CONTENTS AOTEAROA NEW ZEALAND VOLUME 32 • NUMBER 1 • 2020 SOCIAL WORK ISSN: 2463-4131 (Online) 1 Editorial Theoretical research 61 Pressure drop: Securitising and de-securitising 1 Refl ections from the heart of shutdown Aotearoa safeguarding David McKendrick and Jo Finch 5 Original Articles Qualitative research Qualitative research 5 “Civil rights? Yeah, right!”: Refl ections on legislative 73 Heard but not seen: Exploring youth counsellors’ changes from older sexual and gender minorities in experiences of telephone counselling Aotearoa New Zealand Danielle Davidson, Gai Harrison, Allied Health and Royal David Betts Brisbane Mixed methods research 86 View Points 17 ‘I had no control over my body’: Women’s experiences 86 Social work and service improvement: An example of reproductive coercion in Aotearoa New Zealand from the fi rst youth forensic forum Kate Burry, Natalie Thorburn and Ang Jury Joanna Appleby Theoretical research 92 Book Reviews 32 Where do we go from here? Ongoing colonialism from Attachment Theory 92 The Routledge handbook of critical social work Peter W. Choate, Brandy CrazyBull, Saaami”inihkaakii —Stephen A. Webb (Head Dress Singing Woman), Desi Lindstrom, Ninna Pita (Eagle Man) and Gabrielle Lindstrom, Tsapinaki 94 What is the future of social work? —M. Lavalette Qualitative research 96 Social work theory and methods: The essentials 45 Disrupting the grassroots narrative of social work in —Neil Thompson and Paul Stepney Aotearoa New Zealand Sonya Hunt, Barbara Staniforth and Liz Beddoe VOLUME 32 • NUMBER 1 • 2020 AOTEAROA NEW ZEALAND SOCIAL WORK EDITORIAL Refl ections from the heart of shutdown Aotearoa At the time of writing, our editorial because normal was the problem; others collective, like all Aotearoa New Zealand point to the inherent dangers in a new residents, are under the Level Four authoritarianism emboldened by the use of shutdown, and so confined at home with emergency powers. There is also a paradox our immediate housemates/family. We have presented by cleaner air as air-travel and been reflecting on the global situation we the global production of consumer goods find ourselves in. The implications for work, are temporarily halted. We know that for higher education, for our families and boundless production and consumption communities are immense. We share some of fuelled by private profit and the associated our initial thoughts. intensification of inequality are not sustainable; but will nations have the courage The current COVID-19 pandemic is not to confront this or will we resume the race to just a public health crisis; it’s an enormous self-destruction as soon as we are able? social and economic crisis. Across the world, neoliberal governments are in disarray Here in Aotearoa New Zealand, at the edge realising that business as usual will not get of the world, we may count our blessings. our nations and regions out of this mess. In comparison with others, we seem to have The market offers no solutions to a global a government that listens to health experts pandemic. In fact, it makes matters worse. and appears to be taking steps to shield the It makes matters worse because decades population from the consequences of the of neoliberal ideology, dismantling of economic fallout of COVID-19. However, public services and the marketisation of as responses to the crisis evolve, we must everything have ripped apart the health and maintain a strong critical perspective on social safety net. Across the world, public government actions, both here and abroad. health and social services are discovering they do not have the capacity to respond To date, the primary focus of critical to the pandemic, nor are they likely to commentators has been on health services have the capability to meet the fallout from and that is as it should be. Nonetheless, as the economic maelstrom brewing as a we move forward, we must also monitor consequence of the lockdowns. and highlight the impact on social service agencies, social workers and service users. Curiously, many governments have We must seize the opportunity to highlight reluctantly rediscovered the value of public the social consequences of the pandemic; services, of social planning and of direct and, in these new times, we must assert interventions to support incomes. Seemingly the need for new ways of forging social radical ideas like universal basic income, free solidarity—ways of renewing the social accessible health care for all and government contract between citizens and the state. investment in public works are back on the agenda. This first issue of 2020 includes articles of broad interest across the profession and We really are in new times. Yet there is reflects again the importance of social work a high degree of unpredictability about research in sustaining our knowledge where we go from here, and there are and sharing our insights into social AOTEAROA real dangers ahead. Some commentators phenomena, including the development NEW ZEALAND SOCIAL argue that there can be no return to normal of the profession itself. WORK 32(1), 1–4. VOLUME 32 • NUMBER 1 • 2020 AOTEAROA NEW ZEALAND SOCIAL WORK 1 EDITORIAL First up in this issue, David Betts notes that in the repertoire of controlling and coercive sexual and gender minorities continue to behaviour directed at women, and this face social stigma and discrimination in survey describes what it consists of in the countries where progressive legislation has Aotearoa New Zealand context, and situates been designed to support their wellbeing it in reference to three temporal phases and social inclusion. In “‘Civil rights? Yeah, of coercion (Moore, Frohwirth, & Miller, right!’: Reflections on legislative changes 2010). These three phases are: participants’ from older sexual and gender minorities experiences of reproductive coercion in Aotearoa New Zealand”, Betts reports before sexual intercourse; during sexual on a qualitative study that explored the intercourse; and post-conception. More reflections of older sexual and gender attention to reproductive coercion and its minorities via semi-structured interviews damaging effects on women’s reproductive in multiple locations across Aotearoa rights is needed in order to respond to it New Zealand. The findings of this study within fertility, family planning and other indicated that progressive legislation and services aimed at supporting women’s social policy have not protected older sexual reproductive health. and gender minorities from social stigma and bias. While study participants identified In “Where do we go from here? Ongoing an improvement in perceptions of safety colonialism from Attachment Theory”, and security, shifts and changes in social Peter Choate, Brandy CrazyBull, Saaami attitudes were significantly slower. With inihkaakii (Head Dress Singing Woman), a growing number of older adults who Desi Lindstrom, Ninna Pita (Eagle Man), and identify as sexual and gender minorities in Gabrielle Lindstrom, Tsapinaki challenge the Aotearoa New Zealand, it is important that current interpretation of Attachment Theory social workers promote a critical perspective which favours the placement of Indigenous rather than relying on legislation as the sole children in non-Indigenous homes. This benchmark for social change. Betts makes topic is explored against the consideration a case for social workers to become active of the history and on-going practices of advocates promoting a critical awareness. assimilation of Indigenous children within the child intervention and justice systems. Kate Burry, Natalie Thorburn, and The authors state their goal is to stimulate Ang Jury, in their provocative article, discussion and the development of culturally “‘I had no control over my body’: Women’s appropriate models and practices which experiences of reproductive coercion can articulate the complex and multiple in Aotearoa New Zealand”, present a attachments formed by an Indigenous survey plus in-depth interviews of people raised in Indigenous communities— New Zealand women about their standing in contrast to the popular Western experiences of reproductive coercion. and Eurocentric view of parenting through Often under-researched, reproductive dyadic attachment derived from Attachment coercion refers to an element of intimate Theory. The article draws on a review partner violence that seeks to limit women’s of attachment literature examining key reproductive rights, including controlling questions of cross-cultural applicability every aspect of women’s reproductive validity in relation to Indigenous autonomy. Amongst their respondents populations. Consultations were held with they found high rates of women who had Elders from the Blackfoot Confederacy of experienced controlled or limited access Alberta as part of the Nistawatsiman project. to contraception, contraceptive sabotage, Data were gathered in a project relating to and pregnancy coercion, including being AT and the Supreme Court of Canada. prevented from accessing an abortion, or attempts to induce miscarriage. This The authors note that Cultural Attachment coercion, often invisible, is a key element Theory is emerging as preferable in 2 VOLUME 32 • NUMBER 1 • 2020 AOTEAROA NEW ZEALAND SOCIAL WORK EDITORIAL Indigenous contexts rather than traditional Registration Board which is responding to Attachment Theory which they frame as new mandatory registration legislation— likely to perpetuate colonial and assimilative this is seen by many as the final step in understandings of family, parenting and the professionalisation