ILLUSTRATIONS
Charles Darwin. Watercolor by George Richmond, courtesy of Down House and the Royal College of Surgeons of England Frontispiece The development of the ant. From Jan Swammerdam, Historia insectorurn generalis 6 Albrecht von Haller. Line engraving by P. F. Tardieu from portrait by E. J. Handmann, courtesy of the Wellcome Institute Library, London 9 Charles Bonnet. Engraving by J. Caldwall after J. Juel for Thornton’s Sexual System of Linnaeus, courtesy of the Wcllcome Institute Library, London 11 Goethe’s illustration of the ape intermaxillary bone, from Goethe, Die Schriften zur Naturwissenscbaft:Morpbologiscbe Hefte 32 Goethe’s illustration of the human intermaxillary bone, from Goethe, Die Scbrgten zur Natumuhenscbaft: Morphologiscbe Hefte 33 Lorenz Oken. Etching by M. Steinla after a portrait by J. Koux, courtesy of the Wellcome Institute Library, London 41 Friedrich Tiedemann. Engraving by F. Rosmaesler after a portrait by J. Koux, courtesy of the Wellcome Institute Library, London 44 Johann Friedrich Meckel. Line engraving by Y
Schleuen after a portrait by Graf, courtesy of the Wellcome Institute Library, London 51 9 Georges Cuvier. Stipple engraving after a portrait by J. Thomson, courtesy of the Wellcome Institute Library, London 53 10 Karl Ernst von Baer. Engraving courtesy of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University 58 11 Jean-Raptiste de Lamarck. Stipple engraving by Ambroise Tardieu after a portrait by Roilly, courtesy of the Wellcome Institute Library, London 66 12 Charles Lyell. Lithograph by T H. Maguire, courtesy of the Wellcome Institute Librav, London 68 13 Robert Edmond Grant. Lithograph by T. H. Maguire, courtesy of the Wellcome Institute Library London 71 14 Joseph Henry Green. Lithograph by J. H. Lynch after a sketch by G. F. Teniswood, courtesy of the Wellcome Institute Library London 76 15 Charles Darwin. Photograph courtesy of Down House and the Royal College of Surgeons of England 88 16 Erasmus Darwin. Portrait by Joseph Wright, courtesy of‘ the National Portrait Gallery London 93 17 Richard Owen. Engraving after a daguerreotype, courtesy of the Wellcome Institute Library, London 100 18 Tree of Animal Development, from Martin Barry in Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal 109 19 Darwin’s sketch of a descent tree, courtesy of Cambridge University Library 110 20 Illustrations of homocercal and heterocercal fish tails, from Darwin’s copy of William Carpenter, Principles of Comparative ILZustrations xi
Physiolom courtesy of Cambridge University Library 117 21 Salmon embryo, from Louis Agassiz and Carl Vogt, Histoire naturelle des poisons d’eau douce 118 22 Fossil fish, from Louis Agassiz, Monographie des poisonsfossiles du view gris rouge, ou systthe Devonim 119 23 Louis Agassiz. Photograph courtesy of the Library, Woods Hole Research Institute 122 24 Richard Owen. Mezzotint by €1, J. Thaddeus, courtesy of the Wellcome Institute Library, London 128 25 Owen’s vertebrate archetype, from William Carpenter, Principles of Comparative Physiology 130 26 Illustrations of crustacean and barnacle, from Charles Darwin, A Monograph of the Sub-class Cirripedia: 7he Lepadidae 138 27 Illustrations of adult barnacles, after Darwin, from William Carpenter, Principles of Comparative Physiology 139 28 Sketch of von Baer’s theory of development, from Darwin’s notes, courtesy of Cambridge University Library 141 29 Thomas Henry Huxley Portrait by John Collier, courtesy of the National Portrait Gallery, London 147 30 Illustrations of human and dog embryos, from Charles Darwin, Descent of Man 162 31 Ernst Haeckel. Photograph courtesy of Haeckel- Haus, Jena 173 32 Charles Darwin. Portrait by John Collier, courtesy of the National Portrait Gallery, London 178