DOCSLIB.ORG

Catalytic Cyclocondensation of Acetone to Isophorone

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Catalytic Cyclocondensation of Acetone to Isophorone 1l1dian Joumal of Chemistry VoL )8B, January 1999, pp 24 - 28 Catalytic Cyclocondensation of acetone to isophorone K V Ramanamurty & G S Salvapati * Indi an Institute of Chemical Techn ology, Coal and Gas Tec hno logy Di vision Hyderabad 500007, Indi a Received 12 March 1997; accepted (revised ) 13 Feb ntary 1998 Cyclocondensation of acetone in vo lves aldol co ndensati on leadin g initiall y to the primary condensation prod ucts (PCP), di acetone alcohol and mesityl ox ide, whi ch again react with acetone to form phorone, isop horone, mesitylene. etc. Relative selectiv ities of chromi a, y-alumin a, mag nesia and calci um ox id e catalys ts have been stud ied in a flow reac tor at 360-520 'c. Alu mi na and magnesia are fo und to favo ur isop horone fo rmation at 360 'c with 45 % selectivi ty but the selectivity steeply fa ll s with the in crease in temperatu re to 520 'c due to rise in decomposition prod ucts.' Primary condensation products are formed more wi th magnesia; selec ti vity to mes it ylene is mo re wi th CaO (-66% at 40U-480 'C) and Cr20 ] (50-55% at 480-520 ' C). Cyclocondensation of acetone proceeds initiall y by aldol (24 g) was packed in the iso th er-mal region of th e reactor. condensation of acetone to form diacetone alcohol, whi ch Nitrugen' gas was passed at th e rate of 180 mLlhr through on rapid dehydrati on gives mesityl ox ide. The sequence of the s:istem during the heating peri od to purge the system reactions that follow thereafter give ri se to a compl ex free of air and also during the experimental ru n to maintain mixture of products due to competiti ve self-condensati on uniform now of reaction products. Acetone (SOH reagent and cross condensati on between different ketones that are grade) was fed at the rate of 0. 5mLlmin from th e top of the fo rmed in the reacti on as well as by condensati on of acetone reactor by means of a mi cro feed pump. The system was with ketones. Main products fo rmed in these reactions are fo und to attain a steady state aft er 30 min . of process isophorone, mesitylene, phorone, 3,5-xyl enol, m-cresol and period. xylenes. Schemes for formati on of th ese products are l Catalysts (a) Y -alumina: Alumi nium scrap (AI 99.9%, Fe described in detail in our earli er publicati ons .] However, a 0. 1% max) was di ssolved in 5N HCI and ammonia soluti on general scheme is give n in Figure 1. ( 17 %) added to it dropwise under constant sti rring to bring The two primary intermedi ate condensati on products pH to 8. The aluminium hydroxide ge l was filtered, dried at (di acetone alcohol and mesityl oxide) and other pro-ducts 110 'c and calcined at 550 'c for 24 hr. The final materi al find many industri al applicati ons: Isophorone is a well was found to contain a chl oride content of 166 ppm (as kn own industri al solve nt for epoxy and phenoli c res inso. It determined by Mohrs method). Pellets of 4mm x 4mm size is also used for the preparati on of 3,5-xylenol whi ch find s we re prepared. applicati on in the manufact.ure of formaldehyde res ins6 and 7 formul ati ons with ant ibac- teria l and fun gicidal properti es . (b) Magnesia: Magnesi um carbonate (Sarabhai Chemi -cals, Other intermediates also find industri al applicati ons, for Baroda, India) was calcined at 600 'c fo r 6 hr to get 8 example di acetone alcohol in hydrauli c nuids , its aqueous magnestum ox ide. Pell ets of 4mm x 4mm size were solution (25 %) as bacteri cide to staphylococciY and mesit yl prepared. oxide as solve nt for phenol formaldehyde resinslo and PVC (c) CalciUlm oxide: Calcium oxide was prepared by composition II . calcining calcium carbonate (BOH reagent grade) at 600 'c In th e present study, th e catalys ts CaO, MgO, AI20 J and fo r 6 hr. Pell ets of 4mm x 4mm size we re prepared. Cr20] have been evaluated at 360-560 ·C and LHSV 1.0 for th eir selecti vit y in direct conve rsion of acetone to (d) Chmmium oxide: Chromium oxide ge l was isoph orone. prec ipitated from chromiu m sul phate (Apex Chemicals, Materials and Methods: Bombay, Indi a, reagent grade) by ad ding ammoni a solut ion ( 17 %) dropwise under constant stirring. The result ing ge l Apparatus: The experimental unit is essent ia ll y th e same as was fi It ered, dried at I 10 "c, and calcined at 500 "c fo r 4 hr. desc ri bed in our earli er paper I. The reactor consists of a Pel lets of 4mm x 4mm size we re prepared. ve rti cal tuhul ar r:.., ac tor (2 2 mm i.d. and 25mm o.d.) heatrd hy an elec trical furn ace. The catalys t (4 mm x 4mm pell ets) Phys ical propert ies of the catalysts arc given in Table L RAMANAMURTY et al. : CYCLOCONDENSAnON OF ACETONE TO ISOPHORONE 25 (~ I +(H3-(&0 (H'3 .(0.(H _ 3 Acetone I so x ylitone s Figure 1-Scheme of formation of reaction products in the cyc1ocondensation of acetone. 0.98 respectively. Gaseous products collected during these Analysis. Liquid products collected during the experi-ments experiments at 480-520 °c accounted for -4% based on the were analysed using 115" X 8' column of Ov-17 as feed, and the coke formation was -3%, the rest was liquid chromosorb W with flame ionization detector (FlD) by products. Analysis of the gas samples showed the presence programming the oven temperature at 5 °C/min between 60 of ethylene, propylene, isobutene, CO and CO which are and 180 °C, acetone content in the product was analysed by 2 formed by the decomposition of mesitylene, diacetone internal standard method using n-propanol as standard over alcohol and acetone respectively. 15% Carbo wax -20M on Chromo sorb W at 60 °C. Analysis Results and Discussion: of the product mixtures was done by internal normalisation method by taking diacetone alcohol as standard. The Conversion of acetone to isophorone is visualized along relative weight response factors of mesityl oxide, phorone, the reaction path: acetone ~ diacetone alcohol ~ mesityl iso-phorone and mesitylene were to be 1.08, 0.82, 0.79 and oxide ~ isophorone l.2·12. Thus, the reactions involved are aldol condensation to diacetone alcohol, its dehydration to mesityl oxide and cyclization reaction leading to isophorone Table I - Physical properties of catalysts the formation of (as shown in Figure 1). Maj or side Property Catalyst reactions are decomposition reactions of mesityl oxide or Cr203 y-AI 2O, MgO Cao diacetone alcohol giving isobutene, which is cyc1ized to 3 Surface Area (m2/g) 80 160 120 60 mesitylene . Bulk density (glmL) 0.61 0.75 0.83 0.89 Alumina catalyst was tried at low temperatures (60- 100 Mean pore radius (A) 40.0 45 .5 38.0 42.5 0c) to give mainly diacetone alcohol 13. At 300-500 °c and Cumulative pore volume 0.35 0.48 0.31 0.52 under a pressure of 200 atmospheres, the main product was (mUg at STP) I4 15 mesitylene . , the formation of which was considerably 26 INDIAN J CHEM, SEC. B, JANUARY 1999 hig her than in the case of H2S04 as catalyst I S In the present work , formation of isophorone was fav oured at 300-360 ·C 100 (- II %) but thereafter it decreased due to the mu lt iplicity of products (Figure 2). Mesitylene formation was also more 80 (2 1%) at 480-520 .c. Magnesia is well known to promote aldol condensa-tion of acetone but its efficacy in the 60 cycl izati on reac-ti on leading to isophorone is not well 0~ establi shed 17.18.19 ItO Mag nesia was found to be more active at 440-520 ·C 20 (Figure 3) to give primary the condensation products MgO (mainl y mesit yl oxide) ( 19%) rather than isophorone. CI However, formati on of 7% mesity lene with 27 % selecti -v it y 360 1.00 1.1.0 1.60 at 520 ·C and a max imum of 6% isophorone at 440 ·C (Figure 4) TEMPERATU RE " C Figure 4--Erfect of temperature on selecti vit y to mesit ylene. 1.0 30 ~ 50 •-J 20 o • ~ 10 40 ~ 30 300 TE MPERATURP C 20 f>..c.---o.---.:~~.. A 1203 10 t. ( 00 H gl) Figure 2--Effect of temperatu re on produci composi ti on with - Cr203 AI o 20 , catalyst. 360 400 1. 40 480 520 TEMP ERA TUR E • C Figure 5-EITcc t of temperature on selecti vi ty tl) isophorone . .-. PCP ~ Mesitylene renders it less selec ti ve to isoflhorone. Both alumina and lr--A Isop hor one Magnes ia have hett er se lec tivi ty compared to isophorone at low tem peratures (- 360 "C) than oth er catalys ts , but there was a steep fall in se lectivit y with the increase in reaction 20 temperature to 520 'c (Figure 5) due to the rise in the amount of decompositi on products. 16 Chro mi a is a we ll kn own catal ys t in the Jromatiza ti on of hydrocarhons.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Report of the Advisory Group to Recommend Priorities for the IARC Monographs During 2020–2024
    IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans Report of the Advisory Group to Recommend Priorities for the IARC Monographs during 2020–2024 Report of the Advisory Group to Recommend Priorities for the IARC Monographs during 2020–2024 CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1 Acetaldehyde (CAS No. 75-07-0) ................................................................................................. 3 Acrolein (CAS No. 107-02-8) ....................................................................................................... 4 Acrylamide (CAS No. 79-06-1) .................................................................................................... 5 Acrylonitrile (CAS No. 107-13-1) ................................................................................................ 6 Aflatoxins (CAS No. 1402-68-2) .................................................................................................. 8 Air pollutants and underlying mechanisms for breast cancer ....................................................... 9 Airborne gram-negative bacterial endotoxins ............................................................................. 10 Alachlor (chloroacetanilide herbicide) (CAS No. 15972-60-8) .................................................. 10 Aluminium (CAS No. 7429-90-5) .............................................................................................. 11
    [Show full text]
  • Safety Data Sheets
    SAFETY DATA SHEETS According to Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) - Sixth revised edition Version: 1.0 Creation Date: Feb. 6, 2018 Revision Date: Feb. 6, 2018 1. Identification 1.1 GHS Product identifier Product name Isophorone 1.2 Other means of identification Product number A601956 Other names Isooctopherone 1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use Identified uses Used for research and development only.Isophorone is used mainly as a solvent for concentrated vinyl chloride/acetate- based coating systems for metal cans, other metal paints, nitrocellulose finishes, and printing inks for plastics. Isophorone is also used in some herbicide and pesticide formulations and in adhesives for plastics, polyvinylchloride, and polystyrene materials. Isophorone is an intermediate in the synthesis of 3,5-xylenol, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanol, and plant growth retardants. Uses advised against no data available 1.4 Supplier's details Company Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Address 698 Xiangmin Road, Songjiang, Shanghai 201611, China Telephone +86-400-821-0268 / +86-800-820-1016 Fax +86-400-821-0268 to 9 1.5 Emergency phone number Emergency phone +86-21-57072055 number Service hours Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). 2. Hazard identification 2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture Acute toxicity - Oral, Category 4 Acute toxicity - Dermal, Category 4 Isophorone Page 1 of 11 Eye irritation, Category 2 Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure, Category 3 Carcinogenicity, Category 2 2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements Pictogram(s) Signal word Warning Hazard statement(s) H302 Harmful if swallowed H312 Harmful in contact with skin H319 Causes serious eye irritation H335 May cause respiratory irritation H351 Suspected of causing cancer Precautionary statement(s) Prevention P264 Wash ..
    [Show full text]
  • Gasket Chemical Services Guide
    Gasket Chemical Services Guide Revision: GSG-100 6490 Rev.(AA) • The information contained herein is general in nature and recommendations are valid only for Victaulic compounds. • Gasket compatibility is dependent upon a number of factors. Suitability for a particular application must be determined by a competent individual familiar with system-specific conditions. • Victaulic offers no warranties, expressed or implied, of a product in any application. Contact your Victaulic sales representative to ensure the best gasket is selected for a particular service. Failure to follow these instructions could cause system failure, resulting in serious personal injury and property damage. Rating Code Key 1 Most Applications 2 Limited Applications 3 Restricted Applications (Nitrile) (EPDM) Grade E (Silicone) GRADE L GRADE T GRADE A GRADE V GRADE O GRADE M (Neoprene) GRADE M2 --- Insufficient Data (White Nitrile) GRADE CHP-2 (Epichlorohydrin) (Fluoroelastomer) (Fluoroelastomer) (Halogenated Butyl) (Hydrogenated Nitrile) Chemical GRADE ST / H Abietic Acid --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- Acetaldehyde 2 3 3 3 3 --- --- 2 --- 3 Acetamide 1 1 1 1 2 --- --- 2 --- 3 Acetanilide 1 3 3 3 1 --- --- 2 --- 3 Acetic Acid, 30% 1 2 2 2 1 --- 2 1 2 3 Acetic Acid, 5% 1 2 2 2 1 --- 2 1 1 3 Acetic Acid, Glacial 1 3 3 3 3 --- 3 2 3 3 Acetic Acid, Hot, High Pressure 3 3 3 3 3 --- 3 3 3 3 Acetic Anhydride 2 3 3 3 2 --- 3 3 --- 3 Acetoacetic Acid 1 3 3 3 1 --- --- 2 --- 3 Acetone 1 3 3 3 3 --- 3 3 3 3 Acetone Cyanohydrin 1 3 3 3 1 --- --- 2 --- 3 Acetonitrile 1 3 3 3 1 --- --- --- --- 3 Acetophenetidine 3 2 2 2 3 --- --- --- --- 1 Acetophenone 1 3 3 3 3 --- 3 3 --- 3 Acetotoluidide 3 2 2 2 3 --- --- --- --- 1 Acetyl Acetone 1 3 3 3 3 --- 3 3 --- 3 The data and recommendations presented are based upon the best information available resulting from a combination of Victaulic's field experience, laboratory testing and recommendations supplied by prime producers of basic copolymer materials.
    [Show full text]
  • Ultraviolet Light/Hydrogen Peroxide, Fenton's Reagent, and Titanium
    ^^ f 1 POOR LEGIBILITY ONE OR MORE PAGES IN THIS DOCUMENT ARE DIFFICULT TO READ DUE TO THE QUALITY OF THE ORIGINAL L J:\TM\AR\KXHLTM4 JULY11.M9S SFUND RECORDS CTR 81356 nd, the HAZARDOUS WASTE & HAZARDOUS MATERIALS jjgration Volume 10, Number 2, 1993 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., Publishers [are not pose that Chemical Oxidation Technologies: ndfills need Ultraviolet Light/Hydrogen Peroxide, , them, f design Fenton's Reagent, and Titanium i them, lyard Dioxide-Assisted Photocatalysis tn with be RAJAGOPALAN VENKATADRI and ROBERT W. PETERS ods of sting, Energy Systems Division sfiiel Argonne National Laboratory tog of 9700 South Cass Avenue Ibeof Argonne, IL 60439 after tmay ;the ould ABSTRACT jable The application status and potential of three chemical oxidation treatment methods which generate powerful oxidants (hydroxyl radicals): ultra violet light (UV)/hydrogen peroxide (R^Oa) avity process, Fenton's reagent treatment, and titanium dioxide (TiO2)-assisted photocatalytic degradation, ste are described and discussed. These oxidation methods are known to effectively degrade and, in Item. several cases, mineralize contaminants ranging from inorganic compounds (such as cyanides) to ents chlorinated aliphatic compounds and complex aromatic compounds in reaction times on the order of a live. few minutes to a few hours. Of the three oxidation systems discussed, the technology for the edit UV/H2O2 process is the most advanced, with numerous successful full-scale treatment units already in JrML existence. Applications of both the Fenton's reagent and TiO2-assisted photodegradation processes are currently being developed, with the concepts proven in numerous laboratory-scale studies for a wide range of contaminants.
    [Show full text]
  • Isophorone (Cas No
    NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM Technical Report Series No. 291 c TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF ISOPHORONE (CAS NO. 78-59-1) IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE (GAVAGE STUDIES) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service National Institutes of Health NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM The National Toxicology Program (NTP), established in 1978, develops and evaluates scientific information about potentially toxic and hazardous chemicals. This knowledge can be used for protecting the health of the American people and for the primary prevention of disease. By bringing together the relevant programs, staff, and resources from the U.S.Public Health Service, DHHS, the National Toxicology Program has centralized and strengthened activities relating to toxicology research, testing and test developmentlvalidation efforts, and the dissemination of toxicological information to the public and scientific communities and to the research and regulatory agencies. The NTP is made up of four charter DHHS agencies: the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Naiional Institutes of Health; the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health; the National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), Food and Drug Administration; and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control. In July 1981, the Carcino- genesis Bioassay Testing Program, NCI, was transferred to the NIEHS. Isophorone, NTP TR 291 NTP TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF ISOPHORONE (CAS NO. 78-59-1) IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE (GAVAGE STUDIES) NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM P.O. Box 12233 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 January 1986 NTP TR 291 NIH Publication No.
    [Show full text]
  • Novel Aspects in the Preparation of Phorone 2
    Novel Aspects in the Preparation of Phorone Maria Konieczny* and George Sosnovsky Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA Z. Naturforsch. 33b, 454-460 (1978); received Januaiy 4, 1978 Phorone, Mesityl Oxide, Triacetoneamine, Nitroxyls The condensation of acetone using anhydrous hydrogen chloride results after three weeks at room temperature, in a 15% yield of phorone (4) and a 75% yield of mesityl oxide (5). In the presence of one weight percent of the Lewis acid, aluminium chloride, the yield of 4 is increased to 39%. An increase in the amount of the Lewis acid, aluminium chloride, to ten weight percent results in a 22% yield of phorone (4) and a 68% yield of mesityl oxide (5). In the presence of one hundred weight percent of aluminium chloride, ( CH3)2C = CHC CHr C(CH3)2 (CH3)2 C=CHCCH3 in the absence of hydrogen chloride, the condensation produces a 62% yield of mesityl oxide (5) and no phorone (4). In the course of this investigation, two intermediates, 6 and 7 o u (CH5)2C CH2CCH5 (CHJ)2CCH2CCH2C(CH3)2 CI 6 7 were isolated and characterized for the first time. These intermediates are the actual products formed in the condensation of acetone with hydrogen chloride, and not the "free" phorone (4) and mesityl oxide (5). The conversion of 6 and 7 to 5 and 4, respectively, occurs during the isolation stage using a saturated solution of ethanolic potassium hydroxide. Since the discovery of the long-lived nitroxyl science. The most commonly used nitroxyls are radical [1], 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxopiperidine-l- prepared by the catalytic oxidation of triacetone- oxyl, and its derivatives, considerably interest has amine (1) or its derivatives with 30% aqueous been shown in the application of these nitroxyls in hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sodium various areas of biological [2, 3] and polymer [3] tungstate [3, 4].
    [Show full text]
  • Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Isophorone
    United States Office of Water EPA 440/5-80-056 Environmental Protection Regulations and Standards October 1980 Agency Criteria and Standards Division Washington DC 20460 EPA Ambient Water Quality Criteria for lsophorone AMBIENT WATERQUALITY CRITERIA FOR ISOPHORONE Prepared By U.S. ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION AGENCY Office of Water Regulations and Standards Criteria and Standards Division Washington, D.C. Office of Research and Development Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office Cincinnati, Ohio Carcinogen Assessment Group Washington, D.C. Environmental Research Laboratories Corvalis, Oregon Duluth, Minnesota Gulf Breeze, Florida Narragansett, Rhode Island i DISCLAIMER This report has been reviewed by the Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. AVAILABILITY NOTICE This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service, (NTIS), Springfield, Virginia 22161. ii FOREWORD Section 304 (a)(1) of the Clean Water Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-217), requires the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency to publish criteria for water quality accurately reflecting the latest scientific knowledge on the kind and extent of all identifiable effects on health and welfare which may be expected from the presence of pollutants in any body of water, including ground water. Proposed water quality criteria for the 65 toxic pollutants listed under section 307 (a)(1) of the Clean Water Act were developed and a notice of their availability was published for public comment on March 15, 1979 (44 FR 15926), July 25, 1979 (44 FR 43660), and October 1, 1979 (44 FR 56628).
    [Show full text]
  • Technical Background Document (U.S
    Part 5: CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC PARAMETERS Chemical-specific parameters required for calculating soil screening levels include the organic carbon normalized soil-water partition coefficient for organic compounds (Koc), the soil-water partition coefficient for inorganic constituents (Kd), water solubility (S), Henry's law constant (HLC, HN), air diffusivity (Di,a), and water diffusivity (Di,w). In addition, the octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) is needed to calculate Koc values. This part of the background document describes the collection and compilation of these parameters for the SSL chemicals. With the exception of values for air diffusivity (Di,a), water diffusivity (Di,w), and certain Koc values, all of the values used in the development of SSLs can be found in the Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM). SCDM is a computer code that includes more than 25 datafiles containing specific chemical parameters used to calculate factor and benchmark values for the Hazard Ranking System (HRS). Because SCDM datafiles are regularly updated, the user should consult the most recent version of SCDM to ensure that the values are up to date. 5.1 Solubility, Henry's Law Constant, and Kow Chemical-specific values for solubility, Henry's law constant (HLC), and Kow were obtained from SCDM. In the selection of the value for SCDM, measured or analytical values are favored over calculated values. However, in the event that a measured value is not available, calculated values are used. Table 36 presents the solubility, Henry's law constant, and Kow values taken from SCDM and used to calculate SSLs. Henry's law constant values were available for all but two of the constituents of interest.
    [Show full text]
  • Gases Supported by IRI Analyzers
    Toll Free | 800.344.0321 Tel | 510.782.8100 Fax | 510.782.8101 www.InfraredIndustries.com The following is a list of gases and vapors that can be analyzed Gases Supported with certain gas analyzers from Infrared Industries. For any application of a particular gas, please contact us to by IRI Analyzers confi rm our ability to meet your needs. GAS/VAPOR GAS/VAPOR 1 Acetaldehyde (Ethanal) 30 trans2Butenal (Crotonaldehyde) 2 Acetaldehyde Diacetate (Ethylidene Diacetate) 31 2Butoxyetanol Skin (Butyl Cellosolve; Ethylene Glycol 3 Acetic Acid (Ethanoic Acid) Monobutyl Ether) 4 Acetophenone (Acetylbenzene; Methyl Phenyl Ketone) 32 Butyl Acetate 5 1Allyloxy2, 3Epoxypropane (A.G.E., Allyl Glycidyl Ether) 33 secButyl Acetate 6 1Aminobutane Skin (Butylamine) 34 tertButyl Acetate 7 Aminoethane (Ethylamine) 35 1tertButyl4Methylbenzene (ptertButyltoluene) 8 2Aminoethanol (Ethanolamine; Monoethanolamine) 36 Camphene 9 Aminomethane (Methylamine) 37 Carbon Monoxide (CO) 10 2Aminopropane (Isopropylamine) 38 Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 11 2Aminotoluene Skin (oMethylaniline; oToluidine) 39 Carbonyl Sulfi de (CO 5) 40 Carbonyl Sulfi de (Carbon Oxysulfi de) 12 Ammonia (NH3) 13 Aniline Skin (Aminobenzene; Phenylamine) 41 Carvone (Carvol) 14 Benzaldehyde (Benzenecarbonal) 42 Chlorobenzene (Monochlorobenzene; Phenyl Chloride) 15 Benzene 43 1Chlorobutane (nButyl Chloride) 16 Benzyl Acetate 44 Chlorodifl uoromethane (Freon 22) 17 Bromobenzene (Phenyl Bromide) 45 1Chloro2, 3EpoxypropaneSkin (αEpichlorohydrin) 18 1Bromobutane (nButyl Bromide) 46 Chloroethane (Ethyl Chloride)
    [Show full text]
  • Ketones and Quinones, Whether Or Not with Other Oxygen Function, and Their Halogenated, Sulphonated, Nitrated Or Nitrosated Derivatives
    29-VI Sub-Chapter VI KETONE-FUNCTION COMPOUNDS AND QUINONE-FUNCTION COMPOUNDS 29.14 - Ketones and quinones, whether or not with other oxygen function, and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives. - Acyclic ketones without other oxygen function : 2914.11 - - Acetone 2914.12 - - Butanone (methyl ethyl ketone) 2914.13 - - 4-Methylpentan-2-one (methyl isobutyl ketone) 2914.19 - - Other - Cyclanic, cyclenic or cycloterpenic ketones without other oxygen function : 2914.22 - - Cyclohexanone and methylcyclohexanones 2914.23 - - Ionones and methylionones 2914.29 - - Other - Aromatic ketones without other oxygen function : 2914.31 - - Phenylacetone (phenylpropan-2-one) 2914.39 - - Other 2914.40 - Ketone-alcohols and ketone-aldehydes 2914.50 - Ketone-phenols and ketones with other oxygen function - Quinones : 2914.61 - - Anthraquinone 2914.69 - - Other 2914.70 - Halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives The term “ ketones and quinones with other oxygen function ” means ketones and quinones which contain also one or more of the oxygen functions referred to in previous sub-Chapters (alcohol, ether, phenol, aldehyde, etc., functions). VI-2914-1 29.14 (A) KETONES These are compounds containing the group (>C=O), so-called “ carbonyl ” group, and can be represented by the general formula (R-CO-R1), in which R and R1 stand for alkyl or aryl radicals (methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, etc.). Ketones may have two tautomeric forms, the true ketonic form (-CO-) and the enolic form (=C(OH)-), both of which fall in this heading. (I) Acyclic ketones. (1) Acetone (propanone) (CH3COCH3). Found in the products of the dry distillation of wood (methyl alcohol and crude pyroligneous acid), but is mainly obtained by synthesis.
    [Show full text]
  • EPDM & FKM Chemical Resistance Guide
    EPDM & FKM Chemical Resistance Guide FIRST EDITION EPDM & FKM CHEMICAL RESISTANCE GUIDE Elastomers: Ethylene Propylene (EPDM) Fluorocarbon (FKM) Chemical Resistance Guide Ethylene Propylene (EPDM) & Fluorocarbon (FKM) 1st Edition © 2019 by IPEX. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without prior written permission. For information contact: IPEX, Marketing, 1425 North Service Road East, Oakville, Ontario, Canada, L6H 1A7 ABOUT IPEX At IPEX, we have been manufacturing non-metallic pipe and fittings since 1951. We formulate our own compounds and maintain strict quality control during production. Our products are made available for customers thanks to a network of regional stocking locations from coast-to-coast. We offer a wide variety of systems including complete lines of piping, fittings, valves and custom-fabricated items. More importantly, we are committed to meeting our customers’ needs. As a leader in the plastic piping industry, IPEX continually develops new products, modernizes manufacturing facilities and acquires innovative process technology. In addition, our staff take pride in their work, making available to customers their extensive thermoplastic knowledge and field experience. IPEX personnel are committed to improving the safety, reliability and performance of thermoplastic materials. We are involved in several standards committees and are members of and/or comply with the organizations listed on this page. For specific details about any IPEX product, contact our customer service department. INTRODUCTION Elastomers have outstanding resistance to a wide range of chemical reagents. Selecting the correct elastomer for an application will depend on the chemical resistance, temperature and mechanical properties needed. Resistance is a function both of temperatures and concentration, and there are many reagents which can be handled for limited temperature ranges and concentrations.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Chemical Resistance of Materials in Contact with Liquid ANALYSETTE 22 Next & ANALYSETTE 28 Imagesizer LASER PARTICLE SIZER & PARTICLE SIZER
    List of chemical resistance of materials in contact with liquid ANALYSETTE 22 NeXT & ANALYSETTE 28 ImageSizer LASER PARTICLE SIZER & PARTICLE SIZER This chart information is based on FRITSCH's knowledge and experience and are intended as a guide and not as a guarantee. We cannot assure the perfect performance of the materials as that depends on many factors as working pressure, pressure picks, fluid, ambient temperature, fluid temperature, concentra‐ tion, duration of exposure, etc… Fritsch GmbH Milling and Sizing Industriestrasse 8 D - 55743 Idar-Oberstein Telephone: +49 (0) 6784/ 70-0 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.fritsch.de Version 04/2020 Index 001 Table of contents Table of contents 1 Materials in contact with liquid.................................................... 4 2 Abbreviations................................................................................. 5 3 List of chemical resistance............................................................. 7 3.1 KEY......................................................................................... 7 3.2 Note....................................................................................... 7 3.3 Table 1.................................................................................... 7 3.4 Table 2.................................................................................. 97 3.5 Table 3................................................................................ 105 - 3 - Materials in contact with liquid 1 Materials in contact with liquid Wet dispersion
    [Show full text]