Dinosaurs Found at Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Dinosaurs Found at Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur WHAT DINOSAUR DID THESE BONES COME FROM? STUDENT RESOURCE 2019•2020 DINOSAURS FOUND AT CLEVELAND-LLOYD DINOSAUR QUARRY In the charts below you will find important information about the different types and species of dinosaur fossils excavated between 1960-1990 at the Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry in Emery County, Utah. ORNITHISCHIA SPECIES DIET SIZE WEIGHT ADULT FEMUR CLAWS JAW Camptosaurus dispar Hoof-like claws Toothless beak and Herbivore 24 feet long, 1,500 lbs. 10-20 inches long 4 feet tall on their hands small teeth along the and feet sides of its mouth. Stegosaurus armatus Hoof-like claws Toothless beak and Herbivore 30 feet long, 6,048 lbs. 15-25 inches long 9 feet tall on their hands small teeth along the and feet sides of its mouth. SAURISCHIA THEROPODA SPECIES DIET SIZE WEIGHT ADULT FEMUR CLAWS JAW Allosaurus fragilis Carnivore 35 feet long, 3,136 lbs. 15-25 inches long Sharp, clawed Sharp, pointed 16 feet tall hands teeth Ceratosaurus nasicornis Carnivore 20 feet long, 2,192 lbs. 12-20 inches long Sharp, clawed Sharp, pointed 6 feet tall hands teeth Stokesosaurus clevelandi Carnivore 13.5 feet long, 771 lbs. 26 inches long Sharp, clawed Sharp, pointed 6 feet tall hands teeth Torvosaurus tanneri Carnivore 33 feet long, 8,800 lbs. Unknown Sharp, clawed Sharp, pointed 14 feet tall hands teeth Marshosaurus bicentesimus Carnivore 20 feet long, 2,240 lbs. 21 inches long Sharp, clawed Sharp, pointed 8 feet tall hands teeth SAUROPODA SPECIES DIET SIZE WEIGHT ADULT FEMUR CLAWS JAW Barosaurus lentus 5 claws on each of its Herbivore 85 feet long, 44,000 lbs. 98 inches long Peg-like teeth in 40 feet tall legs. One of the claws the front of the jaw was long and sharp. Camarasaurus grandis 5 claws on each of its Herbivore 45 feet long, 44,800 lbs. 50-70 inches long Spoon-shaped teeth 23 feet tall legs. One of the claws lining its jaw was long and sharp. Version 10 ■ Last Updated August 28, 2019 ■ Questions? Contact [email protected] Natural History Museum of Utah ©2013-2020 1.
Recommended publications
  • Rule Booklet
    Dig for fossils, build skeletons, and attract the most visitors to your museum! TM SCAN FOR VIDEO RULES AND MORE! FOSSILCANYON.COM Dinosaurs of North America edimentary rock formations of western North America are famous for the fossilized remains of dinosaurs The rules are simple enough for young players, but and other animals from the Triassic, Jurassic, and serious players can benefit Cretaceous periods of the Mesozoic Era. Your objective from keeping track of the cards that is to dig up fossils, build complete skeletons, and display have appeared, reasoning about them in your museum to attract as many visitors as possible. probabilities and expected returns, and choosing between aggressive Watch your museum’s popularity grow using jigsaw-puzzle and conservative plays. scoring that turns the competition into a race! GAME CONTENTS TM 200,000300,000 160,000 VISITORS VISITORS PER YEAR 140,000 VISITORS PER YEAR 180,000 VISITORS PER YEAR 400,000 VISITORS PER YEAR Dig for fossils, build skeletons, and 340,000 VISITORS PER YEAR RD COLOR ELETONS CA GENUS PERIODDIET SK FOSSIL VISITORSPARTS 360,000 VISITORS PER YEAR PER YEAR attract the most visitors to your museum! VISITORS PER YEAR PER YEAR Tyrannosaurus K C 1 4 500,000 Brachiosaurus J H 1 3 400,000 ON YOUR TURN: TM SCAN FOR VIDEO Triceratops K H 1 3 380,000 RULES AND MORE! Allosaurus J C 2 Dig3 a first360,000 card. If it is a fossil, keep it hidden. FOSSILCANYON.COM Ankylosaurus K H 2 If it3 is an340,000 action card, perform the action.
    [Show full text]
  • Paleopathological Analysis of a Sub-Adult Allosaurus Fragilis (MOR
    Paleopathological analysis of a sub-adult Allosaurus fragilis (MOR 693) from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation with multiple injuries and infections by Rebecca Rochelle Laws A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Earth Sciences Montana State University © Copyright by Rebecca Rochelle Laws (1996) Abstract: A sub-adult Allosaurus fragilis (Museum of the Rockies specimen number 693 or MOR 693; "Big Al") with nineteen abnormal skeletal elements was discovered in 1991 in the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation in Big Horn County, Wyoming at what became known as the "Big Al" site. This site is 300 meters northeast of the Howe Quarry, excavated in 1934 by Barnum Brown. The opisthotonic position of the allosaur indicated that rigor mortis occurred before burial. Although the skeleton was found within a fluvially-deposited sandstone, the presence of mud chips in the sandstone matrix and virtual completeness of the skeleton showed that the skeleton was not transported very far, if at all. The specific goals of this study are to: 1) provide a complete description and analysis of the abnormal bones of the sub-adult, male, A. fragilis, 2) develop a better understanding of how the bones of this allosaur reacted to infection and trauma, and 3) contribute to the pathological bone database so that future comparative studies are possible, and the hypothesis that certain abnormalities characterize taxa may be evaluated. The morphology of each of the 19 abnormal bones is described and each disfigurement is classified as to its cause: 5 trauma-induced; 2 infection-induced; 1 trauma- and infection-induced; 4 trauma-induced or aberrant, specific origin unknown; 4 aberrant; and 3 aberrant, specific origin unknown.
    [Show full text]
  • Science WORK PACK SCIENCE
    SCIENCE SPECIFIC TOPICS FOR KEY STAGE 2 AGED 7 - 11 IN YEAR GROUPS 3 - 6 DINOSAURS science WORK PACK SCIENCE NOTES FOR TEACHERS SCIENCE-SPECIFIC TOPICS FOR KS2 CHILDREN AGED 7-11 IN YEAR GROUPS 3-6 Life Processes and Living Things G variation and classification G life processes G living things in their environment Mathematics / numeracy G arithmetic - addition G reasoning English / literacy G vocabulary extension General: The worksheets require: G observational skills G reading skills G arithmatic skills G The pupils need to apply some prior knowledge, but all the information required is on the sheets, posters or the actual exhibit, facilitating use on site or at school. G Specifically from the Dinosaur Family Tree worksheet, they will learn that organisms can be classified on the basis of their similarities, and that elementary arithmatic can be used to support (through quantification) observational (qualative) classification schemes. G Like with human families, family trees can be constructed over time periods.The Family Tree worksheet enables the children to place fifteen well known dinosaurs into a simplified Dinosaur Family Tree, by identifying (numerically) which line each individual sits on, and using the date given, its position on that line. G The tree also introduces the concept of geological time, and the large numbers used in its construction. Additionally, they will notice that geological time is divided and names given to those divisions. G The work can be extended, some children will notice that four distinct groupings of dinosaurs are formed as time blocks (Triassic, Late Jurassic, Early Cretaceous and Late Cretaceous).
    [Show full text]
  • The Fighting Pair
    THE FIGHTING PAIR ALLOSAURUS VS STEGOSAURUS — Allosaurus “jimmadsoni” and Hesperosaurus (Stegosaurus) mjosi Upper Jurassic Period, Kimmeridgian Stage, 155 million years old Morrison Formation Dana Quarry, Ten Sleep, Washakie County, Wyoming, USA. THE ALLOSAURUS The Official State Fossil of Utah, the Allosaurus was a large theropod carnosaur of the “bird-hipped” Saurischia order that flourished primarily in North America during the Upper Jurassic Period, 155-145 million years In the spring of 2007, at the newly-investigated Dana Quarry in the Morrison Formation of Wyoming, the team from ago. Long recognized in popular culture, it bears the distinction of being Dinosauria International LLC made an exciting discovery: the beautifully preserved femur of the giant carnivorous one of the first dinosaurs to be depicted on the silver screen, the apex Allosaur. As they kept digging, their excitement grew greater; next came toe bones, leg bones, ribs, vertebrae and predator of the 1912 novel and 1925 cinema adaptation of Conan Doyle’s finally a skull: complete, undistorted and, remarkably, with full dentition. It was an incredible find; one of the most The Lost World. classic dinosaurs, virtually complete, articulated and in beautiful condition. But that was not all. When the team got The Allosaurus possessed a large head on a short neck, a broad rib-cage the field jackets back to the preparation lab, they discovered another leg bone beneath the Allosaurus skull… There creating a barrel chest, small three-fingered forelimbs, large powerful hind limbs with hoof-like feet, and a long heavy tail to act as a counter-balance. was another dinosaur in the 150 million year-old rock.
    [Show full text]
  • Reference Site Taphofacies Lithology Paleontology Weathering Transport
    Reference Site Taphofacies Lithology Paleontology Weathering Transport Groups Allosaurus Ceratosaurus Torvosaurus Small Theropod Camarosaurus Apatosaurus Barasaurus Diplodocus Haplocathosaurus Brachyosaurus Mymo Stegosaurus Dryosaurus Heterodontosaurus Camptosaurus Pterosaurus Crocodiles Turtle Frogs Fish Lizards Sphenodont Mammals Snails Unionids coarse grained sand- articulated partial conglomerate, trough skeletons, associated cross-bedding, fining by largegly Kirkland, 2006 FPA Channel sandstone upward sequences disarticulated X X X X X X X fine to coarse sand with mud and carbonate clasts, Mass accumulations, Dodson, 1980 Bone Cabin Quarry Channel sandstone common, poorly to mostly disarticulated X X X X X X X X X X fine to coarse sand with mud and carbonate clasts, Mass accumulations, Dodson, 1980 Quarry 13 Channel sandstone common, poorly to mostly disarticulated X X X X X X fine to coarse sand with mud and Mass accumulation, I - 17; II - 30; III - 60; carbonate clasts, mixed high to low scrap -37 (Layton Dodson, 1980 Dinosaur NM Channel sandstone common, poorly to articulation 0-1 (Fiorillo, 1994) (1977) X X X X X X X X X X fine to coarse sand with mud and Mass accumulation, I - 1205, II - 712, III - carbonate clasts, mixed high to low 279 (Richmond and Richmond and Morrison,Dry 1998 Mesa Channel sandstone common, poorly to articulation Morrison) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X fine to coarse sand with mud and carbonate clasts, Mass accumulation, Evanoff and Carpenter, Felch1998 Quarry 1 Channel sandstone common, poorly to mostly
    [Show full text]
  • Cranial Anatomy of Allosaurus Jimmadseni, a New Species from the Lower Part of the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Western North America
    Cranial anatomy of Allosaurus jimmadseni, a new species from the lower part of the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Western North America Daniel J. Chure1,2,* and Mark A. Loewen3,4,* 1 Dinosaur National Monument (retired), Jensen, UT, USA 2 Independent Researcher, Jensen, UT, USA 3 Natural History Museum of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA 4 Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA * These authors contributed equally to this work. ABSTRACT Allosaurus is one of the best known theropod dinosaurs from the Jurassic and a crucial taxon in phylogenetic analyses. On the basis of an in-depth, firsthand study of the bulk of Allosaurus specimens housed in North American institutions, we describe here a new theropod dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Western North America, Allosaurus jimmadseni sp. nov., based upon a remarkably complete articulated skeleton and skull and a second specimen with an articulated skull and associated skeleton. The present study also assigns several other specimens to this new species, Allosaurus jimmadseni, which is characterized by a number of autapomorphies present on the dermal skull roof and additional characters present in the postcrania. In particular, whereas the ventral margin of the jugal of Allosaurus fragilis has pronounced sigmoidal convexity, the ventral margin is virtually straight in Allosaurus jimmadseni. The paired nasals of Allosaurus jimmadseni possess bilateral, blade-like crests along the lateral margin, forming a pronounced nasolacrimal crest that is absent in Allosaurus fragilis. Submitted 20 July 2018 Accepted 31 August 2019 Subjects Paleontology, Taxonomy Published 24 January 2020 Keywords Allosaurus, Allosaurus jimmadseni, Dinosaur, Theropod, Morrison Formation, Jurassic, Corresponding author Cranial anatomy Mark A.
    [Show full text]
  • A Century of Spinosaurs - a Review and Revision of the Spinosauridae
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Queen Mary Research Online A century of spinosaurs - a review and revision of the Spinosauridae with comments on their ecology HONE David William Elliott1, * HOLTZ Thomas Richard Jnr2 1 School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK 2 Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA Abstract: The spinosaurids represent an enigmatic and highly unusual form of large tetanuran theropods that were first identified in 1915. A recent flurry of discoveries and taxonomic revisions of this important and interesting clade had added greatly to our knowledge, however, spinosaur body fossils are generally rare and most species are known from only limited skeletal remains. Their unusual anatomical adaptations to the skull, limbs and axial column all differ from other large theropods and point to an unusual ecological niche and a lifestyle intimately linked to water. Keywords: Theropoda, Megalosauroidea, Baryonychinae, Spinosaurinae, palaeoecology E-mail: [email protected] 1 Introduction The Spinosauridae is an enigmatic clade of large and carnivorous theropods from the Jurassic and Cretaceous that are known from both Gondwana and Laurasia (Holtz et al., 2004). Despite their wide temporal and geographic distribution, the clade is known primarily from teeth and the body fossil record is extremely limited (Bertin, 2010). As such, relatively little is known about this group of animals, although their unusual morphology with regard to skull shape, dentition, dorsal neural spines and other features mark them out as divergent from the essential bauplan of other non-tetanuran theropods (Fig 1).
    [Show full text]
  • Second Discovery of a Spinosaurid Tooth from the Sebayashi Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Kanna Town, Gunma Prefecture, Japan
    群馬県立自然史博物館研究報告(21):1-6,2017 1 Bull.Gunma Mus.Natu.Hist(. 21):1-6,2017 Original Article Second discovery of a spinosaurid tooth from the Sebayashi Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Kanna Town, Gunma Prefecture, Japan 1 2 2 KUBOTA Katsuhiro, TAKAKUWA Yuji and HASEGAWA Yoshikazu 1Kanna Dinosaur Center: 51-2, Kagahara, Kanna, Tano, Gunma 370-1602, Japan ([email protected]) 2Gunma Museum of Natural History: 1674-1 Kamikuroiwa, Tomioka, Gunma 370-2345, Japan ([email protected]; [email protected]) Abstract: A fragment of an isolated tooth is described from the Lower Cretaceous Sebayashi Formation of the Sanchu Group. Its crown is almost round in cross section and shows distinctive flutes. Between the flutes, there are longitudinal finely granular structures. The distinctive carinae have poorly defined serrations. It is probably assigned as a spinosaurid theropod dinosaur and is the second report from Japan. This spinosaurid tooth is found from the higher stratigraphic horizon of the same formation than the first. The occurrences of spinosaurids from two horizons suggest that spinosaurids might have habituated this area during the deposit of the Sebayashi Formation. The dental comparison between Asian and other spinosaurids suggests that Asian spinosaurids may have unique dental characteristics and be different from any known spinosaurids, although the phylogenetic relationships between Asian and other spinosaurids (baryonychines and spinosaurines) are unclear. Key words: Dinosaur, Spinosauridae, Sebayashi Formation, Gunma Prefecture, Kanna Town Introduction Macro-sized and longitudinal ornamentation on the crown is characteristic in spinosaurids and had been called as crest, flute, A fragmentary dinosaur tooth was collected in a fossil- ridge, and striation (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • The Origin and Evolution of the Dinosaur Infraorder Carnosauria*
    PALEONTOLOGICHESKIY ZHURNAL 1989 No. 4 KURZANOV S. M. THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF THE DINOSAUR INFRAORDER CARNOSAURIA* Paleontological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Based on a revision of the systematic composition of the carnosaur families, a new diagram of the phylogenetic relationships within the infraorder is proposed. The question of carnosaurs cannot be considered to be resolved. Excluding the Triassic forms, carnosaurs in the broad or narrow sense have always been considered to be a group of theropods because they are only slightly different from them in fundamental features associated with large body size and a predatory lifestyle. The Late Triassic genera, such as Teratosaurus and Sinosaurus [33], were assigned to these on the basis of extremely meager material and without sufficient justification. This assignment has subsequently been rejected by most authors [13, 16, 17, 24, 25]. Huene [23] suggested that, along with the Sauropoda and Prosauropoda, the carnosaurs form a natural group Pachypodosauria, within which they are thought to be direct descendants of the prosauropods (the carnosaurs proceed directly from Teratosaurus through Magnosaurus). Studies of abundant cranial material (which actually belongs to Sellosaurus gracilis Huene) gave reason to think that the first species had been a prosauropod, whereas typical material (maxilla, ischium) belong to thecodonts from the family Poposauridae [24]. Huene’s diagram, which initially did not receive support, was widely propagated by the discovery of an unusual carnosaur Torvosaurus tanneri Galton et Jensen in the Upper Triassic deposits of Colorado [25]. The exceptionally plesiomorphic nature of some of its features, in the authors’ opinion, gave sufficient justification for removing them from the prosauropods.
    [Show full text]
  • A Juvenile Coelophysoid Skull from the Early Jurassic of Zimbabwe, and the Synonymy of Coelophysis and Syntarsus
    A juvenile coelophysoid skull from the Early Jurassic of Zimbabwe, and the synonymy of Coelophysis and Syntarsus Anthea Bristowe* & Michael A. Raath Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research, School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS, 2050 South Africa Received 23 September 2004. Accepted 5 December 2004 Several authors have drawn attention to the close similarities between the neotheropod dinosaurs Coelophysis and Syntarsus. Recon- struction and analysis of a skull from a juvenile specimen of Syntarsus (collected from the Forest Sandstone Formation of Zimbabwe) show that cranial characters previously used to distinguish these taxa and justify their generic separation (namely the presence of a ‘nasal fenestra’ in Syntarsus and the length of its antorbital fenestra), were based on erroneous reconstructions of disassociated cranial elements. On the basis of this reinterpretation we conclude that Syntarsus is a junior synonym of Coelophysis. Variations are noted in three cranial characters – the length of the maxillary tooth row, the width of the base of the lachrymal and the shape of the antorbital maxillary fossa – that taken together with the chronological and geographical separation of the two taxa justify separation at species level. Keywords: Dinosaurs, Neotheropoda, Coelophysoid, taxonomy, Triassic, Jurassic. INTRODUCTION Following the work of Gauthier (1986), these taxa were Ever since the theropod Syntarsus rhodesiensis was first suggested to belong to a monophyletic clade known as described (Raath 1969), a succession of authors have Ceratosauria. However, more recent works by a number commented on the close morphological similarity be- of authors (Sereno 1997, 1999; Holtz 2000; Wilson et al. tween it and Coelophysis bauri (Raath 1969, 1977; Paul 1988, 2003; Rauhut 2003) have re-evaluated theropod interrela- 1993; Colbert 1989; Rowe 1989; Tykoski 1998; Downs tionships.
    [Show full text]
  • The Endocranium of the Theropod Dinosaur Ceratosaurus Studied with Computed Tomography
    The endocranium of the theropod dinosaur Ceratosaurus studied with computed tomography R. KENT SANDERS and DAVID K. SMITH Sanders, R.K. and Smith, D.K. 2005. The endocranium of the theropod dinosaur Ceratosaurus studied with computed to− mography. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 50 (3): 601–616. A well preserved specimen of the theropod Ceratosaurus from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of western Colorado was recently described and given the name C. magnicornis. The systematics of the genus is outside the scope of the present study but, as a generally accepted basal tetanuran, the braincase was CT scanned to provide a description of the endocranium, inner ear, pneumatic, and venous sinus systems in a primitive member of this clade. Five major subregions of the theropod endocranium are distinguished for the purpose of simplifying cranial computed tomographic interpretation and to provide a systematic means of comparison to other endocrania. The skull morphology of Ceratosaurus influences the overall braincase morphology and the number and distribution of the major foramina. The low pontine angle and relatively unflexed braincase is considered a more primitive character. The orientation of the horizontal semicircular canal confirms a rather horizontal and unerect posture of the head and neck. As in birds, the narrower skull morphology of Ceratosaurus is as− sociated with fewer cranial nerve foramina. Additionally, the maxillary dominated dentigerous upper jaw of Ceratosaurus is felt to share with the alligator a large rostrally directed maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve and a small ophthalmic branch. The upper bill of birds, being dominated by the premaxillary and lacking teeth, is innervated predominantly by the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve.
    [Show full text]
  • Dinosaurs Found in Utah Record Chart
    UTAH’S DINOSAUR RECORD GEOLOGIC UTAH’S MESOZOIC TIME SCALE ROCK RECORD Southern Tyrannosaurus Torosaurus & Alamosaurus fauna Tyrannosaurus Alamosaurus ankylosaurid teeth long-horned 65 NORTH HORN FORMATION centrosaurines Maastrichtian Ornithomimus new chasmosaurines Hagryphus DINOSAUR Highest diversity North America ceratopsid & KAIPAROWITS FORMATION hadrosaurid fauna Gryposaurus Edmontonia EXTINCTION 75 Campanian new tyrannosaurids Parasaurolophus new tyrannosaurid First centrosaurines Diabloceratops WAHWEAP FORMATION - MASUK FORMATION & hadrosaurids new hadrosaurine pachycephalosaurs nodosaurids Santonian Upper STRAIGHT CLIFFS FORMATION Diverse tooth fauna Blue Gate Member MANCOS SHALE First ceratopsomorphs Coniacian Zuniceratops advanced nodosaurid National Monument Ferron Sandstone - Smoky Hollow Member Nothronychus hadrosauromorphs teeth Turonian Local extinction Pachycephalosaurid TROPIC SHALE. - Tununk Member MANCOS SHALE of sauropods Grand Sraircase - Escalante teeth ornithomimid DAKOTA FORMATION Asian immigration tiny Cenomanian ornithopod Eolambia Mussentuchit Member induced extinction tyrannosaurid and origin of North teeth tiny pleurocoelid 100 troodontid teeth American Late neoceratopsian teeth Animantarx brachiosaurid teeth Cretaceous dinosaur Albian fauna Ruby Ranch Cedarpelta Member Isolation of North Tennontosaurus nodosaurids America resulting Abydosaurus in local extinctions pleurocoelid Deinonychus and increased Acrocanthosaurus brachiosaurids Aptian FORMATION endemism Nedcolbertia new camarasaurid Poison Strip Sandstone
    [Show full text]