Four Tourists Discovering Hong Kong's Harbourfront: A
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Four Tourists Discovering Hong Kong’s Harbourfront: A Reevaluation of the Waterfront of Victoria Harbour Elizabeth Lacarra Alfred Scott M. Andrew Zayac Xinyue Zhong February, 2014 Four Tourists Discovering Hong Kong’s Harbourfront: A Reevaluation of the Waterfront of Victoria Harbour An Interactive Qualifying Project Report Submitted to the Faculty of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science Elizabeth Lacarra Alfred Scott M. Andrew Zayac Xinyue Zhong Report Submitted to: Professor Constance Clark [Advisor] Professor Zhikun Hou [Co-Advisor] Worcester Polytechnic Institute and Paul Zimmerman [Sponsor] Designing Hong Kong Harbour Business Forum February, 2014 This report represents work of WPI undergraduate students submitted to the faculty as evidence of a degree requirement. WPI routinely publishes these reports on its web site without editorial or peer review. For more information about the projects program at WPI, see http://www.wpi.edu/Academics/Projects. 1 Abstract The purpose of this project was to reevaluate the accessibility, connectivity, and vibrancy of Victoria Harbour, Hong Kong. Through observations, population counts, mapping and gathered questionnaire survey results, general conclusions and specific improvements for each of the 19 districts of the harbour were determined. This was done in order to provide short, medium, and long term recommendations to the sponsors, Designing Hong Kong and Harbour Business Forum. These recommendations are to be used in implementation of future improvements to the Victoria Harbourfront. 2 Acknowledgements First and foremost, our team would like to express gratitude to Designing Hong Kong and Harbour Business Forum for providing the opportunity to conduct research in Victoria Harbour and for supporting us throughout the project. Within this organization we would like to especially recognize Paul Zimmerman, Margaret Brooke, Roger Nissim, and Dr. Sujata Govada for their assistance to our team. We would also like to thank Centamap of Hong Kong for their allowance in letting our project team utilize their maps. Additionally, we would like to extend our thanks to our advisors, Professor Clark and Professor Hou, from Worcester Polytechnic Institute, for their continuous guidance and support throughout the project. We would also like to thank all those who took the time to complete our questionnaire survey. Finally, we greatly appreciate Worcester Polytechnic Institute for providing us with the unique opportunity to travel and work in Hong Kong. 3 Table of Authors Title Page ………………………………………………………………………………… (Beth) Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………… (Beth) Table of Tables…………………………………………………………………………… (Beth) Table of Figures …………………………………………………………………………. (Beth) Executive Summary ………………………………………… (Alfred, Andrew, Beth, Xinyue) Introduction ………………………………………………….. (Alfred, Andrew, Beth, Xinyue) Background ………………………………………………….. (Alfred, Andrew, Beth, Xinyue) Methodology ……………………………………………………………………………... (Beth) Results……………………………………………………...… (Alfred, Andrew, Beth, Xinyue) Analysis …………………………………………………..….. (Alfred, Andrew, Beth, Xinyue) Recommendations …………………….………………….… (Alfred, Andrew, Beth, Xinyue) Final Conclusions………………………………………………………………………… (Beth) References ……………………………………………………………………………… (Alfred) Appendix A ………………………………………………….……………………………. (Beth) Appendix B …………………………………………………………………………… (Andrew) Appendix C…………………………………………………………………………….. (Xinyue) Appendix D …………………………………………………………………….. (Andrew, Beth) Appendix E …………………………………………………………………………… (Andrew) Appendix F …………………………………………………………………….. (Andrew, Beth) Appendix G ……………………………………………………………………. (Andrew, Beth) Appendix H …………………………………………………………………………… (Andrew) Appendix I ……………………………………………………………………… (Andrew, Beth) Appendix J …………………………………………………………………………….. (Xinyue) Appendix K …………………………………………………………………………….. (Xinyue) Appendix L …………………………………………………………………………….. (Xinyue) 4 Table of Contents Abstract ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................. 3 Table of Authors ....................................................................................................................................... 4 Table of Contents ..................................................................................................................................... 5 Table of Tables ....................................................................................................................................... 15 Table of Figures ..................................................................................................................................... 16 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................... 19 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 22 2. Background ........................................................................................................................................ 26 2.1 A Brief History of Victoria Harbour ............................................................................................ 26 2.2 Reclamation for the Harbourfront .............................................................................................. 30 2.2.1 Central and Wan Chai Reclamation................................................................................... 32 2.3 Transit within Hong Kong ........................................................................................................... 34 2.3.1 Mass Transit Railway ........................................................................................................... 34 2.3.2 Bus Transportation ............................................................................................................... 36 2.3.3 Minibus Transportation ........................................................................................................ 36 2.3.4 Pedestrian Transportation ................................................................................................... 37 2.4 Tourism ......................................................................................................................................... 38 2.5 Plans for Improvement ................................................................................................................ 39 2.6 Harbour Revitalization ................................................................................................................. 40 3. Methodology ....................................................................................................................................... 42 3.1 Division of Districts ...................................................................................................................... 43 3.2 Data Collection ............................................................................................................................. 44 3.2.1 Accessibility ........................................................................................................................... 45 3.2.2 Connectivity ........................................................................................................................... 47 3.2.3 Vibrancy ................................................................................................................................. 49 3.3 Data Comparison ......................................................................................................................... 51 3.4 Questionnaire Survey.................................................................................................................. 51 3.4.1 Survey Participants .............................................................................................................. 52 3.4.2 Questionnaire Survey .......................................................................................................... 52 4. Results ................................................................................................................................................ 53 5 4.1 Kowloon East ............................................................................................................................... 53 4.1.1 Lei Yue Mun .......................................................................................................................... 53 4.1.2 Kwun Tong ............................................................................................................................ 56 4.1.3 Kai Tak ................................................................................................................................... 60 4.2 Kowloon Central........................................................................................................................... 62 4.2.1 Hong Hum ............................................................................................................................. 63 4.2.2 Tsim Sha Tsui ....................................................................................................................... 66 4.3 Kowloon West .............................................................................................................................