DOCSLIB.ORG

Peter and the Wolves • Plaid Hold Ceredigion • Gaelic Tele

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

No. 109 Spring 2000 £2.00 • Erika’s Oilspill - French State Responsible • The North - Peter and the Wolves • Plaid hold Ceredigion • Gaelic Television Developments • Agan Yeth - Cornish Language Studies • ‘Cultural Theft’ of Chronicles of Mann • War Gam es Threat to Air Routes ALBA: COM ANN CEILTEACH • BREIZH: KEVRE KELTIEK • CYMRU: UNDEB CELTAIDD • EIRE: CONRADH CEILTEACH • KERNOW: KESUNYANS KELTEK • MANNIN: COMMEEYS CELTIAGH (Education). Bhiodh sin BEd (Foghlam) ann an Alba. Tha tri sruthan sa chursa. Seo agaibh iadsan:- (1) Tro mheadhan na Beurla le beagan dhe Chuimris. Ach cha ceadaich e do teagasg ach a-mhiin tro mheadhan na Beurla, cha do ghabh Albannach sam bith uidh ann. (2) Sruth tro mheadhan na Cuimris, le gach teagasg, obair sgriobhte agus greis- sgoile sa Chuimris. De thuirt Sir lain Noble air BBC2 “Cunntas" ach, “San Fhraing teagaisidh iad a h-uile cuspair tro mheadhan na Fraingis agus is e a' chiad oran a chuala mi riamh. sinne an ginealach Gáidhlig mu deireadh an urrainn daibh Beurla ionnsachadh.” “Chan eil mo leannan ann a seo” gu Athall agus feadh iomadh áitean eile feadh Chan e Sir lain fear de na daoine a Sh-araidh an séisd aige:- Alba!" sgrlobh an aithisg. Cha do bhean e rithe ‘S i o al o al o al am Abair gun deachaidh na facail oillteil seo idir, ach seo barail eile. ‘S i o al o al o al am tre mo chridhe coltach ri biodag. (3) B’fhe&rr le luchd na h-aithisg an treas ‘S i o al o al o ai am Fad láithean mo bhcatha bha eagal orm sruth far a bheil 50% sa Chuimris ‘S ¡o al am ‘s i h-aurum. gun robh ar cánain agus ar dualachas a’ dol (bhiodh sin sa Gaidhlig ann an Alba) “B’abhaist do m’athair ga sheinn agus á bith oir chunnaic mi gun robh an agus 50% ann am Beurla. Bhiodh na mise air a ghlüinean... Abair gun robh mi fheadhainn óg a' fás suas gun fhacail h-oileanaich soirbheachail ceadaichte a nam ghiullan óg óg sna laithean ud. Gáidhlig nan ceann, eadhon nuair a bha i theagaisg tre na Cuimris agus tre Beurla Sheinneadh e dhomh air a’ chuid as lugha aig na paraman aca. cuideachd. Tadhailidh na h-oileanaich tri drain a h-uile latha. Ach chaidh na bliadhnachan seachad agus Oilthigh Limerick ann an Eirinn fad Uaireannan bhiodh sinn a’ dol air chuairt leis a sin chaidh an Impireachd cola-deug airson eblas a thoirt air agus chuireadh e ceistean orm a thaobh a h- Bhreatannach leis an t-sruth coltach ris a hrainneachd dha-chananach. Paighidh a’ uile cail san dol seachad. Latha agus bha h-uile impireachd Eorpach eile agus bha am Cholaisde a' chosgais! Chuireadh cursa sinn a’ dol seachad air eóin. Margadh Coitcheann na h-Eorpa an láthair. mar sin tre na Gaidhlig agus Beurla air “Seall dhomh a' bhuidheag,” arsa esan. Bhon a bha i ¡orna cánanach cha robh cail bhonn bun-tomhas no standard ann, Cha robh sin doirbh bhon a bha ach aon ceárr a thaobh dá-chánanaehas. airson teagaisg a’ chursa agus sgtl nan eun buidhe ri fhaicinn! Mata, latha de na láithean, thachair mi ri oileanach. Latha bha sinn a’ coiseachd tre choille Fionnlagh nan Croileagan (Fionnlagh Abair gum bheil na sgoilearan Cuimreach agus thoisich m’athair a’ buaileadh craobh MacLeóid). Fad bliadhnachan bha e ag fialaidh a thaobh aiseirigh na Gaidhlig, agus theirear litir mar Dar airson Darach a’ obair air na beairt-ola agus a’ caomhnadh a taing don eolas a fhuair iad a’ sabhaladh na ciallachadh D, no Beith airson B direach h-uile sgillin ruadh oir bha fios aige gu Cuimris. Feumaidh sinn a’ d^anamh mar a tha craobhan na h-aibidíl Gháidhlig ri fagadh e an obair seo agus a dh’fhaighinn a- cinnteach gum bi na h-Albannaich feadh fhaicinn an diugh aig Aros faisg air Port- mach na bha feumail mu Gháidhlig a Alba le chdilc filcanta sa Gaidhlig agus ann righ. shabhaladh. am Beurla. Dh’aithriseadh e sgeul dhomh nuair a bha Mu dheireadh thall thuig Fionnlagh coir Gu cinnteach, tha mdran againn ri mi dol nam laigh a h-uile oidhche bhon a gun robh an fhreagairt sa Chuimris bhon is i dhdanamh ach tha fios againn a-nisd na tha bha mi sia bliadhna a dh’aois gus an do ann an aon düthaich Cheil teach far an robh feumail ri dheanamh taing do na Colaisdean chaochail e nuair a bha mi dusan bliadhna a a' chánain dualchasach láidir beothail. Chuimreach. dh'aois. Bha móran dhiubh air Chaidh Fionnlagh coir gu ruige Cuimrigh Gillcasbuig MacMhuirich eachdraidhean nam fineachan Gáidhleach agus an sin dh’ionnsaich e gun robh e Gilleasbuig Lachlainn ‘Uleasbuig no mu lain Lom no Caisteal Inbhir feumail naoidhein eadar dá bhliadhna gu Lochaidh agus mar sin air adhart. leth agus cóig bliadhna a bhith cluich sa Summary Gach latha fóille am baile Pheairt no Blar Gháidhlig cómhla, roimh dhol don sgoil aig This tells o f the immense debt owed by Gabhra bhiodh ceilidh anns an taigh againn aois cóig bliadhna. Le sin tháinig na Scottish language enthusiasts to Welsh le oran is sgeulachdan is fealla-dhá; is croilleagan agus CNSA air an educationalists over the years for their help dannsadh ri puirt-a-beul agus a h-uile cail sa stéidheachadh. and advice as to how language can be Gháidhlig. Bhoineadh m’athair do Rud eile, dh'ionnsaich Fionnlagh nach successfully revived. But it will take a vast Ardnamurachan. biodh aiseirigh na Gáidhlig fhileanta mur eil effort on our part to have Gaelic as strong Gu nadarra, bha mi cinnteach gum biodh i air a teagaisg tre na Gáidhlig agus leis a in Scotland as Welsh is in Wales and a lot an saoghal seo maireannach ‘s a bhiodh e a’ sin tháinig sin tre mheadhan na Gáidhlig ge more exertion before every person in seasamh gu latha-luain agus gu brath. Gun b’oil leis an Achd 1872. Scotland is as fluent in Gaelic as they are in teagamh tha an fheadhainn óg daonnan a’ Mata, bliadhnachan an deidh sin, rinn English, smaoineachadh sin. Albannaich eile an turas gus a’ Chuimrigh Thuirt mi rudeiginn mar sin ri Gáidheal air lorg fiosrachadh a thaobh teagaisg na Gaelic spoken in parliament air choireigan aig ceilidh an taigh mo Gáidhlig. pharantan agus dh’fhas e gu flor bronach. Có iad ach deichnear a dh’fhoillsich For the first time in more than 600 Bha deóirean sna süilean aige. aithisg, “Teagasg ann am Foghlam tro years the Gaelic language was heard in a “A bhróinein, seo far a bheil thu fada Mheadhan na Gáidhlig: Molaidhean Scottish Parliament recently. ceárr bhon a tha ar cánain a’ dol a Leasachaidh”, airson GTC (General The packed public galleries at the dholaidh,” arsa esan, “bha na diücan Athaii Teaching Council for Scotland) am Edinburgh Parliament applauded as the daonnan déidheil air ar cánain ach an deidh bliadhna. Gaelic Minister, Mr Alasdair Morrison, Chüil-lodair chaill iad an cumhachd aca Chaidh iad gu Coiaisde na Trianaid, got to his feet to open the debate and to agus sa bhliadhna 1872 bha Achd Carmarthen, sa Chuimrigh bhon a tha i cho welcome the opportunity for the first Párliamaid ann a dh’órdaich teagasg tro ainmeil a thaobh an dá-chánanachas. discussion in the language in the new Bheurla a-mháin, feadh Alba. Le sin, is Tairgidh a’ Cholaisde cursa BA parliament since devolution a year ago. Language Debate Gaelic Television Developments Following the publication in Cam 107 of the articles The Missing Link and A t the annual Gaelic broadcasting broadcast media and other areas of language Parent's Perspective along with the seminar held in Inverness in planning. This would be a great loss. publication of a letter in Carn 108 (pg. 10) A February, Scotland Office Minister Loss of control over the one area of I have received a number of responses from Brian Wilson hinted that a Gaelic television broadcasting under Scottish control would members of the Alba branch, and one from channel might become a reality within five remove what could be otherwise be used as Cymru with a Welsh perspective. years. While this news was warmly a wedge to lever further devolution of It is clear that all correspondents are welcomed, less welcome was the Minister’s broadcasting power from the UK very sincere activists working for the suggestion that responsibility for funding Government to the Scottish Executive. Gaelic language and that the differences Gaelic broadcasting should be moved from Continued Holyrood control of Gaelic appear to me to be reconcilable. It is not the Scottish Parliament to Westminster. Mr broadcasting would leave open the possible to deal with this matter in such Wilson stated that “we have to ask possibility of the use of a future Gaelic detail in Carn, as it would take up three realistically, whether the required levels of television channel as a Scottish national pages. These issues would be perhaps better funding are ever likely to come from the broadcasting service to rival the Scottish discussed in Celtic League national resources of the Scottish Executive, with all content of BBC Scotland and the ITV newsletters. the competing claims on it.” companies. Adequately funded, subtitled, The Celtic League’s position in regard to At present the funding of Gaelic high quality Gaelic television programmes the promotion of Celtic medium language broadcasting through the Gaelic would be accessible to all Scots and would schools, Celtic units and the teaching of the Broadcasting Committee is the only power be able to rival the meagre and often Celtic languages has been shown in AGM over broadcasting enjoyed by the Scottish parochial Scottish programmes on the motions and in support of various Parliament.
Recommended publications
  • Lecture 01 Intro to Arch Technology

    Lecture 01 Intro to Arch Technology

    WELCOME ARCH 1121 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY Photo: Alexander Aptekar © 2010 CLASS CONDUCT 1) PLEASE TURN OFF CELL PHONES, BLACKBERRY’S ETC. FOR THE ENTIRE DURATION OF THE CLASS. 2) PLEASE TURN OFF ALL IPODS, ETC. 3) PLEASE NO EATING OR DRINKING DURING CLASS. 4) PLEASE BE CONSIDERATE OF OTHERS, RESPECT IS KEY TO YOUR PROFESSIONAL CAREERS AND DAILY LIVES. 5) THE CLASS WILL START PROMPTLY ON SCHEDULE, PLEASE BE PREPARED. ARCH 1121 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY INTRODUCTION TO CLASS Professor: W. Valdez Email: [email protected] • Syllabus Review. • What is architecture, technology and ecology? • How do we describe architecture? • Prehistoric Architecture (Post and Lintel) • Egypt and Mesopotamia Architecture • The architecture of Crete, Greece, Rome and Pre-Columbian • Early, Architecture of Europe, Africa, China, and Japan • The architecture of the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, 18th and 19th Century design and the, modern movements. ARCH 1121 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY GRADING There will be throughout the semester. • Regular in class problems or quizzes or projects. 30% • Writing assignments 20% • A mid-term examination 15% • A final exam or project 20% • Notebooks 5% • Class participation. 10% • Vocabulary list + 100% ARCH 1121 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY Rhythm / Scale In order to gauge architectural aesthetics we are required to consider the following: Scale: Relationship between building size and human scale and Rhythm: Elements repeated surroundings. (solids, voids, projections . ) ARCH 1121
  • Manx Gaelic and Physics, a Personal Journey, by Brian Stowell

    Manx Gaelic and Physics, a Personal Journey, by Brian Stowell

    keynote address Editors’ note: This is the text of a keynote address delivered at the 2011 NAACLT conference held in Douglas on The Isle of Man. Manx Gaelic and physics, a personal journey Brian Stowell. Doolish, Mee Boaldyn 2011 At the age of sixteen at the beginning of 1953, I became very much aware of the Manx language, Manx Gaelic, and the desperate situation it was in then. I was born of Manx parents and brought up in Douglas in the Isle of Man, but, like most other Manx people then, I was only dimly aware that we had our own language. All that changed when, on New Year’s Day 1953, I picked up a Manx newspaper that was in the house and read an article about Douglas Fargher. He was expressing a passionate view that the Manx language had to be saved – he couldn’t understand how Manx people were so dismissive of their own language and ignorant about it. This article had a dra- matic effect on me – I can say it changed my life. I knew straight off somehow that I had to learn Manx. In 1953, I was a pupil at Douglas High School for Boys, with just over two years to go before I possibly left school and went to England to go to uni- versity. There was no university in the Isle of Man - there still isn’t, although things are progressing in that direction now. Amazingly, up until 1992, there 111 JCLL 2010/2011 Stowell was no formal, official teaching of Manx in schools in the Isle of Man.
  • Farming Is Changing Updated in June 2021

    Farming Is Changing Updated in June 2021

    Farming is Changing Updated in June 2021 1 Contents Foreword 3 Overview 4 The Basic Payment Scheme, delinked payments and lump sums 6 Agri-environment schemes 10 Animal health and welfare 17 Prosperity and productivity 19 Regulation and enforcement 22 Annex: Summary of new schemes 23 2 Foreword Farming is more than a job. We must cherish the deep personal connection felt by farmers to the landscape, animals and wildlife they care for, and build upon it in the way we support them. This is an exciting time for English farming. We will be phasing out Direct Payments and introducing a new system that rewards farmers and land managers while delivering additional public goods that improve the environment. Changes of this signifcance can be intimidating, and it is natural that many farmers are worried about the phasing out of Direct Payments. We will move to the new system gradually, and make changes where needed if the new policies do not work as intended. It is vital that farmers have time to adapt. We have committed to maintaining the current annual budget in every year of this Parliament. This means funds from Direct Payments will be redirected straight back into Countryside Stewardship and our new schemes. The same amount will be available to the sector, though the way it is distributed will change. We will create cleaner, greener landscapes and we hope to reverse species decline and improve biodiversity signifcantly. At the same time, we will help food producers to stay competitive, helping our farmers to produce the high-quality food that they are renowned for while protecting and enhancing the environment on which a sustainable, productive future depends.
  • In the Third Millennium

    In the Third Millennium

    I.M. MADALENO FAO/20862/R.Messori Cities of the future: urban agriculture in the third millennium fter the Industrial according to this design in France, Germany, Revolution, urbanites the United Kingdom and the United States, became separated from usually directly linked to heavy industries nature, confined as they and well-known private enterprises (e.g. were to narrow indoor Krupps or Pullman). By the end of the spaces, and prevented century, the Spanish visionary Arturo Soria Afrom feeling the soil under their feet by y Mata expressed his notion of the ideal city modern transportation and urban through a particular form of garden city, i.e. infrastructures. The residence and the linear in shape (Terán, 1982). Residences workplace became separated. Although the were surrounded by woodland and had urban sprawl spread to consume many horticultural spaces and family gardens. The formerly rural spaces, some green areas British planner Ebenezer Howard theorized persisted inside metropolitan areas. Isabel Maria Madaleno has a a concentric model of a garden city, similar The first type of planned urbanization to the satellite towns and green belts of Ph.D. in Human Geography created to bring people closer to nature was twentieth-century cities. the garden city of the nineteenth century, and works at the Instituto de Even so, urban agriculture was seen as designed for low population densities. Small an oxymoron until the 1980s. With the Investigação Científica Tropical houses were surrounded by a garden and evolution of environmental sciences, urban public green spaces were conceived for the (Tropical Institute), Lisbon, planners began to emphasize the whole urban community.
  • Considerations for Reducing Food System Energy Demand While Scaling up Urban Agriculture

    Considerations for Reducing Food System Energy Demand While Scaling up Urban Agriculture

    Considerations for reducing food system energy demand while scaling up urban agriculture Article Published Version Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 (CC-BY) Open Access Mohareb, E., Heller, M., Novak, P., Goldstein, B., Fonoll, X. and Raskin, L. (2017) Considerations for reducing food system energy demand while scaling up urban agriculture. Environmental Research Letters, 12 (12). 125004. ISSN 1748- 9326 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa889b Available at http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/74000/ It is advisable to refer to the publisher’s version if you intend to cite from the work. See Guidance on citing . Published version at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa889b To link to this article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa889b Publisher: Institute of Physics All outputs in CentAUR are protected by Intellectual Property Rights law, including copyright law. Copyright and IPR is retained by the creators or other copyright holders. Terms and conditions for use of this material are defined in the End User Agreement . www.reading.ac.uk/centaur CentAUR Central Archive at the University of Reading Reading’s research outputs online Environmental Research Letters LETTER • OPEN ACCESS Considerations for reducing food system energy demand while scaling up urban agriculture To cite this article: Eugene Mohareb et al 2017 Environ. Res. Lett. 12 125004 View the article online for updates and enhancements. This content was downloaded from IP address 134.225.69.187 on 05/12/2017 at 11:19 Environ. Res. Lett. 12 (2017) 125004 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa889b
  • Pdf Shop 'Celtic Gold' in Peel

    Pdf Shop 'Celtic Gold' in Peel

    No. 129 Spring 2004/5 €3.00 Stg£2.50 • SNP Election Campaign • ‘Property Fever’ on Breizh • The Declarationof the Bro Gymraeg • Istor ar C ’herneveg • Irish Language News • Strategy for Cornish • Police Bug Scandal in Mann • EU Constitution - Vote No! ALBA: COM.ANN CEILTFACH * BREIZH: KFVTCF KELT1EK * CYMRU: UNDEB CELTA DD * EIRE: CON RAD H GEILTE AC H * KERNOW: KtBUNYANS KELTEK * MANNIN: COMlVbtYS CELTIAGH tre na Gàidhlig gus an robh e no I a’ dol don sgoil.. An sin bhiodh a’ huile teasgag tre na Gàidhlig air son gach pàiste ann an Alba- Mur eil sinn fhaighinn sin bidh am Alba Bile Gàidhlig gun fheum. Thuig Iain Trevisa gun robh e feumail sin a dhèanamh. Seo mar a sgrìohh e sa bhli­ adhna 1365, “...dh’atharraich Iain à Còm, maighstir gramair, ionnsachadh is tuigsinn gramair sna sgoiltean o’n Fhraingis gu TEACASG TRE NA GÀIDHLIG Beurla agus dh’ionnsaich Richard Pencrych an aon scòrsa theagaisg agus Abajr gun robh sinn toilichte cluinntinn Inbhirnis/Inverness B IVI 1DR... fon feadhainn eile à Pencrych; leis a sin, sa gun bidh faclan Gaidhlig ar na ceadan- 01463-225 469 e-mail [email protected] bhliadhna don Thjgheama Againn” 1385, siubhail no passports again nuair a thig ... tha cobhair is fiosrachadh ri fhaighinn a an naodhamh bliadhna do’n Righ Richard ceann na bliadhna seo no a dh’ aithgheor thaobh cluich sa Gàidhlig ro aois dol do an dèidh a’Cheannsachaidh anns a h-uile 2000. Direach mar a tha sinn a’ dol thairis sgoil, Bithidh an t-ughdar is ionadail no sgoil gràmair feadh Sasunn, tha na leana- air Caulas na Frainge le bata no le trean
  • Cultivating the Capital Food Growing and the Planning System in London January 2010

    Cultivating the Capital Food Growing and the Planning System in London January 2010

    Planning and Housing Committee Cultivating the Capital Food growing and the planning system in London January 2010 Planning and Housing Committee Cultivating the Capital Food growing and the planning system in London January 2010 Copyright Greater London Authority January 2010 Published by Greater London Authority City Hall The Queen’s Walk More London London SE1 2AA www.london.gov.uk enquiries 020 7983 4100 minicom 020 7983 4458 ISBN This publication is printed on recycled paper Cover photograph credit Paul Watling Planning and Housing Committee Members Jenny Jones Green, Chair Nicky Gavron Labour, Deputy Chair Tony Arbour Conservative Gareth Bacon Conservative Andrew Boff Conservative Steve O'Connell Conservative Navin Shah Labour Mike Tuffrey Liberal Democrat The review’s terms of reference were: • To assess how effectively the planning system supports and encourages agriculture in London, with a focus on land use for commercial food growing; and • To establish what changes could be made to the planning system to foster agriculture and encourage more food to be commercially grown in the capital. Assembly Secretariat contacts Alexandra Beer, Assistant Scrutiny Manager 020 7983 4947 [email protected] Katy Shaw, Committee Team Leader 020 7983 4416 [email protected] Dana Gavin, Communications Manager 020 7983 4603 [email protected] Michael Walker, Administrative Officer 020 7983 4525 [email protected] 6 Contents Chair’s foreword 9 Executive summary 11 1. Introduction and background 13 2. The importance of agriculture 16 3. Agriculture and the planning system 21 4. Other measures to promote economic viability 32 5.
  • Planning Food Waste

    Planning Food Waste

    Planning food waste MSc-thesis in Spatial Planning Elina Sirén v v v Wageningen University 2013 This thesis is written as a final assignment for the master Landscape Architecture and Planning, specialization Spatial Planning, at Wageningen University Wageningen, September 2013 Droevendaalsesteeg 3 6708 PB Wageningen The Netherlands Supervisor: dr. ir. Gerrit-Jan Carsjens Land Use Planning Group Wageningen University Second reviewer: prof. dr. Arnold van der Valk Land Use Planning Group Wageningen University Examiner: prof. dr. ir. Adri van den Brink Chair, Land Use Planning Group Wageningen University Author: Elina Sirén Reg. No. 870429-764-230 Course: MSc Thesis Land Use Planning (LUP-80436) 36 ECTS “What is wasted by society is the direct and opposite expression of what is valued. As a way of understanding the material basis of civilisations, nothing could be more telling.” (Steel, 2008, p.259) Abstract Urban food strategies aim to connect the various food related pub- lic domains within a city region, such as spatial planning, environ- ment and public health. Food strategies are slowly becoming part of the work of spatial planners and food system planning a legitimate field of planning research. However, the emphasis in planning re- search has been mainly on the production, processing and retail parts of the food chain, while research on food waste is lacking. The purpose of this study was to explore ways in which spatial planning could facilitate the recycling of household food waste in urban are- as, taking into account the concept of urban food strategies. The research involved two case studies in London (UK) and Toronto (Canada).
  • Download PDF 98.26 KB

    Download PDF 98.26 KB

    L’ EMSAV DANS LA LITTÉRATURE BRETONNE CONTEMPORAINE Il est impossible de parler de la littérature bretonne sans que la politique fasse immédiatement intrusion, et politique, dans ce cas, signifie avant tout le rapport au mouvement nationaliste breton, à l’Emsav . Le simple fait d’écrire en breton constitue déjà, pour la plupart des écrivains bretons, une option politique fondamentale. Beaucoup d’entre eux se considèrent comme des partisans livrant un combat désespéré contre une puissance étrangère vouée à la totale annihilation de leur identité ethnique. Leurs efforts, au cours du siècle qui touche à sa fin, ont souffert des erreurs commises, dans la perpective du devenir historique, par certains de leurs prédécesseurs. A la fin des années trente, la direction du Parti National Breton (P.N.B.), communément appelé aussi Breiz Atao [Bretagne toujours], du nom de son journal, était passée dans les mains d’hommes prêts à employer n’importe quels moyens pour réaliser leur but”: une Bretagne totalement indépendante, totalement coupée du joug de la France. A l’exemple des rebelles irlandais de 1916 (et l’exemple de la victoire irlandaise fut un motif déterminant dans leur choix), ils s’étaient tournés vers l’Allemagne. Après la défaite française de 1940, les espoirs qu’ils avaient placés dans une victoire allemande furent vite déçus. L’Allemagne victorieuse trouva plus expédient de traiter avec le gouvernement de Vichy, qui ne demandait qu’à collaborer avec elle. A la fin de 1940, le P.N.B. était coupé en deux factions. La majorité, sous la conduite des leaders les plus modérés, tenta d’abord de négocier avec Vichy, puis, lorsque la victoire des Alliés apparut certaine, avec les Anglo-américains.
  • Réécriture De L'histoire En Bretagne

    Réécriture De L'histoire En Bretagne

    RÉÉCRITURE DE L’HISTOIRE EN BRETAGNE Dossier rédigé par Marie-Madeleine Flambard, André Hélard, Françoise Morvan et la section de Rennes de la Ligue des Droits de l’Homme Décembre 2000 Le dossier qui suit a été constitué afin de faire part de nos inquiétudes face à un certain nombre de faits dont la conjonction nous semble de nature à faire évoluer la situation en Bretagne dans un sens difficilement compatible avec les idéaux démocratiques qui sont les nôtres. Les quelques cas que nous donnons pour exemple montrent que, loin de concerner une minorité de militants, les faits que nous mettons en lumière impliquent des institutions, le monde de l’entreprise et de nombreuses personnalités . Pourquoi l’affirmation d’une “identité bretonne” devrait-elle se doubler de l’occultation de la vérité historique et de la négation de valeurs universelles ? Les procès Barbie, Touvier, Papon, ont eu une valeur pédagogique et une dimension éthique ; la lecture de notre passé commun devrait valoir pour ce qui s’est passé en Bretagne comme pour ce qui s’est passé ailleurs. Or, il est clair que certains aspects de la période de l’occupation sont systématiquement occultés en Bretagne comme pour préserver l’image du “mouvement breton” qui s’est alors coupé de la population par une collaboration résolue avec l’occupant. Mais pourquoi les dérives nationalistes ne devraient-elles pas apparaître sous le jour qui est le leur ? Nous pensons que la volonté délibérée de minimiser des événements, de tronquer des faits ou de les passer sous silence relève d’une politique qu’il importe d’analyser.
  • Istanbul Archeology Museum

    Istanbul Archeology Museum

    Prehistoric Architecture-Fragile tent-like structures of poles covered with hides or thatched reeds. Hunters and gatherers / Nomads / Migratory Predator Nomadic housing - permanent structures were impractical, looking for sources of food The Strong Man's house Scotland Early Cave Settlers, Seljuk, Turkey Dates: circa 30,000 BCE Source: Istanbul Archeology Museum. Primitive Farming Culture, Seljuk, Turkey Dates: circa 8,000 BCE Source: Istanbul Archeology Museum Anchorites Tufa Pinnacle, Cappadoccia, Turkey Dates: 600 BC to present Source: The House Book, Phaidon Publishers, 2005. Blackfoot Indian Teepee, Montana Dates: 1900. Source: The House Book, Phaidon Publishers, 2005. Galician Celts Palloza, Galicia, Spain Dates: 200 BC Source: The House Book, Phaidon Publishers, 2005. Inuit Igloo, New Foundland, Canada Dates: 3000 BC to present. Source: The House Book, Phaidon Publishers, 2005. Kyrgyz Yurt, Xingiang, China Dates: Unknown to Present. Source: The House Book, Phaidon Publishers, 2005. Loess Han Cave House, Shanxi, China Dates: 500 AD to Present. Source: The House Book, Phaidon Publishers, 2005. Maasai Enkang Hut, Kenya Dates: Unknown Duration. Source: The House Book, Phaidon Publishers, 2005. Mad’han “Madrif”, Tigres-Euphrates Delta Dates: 1000 BCE to present. Source: The House Book, Phaidon Publishers, 2005. Neolithic Orkney Islanders, Skara Brae”, Scotland Dates: 2000 BCE on. Source: The House Book, Phaidon Publishers, 2005. Provencale Farmers, “Dry Stone Borie”, France Dates: 1st Century BCE. Source: The House Book, Phaidon Publishers, 2005. Sami “Goatte”, Finland Dates: Traditional Housing. Source: The House Book, Phaidon Publishers, 2005. Shetland Islands “Moussa Broche”, Scotland Dates: 600 BCE to Middle Ages. Source: The House Book, Phaidon Publishers, 2005. Syrian Farmers, “Idlib” Houses Dates: 6000 BCE to present.
  • Download PDF 455.73 KB

    Download PDF 455.73 KB

    RENÉ GALAND THE HISTORY OF A CALLING MEVEN MORDIERN'S AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL WRITINGS [NOTE : chapters of this monograph have appeared in the following publications: Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium , vol. V (1988), pp. 172-186; Bretagne et pays celtiques (Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 1992), pp.497-510 ; Al Liamm , niv. 288 (1995), pp. 38-51 ; Al Liamm , niv. 294 (1996), pp. 22-49 ; Al Liamm , niv. 296-297 (1996), pp. 243-263 ; Al Liamm , niv. 298 (1996), pp. 360-381 ; Al Liamm , niv. 300 (1997), pp. 59-78 ; Al Liamm , niv. 301 (1997), pp. 162- 190. The chapters published in the Breton literary journal Al Liamm have appeared under the Breton form of my name, Reun ar C’halan ] 4 CHAPTER ONE MEVEN MORDIERN'S UNPUBLISHED MEMOIRS Meven Mordiern is recognized today as one of the foremost authors in the history of Breton literature. In many ways, he is quite exceptional. He was not a native speaker of Breton. He was not born in Brittany. He did not even have Breton parents. His real name was René Leroux, and he was born in Bordeaux, in 1878, the son of an army doctor. He later studied at the Lycée Condorcet, in Paris. In his childhood, however, he became passionately interested in the history and the culture of the Celts, to such an extent that he devoted his entire life to their study, eventually adopting the Breton name Meven Mordiern. His published works fully justify his preeminent place in the history of Breton literature (Yann Bouëssel du Bourg et Yann Brekilien, "La littérature bretonne", in La Bretagne , Yann Brekilien, ed.[Paris: Les Editions d'Organisation, 1982], pp.