DOCSLIB.ORG

Ray Powder Patterns NATIONAL BUREAU of STANDARDS

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ray Powder Patterns NATIONAL BUREAU of STANDARDS UN|V of ARIZONA s~) jer- J Standard X-ray diffraction powder pattern «X. ^_? / C 13.44: 25/S6C.13 *e*T OF c0 3 9001 90000 9641 <^ NBS MONOGRAPH 25 ~ SECTION 13 \ J ray Powder Patterns NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS The National Bureau of Standards 1 was established by an act of Congress March 3, 190K The Bureau©s overall goal is to strengthen and advance the Nation©s science and technology and facilitate their effective application for public benefit. To this end, the Bureau conducts research and provides: (I) a basis for the Nation©s physical measurement system, (2) scientific and technological services for industry and government, (3) a technical basis for equity in trade, and <4) technical services to promote public safety. The Bureau consists of the Institute for Basic Standards, the Institute for Materials Research, the Institute for Applied Technology, the Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology, and the Office for Information Programs, THE INSTITUTE FOR BASIC STANDARDS provides the central basis within the United States of a complete and consistent system of physical measurement; coordinates that system with measurement systems of other nations; and furnishes essential services leading to accurate and uniform physical measurements throughout the Nation©s scientific community, industry, and commerce The Institute consists of the Office of Measurement Services, the Office of Radiation Measurement and the following Center and divisions; Applied Mathematics Electricity Mechanics Heat Optical Physics Center for Radiation Research: Nuclear Sciences; Applied Radiation Laboratory Astrophysics" Cryogenics Electromagnetics ~ Time and Frequency :J, THE INSTITUTE FOR MATERIALS RESEARCH conducts materials research leading to improved methods of measurement, standards, and data on the properties of well-characterized materials needed by industry, commerce, educational institutions, and Government; provides advisory and research services to other Government agencies; and develops, produces, and distributes standard reference materials. The Institute consists of the Office of Standard Reference Materials, the Office of Air and Water Measurement, and the following divisions: Analytical Chemistry Polymers Metallurgy Inorganic Materials Reactor Radiation Physical Chemistry. THE INSTITUTE FOR APPLIED TECHNOLOGY provides technical services to promote the use of available technology and to facilitate technological innovation in industry and Government: cooperates with public and private organizations leading to the development of technological standards (including mandatory safely standards), codes and methods of test; and provides technical advice and services to Government agencies upon request. The Insti tute consists of the following divisions and Centers: Standards Application and Analysis Electronic Technology Center for Consumer Product Technology: Product Systems Analysis; Product Engineering Center for Building Technology: Structures, Materials, and Life Safety: Building Environment: Technical Evalua tion and Application Center for Fire Research: Fire Science; Fire Safety Engineering. THE INSTITUTE FOR COMPUTER SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY conducts research and provides technical services designed to aid Government agencies in improving cost effec tiveness in the conduct of their programs through the selection, acquisition, and effective utilization of automatic data processing equipment: and serves as the principal focus within the executive branch for the development of Federal standards for automatic data processing equipment, techniques, and computer languages. The Institute consists of the following divisions: Computer Services Systems and Software Computer Systems Engineering Informa tion Technology THE OFFICE FOR INFORMATION PROGRAMS promotes optimum dissemination and accessibility of scientific information generated within NBS and other agencies of the Federal Government; promotes the development of the National Standard Reference Data System and a system of information analysis centers dealing with the broader aspects of the National Measurement System; provides appropriate services to ensure that the NBS staff has optimum accessibility to the scientific information of the world. The Office consists of the following organizational units: Office of Standard Reference Data Office of Information Activities Office of Technical Publications Library Office of International Relations Office of International Standards. 1 Headquarters and Laboratories at Gaithersburg. Maryland, unless otherwise noted; mailing address Washington, DC. 20234. - Located at Boulder, Colorado 80302. Standard X-ray Diffraction Powder Patterns Section 13-Data for 58 Substances Marlene C. Morris, Howard F. McMurdie, Eloise H. Evans, Boris Paretzkin, Johan H. de Groot, Camden R. Hubbard and Simon J. Carmel Institute for Materials Research National Bureau of Standards Washington, B.C. 20234 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Elliot L Richardson, Secretory Dr. Betsy Ancker-Johnson, Assistant Secretary tor Science and Technology NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Ambler, Acting Director Issued June 1976 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 53-61386 National Bureau of Standards Monograph 25 Section 13 Data for 58 Substances Nat. Bur. Stand. (U.S.), Monogr. 25 Sec. 13, 114 pages (June 1976) CODEN: NBSMA6 ILS. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1976 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (Order by SD Catalog No. C13.44:25/Sec. 13). Price $1.80 (Add 25 percent additional for other than U.S. mailing). CONTENTS Page Page Introduction. Cobalt gallium tantalum, CO2GaTa. 76 Cobalt gallium titanium, Co2GaTi... 77 Experimental patterns: Cobalt gallium vanadium, CO2GaV. 78 Cobalt germanium manganese, Arsenic iodide, Asl 3 ............... 7 Co2GeMn ......................... 79 Barium silicate, $-BaSiO 3 .......... 8 Cobalt germanium titanium, Co2GeTi. 80 Barium silicate, (sanbornite), Cobalt indium, Coln 3 ............... 81 B-BaSi 2O 5 ....................... 10 Cobalt lanthanum , CoLa 3 ............ 83 Barium silicate, Ba2SiOt+ ........... 12 Cobalt lutetium, Co2Lu. ............ 86 Barium silicate, Ba2Si 3O 8 .......... 13 Cobalt neodymium, Co2Nd. ........... 87 Barium silicate, Ba 3SiO 5 ........... 15 Cobalt nickel tin, Barium silicate, 8338150^3......... 17 . 75 88 Cadmium silicate, C^SiC^ .......... 19 Cobalt samarium, 90 Cadmium silicate, Cd 3SiO 5 .......... 20 Cobalt tin , Co 3Sn2 92 Calcium hydrogen phosphate hydrate, Ca 8H2 (PCV 6 -5H20................ 21 Cumulative indices Cobalt phosphate, Co(P0 3 ) 2 ......... 23 (Circular 539, Volumes 1-10 and Copper imidazole nitrate, Monograph 25, Sections 1-13 inclusive) Cu (C 3HitN2 ) ^ (N0 3 ) 2 ............... 24 Lead chloride fluoride(matlockite), 1. Inorganic. 94 PbClF........................... 25 2. Organic... 107 Magnesium phosphate, Mg (PO 3 ) 2 ...... 26 3. Mineral... 108 Magnesium tungsten oxide, MgWO^.... 27 Mercury chloride, HgCl2............ 29 Mercury chloride (calomel), Hg2Cl2 . 30 Nickel acetate hydrate, Ni(C 2H 30 2 ) 2 -4H20................ 31 Potassium lead chloride, KPb2Cl5... 33 Potassium platinum chloride, K2PtCl 6 ......................... 34 Silicon, Si. ....................... 35 Silver carbonate, Ag 2CO 3 ........... 36 Silver sulfate, Ag 2 SOi+............. 37 Sodium phosphate hydrate, a-Na 4P I+O 12 -4H2O. ................ 39 Strontium hydroxide, Sr(OH) 2 ....... 41 Strontium hydroxide hydrate, Sr(OH) 2 ©H2O..................... 42 Strontium hydroxide hydrate, Sr(OH) 2 ©8H20.................... 43 Strontium silicate, Sr 3 SiO 5 ........ 44 Tin hydrogen phosphate, SnHPC\..... 46 Zinc borate, Zn^B^O^ 3.............. 48 Zinc titanium oxide, ZnTiO 3 ........ 49 Calculated patterns: Cerium cobalt, CeCo2 ............... 50 Cerium cobalt, Ce 2 ^Coj j............ 51 Cerium gallium, CeGa2 .............. 54 Cerium magnesium, CeMg 3 ............ 56 Cerium nickel, CeNi 2 ............... 58 Cerium thallium, Cell.............. 59 Cerium thallium, CeTl 3 ............. 60 Cerium thallium, Ce 3Tl............. 61 Cobalt dysprosium, Co2Dy........... 63 Cobalt erbium, Co2Er............... 64 Cobalt erbium, CoyEr2 .............. 65 Cobalt gadolinium, CoGd 3 ........... 68 Cobalt gadolinium, Co2Gd........... 71 Cobalt gadolinium, CoyGd2 .......... 72 Cobalt gallium manganese, Co2GaMn.. 75 STANDARD X-RAY DIFFRACTION POWDER PATTERNS The following copies may be obtained from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia, 22161. Where these publications are identified with a number, it must be used in ordering. They are available in hardcopy or microfiche; the price is not fixed and will be furnished on request. Also, until the present supply is exhausted, the publication numbers marked by an asterisk are for sale from the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402. Order respectively by SD catalog No. C13.44:25/Sec. 11, Price $1.55 or SD catalog No. C13.44:25/Sec. 12, Price $1.50. NBS Publication Number NBS Publication Number Circular 539, Volume 1.................PB 178 902 Monograph 25, Section 1................PB 178 429 Volume 2.................PB 178 903 Section 2................PB 178 430 Volume 3.................PB 178 904 Section 3................PB 178 431 Volume 4.................PB 178 905 Section 4 Volume 5.................PB 178 906 Section 5 Volume 6.................PB 178 907 Section 6 Volume 7.................PB 178 908 Section 7 Volume 8.................PB
Load more

Recommended publications
  • WO 2015/025175 Al 26 February 2015 (26.02.2015) P O P C T
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2015/025175 Al 26 February 2015 (26.02.2015) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every C09K 5/06 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, (21) International Application Number: BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, PCT/GB2014/052580 DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (22) International Filing Date: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, 22 August 2014 (22.08.2014) KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, (25) Filing Language: English OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, (26) Publication Language: English SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, (30) Priority Data: ZW. 13 15098.2 23 August 2013 (23.08.2013) GB (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (71) Applicant: SUNAMP LIMITED [GB/GB]; Unit 1, Satel kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, lite Place, Macmerry, Edinburgh EH33 1RY (GB). GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, (72) Inventors: BISSELL, Andrew John; C/o SunAmp, Unit TJ, TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, 1, Satellite Place, Macmerry, Edinburgh EH33 1RY (GB).
    [Show full text]
  • The Chemistry of Strontium and Barium Scales
    Association of Water Technologies October 20 -23, 2010 Reno, NV, USA The Chemistry of Strontium and Barium Scales Robert J. Ferguson and Baron R. Ferguson French Creek Software, Inc. Kimberton, PA 19442 (610) 935-8337 (610) 935-1008 FAX [email protected] [email protected] Abstract New ‘mystery scales’ are being encountered as cooling tower operators increase cycles to new highs, add ‘reuse’ water to the make-up, and utilize new make-up water sources as part of an overall water conservation strategy. Scales rarely, if ever, encountered in the past are emerging as potential problems. This threat of unexpected scale is compounded because most water treatment service companies do not include barium and strontium in their make-up water analyses. Water sources with even as little 0.01 mg/L of Ba (as Ba) can become very scale-forming with respect to barite (BaSO4) when tower concentration ratios are increased and sulfuric acid used for pH control. Make-up waters incorporating reverse osmosis concentrate can also provide a strontium and barium source. In some cases, produced waters are also being used in an effort for greener water use. This paper discusses the chemistry of the barium and strontium based scales barite (BaSO4), celestite (SrSO4), witherite (BaCO3) and strontianite (SrCO3). Conditions for formation and control from a water treater’s perspective are emphasized. Indices for prediction are discussed. Scale Prediction and the Concept of Saturation A majority of the indices used routinely by water treatment chemists are derived from the basic concept of saturation. A water is said to be saturated with a compound (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Strontium Sulfate Scale Prevention
    Tech Manual Excerpt Water Chemistry and Pretreatment Strontium Sulfate Scale Prevention Strontium Calculation /8/ Sulfate Scale Prediction of SrSO scaling potential is performed in the same way as the previously Prevention 4 described procedure for CaSO4: 1. Calculate the ionic strength of the concentrate stream (Ic) following the procedure described in Scaling Calculations (Form No. 45-D01551-en): Eq. 1 2. Calculate the ion product (IPc) for SrSO4 in the concentrate stream: Eq. 2 where: m 2+ 2+ ( Sr )f = M Sr in feed, mol/L m 2– 2– ( SO4 )f = M SO4 in feed, mol/L 3. Compare IPc for SrSO4 with the solubility product (Ksp) of SrSO4 at the ionic strength of the concentrate stream, Figure 1 in Calcium Fluoride Scale Prevention (Form No. 45-D01556-en). If IPc ≥ 0.8 Ksp, SrSO4 scaling can occur, and adjustment is required. Adjustments for SrSO4 Scale Control The adjustments discussed in Calcium Sulfate Scale Prevention (Form No. 45-D01553-en) for CaSO4 scale control apply for SrSO4 scale control as well. Page 1 of 2 Form No. 45-D01555-en, Rev. 4 April 2020 Excerpt from FilmTec™ Reverse Osmosis Membranes Technical Manual (Form No. 45-D01504-en), Chapter 2, "Water Chemistry and Pretreatment." Have a question? Contact us at: All information set forth herein is for informational purposes only. This information is general information and may differ from that based on actual conditions. Customer is responsible for determining whether products and the information in this document are www.dupont.com/water/contact-us appropriate for Customer's use and for ensuring that Customer's workplace and disposal practices are in compliance with applicable laws and other government enactments.
    [Show full text]
  • Severe Corrosion of Steel and Copper by Strontium Bromide In
    Corrosion Science 138 (2018) 275–283 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Corrosion Science journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/corsci Severe corrosion of steel and copper by strontium bromide in T thermochemical heat storage reactors ⁎ Pierre D’Ansa, , Emilie Courbonb, Marc Frèreb, Gilbert Descyc, Tiriana Segatoa, Marc Degreza a Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 4MAT Department, 50, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, CP194/03, 1050, Brussels, Belgium b UMONS, Institut de Recherche en Energie – Laboratoire de Thermodynamique, 31 Boulevard Dolez, 7000, Mons, Belgium c BE-SOL R&D, 2 rue de la Griotte, 5580, Rochefort, Belgium ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Thermochemical heat storage exploits thermal solar energy to produce sustainable residential heating, obtained A. Copper by exothermal reaction between bromides and water vapour. A protocol to test the corrosion of surrounding A. Carbon steel −1 materials is discussed in the case of SrBr2 contacting copper or steel. Corrosion depth > 1 mm y is found for B. Weight loss steel in conditions where the salt remains mostly solid, due to a reaction between SrBr2 and atmospheric CO2 B. XRD that produces HBr. Temperature and the dissolution of the salt (deliquescence) also play a key role. B. Cyclic voltammetry Potentiodynamic tests, the limitations of which are discussed, corroborate the salt degradation in the case of C. Reactor conditions steel. 1. Introduction Since the late eighties, several papers have been dedicated to the corrosion problem in the case of PCMs, with tests focused on the While electrical power storage is becoming widespread through melting process or the liquid phase [21–34], and quite often in organic applications like electrical vehicles, thermal energy storage still needs compounds [30,35,36].
    [Show full text]
  • PDF Card 3-320 [Dow Chemical Co., Midland, 1 .3805 1 006 67.83 Michigan] 1 .3672 6 300 68.58
    standard X-ray Diffraction Powder Patterns ^v^iSection 10-Data for 84 Substances ^•2. — Howard E. Swanson, Howard F. McMurdie, Marlene C. Morris lliloise H. Evans, and Boris Paretzkin Assisted by Johan H. deGroot and Simon J. Carmel Institute for Materials Research -y.J National Bureau of Standards ' Washington, D.C. 20234 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Refer G. Peterson, Secretary NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Lawrence M. Kushner, AcUng Director, Issued November 1972 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 53—61386 National Bureau of Standards Monograph 25 Section 10—Data for 84 Substances Nat. Bur. Stand. (U.S.), Monogr. 25— Sec. 10,161 pages (Nov. 1972) CODEN: NBSMA6 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (Order by SD Catalog No. C13.44: 25/Sec. 10). Price $2.00 CONTENTS Page Page Introduction 1 Zinc manganese oxide (hetaerolite), ZnMn20^ 61 Experimental patterns: Zinc tin oxide, Zn2Sn04 62 Ammonium aluminum sulfate, NH^AKSO^)^ 5 Calculated patterns: Ammonium copper bromide hydrate, (NH^)2CuBr^"2H20 .. 6 Barium bromide, BaBr2 63 Ammonium iodate, NH^IOj 7 Barium iodide, Bal2 66 Ammonium iron sulfate, NH^Fe(S0^)2 8 Boron oxide, B2O3 phase 1 70 Ammonium magnesium aluminum fluoride, NH^IVIgAIFg ... 9 Calcium iron silicate hydroxide, julgoldite, Barium bromide fluoride, BaBrF 10 Ca2Fe3Si30jo(OH,0)2(OH)2 72 Barium chloride fluoride, BaCIF 11 Calcium malate hydrate, CaC4H405-2H20 76 Barium sulfate (barite), BaSO^ (revised). 12 Cesium lithium cobalt cyanide, CsLiCo(CN)g 79 Cadmium
    [Show full text]
  • Standard X-Ray Diffraction Powder Patterns NATIONAL BUREAU of STANDARDS
    NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS & TECHNOLOGY Research Information Center Gaithersburg, MD 20899 NATL INST OF STANDARDS & TECH R.I.C. A1 11 00988606 /NBS monograph QC100 .U556 V25-12;1975 C.1 NBS-PUB-C 19 NBS MONOGRAPH 25 " SECTION 12 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE / National Bureau of Standards Standard X-ray Diffraction Powder Patterns NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS 1 The National Bureau of Standards was established by an act of Congress March 3, 1901. The Bureau's overall goal is to strengthen and advance the Nation's science and technology and facilitate their effective application for public benefit. To this end, the Bureau conducts research and provides: (1) a basis for the Nation's physical measurement system, (2) scientific and technological services for industry and government, (3) a technical basis for equity in trade, and (4) technical services to promote public safety. The Bureau consists of the Institute for Basic Standards, the Institute for Materials Research, the Institute for Applied Technology, the Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology, and the Office for Information Programs. THE INSTITUTE FOR BASIC STANDARDS provides the central basis within the United States of a complete and consistent system of physical measurement; coordinates that system with measurement systems of other nations; and furnishes essential services leading to accurate and uniform physical measurements throughout the Nation's scientific community, industry, and commerce. The Institute consists of a Center for Radiation Research, an Office of Meas- urement Services and the following divisions: Applied Mathematics — Electricity — Mechanics — Heat — Optical Physics — Nuclear Sciences 2 — Applied Radiation 2 — Quantum Electronics 3 — Electromagnetics 3 — Time 3 3 3 and Frequency — Laboratory Astrophysics — Cryogenics .
    [Show full text]
  • Standard X-Ray Diffraction Powder Patterns
    NBS MONOGRAPH 25—SECTION 4 Standard X-ray Diffraction Powder Patterns U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS THE NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS The National Bureau of Standards is a principal focal point in the Federal Government for assuring maximum application of the physical and engineering sciences to the advancement of technology in industry and commerce. Its responsibilities include development and mainte- nance of the national standards of measurement, and the provisions of means for making measurements consistent with those standards; determination of physical constants and properties of materials; development of methods for testing materials, mechanisms, and structures, and making such tests as may be necessary, particularly for government agencies; cooperation in the establishment of standard practices for incorporation in codes and specifi- cations advisory service to government agencies on scientific and technical problems ; invention ; and development of devices to serve special needs of the Government; assistance to industry, business, and consumers m the development and acceptance of commercial standards and simplified trade practice recommendations; administration of programs in cooperation with United States business groups and standards organizations for the development of international standards of practice; and maintenance of a clearinghouse for the collection and dissemination of scientific, technical, and engineering information. The scope of the Bureau's activities is suggested in the following listing of its three Institutes and their organizatonal units. Institute for Basic Standards. Applied Mathematics. Electricity. Metrology. Mechanics. Heat. Atomic Physics. Physical Chemistry. Laboratory Astrophysics.* Radiation Phys- ics. Radio Standards Laboratory:* Radio Standards Physics; Radio Standards Engineering. Office of Standard Reference Data. Institute for Materials Research.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Names and CAS Numbers Final
    Chemical Abstract Chemical Formula Chemical Name Service (CAS) Number C3H8O 1‐propanol C4H7BrO2 2‐bromobutyric acid 80‐58‐0 GeH3COOH 2‐germaacetic acid C4H10 2‐methylpropane 75‐28‐5 C3H8O 2‐propanol 67‐63‐0 C6H10O3 4‐acetylbutyric acid 448671 C4H7BrO2 4‐bromobutyric acid 2623‐87‐2 CH3CHO acetaldehyde CH3CONH2 acetamide C8H9NO2 acetaminophen 103‐90‐2 − C2H3O2 acetate ion − CH3COO acetate ion C2H4O2 acetic acid 64‐19‐7 CH3COOH acetic acid (CH3)2CO acetone CH3COCl acetyl chloride C2H2 acetylene 74‐86‐2 HCCH acetylene C9H8O4 acetylsalicylic acid 50‐78‐2 H2C(CH)CN acrylonitrile C3H7NO2 Ala C3H7NO2 alanine 56‐41‐7 NaAlSi3O3 albite AlSb aluminium antimonide 25152‐52‐7 AlAs aluminium arsenide 22831‐42‐1 AlBO2 aluminium borate 61279‐70‐7 AlBO aluminium boron oxide 12041‐48‐4 AlBr3 aluminium bromide 7727‐15‐3 AlBr3•6H2O aluminium bromide hexahydrate 2149397 AlCl4Cs aluminium caesium tetrachloride 17992‐03‐9 AlCl3 aluminium chloride (anhydrous) 7446‐70‐0 AlCl3•6H2O aluminium chloride hexahydrate 7784‐13‐6 AlClO aluminium chloride oxide 13596‐11‐7 AlB2 aluminium diboride 12041‐50‐8 AlF2 aluminium difluoride 13569‐23‐8 AlF2O aluminium difluoride oxide 38344‐66‐0 AlB12 aluminium dodecaboride 12041‐54‐2 Al2F6 aluminium fluoride 17949‐86‐9 AlF3 aluminium fluoride 7784‐18‐1 Al(CHO2)3 aluminium formate 7360‐53‐4 1 of 75 Chemical Abstract Chemical Formula Chemical Name Service (CAS) Number Al(OH)3 aluminium hydroxide 21645‐51‐2 Al2I6 aluminium iodide 18898‐35‐6 AlI3 aluminium iodide 7784‐23‐8 AlBr aluminium monobromide 22359‐97‐3 AlCl aluminium monochloride
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Field Sampling and Preservation Methods for Strontium-90 in Ground Water at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho
    EVALUATION OF FIELD SAMPLING AND PRESERVATION METHODS FOR STRONTIUM-90 IN GROUND WATER AT THE IDAHO NATIONAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY, IDAHO By L. DeWayne Cecil, LeRoy L. Knobel, and Steven J. Wegner U.S. Geological Survey and Linda L. Moore U.S. Department of Energy U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4146 Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Idaho Falls, Idaho September 1989 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MANUEL LUJAN, JR., Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director For additional information Copies of this report can be write to: purchased from: Project Office U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey INEL, MS 4148 Books and Open-File Reports Section P.O. Box 2230 Box 25425, Federal Center, Bldg. 810 Idaho Falls, ID 83403-2230 Denver, CO 80225 11 CONTENTS Page Abstract. .............................. 1 Introduction. ............................ 2 Purpose and scope. ....................... 4 Geohydrologic setting. ..................... 4 Previous investigations. .................... 6 Acknowledgments......................... 8 Sampling and preservation methods .................. 8 Analytical methods.......................... 9 Reporting of strontium-90 data. ................... 10 Quality assurance .......................... 12 Precision of analytical results ................... 12 Conclusions ............................. 14 References cited. .......................... 15 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1. Map showing location of the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory and selected facilities ...... 3 2. Map showing location of selected wells sampled for strontium-90 ..................... 5 TABLES Table 1.--Strontium-90 concentrations and associated analytical uncertainties in ground water from selected wells at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho. ..... 17 2.--Statistical comparison of strontium-90 concentrations and associated analytical uncertainties in acidified and unacidified samples of ground water from selected wells, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemistry of Strontium in Natural Water
    Chemistry of Strontium in Natural Water GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 1496 This water-supply paper was printed as separate chapters A-D UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1963 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director The U.S. Geological Survey Library has cataloged this publication as follows: U.S. Geological Survey. Chemistry of strontium in natural water. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1962. iii, 97 p. illus., diagrs., tables. 24 cm. (Its Water-supply paper 1496) Issued as separate chapters A-D. Includes bibliographies. 1. Strontium. 2. Water-Analysis. I. Title. (Series) CONTENTS [The letters in parentheses preceding the titles are those used to designate the separate chapters] Page (A) A survey of analytical methods for the determination of strontium in natural water, by C. Albert Horr____________________________ 1 (B) Copper-spark method for spectrochemical determination of strontirm in water, by Marvin W. Skougstad-______-_-_-_--_~__-___-_- 19 (C) Flame photometric determination of strontium in natural water, by C. Albert Horr_____._____._______________... 33 (D) Occurrence and distribution of strontium in natural water, by Margin W. Skougstad and C. Albert Horr____________.___-._-___-. 55 iii A Survey of Analytical Methods fc r The Determination of Strontium in Natural Water By C. ALBERT HORR CHEMISTRY OF STRONTIUM IN NATURAL rVATER GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 1496-A This report concerns work done on behalf of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and is published with the permission of the Commission UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1959 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FRED A.
    [Show full text]
  • 2005 Minerals Yearbook Strontium
    2005 Minerals Yearbook STRONTIUM U.S. Department of the Interior July 2006 U.S. Geological Survey STRONTIUM By Joyce A. ober Domestic survey data and tables were prepared by Hoa P. Phamdang, statistical assistant, and the world production table was prepared by Regina R. Coleman, international data coordinator. Domestic strontium consumption decreased for the sixth sodium sulfide, sodium hydrosulfide, and strontium nitrate consecutive year because its major end use, color television businesses. Aligning the two companies’ operations in Germany, faceplate glass production, had declined dramatically in the India, the republic of Korea, and mexico allowed them to United States owing to the shift of production to Asia and compete more efficiently in the changing markets, especially in increased popularity of new flat panel television displays that do Asia (Solvay S.A., 2005). not use strontium carbonate in their glass. Worldwide, strontium ore production increased as a result of significantly expanded Consumption production in China and mexico. Strontium occurs commonly in nature; it averages 0.04% The uSGS estimated the distribution of strontium compounds of the Earth’s crust and is the 15th element in abundance by end use. of the six operations to which a survey request was (MacMillan and others, 1994). only two minerals, celestite sent, five responded. the information collected from this survey (strontium sulfate) and strontianite (strontium carbonate), and the information provided by the u.S. Census Bureau on however, contain strontium in sufficient quantities to make strontium trade were the bases for the end-use estimates listed in its recovery practical. of the two, celestite occurs much more table 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Excessive Sulfuric Acid Dosing Resulting in Irreversible Scale Formation
    Case Study: Excessive Sulfuric Acid Dosing Resulting in Irreversible Scale Formation M. Malki, American Water Chemicals, Inc. Abstract Many consultants in the RO water treatment industry recommend sulfuric acid dosing into the feed water as a safety measure. This case study reviews a situation where acid dosing was used with the intention of improving system performance but resulted in severe sulfate scaling. The difficulties in cleaning sulfate scales are discussed and after numerous lengthy trials, an effective cleaning procedure is found and implemented. Introduction: One of the “rules of thumb” recommended by most industry experts is the dosing of sulfuric acid into RO feed‐ water as a precautionary measure. Many caution to always dose enough acid to maintain a reduced pH. They argue that sulfuric acid will act as a back‐up scale inhibitor should the antiscalant dosing pump fail. While pH reduction provides excellent control for calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate scale formations, both are reversible scales that are among the easiest to clean. The advantages provided by sulfuric acid dosing have to be weighed against the risks of introducing excess sulfates into the feed water. Sulfates at high concentrations can combine with certain cations to form sparingly soluble salts at levels beyond their saturation limits. Sulfate scales are not pH dependent; they are formed by irreversible reactions which make them very difficult if not impossible to clean. Background When a recently commissioned RO plant in Southwest Florida could not achieve design permeate the head operator contacted the system manufacturer. The plant had been in operation for only 6 months.
    [Show full text]