Celebrating Oscar Peterson: a Canadian Icon for Our Time Celebrating Oscar Peterson – a Canadian Icon for Our Time
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Music Monday Learning Resource Celebrating Oscar Peterson: A Canadian Icon for Our Time Celebrating Oscar Peterson – A Canadian Icon for Our Time • Oscar Peterson – Adversity and Introduction Triumph, “Hymn to Freedom” • Finale: Celebrating the Legacy of This learning package has been developed Oscar Peterson to explore and celebrate the world-renowned Canadian jazz pianist and composer – Oscar Each of the units contains: Peterson. A native of Montreal, he became an internationally known artist while still • an introduction that sets the historical in his twenties and his career spanned six and curriculum context decades. He is recognized today as one • suggested learning activities of the world’s greatest jazz pianists. He was • links to online resources (audio, visual also an acclaimed composer; his Hymn to and text) Freedom is perhaps one of his best known • ideas for extending the learning compositions. activities beyond the classroom walls and into the community. Oscar Peterson (or O.P. as he was known to his friends) wasa master musician, both as a soloist The introductory unit highlights a new and as a member of jazz trios and quartets. He biography written by Oscar’s daughter Céline was also, throughout his life,much involved Peterson, along with abbreviated versions, in advocating for civil rights. He performed and suggestions for introducing students to tirelessly, both in Canada and world wide, and the world of jazz. The final unit is designed was an exemplary ambassador for Canada to provide suggestions for celebrating what throughout the world. has been learned about this Canadian icon - both in the classroom and in the wider school Recognizing the rich contribution of this community. Canadian icon to the world of music and the fabric of Canada, the core units in this learning package will focus on: • Prelude: Biography and Introduction to Jazz • Oscar Peterson - Maestro of the Keyboard • Oscar Peterson – ‘O.P.’ and His Musical Friends A Word about Curriculum Connections Curriculum in schools today, whatever the subject and level, is shaped by what students NOTE: The suggested should know, be able to do and value when they finish Grade 12. These expectations learning activities in this centre around: package are designed • citizenship (including environmental, for intermediate, junior community and social issues) • personal and career development and senior high levels. • critical thinking • technological fluency Icons are used to indicate • communication suggested levels but • creativity / innovation teachers are encouraged Because all curriculummust assist students in achieving these general expectations, they can to browse and select those provide a helpful reference when considering activities that will be links with the curriculum, whatever the subject and grade level. most engaging for their With all this in mind, it is hoped that teachers students, shaping and of Music, Social Studies (including Canadian Studies) and Language Arts will find in these modifying them to meet units a rich resource for planning relevant their needs and interests. learning activities for their students. Senior Elementary Junior High Senior High Celebrating Oscar Peterson • A Canadian Icon for Our Time | 3 Prelude – Oscar Peterson Biography and Introduction to Jazz This section of the learning package provides an introduction to Oscar Peterson and to jazz. Resources It highlights a new biography of Oscar, written • Canadian Jazz Archive Online by his daughter Céline Peterson, that will Learning Activities be a key reference throughout the learning www.canadianjazzarchive.org package. Also included are suggestions for • Georgia on My Mind an introduction to jazz that could be used (Oscar Peterson, piano) when students do not have prior knowledge https://youtu.be/6tY_RE7tWzM of the genre. • Place St. Henri from Canadiana Suite (Oscar Peterson Trio, 1983) https://youtu.be/Dlvu1AXsd70 Biography Grade levels: 4-12 The full biography and two shorter versions are included in the Appendix. For convenience, Key Topics: Oscar links to these biographies will be provided in Peterson’s life and music, each unit. introduction to jazz Prior Knowledge: basic understanding of musical NOTE: The biography found on Canadian Jazz Archive elements. Online contains errors. The biography included in this learning package should always be used. Refer to what has been learned about Learning Activities Peterson’s early life in Montreal. Ask how many students have been to Montreal. How would they describe it today? Speculate about what Introduce this unit by asking students to name Montreal might have been like in the 1940s some Canadian ‘superstars’. Challenge them and 1950s. Do a quick online search to find to identify those in fields other than sports. details. How might life in Montreal at that time Explain that Oscar Peterson was a very real have shaped Oscar Peterson as a person? as ‘superstar’, a jazz piano virtuoso. Ask whether a musician? students know what a virtuoso is. Can they name any virtuosos? Listen to Place St. Henri from Peterson’s Canadiana Suite. This movement was written Ask students whether they know the names to reflect the area in Montreal where Oscar of other famous Canadian jazz musicians. grew up. Ask students to identify possible Challenge them to search online to find three characteristics of the area that are suggested and share the names with the full group. How by the music. many students found the name of Oscar Peterson during their search? Displaying the photograph provided with the biography, explain that students will be NOTE: The following activities learning about the world-famous Canadian are adapted from the Canadian jazz pianist Oscar Peterson and will have Jazz Archive Online (Listening opportunities for listening, watching and Responding Activities). performances and making music as they do so. Divide the biography into 4-6 sections. Have Ask students what they think jazz is. Brainstorm students individually read a given section a list of words/characteristics that they of the biography, and respond to specific associate with jazz. What do they think being a questions that they have been given such as: jazz musician involves? Record their thoughts and refer to them again after they have • What did you notice especially in your completed activities in this learning package, assigned reading? noting what they would now change/add to • What surprised you the most? their original thoughts. • What particular detail was the most memorable/significant for you? Play examples of various jazz genres (e.g., blues, boogie woogie, cool jazz). Talk about As a class, compile a list of the most significant the main characteristics of each and identify things about Oscar Peterson. Then display what they have in common. the video clip of Georgia on My Mind that shows wonderful photographs of Oscar while students listen to the music. Celebrating Oscar Peterson • A Canadian Icon for Our Time | 5 Have a brief class discussion about what students think improvisation means. What Involving the Community adjectives would they use to describe it? Oscar Peterson said that improvisation was Invite jazz musicians in the community to visit “instant composition”. Play a piece of jazz the class to perform, answer questions and talk that highlights improvisation (There are about how they got involved in playing jazz, why many excellent examples on the Canadian they love it, what it means to them. Jazz Archive Online.) Add to their original thoughts. Is it a free-for-all? Or are there During Black History month, invite someone ‘rules’ to improvisation? from the local black community who grew up in Canada or the United States to visit Have students sit in a circle and create a the classroom to talk about black history in collective impromptu short story or rap. As North America. It would be ideal if there were musicians would have a key, so the students someone who could do a presentation about are given a topic for the story; as a musical the black porters on the Canadian railroad. piece would have internal structure, so should the story have a beginning, middle and end; as musicians combine and communicate so that the performance has cohesion, so should the story flow as if it has one voice. Play the example of jazz that features improvisation again. Discover whether the students now have a different perspective on improvisation after having had the experience of trying to create a cohesive story as a group. Oscar Peterson – Maestro of the Keyboard Renowned today as one of the world’s greatest jazz pianists of all time, Oscar Peterson was Resources referred to by jazz great Duke Ellington as “the maharajah of the keyboard”. His technical •• Biography mastery, tone, sense of rhythm and ability to •• Oscar Peterson improvise were superb. Whether playing solo CBC Flashback Interview or in a jazz trio or quartet, his virtuosity was https://youtu.be/JlwocnS5dQ8 exceptional. This unit will explore aspects of •• Georgia on My Mind (with b&w the singular talent of this Canadian jazz pianist. photos of Oscar Peterson) (Note: example of right hand solo melody and left hand rhythm) https://youtu.be/6tY_RE7tWzM •• Those 7 Times Oscar Peterson Went Next Level Genius https://youtu.be/Gxs4KWxcw1w Grade levels: 4-12 •• C Jam Blues (Oscar Peterson Trio Live in Denmark, 1964, with Ray Brown, Key Topics: Piano as solo bass and Ed Thigpen, drums) https://youtu.be/NTJhHn-TuDY and ensemble instrument, •• Boogie Blues Etude from BBC Live at Ronnie Scott’s (with Barney Kessel and early training, technique, Niels Henning Orsted Pedersen, bass) https://youtu.be/xdd5pn1xs7M improvisation, virtuosity, •• Bye Bye Blackbird from My Favourite melody and rhythm Instrument album (Oscar Peterson) •• Oscar Peterson The Piano Lesson (interview with Dick Cavett) https://youtu.be/ec-FrnaU0rs •• Tea for Two Comparison (Peterson, Costa, Tatum) https://youtu.be/A8AWBpWNPQQ •• Night Train (Oscar Peterson, piano) https://youtu.be/0yQyjcpnx3g Celebrating Oscar Peterson • A Canadian Icon for Our Time | 7 a matter of blatant change from Learning Activities classical music to jazz; it’s a matter of modification…When I am working, it’s a challenge, not a chore.