DOCSLIB.ORG

Web 2.0 for Geospatial Collaboration Stéphane Roche, Boris Mericskay, Wided Batita, Matthieu Bach, Mathieu Rondeau

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Web 2.0 for Geospatial Collaboration Stéphane Roche, Boris Mericskay, Wided Batita, Matthieu Bach, Mathieu Rondeau WikiGIS Basic Concepts: Web 2.0 for Geospatial Collaboration Stéphane Roche, Boris Mericskay, Wided Batita, Matthieu Bach, Mathieu Rondeau To cite this version: Stéphane Roche, Boris Mericskay, Wided Batita, Matthieu Bach, Mathieu Rondeau. WikiGIS Basic Concepts: Web 2.0 for Geospatial Collaboration. Future internet, MDPI, 2012, 4 (1), pp.265-284. 10.3390/fi4010265. halshs-02309571 HAL Id: halshs-02309571 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02309571 Submitted on 9 Oct 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Future Internet 2012, 4, 265-284; doi:10.3390/fi4010265 OPEN ACCESS future internet ISSN 1999-5903 www.mdpi.com/journal/futureinternet Article WikiGIS Basic Concepts: Web 2.0 for Geospatial Collaboration Stéphane Roche 1,*, Boris Mericskay 1, Wided Batita 1, Matthieu Bach 2 and Mathieu Rondeau 3 1 Centre for Research in Geomatic, Pavillon Casault, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V0A6, Canada; E-Mails: [email protected] (B.M.); [email protected] (W.B.) 2 Fujitsu Canada, 2000, boulevard Lebourgneuf, bureau 300, Québec, QC G2K0B8, Canada; E-Mail: [email protected] 3 Interdisciplinary Centre for the Development of Ocean Mapping–CIDCO, 310 allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L3A1, Canada; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-418-656-7841; Fax: +1-418-656-7411. Received: 7 November 2011; in revised form: 22 February 2012 / Accepted: 23 February 2012 / Published: 13 March 2012 Abstract: With the emergence of Web 2.0, new applications arise and evolve into more interactive forms of collective intelligence. These applications offer to both professionals and citizens an open and expanded access to geographic information. In this paper, we develop the conceptual foundations of a new technology solution called WikiGIS. WikiGIS’s strength lies in its ability to ensure the traceability of changes in spatial-temporal geographic components (geometric location and shape, graphics: iconography and descriptive) generated by users. The final use case highlights to what extent WikiGIS could be a relevant and useful technological innovation in Geocollaboration. Keywords: GeoWeb; Web 2.0; Geocollaboration; Wiki; Public Participation GIS 1. Introduction The convergence of the Web 2.0 and geospatial technologies to develop participatory solutions completely changed the perception and use of geographic information, and provides a growing number of users with the possibility to interact with maps and data. The GeoWeb, introduced in the mid-90s by Herring [1] has now become also contributory (populated by users). On the one hand, geospatial Future Internet 2012, 4 266 technologies combine to achieve complementarity (interoperability of tools and formats, development of location-based systems, etc.); and on the other hand, the uses of the Web 2.0 and associated technologies develop into more mature types of participation, based upon information sharing and collaborative work [2]. The transition from consultation to content interaction introduced the concept of volunteered geographic information (VGI), which characterizes the location-based contents that are generated, increased and updated by users [3]. Associated to new web-based online mapping applications such as Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), Web-mapping in its “2.0” form enables users not only to read but also to write maps collectively [4,5]. The new applications resulting from the combination of distributed services and data (mashups) evolve towards more interactive forms of collective intelligence. Mashups between content management systems (CMS or Wiki) and geographic services grow following the example of Wikimapia, OpenStreetMap, Google MapMaker, ArgooMap, Geodeliberator, etc. [6,7]. However, these new “collaborative” mapping applications are still too limited to meet the demands of Geocollaboration: failure to track the spatio-temporal evolutions of user-generated geometric objects (positioning, shape, descriptive attributes, visual attributes), and lack of relevant metadata to qualify these data. The present paper aims at providing the basic concepts of WikiGIS, a new type of geospatial collaborative tool. WikiGIS results from three major paradigm shifts regarding the production and diffusion of geographic information (for further details see [8]). The first paradigm shift “from top- down to bottom-up” refers to the development of Public Participation GIS (PPGIS). The second paradigm shift “from requested production of geo-information to voluntary production” is part of the current democratization trend of Geoweb 2.0 technologies (also called neogeography). It is particularly materialized by VGI and geo-crowdsourcing. The third paradigm shift, “the wikification,” is linked to the second one but occurs with a slight temporal shift. The “wikification” of GIS and online mapping is at odds with the traditional (linear and hierarchical) production of geographical information. It allows for WikiGIS-like geocollaborative solutions that provide dynamic access to the collective process of map design and making. This iterative and non-cumulative approach of geographical knowledge production is about to quite radically change Geocollaboration processes. More precisely, WikiGIS combines wiki-type content management systems with an interactive map built upon GeoWeb technologies (Google Maps in the current prototype). It ensures traceability and history of the user-generated spatial representations, while providing dynamic access to the previous versions of geographic objects, as well as documentation on data quality. Section 2 focuses on the general context of this research by providing an overview of the wikification of geographical information in the context of GeoWeb 2.0. It particularly introduces the concept of WikiGIS by briefly clarifying the specifications and needs of Geocollaboration, and the relevance of the wiki-type approaches. Section 3 provides a conceptual and technical description of the first WikiGIS prototype (architecture and functionalities), supported by a use case as a proof of concept. The paper concludes with a discussion of the prospects held out by this first development. Future Internet 2012, 4 267 2. General Context: Geocollaboration in the GeoWeb 2.0 Era 2.1. GeoWeb 2.0: A Socio-Technical Platform for Geo-information Coproduction and Sharing Spatial data processing, dissemination and exchange offered by online mapping solutions keep pace with technical advances and the evolving use of the Internet (bandwidth, accessibility) and of the Web 2.0 (interactive applications, rich contents, user-generated contents) [9–11]. The Web 2.0, as a development environment for the GeoWeb, is characterized by an unprecedented democratization of geospatial technologies that were traditionally exclusive to professionals. The take-up of these technologies by the general public in mobile use situations (Personal Navigation Devices–PND, Location-Based Services–LBS) has transformed the geographic information production and dissemination (contribution) processes, and introduced new forms of mapping (including mobile mapping) in people’s everyday lives [12,13]. This democratization is more the result of Web-related technological advances rather than of geospatial sciences (JAVA, XML, Tag, etc.). Web 2.0 current technologies offer more flexible architectures, more responsive display, simplified interfaces, extended content interaction and a better interoperability [14]. The emerging model of Cloud Computing enables the development of Rich Internet Applications (RIA) providing similar characteristics (interactivity, functionality and speed) to standard computer software. Based on the use of Web services, these technologies make it possible for applications to communicate remotely regardless of the platforms they run on. These dynamic and interactive distributed services are based on technologies widely adopted and enriched by the Web developer community, such as AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript) and XML. As a result, GeoWeb 2.0 services offer a coherent group of spatial data handling tools (import, cataloguing, visualization, creation, processing, distribution, etc.). API (Application Programming Interface), such as Google Maps, Bing Maps or ESRI ArcGIS, give access to the functions and contents of Web applications using external commands, especially for visualization purposes (road networks, satellite imagery, relief, POI). The fast refresh rate to display raster tiles (imagery, plan, relief), the high responsiveness of the zoom and drag tools, along with many other possibilities related to spatial data handling, make these applications very popular. In addition to discovery and visualization of geographic information, API also provides utility programs to manipulate and create data, as Google MyMaps does. Interchange formats that are specific to the GeoWeb (KML, GML…) are now included in geospatial data standards, especially those of the Open Geospatial
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Uch Enmek Example(Altai Republic,Siberia)
    Faculty of Environmental Sciences Institute for Cartography Master Thesis Concept and Implementation of a Contextualized Navigable 3D Landscape Model: The Uch Enmek Example(Altai Republic,Siberia). Mussab Mohamed Abuelhassan Abdalla Born on: 7th December 1983 in Khartoum Matriculation number: 4118733 Matriculation year: 2014 to achieve the academic degree Master of Science (M.Sc.) Supervisors Dr.Nikolas Prechtel Dr.Sander Münster Submitted on: 18th September 2017 Faculty of Environmental Sciences Institute for Cartography Task for the preparation of a Master Thesis Name: Mussab Mohamed Abuelhassan Abdalla Matriculation number: 4118733 Matriculation year: 2014 Title: Concept and Implementation of a Contextualized Navigable 3D Landscape Model: The Uch Enmek Example(Altai Republic,Siberia). Objectives of work Scope/Previous Results:Virtual Globes can attract and inform websites visitors on natural and cultural objects and sceneries.Geo-centered information transfer is suitable for majority of sites and artifacts. Virtual Globes have been tested with an involvement of TUD institutes: e.g. the GEPAM project (Weller,2013), and an archaeological excavation site in the Altai Mountains ("Uch enmek", c.f. Schmid 2012, Schubert 2014).Virtual Globes technology should be flexible in terms of the desired geo-data configuration. Research data should be controlled by the authors. Modes of linking geo-objects to different types of meta-information seems evenly important for a successful deployment. Motivation: For an archaeological conservation site ("Uch Enmek") effort has already been directed into data collection, model development and an initial web-based presentation.The present "Open Web Globe" technology is not developed any further, what calls for a migra- tion into a different web environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Mashing-Up Maps Google Geo Services and the Geography Of
    Mashing-up Maps Google Geo Services and the Geography of Ubiquity Craig M. Dalton A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy in the Department of Geography. Chapel Hill 2012 Approved by: Dr. Scott Kirsch Dr. Banu Gokariksel Dr. Kenneth Hillis Dr. John Pickles Dr. Sarah Sharma © 2012 Craig M. Dalton ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii Abstract CRAIG DALTON: Mashing-up Maps: Google Geo Services and the Geography of Ubiquity (Under the direction of Scott Kirsch) How are Google geo services such as Google Maps and Google Earth shaping ways of seeing the world? These geographic ways of seeing are part of an influential and problematic geographic discourse. This discourse reaches hundreds of millions of people, though not all have equal standing. It empowers many people to make maps on the geoweb, but within the limits of Google’s business strategy. These qualities, set against the state-centeredness of mapmaking over the last six hundred years, mark the Google geo discourse as something noteworthy, a consumer-centered mapping in a popular geographic discourse. This dissertation examines the Google geo discourse through its social and technological history, Google’s role in producing and limiting the discourse, and the subjects who make and use these maps. iii Acknowledgements This dissertation was only possible with the help of a large number of people. I owe each a debt of gratitude. Chief among them is a fantastic advisor, Scott Kirsch. His patience, grace, and good criticism saw me through the trials of graduate school.
    [Show full text]
  • 16 Volunteered Geographic Information
    16 Volunteered Geographic Information Serena Coetzee, South Africa 16.1 Introduction In its early days the World Wide Web contained static read-only information. It soon evolved into an interactive platform, known as Web.2.0, where content is added and updated all the time. Blogging, wikis, video sharing and social media are examples of Web.2.0. This type of content is referred to as user-generated content. Volunteered geographic information (VGI) is a special kind of user-generated content. It refers to geographic information collected and shared voluntarily by the general public. Web.2.0 and associated advances in web mapping technologies have greatly enhanced the abilities to collect, share and interact with geographic information online, leading to VGI. Crowdsourcing is the method of accomplishing a task, such as problem solving or the collection of information, by an open call for contributions. Instead of appointing a person or company to collect information, contributions from individuals are integrated in order to accomplish the task. Contributions are typically made online through an interactive website. Figure 16.1 The OpenStreetMap map page. In the subsequent sub-sections, examples of crowdsourcing and volunteered geographic information establishment and growth of OpenStreetMap have been devices, aerial photography, and other free sources. This are described, namely OpenStreetMap, Tracks4Africa, restrictions on the use or availability of geospatial crowdsourced data is then made available under the the Southern African Bird Atlas Project.2 and Wikimapia. information across much of the world and the advent of Open Database License. The site is supported by the In the additional sub-sections a step-by-step guide to inexpensive portable satellite navigation devices.
    [Show full text]
  • Crowdsourcing, Citizen Science Or Volunteered Geographic Information? the Current State of Crowdsourced Geographic Information
    International Journal of Geo-Information Article Crowdsourcing, Citizen Science or Volunteered Geographic Information? The Current State of Crowdsourced Geographic Information Linda See 1,*, Peter Mooney 2, Giles Foody 3, Lucy Bastin 4, Alexis Comber 5, Jacinto Estima 6, Steffen Fritz 1, Norman Kerle 7, Bin Jiang 8, Mari Laakso 9, Hai-Ying Liu 10, Grega Milˇcinski 11, Matej Nikšiˇc 12, Marco Painho 6, Andrea P˝odör 13, Ana-Maria Olteanu-Raimond 14 and Martin Rutzinger 15 1 International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, Laxenburg A2361, Austria; [email protected] 2 Department of Computer Science, Maynooth University, Maynooth W23 F2H6, Ireland; [email protected] 3 School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; [email protected] 4 School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; [email protected] 5 School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; [email protected] 6 NOVA IMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), 1070-312 Lisboa, Portugal; [email protected] (J.E.); [email protected] (M.P.) 7 Department of Earth Systems Analysis, ITC/University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands; [email protected] 8 Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Division of GIScience, University of Gävle, Gävle 80176, Sweden; [email protected] 9 Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Kirkkonummi 02430, Finland; mari.laakso@nls.fi 10 Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller 2027, Norway; [email protected]
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Web Mapping: Eras, Trends and Directions
    International Journal of Geo-Information Review Review of Web Mapping: Eras, Trends and Directions Bert Veenendaal 1,*, Maria Antonia Brovelli 2 ID and Songnian Li 3 ID 1 Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Australia 2 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICA), Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy; [email protected] 3 Department of Civil Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +618-9266-7701 Received: 28 July 2017; Accepted: 16 October 2017; Published: 21 October 2017 Abstract: Web mapping and the use of geospatial information online have evolved rapidly over the past few decades. Almost everyone in the world uses mapping information, whether or not one realizes it. Almost every mobile phone now has location services and every event and object on the earth has a location. The use of this geospatial location data has expanded rapidly, thanks to the development of the Internet. Huge volumes of geospatial data are available and daily being captured online, and are used in web applications and maps for viewing, analysis, modeling and simulation. This paper reviews the developments of web mapping from the first static online map images to the current highly interactive, multi-sourced web mapping services that have been increasingly moved to cloud computing platforms. The whole environment of web mapping captures the integration and interaction between three components found online, namely, geospatial information, people and functionality. In this paper, the trends and interactions among these components are identified and reviewed in relation to the technology developments.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstract Utilization of Crowdsourcing And
    ABSTRACT UTILIZATION OF CROWDSOURCING AND VOLUNTEERED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION IN INTERNATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT by Julaiti Nilupaer Large-scale disasters result in enormous impacts on vulnerable communities worldwide, and data acquisition has become a major concern in this time-critical situation: the limitations of geospatial technologies impede the real-time data collection, also the absent or poor data collection in some regions. With the current advances of Web 2.0, crowdsourcing and Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) have become commonly used. As a potential solution to fill the gap of real-time geographic data, crowdsourcing and VGI enable timely information exchange through a voluntary approach and enhance amateur citizen participation. Importantly, such geographic information can substantially facilitate emergency coordination by fulfilling the needs of impacted communities and appropriately allocating relief supplies and funds. My research interest centers on the utilization of crowdsourcing and VGI for disaster management. Particularly, I work to explore their potential value and contributions by reviewing two notable and destructive disaster events as case studies: the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami, and the 2013 Typhoon Haiyan. In addition, I examine the challenges of this information and seek potential solutions. This research aims to contribute a comprehensive qualitative analysis of how Volunteer and Technical Communities (V&TCs) have used crowdsourced data and VGI to enhance the coordination of disaster management.
    [Show full text]
  • Volunteered and Crowdsourced Geographic Information: the Openstreetmap Project
    JOURNAL OF SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCE Number 20 (2020), pp. 65–70 doi:10.5311/JOSIS.2020.20.659 INVITED ARTICLE Volunteered and crowdsourced geographic information: the OpenStreetMap project Michela Bertolotto1, Gavin McArdle1, and Bianca Schoen-Phelan2 1School of Computer Science, University College Dublin 2School of Computer Science, Technological University Dublin Received: February 28, 2020; accepted: May 12, 2020 Abstract: Advancements in technology over the last two decades have changed how spa- tial data are created and used. In particular, in the last decade, volunteered geographic information (VGI), i.e., the crowdsourcing of geographic information, has revolutionized the spatial domain by shifting the map-making process from the hands of experts to those of any willing contributor. Started in 2004, OpenStreetMap (OSM) is the pinnacle of VGI due to the large number of volunteers involved and the volume of spatial data generated. While the original objective of OSM was to create a free map of the world, its uses have shown how the potential of such an initiative goes well beyond map-making: ranging from projects such as the Humanitarian OpenStreetMap (HOT) project, that understands itself as a bridge between the OSM community and humanitarian responders, to collaborative projects such as Mapillary, where citizens take street-level images and the system aims to automate mapping. A common trend among these projects using OSM is the fact that the community dynamic tends to create spin-off projects. Currently, we see a drive towards projects that support sustainability goals using OSM. We discuss some such applications and highlight challenges posed by this new paradigm.
    [Show full text]
  • Collaborative Mapping Response To
    AMBIENTE M. Minghini* Collaborative mapping L. Delucchi** A. Sarretta*** response to disasters through F. Lupia**** M. Napolitano***** openstreetmap: the case of A. Palmas****** the 2016 italian earthquake * Politecnico di Milano, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Milano, Italy ** Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Digital humanitarians represent the current generation of volunteers, providing timely contributions Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, in the form of digital map data in the aftermath of natural disasters. Starting from the tragic 2010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy earthquake in Haiti and thanks to the success of the OpenStreetMap (OSM) project, the presence *** Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche and coordination of these volunteers have grown incredibly over the past years. This work investiga- (CNR) – Istituto di Scienze Marine tes the dynamics of the mapping process and the nature of the OSM volunteers who contributed (ISMAR), Venezia, Italy map data after the 2016 earthquake in Central Italy. The analyses show that existing OSM users **** Consiglio per la ricerca were the majority of those contributing to the mapping activity, with less edits performed by new in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia users. The collaborative mapping process was efficiently coordinated through a dedicated platform agraria, Roma, Italy and the area hit by the earthquake was significantly edited in OSM after the disaster. ***** Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK), Keywords: collaborative mapping, disaster management, earthquake, OpenStreetMap Trento, Italy ****** Wikimedia Italia, Milano, Italy Risposta collaborativa alla mappatura di eventi disastrosi tramite openstreetmap: il caso del terremoto in italia del 2016. I digital humanitarians rappresentano la nuova genera- zione di volontari, capaci di fornire contributi tempestivi sotto forma di dati geografici all’indomani di org), the world’s openly-licensed disastri naturali.
    [Show full text]
  • A Geoweb-Based Tagging System for Borderlands Data Acquisition
    ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2015, 4, 1530-1548; doi:10.3390/ijgi4031530 OPEN ACCESS ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information ISSN 2220-9964 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijgi/ Article A Geoweb-Based Tagging System for Borderlands Data Acquisition Hanfa Xing 1,*, Jun Chen 2 and Xiaoguang Zhou 3 1 College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China 2 National Geomatics Center of China, Beijing 100830, China; E-Mail: [email protected] 3 School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-531-8961-0938. Academic Editor: Wolfgang Kainz Received: 29 May 2015 / Accepted: 12 August 2015 / Published: 21 August 2015 Abstract: Borderlands modeling and understanding depend on both spatial and non-spatial data, which were difficult to obtain in the past. This has limited the progress of borderland-related research. In recent years, data collection technologies have developed greatly, especially geospatial Web 2.0 technologies including blogs, publish/subscribe, mashups, and GeoRSS, which provide opportunities for data acquisition in borderland areas. This paper introduces the design and development of a Geoweb-based tagging system that enables users to tag and edit geographical information. We first establish the GeoBlog model, which consists of a set of geospatial components, posts, indicators, and comments, as the foundation of the tagging system. GeoBlog is implemented such that blogs are mashed up with OpenStreetMap. Moreover, we present an improvement to existing publish/subscribe systems with support for spatio-temporal events and subscriptions, called Spatial Publish/Subscribe, as well as the event agency network for routing messages from the publishers to the subscribers.
    [Show full text]
  • Volunteered Geographic Information and Crowdsourcing Disaster Relief: a Case Study of the Haitian Earthquake
    World Medical & Health Policy www.psocommons.org/wmhp Vol. 2: Iss. 2, Article 2 (2010) Volunteered Geographic Information and Crowdsourcing Disaster Relief: A Case Study of the Haitian Earthquake Matthew Zook, PhD, University of Kentucky Mark Graham, PhD, University of Oxford Taylor Shelton, BA, University of Kentucky Sean Gorman, PhD, FortiusOne Abstract This paper outlines the ways in which information technologies (ITs) were used in the Haiti relief effort, especially with respect to web-based mapping services. Although there were numerous ways in which this took place, this paper focuses on four in particular: CrisisCamp Haiti, OpenStreetMap, Ushahidi, and GeoCommons. This analysis demonstrates that ITs were a key means through which individuals could make a tangible difference in the work of relief and aid agencies without actually being physically present in Haiti. While not without problems, this effort nevertheless represents a remarkable example of the power and crowdsourced online mapping and the potential for new avenues of interaction between physically distant places that vary tremendously. Keywords: Haiti, OpenStreetMap, Ushahidi, GeoCommons, volunteered geographic information, crowdsourcing Author Notes: Conflicts of interest: Sean Gorman is employed by FortiusOne Inc. which built the GeoCommons community. He also helped with supporting CrisisCommons, participates in the OpenStreetMap project, and has participated in Ushahidi implementations in Afghanistan and Haiti. Most of the figures in this article are screenshots of publicly available websites and do not require permissions. In all cases the sources are acknowledged. © 2010 Policy Studies Organization Published by Berkeley Electronic Press - 7 - Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2216649 World Medical & Health Policy, Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Geographic Information Systems to Increase Citizen Engagement
    Using Geographic Information Systems to Increase Citizen Engagement Sukumar Ganapati Assistant Professor Public Administration Department School of International and Public Affairs College of Arts and Sciences Florida International University E-Government/Technology Series 2 0 1 0 E-GOVERNMENT/TECHNOLOGY SERIES Using Geographic Information Systems to Increase Citizen Engagement Sukumar Ganapati Assistant Professor Public Administration Department School of International and Public Affairs College of Arts and Sciences Florida International University TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword ..............................................................................................4 Executive Summary ..............................................................................6 Introduction: Evolution of Geographic Information Systems ...............9 First Wave: Desktop GIS ...................................................................9 Second Wave: Web GIS .................................................................10 Third Wave: Geospatial Web 2.0 Platform .....................................11 Citizen-Oriented Geospatial Web 2.0 e-Government Applications ...13 Citizen-Oriented Transit Information ..............................................13 Citizen Relationship Management ..................................................15 Citizen-Volunteered Geographic Information .................................18 Citizen Participation in Planning and Decision Making ................21 The Future of GIS-Enabled Citizen Participation in Decision
    [Show full text]
  • An Algorithm Based Methodology for the Creation of a Regularly Updated Global Online Map Derived from Volunteered Geographic Information
    GEOProcessing 2012 : The Fourth International Conference on Advanced Geographic Information Systems, Applications, and Services An Algorithm Based Methodology for the Creation of a Regularly Updated Global Online Map Derived From Volunteered Geographic Information Marcus Goetz, Johannes Lauer, Michael Auer Chair of GIScience, Institute of Geography University of Heidelberg Heidelberg, Germany {m.goetz, jlauer, auer}@uni-heidelberg.de Abstract— Global online maps are an important tool and data different levels of skills create spatial data by either sets such for such maps are normally provided by commercial performing personal measurements via GPS etc. or by providers or public authorities. Nevertheless, the ever tracing publicly available aerial images such as those expanding trend of collaboratively collected geodata by provided by Bing. Afterwards, this data is uploaded to a Web hobbyists, namely Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI), 2.0 community and shared with other users, which are also increases regarding both data quantity and quality. Therefore, allowed to reedit existing data or to use existing data at no VGI can be considered as a real alternative data source for the charge. Additionally, also other geo-referenced information provision of a global online map service, similar to those such as geo-referenced pictures or place locations can be provided by Google Maps or Bing Maps. Therefore, an online considered as VGI. There are many different communities map service needs to be created, whereby relevant data comes and portals sharing and collecting VGI, and there is an from a regularly updated database containing VGI. Due to the dynamic and fast changing nature of VGI sources, the enormous potential arising from six billion humans acting as workflow for processing VGI data needs to be automated on a remote sensors [2].
    [Show full text]