either hapax legomena or of which the exact forty years ago have become certainties. meaning is contested. There is presumably no other passage in an Following are the texts of both versions in full Old Persian inscription that has been debated length according to the current standard edi about so intensely as the last lines of the fourth tions, accompanied by the translations given by column of the great Bisitun inscription (DB IV their respective editors: 88-92 = par. 70), also known as the "Schrifter findungsparagraph." While some scholars would Old Persian (DB IV 88-92): [88]. θ-α-t-i-y : d-a-i-y ; : v-s-n-a : a-u- r-m-z-d-a-h : like to see in it proof that Darius I (522-486 b.c.) v-u-s x-s-a-y-0-i-y [89] 1"m ·' ,·1 : a-d-m : a-k"-u-n-v-m : introduced the Old Persian cuneiform script by d'-i-p-i-'c^-i-'ç-m t-y P-t-i-S-m : a-i-i-y-a : u-t-a : p-v-s-t- [90]a-y-[a] : u-t-a : means of that very inscription,4 others think c™ ; i"m] ; ; ti-tU-s-m-lc-i-y :[n-a-m that the script already existed in the time of 5 n-a]-f-m : a-k"-u-n-v-m : p-[t]-i-s-[m · u]-v-a-d-a- [91] OyrusΓνrus tnethe Treat (ca.(ca 558558-580 58U b.c.]β c I anaand stilistill . [t.m) [a_ku.u.n].v.[m] : u.t.a : n-i-y-p-i-W]-i-[y : u}-t-a others claim that its reach as far back as . origins p+s-i-y-a p.s.a.[v] pm Median times. Much on a correct un- depends [92] i-p-i-'c-i-ç]-m : f-[r]-a-s-t-a-y-m : v'-i-\s]-p-d-ci: ■ derstanding of this par. 70 in DB (part l).7 In fact, a.t.T d-h-y-a-[v\ : k-a-r : h-m-a-[t]-x-S-t-a it plays a central role in the question of the gen esis of the Old Persian cuneiform script (part 2), /0âti Dàrayavaus xsàyaOiya: vasnà Auramazdâha ima adam utà and it also has consequences for the reconstruc- dipiciçam, taya akunavam, patisam ariyâ, utà carmà nâma tion of the consecutive stages in the creation of pavastâyà8 grftam âha, patisamci nàfam akunavam, patisam uvàdàtam akunavam, utà the Bisitun monument (part 3). niyapaiOiya utà patiyafraOiya paisyà mâm, pasava ima dipiciçam frâstàyam vispadâ antar dahyàva, kâra hamâtaxsatâ/ 1. DB, Paragraph 70 "Proclaims Darius, the king: By the favour of Aura The reasons for the re- continuing controversy mazdâ this (is) the form of writing, which I have of the Bi- garding the interpretation of par. 70 made, besides, in Aryan.11 Both on clay tablets and situn inscription are manifold. One problem is on parchment it has been placed. Besides, I also that there exists only an Elamite parallel ver- made the signature; besides, I made the lineage. And before me. sion of that passage in the Old Persian text, but it was written down and was read aloud 45 This content downloaded from 130.216.158.78 on Mon, 14 Dec 2015 03:38:31 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions η υ y s ε: The Bisitun Monument and the Genesis of the Old Persian Cuneiform Script Afterwards I have sent this form of writing every- adverb /patisam/ followed by the enclitic em where into the countries. The people strove12 (to use phatic particle /ci/; Kent 1953, 130, and others after Schmitt 45 it)." (Quoted 1991, [transliteration] ha(j them erroneously understood as [p-t]-i-s-m and 73f. [transcription and translation]) i-y /patisa(m)-mai/, that is, as the adverb /pati sam/ followed by the enclitic pronoun of the 1st and pers. sg. /mai/. Bef°re translati°n and Elamite [DBl]13: [1] <da-ri-ia-ma-u-is HUNK1 na-an-ri ^ ^5" Potation of the Old Persian text, I would like [2] za-u-lmi-in *u-ra-mazx-da-na [3] hi Hup-pi-me / t0 turn t° Elamite as it is of da-a-e-ik-ki hu-ut-tâ [4] har-ri-ia-ma / ap-pa sâ-is-sâ text, genuine assistance a better of in-ni sà-ri [5] ku-ut-tâ hha-la-/at-uk-ku ku-ut-tâ regarding understanding KUSme's-uk-ku [6] ku-ut-tâ / hhi-is ku-ut-tâ e-ip-pi its Old Persian counterpart. Unlike the Old Per hu-ut-tâ [7] ku-/ut-tâ tal-li-ik ku-ut-tâ ιύ ti-Hp-pa pè- sian text, the reading of the Elamite version ip-ra-ka4 [8] me-ni Hup-pi-me am-/min-nu lda-a-ia- causes no problem, but the interpretation has u-is mar-ri-da ha-ti-/ma hi tin-gi-ia [9] ltas-su-ip-pè So far been rather troublesome, to judge from sa-pi-is older translations (see n. 7), which at times dif fer substantially. "Et Darius, le roi, déclare: Par le fait d'Uramazda j'ai Apart from some minor divergences, the Elam fait autrement/un autre texte en aryen, ce qu il n'y . ^ j.rr £ -, Λ,ι ^ ^ r ·, · r / ite text differs from the Old Persian text m one avait sur et sur et ai fait . pas auparavant, argile peau, y . n , ,/6 T significant point that was long neglected. In nom (et) généalogie et cela a été écrit et lu devant both instances of the Old Persian text in which moi; ensuite, j'ai envoyé ce texte-là dans tous les the word occurs IV and pays; les gens (l')ont répété." (Quoted after Grillot- /dipiciçam/ (DB 89 91f.), Susini, Herrenschmidt, and Malbran-Labat 1993, 38 it is preceded by the demonstrative pronoun [transliteration]14 and 58f. [translation]) /ima/ (ntr.) "this here," commonly used for some thing that is near the speaker. Despite this uni To begin with the Old Persian text as recon- formity in the Old Persian text, the translation structed by Schmitt 1991, his readings and sup- of the Elamite text is twice slightly divergent: on plements contain some major improvements in the first occurrence, OP /ima/ is not rendered by comparison to former editions.15 A first change Elam.
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