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Fighting from the Pulpit: Religious Leaders and Violent Conflict in Israel
Fighting from the Pulpit: Religious Leaders and Violent Conflict in Israel ∗ Michael Freedman Massachusetts Institute of Technology Revised and Resubmitted at Journal of Conflict Resolution Abstract Religious leaders greatly influence their constituents’ political behavior. Yet, it is un- clear what events trigger nationalist attitudes among religious leaders and why this effect occurs more among some religious leaders rather than others. In this paper, I examine the content of Israeli Rabbinic rhetoric during different military and political conflicts. Drawing on an original collection of Sabbath pamphlets distributed to Syna- gogues, I demonstrate that religious rhetoric is highly responsive to levels of violence for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. I find that religious rhetoric and tone are more nation- alist during conflict with the Palestinians, and that this effect is mediated by religious ideologies towards the state. In contrast, religious rhetoric does not respond to military conflict in Lebanon or other internal Israeli political conflicts. These findings highlight under what conditions religious leaders infuse conflict with a religious tone, arguably making it harder to gain support for political compromise among the religious public. Word Count: 10,120 ∗I thank Fotini Christia, Rich Nielsen, and Guy Grossman for their valuable guidance and comments on this paper. I also received valuable comments from Nadav Shelef, David Singer, In Song Kim, Elizabeth Dekeyser, Reid Pauly, and Yair Fogel-Dror. I also benefited from feedback received during the 2015 Ronald Coase Workshop and the MPSA 2016 conference. I received support for the project from the Israel Institute. 1 1 Introduction Ample evidence exists that citizens take cues from religious leaders when forming opinions about salient political issues (Grzymala-Busse, 2012; Djupe and Calfano, 2013; Masoud, Jamal and Nugent, 2016). -
Etzionupdate from Yeshivat Har Etzion
בסד Summer 5777/2017 etzionUPDATE from Yeshivat Har Etzion Etzion Foundation Dinner 2017 On Wednesday March 29, hundreds of when Racheli delivered words of thanks The dinner culminated with dancing, friends gathered for the annual Etzion and chizuk. All the honorees appeared in bringing together all the members of the Foundation Dinner. The Foundation was a video presentation that also featured Gush community – Ramim and alumni, proud to present the Alumnus of the Year Roshei Yeshiva, Ramim, peers, children parents and children all rejoicing arm in award to Rabbi Jeffrey Kobrin ’92PC and and talmidim. The videos can be viewed at arm. Yair Hindin ‘98 commented, “It‘s this Michelle Greenberg-Kobrin. Simcha and http://haretzion.org/2017-honorees sense of community that always pulses Barbara Hochman, parents of Ayelet ’11MO through the Grand Hyatt during the Gush Rosh Yeshiva Rav Mosheh Lichtenstein and Ariel ’13, were honored with the dinner, this sense of the common bonds we spoke nostalgically and passionately of Parents of the Year award. all share, that keeps me coming back year the early days of his family’s aliyah and after year.” The Dor l’Dor Award was given to the state of the Yeshiva upon their arrival. Rav Danny Rhein his daughter, Describing the present, he noted the near Before the dinner, a reception was held Racheli (Rhein) Schmell ’07MO, whose impossibility of imagining not only the honoring the alumni of ’96 and ’97 on their combined warmth exponentially impacts current success of Gush but also the ever- 20th anniversary. In honor of the occasion, the tone and flavor of both Yeshivat Har growing presence that Migdal Oz has on the students from those years formed Etzion and Migdal Oz. -
Milestones in Jewish Medical Ethics: Medical
Milestones in Jewish Medical Ethics Medical-Halachic Literature in Israel, 1948-1998 Mordechai Halperin, M.D. Main Chapters A. Definition of Concepts E. Third Decade 1. Introduction 1. The Dr. Falk Schlesinger Institute for 2. Medical Ethics Medical-Halachic Research 3. Jewish Medical Ethics 2. Assia 4. Medicine and Jewish Law 3. Moriah 5. Medicine and Halalcha 4. Mahanayim 6. Medicine & Judaism 5. Pathology and the Talmud 6. Lev Avraham B. Medical Halachic Literature: 7. Other Publications Ancient Times 1. From the Biblical Period through F. Fourth Decade the Eighteenth Century 1. Nishmat Avraham 2. From the Early Nineteenth Century 2. The Medical-Halachic Encyclopedia until the Establishment of the (Hebrew Edition) State of Israel 3. The Foundations of the Law Act - 3. Fifty Years of Statehood 1980 4. Judge Amnon Carmi and The Society C. First Decade for Medicine and Law in Israel 1. The Chief Rabbis: Rabbi Isaac 5. Technological Halachic Institutes Hertzog and Rabbi Ben-Tsiyyon 6. Additional Publications Meir Hai Uziel 7. The Jacobovits Center 2. Ha-Torah ve-Ha-Mdinah for Jewish Medical Ethics 3. Tsits Eli‘ezer 8. Special Lectures for Physicians 4. No‘am: Platform for Clarification of Halachic Problems G. Fifth Decade 5. Other Authorities 1. International Conferences in America and Israel D. Second Decade 2. Jewish Medical Ethics (JME) 1. First Bestseller: Shemirat Shabbat 3. Multimedia Halacha and Medicine ke-Hilchata 4. Precedents in Medicine and Law 2. Jewish Medical Ethics 5. Yael Shefer vs. The State of Israel 3. Tora She-be‘al Peh and Ha-Ma‘ayan 6. The Value of The State of Israel and The Patient Rights Act 7. -
Bringing the Israeli Home from Syria February 23, 2021 Rabbi Elie Weinstock
Bringing the Israeli Home from Syria February 23, 2021 Rabbi Elie Weinstock Israel announces Russian-brokered prisoner swap with Syria Little is known about why the woman entered Syria. Israeli media have said she is a former resident of an ultra-Orthodox West Bank settlement, but she has not been publicly identified. Syrian media said she accidentally entered Syrian territory after crossing from the Israeli-annexed Golan Heights. Official Syrian media first reported the emerging deal on Wednesday, saying that two Syrians were to be exchanged for the Israeli woman. The two Syrians were identified as Nihal al-Makt, who had been under house arrest in her village in the Israeli-annexed Golan Heights, and Ziyab Qahmouz, detained in 2016 and serving 14 years in Israeli jails. But the deal ran into complications after al-Makt and Qahmouz, who are both from the Golan, refused to be transferred to Syria…Syria’s SANA said late Thursday that two more Syrians — apparently the two shepherds — returned home to their villages in Quneitra province. AP News 2/28/21 Russia brokers unusual prisoner exchange between Israel and Syria But then there was a snag. One of the prisoners said he would rather remain in an Israeli prison for the 14 years left in his term than be deported to Syria, the Israeli officials say. However, Israeli soldiers had already been sent to the buffer zone between Israel and Syria in search of bargaining chips. They had waited for two shepherds to cross into an Israeli enclave and captured them. Barak Ravid, Axios 2/18/21 Israel Dodges Questions Over Vaccine-for-Prisoner Swap With Syria Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has sidestepped questions over whether his country agreed to pay Russia to provide coronavirus vaccines to Syria as a part of a prisoner swap between the two Middle Eastern countries…“I want to say that not even one Israeli vaccine went for this thing,” said Mr. -
JCT Develops Solutions to Environmental Problems P.O.BOX 16031, JERUSALEM 91160 ISRAEL 91160 JERUSALEM 16031, P.O.BOX
NISSAN 5768 / APRIL 2008, VOL. 13 Green and Clean JCT Develops Solutions to Environmental Problems P.O.BOX 16031, JERUSALEM 91160 ISRAEL 91160 JERUSALEM 16031, P.O.BOX NISSAN 5768 / APRIL 2008, VOL. 13 Green and Clean JCT Develops Solutions to Environmental Problems P.O.BOX 16031, JERUSALEM 91160 ISRAEL 91160 JERUSALEM 16031, P.O.BOX COMMENTARY JERUSALEM COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY PRESIDENT Shalom! opportunity to receive an excellent education Prof. Joseph S. Bodenheimer allowing them to become highly-skilled, ROSH HAYESHIVA Rabbi Z. N. Goldberg Of the many things sought after professionals. More important ROSH BEIT HAMIDRASH we are proud at JCT, for our students is the opportunity available Rabbi Natan Bar Chaim nothing is more RECTOR at the College to receive an education Prof. Joseph M. Steiner prized than our focusing on Jewish values. It is this DIRECTOR-GENERAL students. In every education towards values that has always Dr. Shimon Weiss VICE PRESIDENT FOR DEVELOPMENT issue of “Perspective” been the hallmark of JCT and it is this AND EXTERNAL AFFAIRS we profile one of our students as a way of commitment to Jewish ethical values that Reuven Surkis showing who they are and of sharing their forms the foundation from which Israeli accomplishments with you. society will grow and flourish - and our EDITORS Our student body of 2,500 is a students and graduates take pride in being Rosalind Elbaum, Debbie Ross, Penina Pfeuffer microcosm of Israeli society: 21% are Olim committed to this process. DESIGN & PRODUCTION (immigrants) from the former Soviet Union, As we approach the Pesach holiday, the Studio Fisher Ethiopia, South America, North America, 60th anniversary of the State of Israel and JCT Perspective invites the submission of arti- Europe, Australia and South Africa, whilst the 40th anniversary of JCT, let us reaffirm cles and press releases from the public. -
Electricity and Shabbat
5778 - bpipn mdxa` [email protected] 1 c‡qa HALACHIC AND HASHKAFIC ISSUES IN CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY 88 - ELECTRICITY & SHABBAT: PART 2 - MICROPHONES OU ISRAEL CENTER - SPRING 2018 A] THE HISTORICAL DEBATE 1878 Carbon microphone invented in the US. 1920 Significant development of microphone technology. 1940s R. Simcha Levy and the Halacha Commission for the RCA publish a decision permitting certain microphones on Shabbat and Yom Tov. 1951 Agudas HaRabbonim in the US issued a ruling prohibiting all use of microphones on Shabbat. 1954 Rav Soloveitchik spoke at the RCA conference against the use of microphones on Shabbat.1 c1970 Chief Rabbi of Israel, R. Isser Yehudah Unterman issued a psak permitting a use of a microphone on Shabbat within very specific guidelines.2 Rav Shaul Yisraeli3 issued a psak permitting certain microphones on Shabbat. c1995 Rav Yisrael Rozen of Zomet created the Zomet microphone. 1. SHABBAT MICROPHONES CATCHING ON AMONG ORTHODOX DESPITE TABOOS Jerusalem Post, May 5 2015 Ten years ago, the overflow crowd during the height of the summer season at Rabbi Marc Schneier’s synagogue in Westhampton Beach, New York, was so large it had to be housed in tents on the lawn outside. Acoustics were terrible, if not nonexistent, and many congregants decided to cease attending services because they felt disconnected from the activity inside. Turning to then-Israeli Chief Rabbi Yisrael Meir Lau and former Haifa Chief Rabbi She’ar Yashuv Cohen, Schneier was referred to Yisrael Rozen, a national-religious rabbi whose Zomet Institute in Alon Shvut had developed a Halacha- friendly sound system. Microphones, like the issue of separation of the sexes during prayers, had long been one of the dividing lines between Orthodox and Conservative congregations, with traditionalists shunning the technology as a violation of the legal norms regulating Shabbat observance. -
Abroad: Parshat Bamidbar) No 1627: 5 Sivan 5776 (11 June 2016
Shabbat-B'Shabbato – Parshat Nasso (Abroad: Parshat Bamidbar) No 1627: 5 Sivan 5776 (11 June 2016) AS SHABBAT APPROACHES "His G-d's Crown is on his Head" – Princes and Receiving the Torah - by Esti Rosenberg, Head of the Midrasha for Women, Migdal Oz One experience stands out in my head from my formative years – as a young girl I was coming home from the synagogue, my nostrils filled with the heavenly odor of "cholent," while I had one request: "Let's make Kiddush!" This of course was the blessing over the wine which opened the way for us to have a piece of cake, with a glass of cold cola. And Abba at his own pace, with his shiny face and faith filled with meaning would reply, "That is the basic dilemma of our lives. Who is in control? Do you control your stomach, or does your stomach control you?" This reply continues to accompany me in my life wherever I go. Eventually I found my father's advice in the Midrash – that the lives of the righteous people remain in their own hands, as opposed to the evil ones, who are under the influence of their own hearts. I can see an extension of the same idea with respect to a "nazir," who takes a vow to refrain from wine or any grape products. It is written, "One who makes a wondrous vow" [Bamidbar 6:2]. Avraham Ibn Ezra comments, "It is a remarkable act, since most people follow their lusts... And the nazir moves away from his lust in order to serve G-d, since wine corrupts the soul." Ibn Ezra summarizes the process through which the nazir passes as follows: "Know that all human beings are slaves of their own lusts, and the King really sets a royal crown on the head of anybody who frees himself from lust." We all live in tension between the physical and the spiritual. -
The Sacred Sulam Bridgingheaven and Earth
Parshat Vayetzei No 1651: 10 KIslev 5777 (10 December 2016) CLICK HERE TO DONATE TO THE RZA The Sacre d Sullam BriidgiingHe ave n and Earth Rabbii Jonathan Morgenstern Rabbii Of Young Israell of Scarsdalle, Scarsdalle, NY Earlyon in my own religious development, I gave a lot of thought to the idea of theideal religious life. As we see in the vision of Jacob's Ladder at thebeginning of Parashat VaYeitzi, is it a life devoted solely to Heaven, or is therea way to bridgeHeaven and Earth? There is no doubt that in contemplating Avodat Hashem,how best to serve God, the Chareidi “Torah only” approach has greatallure. To spend all day studying God’s word, through Torah learning,connecting to God, through Tefillah, and communing with God on Shabbat andHolidays, through a sweet mix of Torah, Tefillah and Zemirot can be intoxicating. This lifestyle had great appeal to me at an important crossroads in mylife. But as I continued to contemplate my path forward, I thought a lotabout my past as well. I come from generations and generations ofChassidic Rabbis. My grandfather sat at his father’s Tisch, as the son ofthe Rebbe, in Wengrow. Yet, through the hand of God, which saved my grandfather,sending him to Scotland, then England and, finally, settling in Chicago – wewere no longer Chassidic – we were Modern and Orthodox and that is how I was raised. In some cosmic way, I felt (and continue to feel) that it was God’s will that Iwas raised in the way that I was here and I wasn’t meant to transport myselfback to the way it was in Europe. -
1 "On the Limited Use of Electronics on Shabbat: Microwave Heating Of
"On the Limited Use of Electronics on Shabbat: Microwave heating of cooked foods and the reading and conversing on electronic devices." OH 305:18.2012d by Rabbi Elie Kaplan Spitz This paper was submitted, in November 2012, as a dissent to “The Use of Electrical and Electronic Devices on Shabbat” by Daniel Nevins. Dissenting and concurring papers are not official positions of the CJLS. A Preamble to a dissent On October 24, 2012 the CJLS discussed for several hours the teshuvah that follows and is now submitted as a dissent. The tenor of comments was largely personal practice, focusing on the need to keep Shabbat separate and distinct from the rest of the workweek. During those discussions Attorney Marc Gary, a representative of United Synagogue, rebutted that we cannot view electronic devices as necessarily anti- Shabbat. The terrain on which we live, he emphasized, is as much technology as nature, creating a need to distinguish between permitted and forbidden uses of technology on Shabbat. Mr. Gary concluded that reading a book on an electronic device is different than the creative act of writing and should be permitted. On the topic of reading devices, I now note that Rabbi Charles Simon in Conservative Judaism’s Kolot Magazine (Winter 2012) in an article entitled, “Can the People of the Book become the People of the IPAD?” wrote: “If we desire future generations of modern Jews to attend and become more learned and comfortable on Shabbat and holiday in our sanctuaries we need to recognize that the definition of book is changing from one which is printed on paper to one which is composed of pixels and we need to respond proactively.” As I will present in the dissent that follows the stated prohibition of using a reading device is largely a matter of trust. -
NEW!!! Introducing a New Section to Our Website. MEDIA RESOURCES
Parshat Ki Tissa (Parah) No 1665: 20 Adar 5777 (March 18, 2017) WANT TO BECOME A MEMBER? Membershiip: $50.00 CLICK HERE TO JOIN OR DONATE TO THE RZA Piillllar Membershiip:$180.00 We are iinthe process of collllectiing membershiip dues for 2017. Plleaseshow your support and jjoiin as a member or renew your membershiip at thiistiime. Relliigiious Ziioniists of Ameriica 305 Seventh Avenue, 12th Flloor, New York, NY 10001 [email protected], www.rza.org NEW!!! Introducing a new section to our website. MEDIA RESOURCES We are pleased tointroduce a media resource section for our RZA-Mizrachi website! This section ismeant to provide helpful resources for Israel related news, media, andadvocacy, as well as Torah resources. Please take a moment tosee what’s there. Kindly let us know if there are additional sites that weshould add to this list. Many thanks to RZAAryeh Fellow Alex Sachs for preparing this section. You can find our new section here. Humans of Israel Welcome to Humans of Israel! Created by RZA Aryeh-Fellows Jonathan Pedoeem, Ilan Atri, and Yishai Pearl Our team is dedicatedto increasing awareness of people that made a significant impact on Israelisociety, served in the IDF, and/or made Aliyah. While we were in Israelduring winter break, we sat down with our friends who made Aliya and talkedwith them about their journey. We listened and asked questions to understandwhy these people made these decisions and the difficulties they went through whileexecuting it. We took these interviews and are now sharing them with you to expose the truegreatness of our brothers and sisters who are making this journey. -
Technology and Jewish Life1,2 Manfred Gerstenfeld and Avraham Wyler
www.jcpa.org Published March 2006 Jewish Political Studies Review 18:1-2 (Spring 2006) Technology and Jewish Life1,2 Manfred Gerstenfeld and Avraham Wyler Technology continues to have a strong and specific impact on Jewish life. It has caused major social changes in various areas, such as the suburbanization of Jews, women's increased learning, and the possibility of participating in worldwide community activities. From a socio-halakhic viewpoint, technology influences Jews' choice of residence, has socialized and politicized kashrut certification, and has changed modes of Jewish study. The development of new technologies has brought with it many halakhic challenges and decisions, on Shabbat observance among other things. Technology may also stimulate better observance of the commandments. It influences Jewish thinking and is leading to new ways of presenting ancient concepts. From a philosophical viewpoint, Judaism proposes a way of life that is not subordinated to technology, unlike life in general society. This is mainly expressed in the domain of holiness. Developing a more detailed analysis of the interaction between technology and Jewish life will open new horizons for learning, studying, thinking, research, determining halakha, and making practical decisions. Introduction The concept that technology is double-faced, that is, its use can make human life better or facilitate greater evil, can already be found in the midrashic literature on the first chapters of Genesis. The number of interactions between Jewish life and technology is far too large to be systematically enumerated. One can only outline how diverse this interaction is, and show that it goes much further than its most- discussed element: the impact of new technology on observance of the Torah and mitzvot (commandments). -
Miracles in the Torah – a Study of Ibn Ezra and Ramban
שנה טובה לזכר נשמת ר‘ ישראל יצחק בן ר‘ צבי גדליהו ז‘ל נפטר ד‘ תשרי תשנ‘ז שנה טובה שנה טובה This edition of Degel is dedicated by Family Gedalla to mark the 20th Yahrzeit of ז"ל Mr Cecil Isaac Gedalla 4th Tishri 5757 שנה טובה CONTENTS Editor 4 Notes from the editor Elana Chesler ELANA CHESLER Founding Editor 5 Message from the Chief Rabbi Ben Elton CHIEF RABBI EPHRAIM MIRVIS Front cover illustration 6 Fast Thinking: Examples from Masechet Yoma Yolanda Rosalki BEN SAVERY Yolanda Rosalki is an 8 Shaalei Tzion (V) - Questions and Answers from Alei Tzion artist and illustrator. RABBI DANIEL ROSELAAR For more information on how her designs can 13 Rosh HaShana in the Torah: Remembering the Terua and the Revalation at enhance your simha, or Sinai if you wish to purchase RABBI NATHAN LAUFER the original of the front cover artwork, email: 16 The Significance of Halakha for the Theory and Practice of Jewish Ethics [email protected] RABBI ANTHONY KNOPF Cover layout 26 Psalm 130 – Ascent from the Depths Jonathan Levy ELANA CHESLER 28 Miracles in the Torah – A study of Ibn Ezra and Ramban . MOSHE DOVID SPITZER 35 To be immortal: a peek into Tanakh MICHAEL BLANK Degel is a publication of the Alei Tzion Community. Views expressed are not necessarily those of the Rav, community or editors. | www.aleitzion.co.uk Schaller House, 44a Albert Road, London, NW4 2SJ | [email protected] DEGEL: TORAH AND JEWISH STUDIES FROM ALEI TZION | 4 Notes from the editor e are grateful to Family Gedalla who chose to Continuing on the High Holy Day theme, this edition of honor the memory of Mr Cecil Gedalla by Degel includes a review by Ben Savery of a number of Wdedicating this edition of Degel in his name.