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Home , Gay bar, Intersex flag, LGBT rights in Scotland, Mermaids (charity), Roberta Cowell, Stonewall (charity)

Celebrating Pride

History, glossary and further info 1500: The ‘Buggery act’ outlawed 1970: The establishment of the Key Events in Britain, making Liberation Front. This Pride is held in June to it punishable by death. After freedom movement was formed mark the anniversary of the 200 years, the death penalty after seeing the effects of GLF in riots, a series of was abolished and replaced the US. They sought to take their protests that occurred in by a minimum 10 years of own actions for LGBTQ+ rights. imprisonment. after police 1972: The GLF host the first attempted to raid the 1951: The first known case London Pride event on the , a popular of reassignment surgery. anniversary of the Stonewall gay , in the early hours Roberta Cowell, a , riots. Around 2000 people of June 28, 1969. underwent reassignment attended. Pride events now see surgery. She was assigned male millions of attendees marching to The confrontation sparked at birth, but later had her sex celebrate the LGBTQ+ community a gay rights uprising legally changed to and around the world. underwent vaginoplasty surgery. that grew year on year - 1978: Gilbert Baker, artist and including in other American 1964: The formation of the North gay rights activist, designs the cities and abroad - with Western Homosexual Law Reform Pride .It originally had eight each anniversary. Committee (NWHLRC). This group colours, but two were dropped to The movement also worked to promote legal and make mass-production easier. It is social equality for , gay, now a widely-recognised symbol spawned the British and bisexual people. It is now of LGBTQ+. charity Stonewall which known as the Campaign for 1979: The Harry Benjamin was founded in 1989 to Homosexual Equality. lobby for equal rights for International Dysphoria LGBTQ+ people and is now 1966: The formation of the Association is founded. The Beaumont Society. This trans- group’s aim was effective the biggest LGBTQ+ rights support group aimed to provide understanding and treatment organisation in . better information and awareness of . It is now Pride celebrations today about people and known as the World Professional often take the form of act as a self-help and social Association for Transgender large, colourful marches organisation for them. Health, which “strives to promote a high quality of care through city centres. 1967: The Sexual Offences Act for , transgender, and Although it is a celebration decriminalises sex between two gender-nonconforming individuals men over 21 ‘in private’. However, of LGBTQ+ people, non- internationally.” LGBTQ+ people who believe homosexuality was still widely in equality are welcome. discriminated against, and the Act 1985: Men who have sex with men still led to arrests, as certain acts (MSM) banned from donating Please be aware that some were still considered illegal. blood. A lifetime ban was enacted of the terminology in the due to fears amid the HIV/AIDS 1969: The crisis of the ‘80s. The ban was not timeline (right) is now occurred. This was one of the lifted until 2011 (see also 2021). considered outdated and most significant events in LGBT may offend. history. Riots by LGBTQ+ people 1988: The introduction of Section were sparked after police 28 of the Local Government Act. raided the Stonewall Inn (now a This was a major step backwards National Historic Landmark), a for the promotion of LGBTQ+ famous gay bar in New York City. rights and awareness, triggering Activists groups, including the Gay a huge uproar and renewed Liberation Front (GLF) formed as momentum in LGBTQ+ activism. a result and the Stonewall riots The Section stated that local are now remembered as one authorities “shall not intentionally of the most important catalysts promote homosexuality or publish for modern LGBT movements material with the intention worldwide. of promoting homosexuality”

Page 2 James Paget University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Celebrating Pride or “promote the teaching in was repealed in 2003 in , relationships and sex education any maintained school of the Wales, and Northern Ireland. In (RSE) mandatory in all schools in acceptability of homosexuality as 2004, the Gender Recognition Act England and Wales as of 2019. a pretended family relationship”. passed, which allows transgender 2017: The 1-year ban on MSM for people to fully and legally 1988: The formation of Stonewall donating blood is changed to 3 identify with their chosen gender, UK, which is now the largest LGBT months. Northern Ireland still has as well as acquire a new birth organisation in Europe. It was the 1-year ban in place. certificate. founded by Sir Ian McKellen, Lisa 2017: PrEP widely available for Power MBE, and Lord Cashman 2011: The lifetime ban on MSM free in . Pre-exposure CBE in response to and from donating blood is lifted prophylaxis (or PrEP) is an HIV to to campaign for LGBT rights. in the UK (excluding Northern prevention medication for groups Ireland until 2016). However, 1990: LGBT rights group OutRage. at high risk of HIV infection. a 1-year ban was put in place In response to the murder of five instead, meaning they could not 2019: The World Health , a candlelit vigil was donate blood if they had been Organisation declassifies held in London and the group sexually active in the last 12 transgender health issues as OutRage was created as a result. months (see 2021). a mental illness. Graeme Reid They campaigned against police (LGBT rights director at Human mistreatment of LGBT people, as 2013: Stonewall UK launches Rights Watch) said the changes well as for other political actions. ‘Gay. Let’s get over it’ campaign would have a “liberating in schools. Its aim is to address 1992: The World Health effect on transgender people homophobic language and Organisation declassifies worldwide”. as a whole. homosexuality as a mental 2020: Same-sex marriage illness. This was a huge step 2013: The first Trans Pride event legalised in Northern Ireland. The forward, as LGBTQ+ people had happens in Brighton. Around first marriage ceremony occurred previously received controversial 450 people took part and it was on 11th February 2020. and often detrimental treatments said to be the first of its kind in to try and ‘cure’ their sexuality. Europe. London’s first Trans Pride 2020: PrEP widely available for march occurred in 2019 and saw free in England and Wales. 1994: The for more than 1,500 attendees. same-sex relations between men 2021: Ban on donating blood is is lowered to 18. It wasn’t until 2014: The Marriage (Same-Sex changed to 3 months post sexual 2001 that it was lowered to 16 to Couples) Act comes into effect activity for all . Donor be equal to the heterosexual age in England and Wales, finally eligibility questions will now be of consent. making same-sex marriage legal. the same for all, regardless of Scotland followed suit later in the age, gender or . 1995: The formation of the trans same year. children support group . Their aim was and still is to offer support and guidance to trans and gender-diverse children, young people, and their families. They also work to educate and spread awareness in society. 2000-2010: The new millennium and its first decade saw huge steps forward for LGBTQ+ rights in the UK. In the year 2000, the ban on lesbian, gay, and bisexual people serving in the army was lifted by UK Government. In 2002, same sex couples in the UK received equal rights for adoption 2017: The Children and Social as straight couples. Section 28 Work Bill is amended, making

James Paget University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Celebrating Pride Page 3 only under specific conditions. include a focus on identity as well as Using the Sometimes abbreviated to “aro” expression. (pronounced like “arrow”). right words: fluid(ity) – adj. : generally with asexual – adj. : experiencing little another term attached, like gender- an LGBTQ+ or no sexual attraction to others fluid or fluid-sexuality, fluid(ity) and/or a lack of interest in sexual describes an identity that may glossary relationships/behaviour. change or shift over time between exists on a continuum from people or within the mix of the options LGBTQ (Lesbian, Gay, who experience no sexual attraction available (e.g., man and woman, bi Bisexual, Transexual, ) or have any desire for sex, to those and straight). who experience low levels, or is an acronym meant to FtM / F2M; MtF / M2F – abbr. : sexual attraction only under specific encompass a range of diverse female-to-male transgender or conditions. Sometimes abbreviated transsexual person; male-to-female sexualities and genders. to “ace.” People often refer to the transgender or transsexual person. bigender – adj. : a person who gay – 1 adj. : experiencing attraction Q (standing for ‘queer’) as fluctuates between traditionally solely (or primarily) to some an umbrella term, under “woman” and “man” gender-based members of the same gender. Can which live many identities behaviour and identities, identifying be used to refer to men who are with both genders (or sometimes but it can also stand for attracted to other men and women identifying with either man or ‘questioning’, relating to who are attracted to women. 2 adj. woman, as well as a third, different : an umbrella term used to refer to people who are figuring gender). out their sexual orientation the queer community as a whole, or . Here bisexual – 1 noun & adj. : a person or as an individual identity label for who experiences attraction to some anyone who is not straight. is a list of definitions for men and women. 2 adj. : a person – noun : the idea that terminology relating to who experiences attraction to some there are only two genders and that people of their gender and another LGBTQ+ identities & people, every person is one of those two. sexualities, and genders: gender. Bisexual attraction does not have to be equally split, or indicate – noun : the a level of interest that is the same external display of one’s gender, agender – adj. : a person with across the genders an individual through a combination of clothing, no (or very little) connection to may be attracted to. Often used grooming, demeanor, social the traditional system of gender, interchangeably with “pansexual”. behaviour, and other factors, no personal alignment with the generally made sense of on scales concepts of either man or woman, /“siss-jendur”/ – adj. : of masculinity and femininity. and/or someone who sees themselves a gender description for when Also referred to as “gender as existing without gender. someone’s sex assigned at birth and presentation.” Sometimes called gender neutrois, gender identity correspond in the gender neutral, or genderless. expected way (e.g., someone who gender fluid – adj. : a gender identity was assigned male at birth, and best described as a dynamic mix of ally /“al-lie”/ – noun : a (typically identifies as a man). A simple way boy and girl. A person who is gender straight and/or cisgender) person to think about it is if a person is not fluid may always feel like a mix of who supports and respects members transgender, they are cisgender. the two traditional genders, but may of the LGBTQ community. The word cisgender can also be feel more man some days, and more /“an-jrah-jun-ee”/ shortened to “cis.” woman other days. (androgynous) – 1 noun. : a gender demiromantic – adj. : little or no gender identity – noun : the internal expression that has elements of capacity to experience romantic perception of an one’s gender, and both masculinity and femininity; 2 attraction until a strong sexual how they label themselves, based adj. : occasionally used in place of connection is formed with someone, on how much they align or don’t “” to describe a person with often within a sexual relationship. align with what they understand both female and male anatomy, their options for gender to be. Often generally in the form “androgyne.” demisexual – adj. : little or no conflated with biological sex, or sex capacity to experience sexual aromantic /”ay-ro-man-tic”/ – adj. : assigned at birth. attraction until a strong romantic experiencing little or no romantic connection is formed with someone, gender non-conforming – 1 adj. : a attraction to others and/or has a lack often within a romantic relationship. gender expression descriptor that of interest in romantic relationships/ indicates a non-traditional gender behaviour. Aromanticism exists feminine-presenting; masculine- presentation (masculine woman or on a continuum from people who presenting – adj. : a way to describe feminine man). 2 adj. : a gender experience no romantic attraction someone who expresses gender in a identity label that indicates a person or have any desire for romantic more feminine/masculine way. Often who identifies outside of the gender activities, to those who experience confused with feminine-of-center/ binary. Often abbreviated as “GNC.” low levels, or romantic attraction masculine-of-center, which generally

Page 4 James Paget University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Celebrating Pride gender normative / gender straight questioning – verb, adj. : an top surgery – noun : this term refers – adj. : someone whose gender individual who or time when to surgery for the construction presentation, whether by nature someone is unsure about or exploring of a male-type chest or breast or by choice, aligns with society’s their own sexual orientation or augmentation for a female-type gender-based expectations. gender identity. chest. homosexual – adj. & noun : a person sex assigned at birth (SAAB) – abbr. trans* – adj. : an umbrella term primarily emotionally, physically, : a phrase used to intentionally covering a range of identities that and/or sexually attracted to recognize a person’s assigned sex transgress socially-defined gender members of the same sex/gender. (not gender identity). norms. Trans with an asterisk is often This [medical] term is considered used in written forms (not spoken) sexual orientation – noun : the type stigmatizing (particularly as a noun) to indicate that you are referring to of sexual, romantic, emotional/ due to its history as a category of the larger group nature of the term, spiritual attraction one has the mental illness, and is discouraged and specifically including non-binary capacity to feel for some others, for common use (use gay or lesbian identities, as well as transgender men generally labeled based on the instead). (transmen) and transgender women gender relationship between the (transwomen). intersex – adj. : term for a person and the people they are combination of chromosomes, attracted to. Often confused with transgender – 1 adj. : a gender gonads, hormones, internal sex sexual preference. description for someone who has organs, and genitals that differs transitioned (or is transitioning) from sexual preference – noun : the types from the two expected patterns of living as one gender to another. 2 of sexual intercourse, stimulation, male or female. Formerly known as adj. : an umbrella term for anyone and gratification one likes to (or hermaphroditic), whose sex assigned at birth and receive and participate in. Generally but these terms are now outdated gender identity do not correspond when this term is used, it is being and derogatory. in the expected way (e.g., someone mistakenly interchanged with “sexual who was assigned male at birth, but lesbian – noun & adj. : women who orientation,” creating an illusion that does not identify as a man). are primarily attracted romantically, one has a choice (or “preference”) in erotically, and/or emotionally to who they are attracted to. transition / transitioning – noun, other women. verb : referring to the process of a (SRS) transgender person changing aspects – verb : involuntary or – noun : used by some medical of themself (e.g., their appearance, unwanted disclosure of another professionals to refer to a group of name, pronouns, or making physical person’s sexual orientation, gender surgical options that alter a person’s changes to their body) to be more identity, or intersex status. biological sex. “Gender confirmation congruent with the gender they surgery” is considered by many to pansexual – adj. : a person who know themself to be (as opposed be a more affirming term. In most experiences sexual, romantic, to the gender they lived as pre- cases, one or multiple surgeries are physical, and/or spiritual attraction transitioning). required to achieve legal recognition for members of all gender identities/ of . Some refer to transman; transwoman – noun : An expressions. Often shortened to different surgical procedures as identity label sometimes adopted by “pan.” “top” surgery and “bottom” surgery female-to-male transgender people (polyamorous) – noun: to discuss what type of surgery they or to signify that they refers to the practice of, desire are having without having to be are men while still affirming their for, or orientation toward having more explicit. history as assigned female sex at ethical, honest, and consensual birth. (sometimes referred to as straight – adj. : a person primarily non-monogamous relationships transguy) 2 Identity label sometimes emotionally, physically, and/or (i.e. relationships that may include adopted by male-to-female sexually attracted to some people multiple partners). Often shortened transsexuals or transgender people who are not their same sex/gender. to “poly.” to signify that they are women A more colloquial term for the word while still affirming their history as queer – 1 adj. : an umbrella term heterosexual. assigned male sex at birth. to describe individuals who don’t – noun : for a person identify as straight and/or cisgender. ze / zir / “zee”, “zerr” or “zeer”/ – who does not identify with either 2 noun : a slur used to refer to alternate pronouns that are gender man or woman, but identifies someone who isn’t straight and/or neutral and preferred by some trans* with another gender. This gender cisgender. Due to its historical use as people. They replace “he” and “she” category is used by societies that a derogatory term, and how it is still and “his” and “hers” respectively. recognise three or more genders, used as a slur many communities, it Alternatively some people who are both contemporary and historic, and is not embraced or used by all LGBTQ not comfortable/do not embrace he/ is also a conceptual term meaning people. The term “queer” can often she use the plural pronoun “they/ different things to different people be use interchangeably with LGBTQ their” as a gender neutral singular who use it, as a way to move beyond (e.g., “queer people” instead of pronoun. the gender binary. “LGBTQ people”).

James Paget University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Celebrating Pride Page 5 LGBTQ+LGBTQ-INCLUSIVE - inclusive LANGUAGElanguage DOs DOs andand DON’TsDON’Ts AVOID SAYING... SAY INSTEAD... WHY? EXAMPLE

Hermaphrodite is a stigmatizing, "What are the best practices for "Hermaphrodite" "Intersex" inaccurate word with a negative the medical care of intersex medical history. infants?"

"Homosexual" often connotes a "We want to do a better job of "Homosexual" "Gay" medical diagnosis, or a discomfort being inclusive of our gay with gay/lesbian people. employees."

"Assigned" language accurately "Born female" or depicts the situation of what "Born male" happens at birth

"Max was assigned female at birth, "Assigned female/male then he transitioned in high at birth" school." "-bodied" language is often "Female-bodied" or interpreted as as pressure to "Male-bodied" medically transition, or invalidation of one's gender identity

"A gay" or "a "A gay/transgender Gay and transgender are adjectives "We had a transgender athlete in transgender" person" that describe a person/group our league this year. "

Saying "normal" implies "This group is open to both "Transgender people "Transgender people "abnormal," which is a stigmatizing transgender and cisgender and normal people" and cisgender people" way to refer to a person. people."

"Both" implies there are only two; "Video games aren't just a boy "Both genders" or "All genders" "Opposite" reinforces antagonism thing -- kids of all genders play "Opposite " amongst genders them."

Moving away from binary language "Ladies and "Everyone," "Folks," "Good morning everyone, next is more inclusive of people of all gentlemen" "Honored guests," etc stop Picadilly Station." genders "Mail clerk," "Mailman," "fireman," "I actually saw a firefighter rescue "Firefighter," "Police People of all genders do these jobs "policeman," etc. a cat from a tree." officer," etc.

"It" when referring to "It" is for referring to things, not "You know, I am not sure how they someone (e.g., when "They" people. identify." pronouns are unknown)

Page 6 James Paget University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Celebrating Pride More information https://www.history.com/news/stonewall-riots-timeline https://www.stonewall.org.uk/about-us/news/stonewall-uprising-50-years--history

TED Talks: TED is a non-profit organisation devoted to spreading ideas via powerful talks. The videos cover many topics from technology to entertainment, science to global issues. We love these TED talks: Tiq Milan & Kim Katrin Milan – A queer vision of love and marriage

Lee Mokobe – A powerful poem about what it feels like to be transgender Thomas Lloyd – Why am I “so gay”? Geena Rocero – Why I must come out https://norwichpride.org.uk/ https://prideinlondon.org/

We hope you enjoy these videos, there https://gywpride.org are many more on TED for you to watch too!

https://suffolkpride.org.uk

James Paget University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Celebrating Pride Page 7 Pride

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The images above show just some of the Pride flags which are flown across the world. Here is some more information about them:

1 Rainbow flag: designed by artist Gilbert Baker in 6 Genderqueer flag: the genderqueer flag highlights 1978, it adopts the eight colours of the rainbow, each androgyny with lavender, agender identities with with its own meaning (hot pink for sex, red for life, white, and nonbinary people with green. Some orange for healing, yellow for sunlight, green for people refer to it as a nonbinary flag. nature, turquoise for art, indigo for harmony, and violet for spirit). 7 Aromantic flag: the colours of this flag represent aromanticism. An aromantic is someone who does 2 Progress : a development of the Rainbow not experience romantic attraction, or does so in flag, the white, pink, and light blue reflect the colors a significantly different way than is traditionally of the , while the brown and black thought of. stripes represent people of color and those lost to AIDS. 8 Lesbian flag: introduced in 2018, with the dark orange stripe representing gender non-conformity, 3 Bisexual flag: brings visibility to the bisexual the orange stripe representing independence, the community, showing the overlap of the stereotypical light orange stripe representing community, the colours for boys and girls. The flag was inspired by white stripe representing unique relationships to an older symbol of : the “biangles,” two womanhood, the pink stripe representing serenity overlapping pink and dark blue triangles. and peace, the dusty pink stripe representing love and sex, and the dark rose stripe representing 4 : designed in 2013 by the organisation femininity. Intersex International , this flag intentionally features nongendered colours that celebrate living 9 Pansexual flag: this flag has colours that represent outside the binary. ’s interest in all genders as partners. The pink represents women, yellow nonbinary and 5 Transgender flag: designed in 1999, the light blue of gender-nonconforming people, and the blue is for this flag is the traditional colour for baby boys, pink men. is for girls, and the white in the middle is for those who are transitioning, those who feel they have a The main source of this information is neutral gender or no gender, and those who are www.advocate.com where more information can be intersexed. found on the history and variety of Pride flags.

© June 2021 James Paget University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Review Date: June 2024 version 1