DOCSLIB.ORG

The Political Consequences of the Peace

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Political Consequences of the Peace THE POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE PEACE by Jacques Bainville 1920 Translated by Philip Webb *** DRAFT : 2011-10-11 *** © Copyright Philip Webb 2011 All rights reserved *** You may make private copies for your own personal use *** *** Any other reproduction, distribution or publication *** *** of whatever kind, in whole or in part, is prohibited *** TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Preface Chapter 1 The Shortcoming of Things & the Shortcoming of Men Chapter 2 Characteristics of the Peace Chapter 3 What Saved German Unity Chapter 4 60 M Germans in Debt to 40 M French Chapter 5 They Will Not Know Chapter 6 The Game of 32 Cards Chapter 7 The Crisis of 1920 & the Future of the Slavs Appx Germany & Poland Chapter 8 The Adriatic Imbroglio Chapter 9 Hypotheses & Probabilities Chapter 10 Position of France TRANSLATOR©S INTRODUCTION It was a comment by Prof Antony Lentin (Wolfson College, Cambridge), praising Bainville & regretting that his prophetic treatise had never been done into English, which first got me to take a look at it & then to set about translating it. He is also responsible for a number of corrections & improvements, which I have incorporated. I hope that no-one will try to use this work as a basis for attacking today©s European Union. While we can never know what Bainville would have said on the topic & while there is enormous room for debate on all aspects of Europe after World War I & today, there is nothing in his account which points to a belief in a Europe of isolated sovereign states. He clearly regretted the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire ± a proto-EU in the East ± & saw only future strife between an unreconciled France & Germany, but he was no jingoist: his attitude is sad acceptance of the facts & a hope that French democracy can defend itself. He also repeatedly stressed that the basis for peace in Europe was a federal Germany, much like the republic eventually created under Allied auspices after World War II. As for Britain & the USA, the EU©s biggest detractors, Bainville is contemptuously dismissive: the former was obsessed with its Empire, which it had expanded after the war ± one of Bainville©s astute prophecies was that it had fatally overextended itself thereby ± ; the latter©s movers & shakers had little interest in the continent & had already gone home. It took an even more terrible war, which left both France & Germany humiliated, to cause the two countries finally to come together & establish a peace which has now lasted 66 years . Anyone who wants to undermine that achievement & return Europe to the regime of factious & suspicious states & statelets which led directly to the World Wars is either utterly naïve or has some other more sinister agenda in mind. In making his book available to an English readership, I have not tried to turn Bainville into an Englishman. No Englishman ± or American or even a Canadian ± could have written it. Bainville was a French historian, writing in 1920 for his French fellow-citizens an analysis of the situation of his country & the likely dangers facing it in the coming years. While many words are shared between the two languages ± though a translator has to be careful about false or more often unsympathetic friends ± , the structure of French is basically that of Latin, which leads to a more rhetorical style of educated writing, & this in turn influences the very structure of French thought. Where English tends to fall away into fudge & dead clichés, French ± though very rarely that of Bainville ± can rise into clouds of oratory & abstraction. I have tried to keep his word-order, often somewhat inverted from the English habit, his repetitions ± a device French is fond of ± & even his subjunctives, wherever these can be retained without sounding artificial in English. I have been careful to take account of those tiny French particles, reminiscent of Ancient Greek, which English tends to forget. I have felt free to join up his too-short sentences, sometimes using colons & semi-colons, which seem to be in short supply in the French compositor©s type box, & have broken up some of his paragraphs, where this makes it easier for readers to follow. I have not been afraid to mark his frequent asides with a pair of dashes rather than commas. I have incorporated his few footnotes into the text for easier processing. The pages in the original French text are marked thus: [11]. # marks the end of a paragraph, if it occurs at the end of a page. Other priorities have not given me the time to give the translation a rigorous audit & no doubt there remain not a few errors, besides places where wording could be improved. I have left some coloring in this version, which is still basically a draft: red marks items I remain unsure of, yellow items which deserve a footnote of some kind, green text which was originally in another language & should be copied directed therefrom. If anyone cares to offer corrections, I will be happy to consider amending the text. I hope that readers will hear a very intelligent & literate Frenchman, as he might have made a series of lectures in a light French accent to a 21st Century English-speaking university. Philip Webb , Cities Centre , University of Toronto , 2011 [email protected] INTRODUCTION -- Pierre Gaxotte This is a book unique among the work of Mr Jacques Bainville. The natural bent of his mind leads Mr Bainville to understand & to explain rather than to forecast. Nonetheless in 1920, he forecasted; he wrote his book & was able without compunction to leave the calling of prophet to others, because he had announced everything, everything which has happened since 1920 & probably everything which will happen in future years. There is no reading-matter which leaves a more lively impression of an exceptional intelligence, at once lucid, firm, quick, vigorous, studious about reality, raising itself tirelessly from geographic detail to broader views & making use of historical experience with dazzling surety & a charming ease. The most striking feature of our time is undoubtedly the breakdown of political intelligence. The conduct of parliamentary government demands from leaders cleverness rather than strength, opportunism rather than tenacity, trickery rather than vision. Inexperienced men come to power who imagine they can make up for their lack of preparation by surrounding themselves with narrow fussy specialists. Thus the details of the Treaty of Versailles are the work of experts & technicians; the whole & the large outlines are the work of amateurs; reflection & competence find themselves as mere accessories. The general & essential arrangements on which depend the solidity & success of everything else were settled by men who were guided not by a knowledge of history but by the summary principles of an orator©s philosophy. That is the drama of Versailles, also the subject of this book. From underlying inconsistency there follow consequences. Jacques Bainville has the honor of having forecast them & of having defined the policies which, as far as was possible, would have been able to avert them. PREFACE ± Jacques Bainville , 1920 It is not because an English author has written The Economic Consequences of the Peace that we have put together this work. This book is not a reply to Keynes: one will see that immediately. We wish to note, in the introduction to these pages, only a singular contrast. After a war which has put into play the forces & the means of the principal nations of the World, the very idea of ©policy© has fallen into disrepute. Perhaps it was causing a headache ? It is true that such vast & confused material had never offered itself to popular leaders charged with establishing a major peace, all the more reason for reflection & much foresight. Calculation could prove tiring. In the absence of calculation, an enormous part of the future was left to the unknown & to chance, a part far in excess of the limits which the deepest minds encounter when they apply themselves to direct the course of great affairs. In an age in which people believed in the indefinite progress of the human mind, Fontenelle said: "It is certain -- and people will be more & more convinced of it ± that the political world, as well as the physical, is regulated by number, weight & measure". Poor peoples ! -- everything is done in their name & they have only to submit. At which moment did they see that the peace was violating the laws of physics ? But number, weight & measure are not neglected with impunity & the peoples will not even understand why they will have to pay yet again one day. CHAPTER 1 -- The Shortcoming of Things & the Shortcoming of Men It is not uncommon that after winning a war the victor -- or if there is an alliance, at least one of the victors -- is unhappy with the peace & believes he has been duped. In 1815 the Prussians complained that the Congress of Vienna had ended for them with "a farce". In earlier times, we ourselves had a treaty of which it was proverbial to say "stupid as the peace". Mr Raymond Poincaré, who has not been sparing with his criticisms of the actions of Versailles, St-Germain & other places near Paris, was correct to write that the deceived hopes which they caused were not new. People have said everything about the gaps in the Treaty of Versailles, what it didn©t give us, the lack of reward which it represents for us: lands, frontiers, money, what it delivers is inferior to what people had generally hoped for. People have commented everywhere that we didn©t even recover the boundaries of 1814, but those of 1815 -- of Waterloo -- , of which the French people had so long resented the humiliation.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Treaty of Lunéville J. David Markham When Napoleon Became
    The Treaty of Lunéville J. David Markham When Napoleon became First Consul in 1799, his first order of business was to defend France against the so-called Second Coalition. This coalition was made up of a number of smaller countries led by Austria, Russia and Britain. The Austrians had armies in Germany and in Piedmont, Italy. Napoleon sent General Jean Moreau to Germany while he, Napoleon, marched through Switzerland to Milan and then further south, toward Alessandria. As Napoleon, as First Consul, was not technically able to lead an army, the French were technically under the command of General Louis Alexandre Berthier. There, on 14 June 1800, the French defeated the Austrian army led by General Michael von Melas. This victory, coupled with Moreau’s success in Germany, lead to a general peace negotiation resulting in the Treaty of Lunéville (named after the town in France where the treaty was signed by Count Ludwig von Cobenzl for Austria and Joseph Bonaparte for Austria. The treaty secured France’s borders on the left bank of the Rhine River and the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. France ceded territory and fortresses on the right bank, and various republics were guaranteed their independence. This translation is taken from the website of the Fondation Napoléon and can be found at the following URL: https://www.napoleon.org/en/history-of-the- two-empires/articles/treaty-of-luneville/. I am deeply grateful for the permission granted to use it by Dr. Peter Hicks of the Fondation. That French organization does an outstanding job of promoting Napoleonic history throughout the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Making Lifelines from Frontlines; 1
    The Rhine and European Security in the Long Nineteenth Century Throughout history rivers have always been a source of life and of conflict. This book investigates the Central Commission for the Navigation of the Rhine’s (CCNR) efforts to secure the principle of freedom of navigation on Europe’s prime river. The book explores how the most fundamental change in the history of international river governance arose from European security concerns. It examines how the CCNR functioned as an ongoing experiment in reconciling national and common interests that contributed to the emergence of Eur- opean prosperity in the course of the long nineteenth century. In so doing, it shows that modern conceptions and practices of security cannot be under- stood without accounting for prosperity considerations and prosperity poli- cies. Incorporating research from archives in Great Britain, Germany, and the Netherlands, as well as the recently opened CCNR archives in France, this study operationalises a truly transnational perspective that effectively opens the black box of the oldest and still existing international organisation in the world in its first centenary. In showing how security-prosperity considerations were a driving force in the unfolding of Europe’s prime river in the nineteenth century, it is of interest to scholars of politics and history, including the history of international rela- tions, European history, transnational history and the history of security, as well as those with an interest in current themes and debates about transboundary water governance. Joep Schenk is lecturer at the History of International Relations section at Utrecht University, Netherlands. He worked as a post-doctoral fellow within an ERC-funded project on the making of a security culture in Europe in the nineteenth century and is currently researching international environmental cooperation and competition in historical perspective.
    [Show full text]
  • L'âge D'or Du Maurrassisme
    Jacques Paugam est né en 1944 à Quimper. De son père avocat, il hérite très tôt du goût des études juridiques et historiques. A vingt ans il sort de l'Institut des Sciences Politiques et obtient ensuite, avec brio, le titre de docteur en Droit. Il tra- vaille actuellement dans le mar- keting et la publicité, 'tandis que paraît cette étude critique du Maurrassisme, il achève son premier roman. JACQUES PAUGAM L'AGE D'OR DU MAURRASSISM] essai Adressez-nous vos nom et adresse en citant ce livre et nous nous ferons un plaisir de vous faire parvenir gracieusement et régulièrement notre bulletin littéraire qui vous tiendra au courant de toutes nos publications nouvelles. Diffusion DENOËL 14, rue Amélie, Paris-7' L'AGE D'OR DU MAURRASSISME JACQUES PAUGAM L'AGE D'OR DU MAURRASSISME essai PRÉFACE DE JEAN-JACQUES CHEVALIER DENOËL @ 1971, by Editions Denoël, Paris T. à Pierre Cozanet PRÉFACE Voici plus d'un demi-siècle, le grand critique Albert Thibau- det consacrait aux Idées de Charles Maurras un ouvrage débor- dant de vues suggestives et séduisantes. Toutefois le recul manquait : en 1920 le mouvement dit d'Action française, dominé par l'impérieuse dialectique maurrassienne, n'était pas encore entré dans l'Histoire, il s'en fallait de vingt-cinq années. Quand l'historien américain Eugen Weber s'attelle à la compo- sition de l'étude fondamentale intitulée L'Action française, qui parait en 1962 dans sa traduction en notre langue, il a ce recul nécessaire. Mais après lui il y a encore place pour une analyse fouillée du maurrassisme en tant que philosophie politique.
    [Show full text]
  • Long-Term Temporal Trajectories to Enhance Restoration Efficiency and Sustainability on Large Rivers: an Interdisciplinary Study
    Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 2717–2737, 2018 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-2717-2018 © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Long-term temporal trajectories to enhance restoration efficiency and sustainability on large rivers: an interdisciplinary study David Eschbach1,a, Laurent Schmitt1, Gwenaël Imfeld2, Jan-Hendrik May3,b, Sylvain Payraudeau2, Frank Preusser3, Mareike Trauerstein4, and Grzegorz Skupinski1 1Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement (LIVE UMR 7362), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ENGEES, ZAEU LTER, Strasbourg, France 2Laboratoire d’Hydrologie et de Géochimie de Strasbourg (LHyGeS UMR 7517), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ENGEES, Strasbourg, France 3Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany 4Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland acurrent address: Sorbonne Université, CNRS, EPHE, UMR 7619 Metis, 75005 Paris, France bcurrent address: School of Geography, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Correspondence: David Eschbach ([email protected]) Received: 26 July 2017 – Discussion started: 28 August 2017 Revised: 26 March 2018 – Accepted: 10 April 2018 – Published: 7 May 2018 Abstract. While the history of a fluvial hydrosystem can terize the human-driven morphodynamic adjustments during provide essential knowledge on present functioning, histor- the last 2 centuries, (iii) characterize physico-chemical sed- ical context remains rarely considered in river restoration. iment properties to trace anthropogenic activities and eval- Here we show the relevance of an interdisciplinary study uate the potential impact of the restoration on pollutant re- for improving restoration within the framework of a Euro- mobilization, (iv) deduce the post-restoration evolution ten- pean LIFEC project on the French side of the Upper Rhine dency and (v) evaluate the efficiency and sustainability of the (Rohrschollen Island).
    [Show full text]
  • FRANCE and the REMILITARIZATION of the RHINELAND by GAYLE ANN BROWN, Bachelor of Arts Southeastern State College Durant1 Oklahom
    FRANCE AND THE REMILITARIZATION OF THE RHINELAND By GAYLE ANN BROWN, n Bachelor of Arts Southeastern State College Durant 1 Oklahoma 1967 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS July, 1971 FRANCE AND THE REMILITARIZATION "· OF THE RHINELAND ~ ..."'···-. Thesis Approved: ~~~TbeSAdviser ~ of the Graduate College 803826 ii PREFACE It is generally assumed that opposition to the German remilitari­ zation of the Rhineland in 1936 probably could have prevented World War II. Through an examination of the diplomatic documents published by the French government and the recollections of those who participated in the decisions that were made, this study attempts to determine why France failed to act. I acknowledge the attention of the members of my committee, Dr. Douglas Hale, Dr. George Jewsbury, and Dr. John Sylvester. To the en­ tire faculty of the Department of History at Oklahoma State University, I must express my deepest appreciation for the fairness, kindness, and confidence which I have recently been given. I am obligated to Dr. William Rock, of the Department of History at Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, for his suggestion of the topic and his guidance in the initial preparation of my work. I am also indebted to the staff of the Oklahoma State University Library for their assistance in obtaining many sources. I am very grateful to my typist, Mrs. Dixie Jennings, for the sympathy which she has shown me, as well as for her fine work. The unceasing reassurance and support given me by my parents has been the primary factor in my ability to continue working against con­ stant discouragement.
    [Show full text]
  • JACOBINISME OU FEDERALISME ? Alain De Benoist on a Assisté En
    JACOBINISME OU FEDERALISME ? Alain de Benoist On a assisté en France, il y a quelques années, à un débat véritablement surréaliste. Le prétexte en a été la signature par le gouvernement français, le 7 mai 1999, de la Charte européenne des langues régionales ou minoritaires. Ce document, adopté le 5 novembre 1992 à Strasbourg par le Conseil de l’Europe, énonçait un certain nombre de dispositions en faveur de l’emploi des langues régionales dans la vie publique. La France, qui s’y était longtemps refusée, a finalement accepté de signer 35 de ces dispositions sur un total de 98, soit le minimum requis1. L’éventualité de la ratification de ce document a aussitôt suscité des réactions d’une violence extraordinaire. On a vu le député RPR Jacques Myard dénoncer une « balkanisation linguistique qui débouchera sur une balkanisation politique […] un suicide collectif »2, tandis que le socialiste Georges Sarre assurait voir dans la Charte un moyen de « remettre en question la notion même de peuple français qui, depuis la Révolution, est le fondement de la citoyenneté ». Yvonne Bollmann assurait, dans le même esprit, que « les langues régionales sont le meilleur moyen de démanteler les Etats sans avoir l’air d’y toucher »3. « Je ne voudrais pas, déclarait Jean-Pierre Chevènement, qu’on substitue à la notion de peuple français d’autres concepts plus fumeux, qui ont un rapport avec l’origine ethnique »4. On pourrait citer bien d’autres exemples. Ceux que l’on vient de donner suffisent à montrer que toute manifestation d’une quelconque identité collective particulière au sein de l’espace public français est aujourd’hui systématiquement regardée ou vécue, dans certains milieux, comme une agression contre le modèle républicain, une remise en cause de la nation ou l’annonce de sa prochaine désintégration.
    [Show full text]
  • Strasbourg Travel Guide
    1 / General The city of Strasbourg is located in eastern France, on the left bank of the Rhine and just on the border of France and Germany. Population: 461,042 inhabitants Population Density:3478 inhab/ km² (miles square) Name of the inhabitants: Strasbourgeois, Strasbourgeoise Region: Alsace Postcode: 67000, 67100, 67200 2 / Transport Due to its geographic position, Strasbourg is an important European crossroads and a dynamic city that hosts hundreds of thousands of visitors every year. The city acquired rather early a very extensive transportation network with an efficient layout. During your visit in Strasbourg, you’ll also have the chance to get around quickly and efficiently in urban center. By car Strasbourg is accessible and navigable by car. From Paris, you can get to Strasbourg on highway A4, but the city is also serviced by other highways and national highways like the A35 (traffic is very dense during rush hours), N4 or N83. Once in Strasbourg, we recommend you to leave your car and enjoy the public transportation to get better acquainted with Strasbourg’s most beautiful nooks and crannies. By train You can get to Strasbourg by train from numerous French cities. In fact, the Strasbourg-Ville train station makes up the center of a large railway network. From the Gare de l’Est in Paris, the trip to Strasbourg only lasts two hours. The TGV Rhin- Rhône also passes by the city of Strasbourg and allows you to make connections from cities like Mulhouse, Dijon, Lyon, and Marseille. Thanks to the TER trains, you can also reach small cities in eastern France as well as cities in Germany.
    [Show full text]
  • Extracting Coherent Regional Information
    Extracting coherent regional information from local measurements with Karhunen-Loève transform: Case study of an alluvial aquifer (Rhine valley, France and Germany) Laurent Longuevergne, Nicolas Florsch, Philippe Elsass To cite this version: Laurent Longuevergne, Nicolas Florsch, Philippe Elsass. Extracting coherent regional information from local measurements with Karhunen-Loève transform: Case study of an alluvial aquifer (Rhine valley, France and Germany). Water Resources Research, American Geophysical Union, 2007, 43, pp.04430. 10.1029/2006WR005000. hal-00707985 HAL Id: hal-00707985 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00707985 Submitted on 13 Jun 2012 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 43, W04430, doi:10.1029/2006WR005000, 2007 Click Here for Full Article Extracting coherent regional information from local measurements with Karhunen-Loe`ve transform: Case study of an alluvial aquifer (Rhine valley, France and Germany) Laurent Longuevergne,1 Nicolas Florsch,1 and Philippe Elsass2 Received 27 February 2006; revised 14 December 2006; accepted 4 January 2007; published 25 April 2007. [1] We investigate the ability of combining the Karhunen-Loe`ve transform (KLT) with the kriging method to extract regional information from a set of point measurements.
    [Show full text]
  • France's Boundaries Since the Seventeenth Century Author(S): Peter Sahlins Source: the American Historical Review, Vol
    Natural Frontiers Revisited: France's Boundaries since the Seventeenth Century Author(s): Peter Sahlins Source: The American Historical Review, Vol. 95, No. 5 (Dec., 1990), pp. 1423-1451 Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Historical Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2162692 Accessed: 06-10-2016 19:04 UTC REFERENCES Linked references are available on JSTOR for this article: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2162692?seq=1&cid=pdf-reference#references_tab_contents You may need to log in to JSTOR to access the linked references. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms American Historical Association, Oxford University Press are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The American Historical Review This content downloaded from 128.59.222.107 on Thu, 06 Oct 2016 19:04:20 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Natural Frontiers Revisited: France's Boundaries since the Seventeenth Century PETER SAHLINS UNTIL ABOUT FIFTY YEARS AGO, the idea of France's natural frontiers was a commonplace in French history textbooks and in scholarly inquiry into Old Regime and revolutionary France. The idea, as historian of the revolution Albert Sorel wrote in 1885, was that "geography determined French policy": that, since the sixteenth, if not the twelfth, century, France had undertaken a steady and consistent expansion to reach the Atlantic, Rhine, Alps, and Pyrenees.' These were "the limits that Nature has traced," which Cardinal Richelieu had proclaimed, the same boundaries "marked out by nature" invoked by Georges-Jacques Danton.
    [Show full text]
  • Le Maurrassisme En Amérique Latine. Etude Comparée Des Cas Argentin Et Brésilien ” Olivier Compagnon
    ” Le maurrassisme en Amérique latine. Etude comparée des cas argentin et brésilien ” Olivier Compagnon To cite this version: Olivier Compagnon. ” Le maurrassisme en Amérique latine. Etude comparée des cas argentin et brésilien ”. sous la direction d’Olivier Dard et Michel Grunewald. Charles Maurras et l’étranger - L’étranger et Charles Maurras, Peter Lang, pp.283-305, 2009, Convergences. halshs-00395601 HAL Id: halshs-00395601 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00395601 Submitted on 26 Nov 2011 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Le maurrassisme en Amérique latine Etude comparée des cas argentin et brésilien Olivier COMPAGNON Université Paris 3 – Sorbonne Nouvelle Institut Universitaire de France Dans son ouvrage classique consacré à l’Action française, Eugen Weber intitulait son dernier chapitre «Le flambeau qui demeure» et la première partie de ce chapitre «Les amis étrangers». On lisait alors les dix seules lignes consacrées, au sein d’une étude pourtant volumineuse, à la diffusion du maurrassisme et du corpus idéologique de l’Action française en Amérique latine: l’influence de la doctrine de l’Action française se faisait plus fortement sentir dans les pays latins qui envoyaient de nombreux étudiants à Paris et où l’élitisme politique traditionaliste de Maurras, ainsi que le prestige littéraire d’une école conformiste, aux œuvres accessibles, comblaient les aspirations des classes supérieures mieux que n’importe quelle autre tendance trouvée en France.
    [Show full text]
  • William R. Keylor Professor of History and International Relations Pardee School of Global Studies Director, International History Institute Boston University
    William R. Keylor Professor of History and International Relations Pardee School of Global Studies Director, International History Institute Boston University Mailing Address: Pardee School of Global Studies Boston University 152 Bay State Road Boston, MA 02215 Telephone: (617) 358-0197 E-Mail: [email protected] Twitter: @wrkeylor Website: http://www.bu.edu/pardeeschool/profile/william-r-keylor/ EDUCATION B.A., cum laude, honors in history, Stanford University (1966): Honors Thesis under direction of Professor Gordon Wright M.A., modern European history, Columbia University (1967) Certificate, European Institute, Columbia University (1971) Ph.D., modern European history, Columbia University (1971) Jacques Barzun first reader, Robert Paxton second reader Certificate in Financial Planning, Boston University (1986) ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS Instructor in History, Rutgers University, Newark (1969) Fulbright Teaching Fellow, Université de Paris, Vincennes (1969-70) Lecturer in History, Rutgers University, Newark (1970-72) Assistant Professor of History, Boston University (1972-75) 2 Tenured Associate Professor of History, Boston University (1975-80) Visiting Associate Professor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1979-80) Professor of History, Boston University (1980--) Professeur Invité, Institut d’Etudes Politiques, Paris (spring 2003) Acting Chair, Department of History, Boston University (1988- 89) Chair, Department of History, Boston University (1989-91, 1991-94, 1994- 97, 1997-2000) Professor of International Relations, Boston University (1992--2014) Professor of International Relations and History, Pardee School of Global Studies (2014--) Director, International History Institute, Boston University (1999--) Acting Chair, Department of International Relations (2009) Professor in the Center for the Study of Europe, Pardee School for Global Studies (2016--) GRANTS AND FELLOWSHIPS (Recipient or Principal Investigator) J.B.
    [Show full text]
  • Niemcy I Racja Stanu Myœl Polityczna Jacques’A Bainville’A (1879–1936)
    http://rcin.org.pl Niemcy i racja stanu Myœl polityczna Jacques’a Bainville’a (1879–1936) http://rcin.org.pl Dla trzech ukochanych „M” – Mamy, Moniki i Madzi http://rcin.org.pl Grzegorz Kucharczyk Niemcy i racja stanu Myœl polityczna Jacques’a Bainville’a (1879–1936) Wydawnictwo Neriton Instytut Historii PAN Warszawa 2005 http://rcin.org.pl Redakcja i korekta Anna Lisiecka Indeks zestawi³a Anna Lisiecka Opracowanie graficzne i projekt ok³adki El¿bieta Malik © Copyright by Grzegorz Kucharczyk © Copyright by Wydawnictwo Neriton © Copyright by Instytut Historii PAN ISBN 83–89729–17–2 Tytu³ dotowany przez Ministerstwo Edukacji i Informatyzacji Wydawnictwo Neriton Warszawa 2005 www.neriton.apnet.pl [email protected] Wydanie I Nak³ad 400 egzemplarzy Objêtoœæ 26 arkuszy wydawniczych http://rcin.org.pl Spis treœci Wstêp . 7 Rozdzia³ pierwszy: Jacques Bainville – ¿ycie i dzie³o . 17 Rozdzia³ drugi: „Nie system lecz metoda”. Podstawy myœli politycznej Jacques’a Bainville’a . 62 2.1. Monarchia i nacjonalizm – „klasyczna polityka” . 62 2.2. Republika – demokracja – socjalizm. Nieodwo³alny „zmierzch wolnoœci”? . 87 2.3. „Laboratorium polityki”. Rola historii w myœli politycznej Bainville’a . 115 Rozdzia³ trzeci: Problem niemiecki w myœli politycznej Bainville’a do 1918 roku . 130 3.1. Czy mo¿liwa jest zgoda miêdzy Francuzami a Niemcami. Stosunki francusko-pruskie (niemieckie) w myœli politycznej Bainville’a . 130 3.2. I wojna œwiatowa – „wojna na mod³ê germañsk¹” . 158 3.3. Miêdzy wymogami „politycznej inteligencji” a prawem narodów do samostanowienia. Problem Europy Œrodkowej w myœli politycznej Bainville’a w latach 1914–1919 . 175 3.4. Co Wilhelm II wzi¹³ w swoim baga¿u – czyli o potrzebie „politycznego rozwi¹zania” kwestii niemieckiej.
    [Show full text]