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Biodiversity Issues for Consideration in the Planning, Establishment and Management of Protected Area Sites and Networks Secretariat CBD Technical Series No

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Biodiversity Issues for Consideration in the Planning, Establishment and Management of Protected Area Sites and Networks Secretariat CBD Technical Series No TS 15 cover less red.qxd 30/01/04 3:25 PM Page 1 Biodiversity issues for consideration in the planning, establishment and management of protected area sites and networks area Biodiversity issues for consideration in the planning, establishment and management of protected CBD Tec Secretariat CBD Technical Series No. of the Convention on Also available Biological Diversity Issue 1: Assessment and Management of Alien Species that Threaten Ecosystems, Habitats and Species Issue 1: Assessment and Management of Alien Species that Threaten Ecosystems, Habitats and Species BIODIVERSITY ISSUES FOR CONSIDERATION IN THE PLANNING, ESTABLISHMENT AND Issue 2: Review of The Efficiency and Efficacy of Existing Legal Instruments MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREA SITES Applicable to Invasive Alien Species AND NETWORKS Issue 3: Assessment, Conservation and Sustainable Use of Forest Biodiversity Issue 4: The Value of Forest Ecosystems Issue 5: Impacts of Human-Caused Fires on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning, and Their Causes in Tropical, Temperate and Boreal Forest Biomes Issue 6: Sustainable Management of Non-Timber Forest Resources Issue 7: Review of the Status and Trends of, and Major Threats to, Forest Biological Diversity Issue 8: Status and Trends of, and Threats to, Mountain Biodiversity, Marine, Coastal and Inland Water Ecosystems Issue 9: Facilitating Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity Issue 10: Interlinkages between Biological Diversity and Climate Change Issue 11: Status and Trends of Biodiversity of Inland Water Ecosystems Issue 12: Solutions for Sustainable Mariculture Issue 13: Technical Advice on the Establishment and Management of a National hnical Series No. 15 System of Marine and Coastal Protected Areas Issue 14: Integrated Marine and Coastal Area Management (IMCAM) approaches for implementing the Convention on Biological Diversity BIODIVERSITY ISSUES FOR CONSIDERATION IN THE PLANNING, ESTABLISHMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREA SITES AND NETWORKS February 2004 Published by the Secretariat of the Convention Acknowledgements on Biological Diversity. The report of the meeting of the Ad Hoc ISBN: 92-807-2414-2 Technical Expert Group (AHTEG) on Protected Areas established by the Conference Copyright © 2004, Secretariat of the Convention of the Parties to the Convention on Biological on Biological Diversity Diversity and the 5th World Parks Congress The designations employed and the presentation provided background materials for a number of of material in this publication do not imply the papers published in this volume. Gratitude is expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part expressed to all experts who participated in the of the Secretariat of the Convention on AHTEG meeting held in Tjarno, Sweden in June Biological Diversity concerning the legal status 2003: Sarah George and Per Wramner, the co- of any country, territory, city or area or of its Chairs, and Salvatore Arico, Charles Barber, authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its Lars Berg, Andrew Bignell, Lars Björk, David frontiers or boundaries. Carbonnell, Stuart Chape, Sheldon Cohen, Guy Duke, Maria Fernanda Espinosa, Grazia Borrini- The views reported in this publication do not Feyerbend, Jean Jalbert, Peter Herekenrath, necessarily represent those of the Convention on Tarita Holm, John Holmes, Bengt Johnsson, Sam Biological Diversity. The Secretariat of the Johnston, Betrita Loibooki , Ullika Lundgren, Convention on Biological Diversity is not Mohammad Ebrahim Mahabadian, Yaroslav responsible for the texts not authored by its staff. Movchan, Ishwaran Natarajan, Japhet Ngubane, This publication may be reproduced for Per Nilsson, Sahir bin Othman, Sian Owen, educational or non-profit purposes without Chedly Rais, Juan Pablo Rodriguez, Marc special permission from the copyright holders, Roekaerts, Samba Sarr,. Mohammed Shaker, provided acknowledgement of the source is Michail Stishov, Luis Suarez, Jan Terstad, made. The Secretariat of the Convention would Christoph Thies, Paulo Tomas, Carleen Weebers, appreciate receiving a copy of any publications Stephen Woodley. that uses this document as a source. Gratitude is also expressed to all staff of the Citation Secretariat of the Convention who contributed to Secretariat of the Convention on Biological the editing of the documents. But for their hard Diversity (2004). Biodiversity issues for work, it would not have been possible to publish consideration in the planning, establishment this volume of the Technical Series in time for and management of protected area sites and the 7th meeting of the Conference of Parties to networks. Montreal, SCBD, 164 pages and i the Convention on Biological Diversity. to iv. (CBD Technical Series no. 15). Martina Hoft and Tina Mulongoy are thanked for For further information, please contact: their assistance in formatting the document and Secretariat of the Convention on Biological designing the cover. Diversity World Trade Centre The Secretariat is also grateful to K. 393 St. Jacques Street, suite 300 Nagulendran and Adib Rehman of the Ministry Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2Y 1N9 of Science, Technology and the Environment, Phone: 1 (514) 288 2220 Malaysia for their assistance in facilitating the Fax: 1 (514) 288 6588 printing of the document in Kuala Lumpur. E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.biodiv.org Photo credits and cover: Martina and Robert Hoft Text layout: Tina and Jo Mulongoy Printed in Malaysia Key biodiversity issues for protected areas FOREWORD Establishment and management of protected In order to provide an input to the seventh areas together with conservation, sustainable use meeting of the Conference of Parties, the and restoration initiatives in the adjacent land Secretariat requested members of the Ad Hoc and seascape are central to Article 8 on “In-Situ Technical Expert Group on Protected Areas Conservation” of the Convention on Biological established by the Conference of the Parties at its Diversity (CBD). Protected areas are known to sixth meeting and other experts, including in provide a range of goods and ecological services particular members of the IUCN World while preserving natural and cultural heritage. Commission on Protected Areas to gather They are thus essential components in national practical information on key biodiversity issues and global biodiversity conservation strategies. relating to protected areas. A synthesis of these There are now more than 100,000 protected views was presented in a joint publication with area sites worldwide. However, according to the UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre, best available data, they do not adequately cover entitled “Protected Areas and Biodiversity – An all ecosystems, habitats and species important Overview of Key Issues “. for conservation. In particular, while 12% of the The original contributions are considered so Earth’s land surface is within protected areas, valuable in themselves that they deserve less than one per cent of the world’s marine publication. They highlight critical issues ecosystems are protected and other biomes, relating to the selection, planning and effective including major freshwater systems and management of protected areas for policy- grasslands, are poorly represented. makers, managers, and other actors in the Last year, participants in the Vth World protected area community. They benefited from Parks Congress held in Durban, South Africa the discussions and conclusions of the Vth emphasized that, although the 1982 target of World Parks Congress. 10% protected area coverage of each biome by I thank all those who have contributed to 2002 was met protected areas are currently not, this document. I express my deepest gratitude always sufficiently well planned or appropriately to the Swedish Scientific Council on Biological managed to maximize their contribution to Diversity, Shell International Limited and the sustainable development including stemming International Council on Mining and Metals for global biodiversity loss. Therefore, there is an their financial support. I wish to acknowledge urgent need to take action to improve the IUCN – The World Conservation Union, the coverage, representativeness and effectiveness of World Commission on Protected Areas and the protected areas nationally, regionally and UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre globally. for joining efforts to gather the information The 7th meeting of the Conference of the published in this volume of the CBD Technical Parties to be held in February 2004 in Kuala Series. I hope that this document will be of great Lumpur, Malaysia will consider protected areas help to various protected area stakeholders and as one of its main themes and will consider will contribute to information exchange so adopting a programme of work on protected important for the implementation of Article 8 of areas with clearly identified targets. This event the Convention on Biological Diversity. provides a unique opportunity to ensure that protected areas play an important role in achieving the globally agreed target of significantly reducing, by 2010, the rate of Hamdallah Zedan biodiversity loss and thus support the objectives Executive Secretary of the Strategic Plan of the Convention, the Plan Convention on Biological Diversity of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development and the Millennium Development Goals. iii LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ABS Access and Benefit Sharing ADB Asian Development Bank AfDB African Development Bank AHTEG Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group
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