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Escuela Técnica Superior De Ingeniería Agronómica Y De Montes Departamento De Agronomía Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes Departamento de Agronomía Respuesta de Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) y sus enemigos naturales entomófagos a la colonización de plantas de melón por hongos entomopatógenos endófitos Tesis presentada por Dña. Natalia González Mas para optar por el grado de Doctora por la Universidad de Córdoba Fdo. Natalia González Mas V°B° del Director Fdo. Prof. Dr. D. Enrique Quesada Moraga Catedrático de Universidad E.T.S.I.A.M. Universidad de Córdoba Córdoba, junio de 2019 TITULO: RESPUESTA DE APHIS GOSSYPII GLOVER(HOMOPTERA:APHIDIDAE) Y SUS ENEMIGOS NATURALES ENTOMÓFAGOS A LA COLONIZACIÓN DE PLANTAS DE MELÓN POR HONGOS ENTOMOPATÓGENOS ENDÓFITOS AUTOR: Natalia González Mas © Edita: UCOPress. 2019 Campus de Rabanales Ctra. Nacional IV, Km. 396 A 14071 Córdoba https://www.uco.es/ucopress/index.php/es/ [email protected] School of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering Department of Agronomy Response of Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) and its entomophagous natural enemies to the colonization of melon plants by endophytic entomopathogenic fungi Thesis presented by Mrs. Natalia González Mas to qualify for the degree of Doctor by the University of Cordoba Signed Natalia González Mas Director’s approval: Signed Prof. PhD. Mr. Enrique Quesada Moraga University Full Professor E.T.S.I.A.M. University of Cordoba Cordoba, June 2019 TÍTULO DE LA TESIS: Respuesta de Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) y sus enemigos naturales entomófagos a la colonización de plantas de melón por hongos entomopatógenos endófitos. DOCTORANDO: NATALIA GONZÁLEZ MAS INFORME RAZONADO DEL/ LOS DIRECTOR/ES DE LA TESIS El Prof. D. Enrique Quesada Moraga, Doctor Ingeniero Agrónomo, Profesor Catedrático de Producción Vegetal de la Universidad de Córdoba, en el Departamento de Agronomía de la E.T.S.I.A.M., y Responsable del Grupo PAIDI AGR 163 “Entomología Agrícola”. INFORMA: que el trabajo titulado “Respuesta de Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) y sus enemigos naturales entomófagos a la colonización de plantas de melón por hongos entomopatógenos endófitos” realizado bajo mi dirección por Dña. Natalia González Mas, lo considero ya finalizado y que se han completado con éxito todos los objetivos planteados en dicho trabajo de investigación. Que dicha Tesis Doctoral se va a presentar como compendio de publicaciones, las cuales se indican a continuación: González-Mas N, Sánchez-Ortiz A, Valverde-Garcia P, Quesada-Moraga E (2019) Effects of endophytic entomopathogenic ascomycetes on Aphis gossypii Glover Life-History Traits and interaction with melon plants. Insects. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10060165. Factor de Impacto: 1.848, posición Q1 (21/96) en “Entomology”. González-Mas N, Quesada-Moraga E, Plaza M, Fereres A, Moreno A (2019) Changes in feeding behaviour are not related to the reduction in the transmission rate of plant viruses by Aphis gossypii (Homoptera: Aphididae) to melon plants colonized by B. bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales). Biological Control 130, 95-103, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2018.11.001. Factor de Impacto: 2.112, posición Q1 (13/96) en “Entomology”. Gonzalez‑Mas N, Cuenca‑Medina M, Gutierrez‑Sanchez F, Quesada‑ Moraga E (2019) Bottom-up effects of endophytic B. bassiana on multitrophic interactions between the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, and its natural enemies in melon. Journal of Pest Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-019-01098-5. Factor de Impacto: 4.402, posición Q1 (2/96) en “Entomology”. Por todo ello, puede ser presentado para su exposición y defensa como Tesis Doctoral en el Departamento de Agronomía de la Universidad de Córdoba. Fdo.: Dr. D. Enrique Quesada Moraga Córdoba, junio de 2019 MENCIÓN DE DOCTORADO INTERNACIONAL La presente Tesis Doctoral cumple los requisitos establecidos por la Universidad de Córdoba para la obtención del título de Doctor con Mención Internacional: • Estancia internacional predoctoral de 3 meses (del 22 de mayo al 18 de agosto de 2017) en el grupo de investigación “Fundamental and applied research in chemical ecology” de la Universidad de Neuchâtel (Neuchâtel, Suiza), bajo la supervisión del Profesor Ted Turlings, director del Centro de Competencia de Ecología Química (Centre of Competence In Chemical Ecology) de la Universidad de Neuchâtel. • La Tesis Doctoral cuenta con el informe previo de dos doctores externos con experiencia acreditada pertenecientes a alguna institución de educación superior o instituto de investigación diferente a España: o Dr. José A. Pereira, Investigador Sénior del Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Portugal. o Dr. Eustachio Tarasco, Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Italy. • Como miembro del tribunal, un doctor perteneciente a alguna institución de educación superior o centro de investigación no español forma parte del tribunal evaluador de la tesis: Dra. Paula Baptista, Departamento Biologia e Biotecnologia, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Portugal. • Parte de la Tesis Doctoral, de acuerdo a la normativa, se ha redactado y se presentará en dos idiomas, castellano e inglés. La Doctoranda Fdo.: Natalia González Mas TESIS PRESENTADA POR COMPENDIO DE ARTÍCULOS Esta Tesis cumple el requisito establecido por la Universidad de Córdoba para su presentación como compendio de artículos. Consta de un mínimo de tres artículos publicados o aceptados en revistas incluidas en los tres primeros cuartiles de la relación de revistas del ámbito de la especialidad y referencias en la última relación publicada por Journal Citation Reports (SCI): González-Mas N, Sánchez-Ortiz A, Valverde-Garcia P, Quesada-Moraga E (2019) Effects of endophytic entomopathogenic ascomycetes on Aphis gossypii Glover Life-History Traits and interaction with melon plants. Insects. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10060165. Factor de Impacto: 1.848, posición Q1 (21/96) en “Entomology”. González-Mas N, Quesada-Moraga E, Plaza M, Fereres A, Moreno A (2019) Changes in feeding behaviour are not related to the reduction in the transmission rate of plant viruses by Aphis gossypii (Homoptera: Aphididae) to melon plants colonized by B. bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales). Biological Control 130, 95-103, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2018.11.001. Factor de Impacto: 2.112, posición Q1 (13/96) en “Entomology”. Gonzalez‑Mas N, Cuenca‑Medina M, Gutierrez‑Sanchez F, Quesada‑Moraga E (2019) Bottom-up effects of endophytic B. bassiana on multitrophic interactions between the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, and its natural enemies in melon. Journal of Pest Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-019-01098- 5. Factor de Impacto: 4.402, posición Q1 (2/96) en “Entomology”. La Doctoranda Fdo.: Natalia González Mas Los trabajos incluidos en esta Tesis Doctoral han sido financiados por los Proyectos de Investigación AGR-P11-7681, de la Junta de Andalucía, y AGL 2016-80483-R, del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad. La doctoranda ha contado con la ayuda de una beca FPU del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte para la realización de la presente Tesis Doctoral con referencia: FPU13/06342. Agradecimientos En primer lugar, dar las gracias a mi director Enrique Quesada, por darme la oportunidad de formar parte de su grupo de investigación. Por haberme transmitido su entusiasmo por la investigación y por su confianza, apoyo y motivación desde mi llegada y a lo largo de todos estos años. A todos mis compañeros de laboratorio: Mis compañeros de despacho, María y Meelad que sobre todo vosotros habéis vivido conmigo mis momentos todos los altibajos, alegrías y decepciones, por estar ahí y animarme y ayudarme siempre. A Inma por su predisposición a ayudar siempre. A mis compañeros y amigos Fernando y María, por vuestra ayuda y colaboración para llevar a cabo esta tesis y por sus ánimos, yo también he aprendido mucho de vosotros. Aunque ha habido momentos en los que os he querido matar ahora os quiero mucho ;) A los recién llegados Toñi y Rafa, que llevan poco tiempo pero que han colaborado en hacer este final más llevadero. A Sandra y María Victoria, por su ayuda y ánimos, sobre todo al principio. Cómo echo de menos cruzar la puerta y encontrarte Sandrita. A todos los compañeros que habéis pasado por el laboratorio y por mi vida, y sin los que esta tesis no habría salido igual seguramente: Lola, Carmen, Álex, Gloria, Enrique, Adrián y Dani. A Alberto Fereres y a Arancha Moreno, y a todos los compañeros del ICA-CSIC de Madrid, María, Elisa, Jaime, Michelle, Mauricelia, Pilar, Andrés, Casimiro y Laura, por todo lo aprendido allí y ayuda prestada durante mi estancia y a lo largo de estos años. Me hicisteis sentir doblemente en casa. ¡Muchísimas gracias! Al profesor Ted Turlings, por darme la oportunidad de llevar a cabo una estancia en su laboratorio en Suiza, y por todo lo aprendido allí, todos mis compañeros y amigos que hice durante mi estancia en Suiza: Hao, Luca, Sonia, Charlyne, Diane, Carlos, Apostolos, Juan, Patrick, Pamela, Audrey, Carla y Alfonso. Por hacérmelo más fácil y todos los buenos ratos pasados. A Pili, sin ti si que esta estancia no hubiera sido igual. Por hacerme sentir cerca de casa y esas confesiones en el lago con los cisnes de testigo. Doy gracias por haberte conocido amiga y ojalá coincidamos otra vez. A Araceli Sánchez, por su paciencia y buen humor trabajando siempre. Por todo lo que he aprendido durante mis visitas al IFAPA de Jaén. A Pablo Valverde, muchísimas gracias por tu ayuda y ánimos. No sé que haríamos sin ti. Y, ya por último, a mi familia, mis padres, mi abuela y mi hermana, a los que siento que les he quitado tiempo de estar juntos con esto de haberme asentado en el sur, pero que sin vuestra ayuda y apoyo incondicional esto no habría sido posible. ¡Muchísimas gracias! Resumen: La evolución de la agricultura hacia un modelo más sostenible requiere reemplazar progresivamente los insecticidas químicos de síntesis por otras alternativas de control de plagas de insectos más respetuosas con el medioambiente y el ser humano, para garantizar la seguridad e inocuidad alimentarias.
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