DOCSLIB.ORG

The Gaspee Affair As Conspiracy Stuart C

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Gaspee Affair As Conspiracy Stuart C Bnllsh 0PI'IIO'l wu .< dlt'lded on 514 r ll aCls as tire Caspee affair. Lond",,·s Wt>stmin"ltr Molg.J.Lint April 1774 sympalhetically piaur..., Amerira sp rawlIng u",ler her poor fet'nish moth..r Bnlamlill, l.I.'hllr berrellth Ih l'm IlH' scauered all Britannia·s boasted ratllrSUlld gl'wga ws -- th.. Magna Chartll. Coronll­ lIOn o...ths. l'tc. -- rll.'g/l'Cl td S4lf"suards o f English cit'll rights at Il,'m.. arid abr oad ['rim .. Mm ister Lord North mailS Ih.. pump ..rlcourai/M by pl..esed ;u.lg..s uOld Ol her catm l'" members. as IWO f'l ..nds o f America - loh'l lVI/i f'Sand Lord Cumd..n ­ prO"'''1 King C ..orge s fealurf'S top Ih.. pump ,mdtwo poli­ licruttS IDOl. on from u w m,low, ~....!!!~~~~~~~~=.::.- 1J". IlllfM"!! ()1)1111)[J. RHODE I SLAND HISTORY Published by Issued Quarterly at Providen ce. Rhode Island. THE RHODE ISLAND HI STORICAL SOC I ETY February , May, August, and November. Second 52 POWER STREET, PROVIDEN CE, RHOOE ISLAND class postage paid at Providence. Rhode Island. 02906 and printed by a grant of the ST ATE OF RH ODE IS LAND AND PROV IDENCE The Rhode Island Historical Society assu mes PLA NTATION S, Philip W . Noel. Governo r. no responsibility fo r opinions ofcontributors . Joseph K. Ott. pres iden t Geo rge C. Dav is. vice preside nt Duncan Hunter Mauren, vice president Bradford F. Swan. secretary Thomas R. Adams, assistant secretary Table of Contents Townes M. Harris. Ir .. treasurer Lawrence Lanpher, assistant treasurer Wo man in the News 1762·1770 ­ Albert T . Klyberg. direct or Sara h Updike Goddard Clifford P. Monahan. director emeritus by Nan cy Fisher Chu dacoff 99 Carl Bridenbaugh, fellow of the Society rU BLICATI ONS COMMITIEE The Gaspee Affair as Conspiracy Stuart C. Sherman, chairm an by Law rence J. De Va ro, Jr. 107 Henry L. P.Beckwith, Jr. Mrs. Ph ilip Davis Wendell Garrett John Innes Clark and His Family ­ Norman W.Smith Beaut iful People in Providence by Joseph K. O tt 123 ST AFF Joel A . Cohen, editor Noel P. Conlo n, managing editor Mildred C. Tilley, picture editor VOLU ME 32, NUM BER 4 N OV EM BER 1973 98 Sllmll Goddard -- for her first l.'l'nlu.e us book publisher »­ chose th" work of uno/her 'Iighty educated womun. Al411lOr Lady MIl'Y Wortley Montagu in her Tu rkish garb wOI,ld con­ trust strmlgel,lI with Su mh who w rote that only th" "ende<l ring ties of Nature . between a Parent and ,m only son " could hat'!' imf"ced her 10 leave Provid"'lce . ... "t. R s L ady M-y W-y M--Ic: Written. during her TU.VlLl in EUROPE, ASI A AND. AFRICA, T 0 p," " ~ JI . J..a,1o! ....wat'mg. l1b,~')' '" L"."ry C'" lC .. m . J C ka , l.. W.I1. M"~I,,,~ IBuffa!o. 1<;lQ11 , I'crfone of Diflinction, Men of Letters. Sec, ,. ,, ',t,I , in different P.\Rt's of EUROPE. I . , ,I WHI CH C ONTAIN, Amli>ng other CURIOUS Relations, I' j A CCOU N TS of the roLley and MANNERS -l: • of the TURKS; -,r'', :iI. , Drawn from Sources that hare been inacceffible 4 0 other T ravellers. - ----------- THE F O UR TH E D IT ION. P ROV ID F: SCE, in NEW.EN GLAND : Printed and fo ldby $ ,\ R .~II G OOD .... RD. and CO~(PAN'f . M, llCC,LXVI, 99 Woman in the News 1762-1770­ Sarah Updike Goddard by Nancy Fisher Chuda coff Participation of American women in the ur ban The first woman printer in Rhode Island wa s eco nomy of the colo nial period was an extension Ann Franklin, widow of James, Benjamin 's older of their dome stic du ties rath er than a manifes ta­ brother. James moved from Boston to Providence tion of economic and social inde pendence. in 1727, setting up the colony's first pre~ s . When Although co lon ial women had more legal rights he died in 1735. his widow continued the business tha n women in the nineteenth and twentiet h cen­ unt il her son James was able to assume the opera­ turies . colonials excluded most women from poli­ tio n. In 1758 James founded the Newport tics and higher educat ion and otherwise included Mercury . first newspaper in the colony. When he them in terms of the men in their lives - as wives, died in 1762. Ann ran the press and newspa per da ughters. and mothers - not as individuals. until her death the following yea r.' Nurture of the family remained women's basic Although Ann Franklin has been the subject of function even though physical limits of domestic seve ral articles. Rhode Island's o ther important activities reached beyond the household. female printer is relatively unknown. Cocums­ As Elizabeth Dexter has suggested. in an cussoc. Rhode Island. about 1700 was the birth­ economy where most business and crafts were place of Sarah Updike. Her great-grandfather wa s located in the home. many women probably aided Richard Smith. friend of Roger Williams and one husbands or fathers in their wo rk. In this way of Rhode Island's plantation owners . She. her wives and mothers served as apprentices and sisters. and brother Daniel-later att orney general became trained in a large number of fields. With of Rhode Islan d - received a thorough edu cation bu t few except ions most women who worked in fro m a tutor who lived in thei r father's house.' businesses did so only to help thei r husbands. sons More highly educated than most of her fema le con­ o r fathers. or because as widows or spinsters, temporaries. in 1735 she married Dr . Giles necessity forced them, Every colonial city Goddard of New London. During the years co ntained a number of these women who operated between her husband's death in 1757 and her own ta verns. inns. specialty sho ps. groceries an d book­ in 1770 Sarah made her contribution to the devel­ sto res. Women also became prominent in several opment of printing in Providence.' trades such as millinery. laundering and soap and Second largest city in Rhode Island in 1762. ca ndle mak ing. Printing, especially. had an impor­ Providence had long been ove rshadowed by tant female component which included Margaret Newport but was beginning to move toward Draper in Boston. Cornelia Bradford and Ann hegemony in slate affairs. The colony's Zenger in New York. Ann Franklin in Newport. politics-always a complicated situation- was and Sarah Goddard in Providence.' dominated by two factions. The Newport grou p. "Fo rme rly a ~~I ~t an t reference libr arian, Chicago Historica l Society. M~ . Chudawtf ha ~ been the Rhode I ~ Lu\(1 Historical ~IOCI"' Society's reference librarian 1971. 3 Carl R. Woodward, P/Ilnfation In YlJnlcet>/llnd ICh l"Stf'r. Conrecncur . PI"C(UOI Press. 1971 ) 120. W ilk i n~ Upd ike. History of ,h" EpiscoplJI Church in Nll fTlJg a"~l' tt . Sv . 1 Elizabeth Anthony Dexter, Col onilJl Women of Affllirs (8I»ton , Merrymount. 190712:504 . CNrll"S Wilson (Bosto n, Hough ton Mifflin. 193I) 166-179 . Opdyke, Op Dyck Gl"nealogy ( ~ t"W York . 1889 ) 87-Q4 2 Howard M , Ch.1pin . "An n Franklin. Printer:' AmeriClJn 4 Ward L M iner, W illiam Goddard , Newspaperman (Dur­ Collrcto r September 1926, 461-65 , ham, North Carolina : Duke Un ivervny Press . 1962 1II. 100 SARAH GODDARD led by Samuel Wa rd , had as its mouthpiece the ac .. we find the printer performing utilitarian Newport Mercury . Stephen Hopkins. spokesman serv ice to his neighbors ... which at the sam e time for the Providence group ha ndicapped by lac k o f a Imp roved the operation of the town machinery to journal. convinced young William Goddard to set an extent thai may only be appreciated by up a print ing press and newspaper.' recalli ng the conditions which existed before that William Goddard. son of Giles and Sa rah. was service had been made available."! ' In addition to born in New London, Connec ticut. in 1740, He continuing these services. Sarah acted as post­ began apprenticeship in 1755 in New Haven and master in her son's absence." later moved to New York where he completed Suspension of the Gazette coincided with a apprenticeship in 1761. In 1762 he set up shop in period. of crisis following passage of the St amp Providence with three hundred pounds in capital Act. most intensely disliked by printers because of invested by his mother." its heavy tax on publications and legal documents. Like other colonial printers. William resembled On August 24. 1765 the Gazette reappeared in a his contemporaries in the early days of European special issue under the imprint of S. and W. printing-he was printer, editor. publisher Goddard, significant in th at it dealt wholly with and bookseller. In addition to the Providence the Stamp Act and marked the first appearance of Gazette and Country Journal which began on Sarah's name in the business. October 20.1762. Goddard published an alm an ac. William meanwhile had joined the printing shop sold books. legal forms. paper and writing of John Holt in New York, but he visited Provi­ materials. In all of these activities he was assisted dence frequently. In March 1766 he revived the by his mother and sister Mary Katherine, both of Gazette.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • EXTENSIONS of REMARKS 14521 JORDAN of Idaho, Mcgee, METCALF, Moss, ADJOURNMENT to THURSDAY, James M
    June 2, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14521 JORDAN of Idaho, McGEE, METCALF, Moss, ADJOURNMENT TO THURSDAY, James M. Sullivan, Jr., of New York, to STEVENS, and YO"UNG of North Dakota. JUNE 5, 1969 be U.S. attorney for the northern district of New York for the term of 4 years, vice Justin Mr. BYRD of West Virginia. Mr. Presi­ J. Mahoney, resigning. dent, if there be no further business to U.S. MARsHM. AUTHORIZATION FOR SECRETARY come before the Senate, I move, in ac­ OF SENATE TO RECEIVE MES­ cordance with the previous order, that Frank M. Dulan, of New York, to be U.S. SAGES DURING ADJOURNMENT marshal for the northern district of New the Senate stand in adjournment until 12 York for the term of 4 years, vice James E. Mr. BYRD of West Virginia. Mr. Presi- o'clock noon on Thursday next. Byrne, Jr., resigned. dent, I ask unanimous consent that dur­ The motion was agreed to; and (at 1 James W. Norton, Jr., of North Carolina, ing the adjournment of the Senate from o'clock and 40 minutes p.m.) the Senate to be U.S. marshal for the eastern district of the close of business today until noon, took an adjournment until 12 o'clock North Carolina for the term of 4 vears vice Thursday next, the Secretary of the Sen­ noon, Thursday, June 5, 1969. Hugh Salter. - ' ate be authorized to receive messages Walter J. Link, of North Dakota, to be from the President of the United States U.S. marshal for the district of North Dakota NOMINATIONS f·or the term of 4 years, vice Anson J.
    [Show full text]
  • First Principles Foundational Concepts to Guide Politics and Policy
    FIRST PRINCIPLES FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS TO GUIDE POLITICS AND POLICY NO. 65 | DECEMBER 31, 2017 The Limits and Dangers of Civil Disobedience: The Case of Martin Luther King, Jr. Peter C. Myers Abstract At the heart of the American character is a seeming paradox: America is a republic of laws, yet it has a long tra- dition of civil disobedience. Martin Luther King, Jr., the most renowned advocate of civil disobedience, argued that civil disobedience is not lawlessness but instead a higher form of lawfulness, designed to bring positive or man-made law into conformity with higher law—natural or divine law. As King’s own legacy reveals, however, civil disobedience is complicated in its theoretical basis and problematic in its practical effects. It is justifiable, in exceptional circumstances, by the first principles of free, constitutional government, but it is dangerous in that it poses a threat to the rule of law. The judgment as to when circumstances warrant, along with the practice of civil disobedience itself, must be governed by the most careful prudential regulation. To gain our bearings amid today’s protests, characterized more by disruption and coercion than persuasion, we should look beyond contem- porary justifications and return to the best of King’s thinking—and beyond King, to the understanding of civil disobedience grounded in America’s first principles. Introduction own assistance, would shortly thereafter declare to At the heart of the American character, evident be revolutionary and justified by a law higher than since our nation’s birth, is a seeming paradox: Amer- any human law.1 Acutely aware of the turbulent his- icans take pride in our self-image as a republic of tory of republics,2 America’s revolutionary Found- laws and no less pride in our propensity toward righ- ers hoped that Americans would prove exceptional teous disobedience.
    [Show full text]
  • Continental Congress
    Acts What they did . Writs of Assistance allowed customs (British) officers to search any location for smuggled goods (especially ships) . Stamp Act taxed all printed material; newspapers, pamphlets, playing cards, and wills (Colonists rioted and boycotted British goods, smuggling) “ No taxation without Representation” British Acts Acts What they did Townshend Acts Tax on glass, tea, paper, lead (imported goods) Boycott of British Goods – Nonimportation Agreement Tea Act Law that let British East India Company bypass merchants to sell directly to colonists (Britain had excess tea that was not being purchased and they needed to get rid of it) Quartering Act Housing British troops http://images.metmuseum.org/CRDImages/dp/original/DP827936.jpg Boston Massacre • Redcoats set up camp in Boston to support the tax collectors who were being threatened by colonists • Redcoats acted rudely and violently • They were poor so they often stole from colonists • March 5, 1770 • Bostonians and Redcoats argue • Bostonians moved through the streets to the Customs House • British soldiers panic • A shot is fired • 5 Bostonians lay dead • Soldiers were arrested and tried for murder. • John Adams was the lawyer who defended them Boston Tea Party Because of the tea act, East India Company’s tea was cheaper than any other tea. The colonists again boycotted British goods to show their dislike of British tea control. Boston Tea Party Colonists in Boston and Philadelphia planned to stop the company’s ships from unloading. In all colonial ports except Boston, colonists forced the company’s ships to return to Britain. Boston Tea Party In Boston Harbor in December 1773, the royal governor ordered the tea unloaded.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gaspee Affair As Conspiracy by Lawrence J
    The Gaspee Affair as Conspiracy By Lawrence J. DeVaro, Jr. Rhode Island History, October 1973, pp. 106-121 Digitized and reformatted from .pdf available on-line courtesy RI Historical Society at: http://www.rihs.org/assetts/files/publications/1973_Oct.pdf On the afternoon of June 9, 1772, His Majesty's schooner Gaspee grounded on a shoal called Namquit Point in Narragansett Bay. From the time of their arrival in Rhode Island's waters in February, the Gaspee and her commander, Lieutenant William Dudingston, had been the cause of much commercial frustration of local merchants. Dudingston was insolent, described by one local newspaper as more imperious and haughty than the Grand Turk himself. Past accounts of his pettish nature followed him from port to port.[1] The lieutenant was also shrewd. Aware that owners of seized vessels — rather than navy captains deputized in the customs service — would triumph in any cause brought before Rhode Island's vice-admiralty court, Dudingston had favored the district vice-admiralty court at Boston instead, an option available to customs officials since 1768.[2] Aside from threatening property of Rhode Islanders through possible condemnation of seizures, utilization of the court at Boston invigorated opposition to trials out of the vicinage, a grievance which had irritated merchants within the colony for some time.[3] Finally the lieutenant was zealous — determined to be a conscientious customs officer even if it meant threatening Rhode Island's flourishing illicit trade in non-British, West-Indian molasses. Governor Joseph Wanton of Rhode Island observed that Dudingston also hounded little packet boats as they plied their way between Newport and Providence.
    [Show full text]
  • Tea Trade, Consumption, and the Republican Paradox in Prerevolutionary Philadelphia Jane T
    Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons History Faculty Publications History 2004 Tea Trade, Consumption, and the Republican Paradox in Prerevolutionary Philadelphia Jane T. Merritt Old Dominion University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/history_fac_pubs Part of the Political History Commons, and the United States History Commons Repository Citation Merritt, Jane T., "Tea Trade, Consumption, and the Republican Paradox in Prerevolutionary Philadelphia" (2004). History Faculty Publications. 29. https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/history_fac_pubs/29 Original Publication Citation Merritt, J. T. (2004). Tea trade, consumption, and the republican paradox in prerevolutionary Philadelphia. Pennsylvania Magazine of History & Biography, 128(2), 117-148. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ~£f ft"\ THE ~ Pennsylvania ~ OF HMO~YgA~~!r~\~APHY ~~~~~H=:;;;;;;~~~H~H~H~~~ Tea Trade, Consumption, and the Republican Paradox in Prerevolutionary Philadelphia N JANUARY 2, 1774, a usually cool and controlled William Smith 0 wrote heatedly to his trade partners in New York, "Vanderbelt has sent a parcell of his Trash to Town [per] White & Son wh [which] they confess is not good and are hurting us all by offering to fall the price. Mercer & Ramsay & myself have 4 Hhds [Hogsheads] I suppose of the same which am just told are come down ... from New York." He continued indignantly, "IfVanderbelt has Realy been guilty of Mixing his Tea & cannot be made to pay all damages for his Robbing the public & breaking all Mercantile faith, I think we have very little security for the Honor which is always suppos'd to subsist amongst Merchants had the thing happened here & been proved the Offender wd be consider'd in a most dispicable light."1 Smith's indignity over a merchant's lost honor had precedence.
    [Show full text]
  • Genealogy of the Fenner Family
    GENEALOGY OF THE Fenner Family -c^^o^. No ^ ^. ROOT. j-NewP(?-RT,K. I., ii^2: /] ('jlL 4{j6 [Reprinted from the Rhode Island Historical Magazine.] SKETCH OF CAPT. ARTHUR FENNER, OF PROVI- DENCE. A PAPER READ BEFOliE THE E. I. HISTORICAL SOCIETY, MARCH 23 AND APRIL 6, 1886, BY REV. J. P. ROOT. fLYMOUTH had its valiant Capt. Miles Standish. Prov- idence could boast of its brave and wise Capt. Arthur Fenner. If the former became more noted for his military exploits, the latter was more distinguished for commanding ability in the conduct of civil affairs. The Providence Cap- tain was less hasty and imperious in spirit than Standish, not so quick to buckle on the sword, but he may be pardoned for the possession of a more peaceable frame of mind. He certainly did not seek to make occasion for the practice of his military skill. It is generally admitted that Williams and the other colonists of our own plantation adopted and quite steadily pursued a more liberal and humane policy to- wards the Aborigines than prevailed in either of the colo- nies about her.( Fenner was not only a soldier, but was pos- sessed of statesmanlike qualities of no mean nature. He was also an expert engineer and^urveyDr. In his varied re- lations to town and colonial ^ife he shewed himself a man of admirable genius, with a mind well balanced and sagacious. His comprehensive qualities made him an energetic, shrewd and trustworthy leader in practical affairs. His age, midway between the older and the younger inhabitants, brought him into sympathy with men both of the first and second gen- erations.
    [Show full text]
  • Commonly Appearing Terms 1607-1763
    commonly Appearing Terms 1607-1763 Indentured Servants People who came to America and was placed under contract to work for another over a period of time, especially during the 17th and 19th centuries (ex. redemptioners, victims of religious or political persecution, people kidnapped, convicts and paupers) Proprietary, Royal, Charter Colonies Proprietary colony: any of certain colonies, as Maryland and Pennsylvania, that were granted to an individual group by the British crown and that were granted full rights of self-government Royal colony: a colony, as New York, administered by a royal governor and council appointed by the British crown, and having a representative assembly elected by the people charter colony: a colony, as Virginia, Massachusetts, connecticut, or Rhode Island, chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown Pilgrims/Separatists Pilgrims: a person who journeys, esp. a long distance, to some sacred place as an act of religious devotion Separatists: a person who separates, withdraws, or secedes, as from an established church Trade and Navigation Acts A series of laws which restricted the use of foreign shipping for trade between England and its colonies, started in 1651 Peter Zenger trial He printed a document that criticized William cosby, the Governor of New York; shortly afterwards, cosby had Zenger arrested on a charge of seditious libel; later found innocent of the seditious libel House of Burgesses The elected lower house in the legislative assembly in the New Worldestablished in the colony of Virginia in 1619 Mayflower Compact The first governing document of Plymouth colony, written by the colonists King Phillip's War An armed conflict between Native American inhabitants of present-day southern New England and English colonists and their Native American allies from 1675±1676.
    [Show full text]
  • The CONSTITUTIONS of CALIFORNIA and the UNITED STATES with Related Documents
    The CONSTITUTIONS of CALIFORNIA and THE UNITED STATES with Related Documents 2017–18 Edition Cover: Spring Flowers (Poppies and Lupine, Goleta Point), n.d. John Marshall Gamble Crocker Art Museum, Melza and Ted Barr Collection, 2008.102 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA, 1879 As Last Amended November 8, 2016 and Related Documents 2017–18 CALIFORNIA STATE LEGISLATURE LT. GOVERNOR GAVIN NEWSOM HON. ANTHONY RENDON President of the Senate Speaker of the Assembly HON. KEVIN DE LEÓN HON. KEVIN MULLIN President pro Tempore of the Senate Speaker pro Tempore JEAN FULLER HON. CHAD MAYES Minority Floor Leader Republican Leader DANIEL ALVAREZ E. DOTSON WILSON Secretary of the Senate Chief Clerk of the Assembly THE STATE FLAG The Bear Flag was designated California’s State Flag by legislative enactment in 1911. It is patterned after the historic flag flown at Sonoma on June 14, 1846, by a group of American settlers in revolt against Mexican rule in California. This short-lived revolution ended on July 9, 1846. The general design and details of the Bear Flag are set forth in Section 420 of the Government Code. FOREWORD The California Legislature is privileged to present this compilation of historic documents. Taken together, these compacts, treaties, and charters embody the ongoing evolution of our core principles of representative democracy. It is important to note that our state Constitution is a living document. It has been amended over 500 times since its adoption in 1879. Some recent amendments have included a change to California’s Term Limits law through the passage of Proposition 28 (2012), the California Legislature Transparency Act enacted by Proposition 54 (2016) enhances public access to the legislative process, and with the adoption of Proposition 25 (2010), the vote threshold to pass the state budget is now a majority vote.
    [Show full text]
  • See You in Seattle
    SPRING 2021 Vol. 115, No. 4 See You in Seattle The 2021 Congress Convenes Compatriot Stan Harrell donates copy of Rights of Man to SAR >>> <<< Country music star Ricky Skaggs inducted into SAR SPRING 2021 Vol. 115, No. 4 16 12 Young visitors view copy of the Rights of Man at SAR Genealogical Research Library ON THE COVER Clockwise from top left, Pike Place Market; Chihuly Garden and Glass; LeMay: America’s Car Museum; and Mount Rainier. 5 o Letters t the Editor 12 Cecil Stanford Harrell: 24 The Insurrection Act of 1807: Businessman, Patriot, A Military Perspective 6 2021AR S Congress in Renton, Philanthropist Washington 29 The “Almost Battle” 14 Daniel Boone Base Camp of Marshfield 8 A Big Year for Ricky Skaggs 250th Anniversary Series: State Society & Chapter News 9 Help Build the SAR Congress 16 30 Medals Collection The Gaspee Affair 40 In Our Memory/New Members 10 Selections from the SAR 20 Eleven Revolutions: Should Our Museum Collection Organization Be Renamed? 47 When You Are Traveling THE SAR MAGAZINE (ISSN 0161-0511) is published quarterly (February, May, August, November) and copyrighted by the National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, 809 West Main Street, Louisville, KY 40202. Periodicals postage paid at Louisville, KY and additional mailing offices. Membership dues include The SAR Magazine. Subscription rate $10 for four consecutive issues. Single copies $3 with checks payable to “Treasurer General, NSSAR” mailed to the HQ in Louisville. Products and services advertised do not carry NSSAR endorsement. The National Society reserves the right to reject content of any copy.
    [Show full text]
  • H. Doc. 108-222
    34 Biographical Directory DELEGATES IN THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS CONNECTICUT Dates of Attendance Andrew Adams............................ 1778 Benjamin Huntington................ 1780, Joseph Spencer ........................... 1779 Joseph P. Cooke ............... 1784–1785, 1782–1783, 1788 Jonathan Sturges........................ 1786 1787–1788 Samuel Huntington ................... 1776, James Wadsworth....................... 1784 Silas Deane ....................... 1774–1776 1778–1781, 1783 Jeremiah Wadsworth.................. 1788 Eliphalet Dyer.................. 1774–1779, William S. Johnson........... 1785–1787 William Williams .............. 1776–1777 1782–1783 Richard Law............ 1777, 1781–1782 Oliver Wolcott .................. 1776–1778, Pierpont Edwards ....................... 1788 Stephen M. Mitchell ......... 1785–1788 1780–1783 Oliver Ellsworth................ 1778–1783 Jesse Root.......................... 1778–1782 Titus Hosmer .............................. 1778 Roger Sherman ....... 1774–1781, 1784 Delegates Who Did Not Attend and Dates of Election John Canfield .............................. 1786 William Hillhouse............. 1783, 1785 Joseph Trumbull......................... 1774 Charles C. Chandler................... 1784 William Pitkin............................. 1784 Erastus Wolcott ...... 1774, 1787, 1788 John Chester..................... 1787, 1788 Jedediah Strong...... 1782, 1783, 1784 James Hillhouse ............... 1786, 1788 John Treadwell ....... 1784, 1785, 1787 DELAWARE Dates of Attendance Gunning Bedford,
    [Show full text]
  • The Muse of Fire: Liberty and War Songs As a Source of American History
    3 7^ A'£?/</ THE MUSE OF FIRE: LIBERTY AND WAR SONGS AS A SOURCE OF AMERICAN HISTORY DISSERTATION Presented to the Graduate Council of the North Texas State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By Kent Adam Bowman, B.A., M.A Denton, Texas August, 1984 Bowman, Kent Adam, The Muse of Fire; Liberty and War Songs as a Source of American History. Doctor of Philosophy (History), August, 1984, 337 pp., bibliography, 135 titles. The development of American liberty and war songs from a few themes during the pre-Revolutionary period to a distinct form of American popular music in the Civil War period reflects the growth of many aspects of American culture and thought. This study therefore treats as historical documents the songs published in newspapers, broadsides, and songbooks during the period from 1765 to 1865. Chapter One briefly summarizes the development of American popular music before 1765 and provides other introductory material. Chapter Two examines the origin and development of the first liberty-song themes in the period from 1765 to 1775. Chapters Three and Four cover songs written during the American Revolution. Chapter Three describes battle songs, emphasizing the use of humor, and Chapter Four examines the figures treated in the war song. Chapter Five covers the War of 1812, concentrating on the naval song, and describes the first use of dialect in the American war song. Chapter Six covers the Mexican War (1846-1848) and includes discussion of the aggressive American attitude toward the war as evidenced in song.
    [Show full text]
  • Seneca Falls and the Origins of the Women's Rights Movement
    Seneca Falls and the Origins of the Women’s Rights Movement PIVOTAL MOMENTS IN AMERICAN HISTORY Series Editors David Hackett Fischer James M. McPherson James T. Patterson Brown v. Board of Education: A Civil Rights Milestone and Its Troubled Legacy Maury Klein Rainbow’s End: The Crash of 1929 James M. McPherson Crossroads of Freedom: The Battle of Antietam Glenn C. Altschuler All Shook Up: How Rock ’n’ Roll Changed America David Hackett Fischer Washington’s Crossing John Ferling Adams vs. Jefferson: The Tumultuous Election of 1800 Colin G. Calloway The Scratch of a Pen: 1763 and the Transformation of North America Joel H. Silbey Storm over Texas: The Annexation Controversy and the Road to Civil War Raymond Arsenault Freedom Riders: 1961 and the Struggle for Racial Justice Seneca Falls and the Origins of the Women’s Rights Movement 32 Sally G. McMillen 1 2008 3 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright # 2008 by Sally G. McMillen Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press.
    [Show full text]