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2010 Survey Report for Lake Mills and Lake Aldwell on the Elwha River, Washington

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2010 Survey Report for Lake Mills and Lake Aldwell on the Elwha River, Washington Technical Report No. SRH-2010-23 2010 Survey Report for Lake Mills and Lake Aldwell on the Elwha River, Washington Lake Mills photograph courtesy of Tom Rooda at Northwest Territories Inc. U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Technical Service Center Denver, Colorado April 2011 – Amended June 2011 Mission Statements The mission of the Department of the Interior is to protect and provide access to our Nation’s natural and cultural heritage and honor our trust responsibilities to Indian Tribes and our commitments to island communities. The mission of the Bureau of Reclamation is to manage, develop, and protect water and related resources in an environmentally and economically sound manner in the interest of the American public. U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Technical Service Center Denver, Colorado 2010 Survey Report and Area-Capacity Tables for Lake Mills and Lake Aldwell on the Elwha River, Washington Report Prepared by: Jennifer Bountry, P.E., M.S., Hydraulic Engineer Sedimentation and River Hydraulics Group, Technical Service Center Ron Ferrari, Hydraulic Engineer Sedimentation and River Hydraulics Group, Technical Service Center Kurt Wille, Physical Scientist Sedimentation and River Hydraulics Group, Technical Service Center Tim J. Randle, P.E., M.S., D.WRE., Hydraulic Engineer and Manager Sedimentation and River Hydraulics Group, Technical Service Center Peer Review Certification: This document has been peer reviewed per guidelines established by the Technical Service Center and is believed to be in accordance with the service agreement and standards of the profession. REPORT PREPARED B DATE Jni^fef BounxE., M.S. P}\'(sical Scientist Sedimentation and River y raulics Group (8 6-6 8240) DATE: Hydraulic Eng Sedimentation and River Hydraulics Group (86-68240) DATE: )-I7- I) Kurt Wille Physical Scientist Sedimentation and River Hydraulics Group (86-68240) DATE:?- 26- 2/( Tim J. Randle, P.E., M.S., D.WRE. Hydraulic Engineer and Manager Sedimentation and River Hydraulics Group (86-68240) VIE WED BY: DATE: R Elaina Gordon, P.E., M.S. Hydraulic Engineer Sedimentation and River Hydraulics Group (86-68240) Table of Contents Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ iii June 2011 Amendment Summary ...................................................................................... iii 1.0 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 2.0 Topographic Data..................................................................................................... 3 2.1 Datum Shifts ......................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Lake Mills ............................................................................................................ 4 2.2.1 Historical Data Sets....................................................................................... 4 2.2.2 July 2010 Survey........................................................................................... 5 2.2.3 Topography Changes since July 2010 Survey .............................................. 6 2.3 Lake Aldwell ........................................................................................................ 8 2.3.1 Historical Data Sets....................................................................................... 8 2.3.2 July 2010 Survey........................................................................................... 8 2.4 LiDAR Data ......................................................................................................... 8 2.4.1 Available Data Sets ....................................................................................... 8 2.4.2 2009 LiDAR Data Comparison to 2010 Topographic Data ......................... 9 2.5 Aerial Photography ............................................................................................ 11 3.0 Methodology .......................................................................................................... 12 3.1 Lake Mills Terrain .............................................................................................. 12 3.2 Lake Aldwell Terrain ......................................................................................... 13 3.3 Reservoir Area and Capacity Computations ...................................................... 15 4.0 Lake Mills Results ..................................................................................................... 17 4.1 Lake Mills Area-Capacity ....................................................................................... 17 4.2 Lake Mills Sedimentation Volume ......................................................................... 18 4.3 Lake Mills Sediment Thickness .............................................................................. 20 4.3.1 Depth of Sediment at Glines Canyon Dam ................................................. 22 4.3.2 Lake Mills Historical Survey Comparisons ................................................ 23 4.4 Average Incoming Sediment Load ..................................................................... 26 5.0 Lake Aldwell Results ............................................................................................. 29 5.1 Lake Aldwell Area-Capacity .................................................................................. 29 5.2 Lake Aldwell Sedimentation Volume ................................................................ 30 5.3 Landslides near Elwha Dam ............................................................................... 30 6.0 Conclusions ............................................................................................................ 32 7.0 References .............................................................................................................. 33 Appendix A: July 2010 Survey Documentation ............................................................... 34 A.1 Survey Control ................................................................................................... 34 A.2 Lake Mills Survey .............................................................................................. 39 A.3 Lake Aldwell Survey .......................................................................................... 40 Appendix B: Cross-section Survey Comparison Plots ..................................................... 42 List of Tables Table 1. Difference in capacity computations between a GIS-based method versus the ACAP software program................................................................................................... 16 i Table 2. Capacity table in 1-ft increments for Lake Mills. .............................................. 17 Table 3. Comparison of floods over decadal periods from the USGS gage at McDonald Bridge. ............................................................................................................................... 28 Table 4. Capacity table in 1-ft increments for Lake Aldwell. ......................................... 29 Table 5. Coordinates of OPUS solutions for base stations used in July 2010 survey. .... 35 Table 6. Coordinates of benchmarks near Glines Canyon Dam from July 2010 OPUS solution. ............................................................................................................................. 36 Table 7. Coordinates of benchmarks near and on Elwha Dam from July 2010 OPUS solution. ............................................................................................................................. 38 Table 8. Elevations of benchmarks on Elwha Dam from May 2010 project survey, noting original benchmark elevations in local datum. ................................................................. 38 Table 8. Coordinates of benchmarks on Elwha Dam from May 2010 project survey, noting original benchmark elevations in local datum. ...................................................... 39 List of Figures Figure 1. Project location map. .......................................................................................... 2 Figure 2. Lake Mills delta prior to construction of pilot channel and removal of vegetation. Photograph taken July 29, 2010 courtesy of Tom Rooda at Northwest Territories Inc...................................................................................................................... 6 Figure 3. Lake Mills delta with newly constructed center pilot channel and vegetation removal completed. Photograph taken September 28, 2010 courtesy of Tom Rooda at Northwest Territories Inc. The river was diverted into the pilot channel the following day (September 29, 2010) by relocating the log jam at the head of the pilot channel. ............. 7 Figure 4. Lake Mills delta on December 15, 2010 following a flood that peaked at 22,000 cfs on December 12, 2010. ..................................................................................... 7 Figure 5. July 2010 RTK topo points on the Lake Mills delta shown on a 2009 aerial photograph. Points highlighted in turquoise were in the middle of the delta in non-wetted areas where little change is expected to have occurred since 2009. ................................. 10 Figure 6. Statistics of the difference between all RTK topo shots from July 2010 survey data (above and below water) and the 2009 1-ft LiDAR
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