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BECQ Response to CNMI Joint Military Training DEIS – 2015

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BECQ Response to CNMI Joint Military Training DEIS – 2015 BUREAU OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND COASTAL QUALITY DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY DIVISION OF COASTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Comments on the Draft Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Joint Military Training Environmental Impact Statement/ Overseas Environmental Impact Statement July 2015 Contents Summary of Comments ................................................................................................................................ 1 Process .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 Approach ..................................................................................................................................................... 14 Geology and Soils ........................................................................................................................................ 18 Water Resources ......................................................................................................................................... 22 Air Quality ................................................................................................................................................... 50 Noise ........................................................................................................................................................... 60 Land and Submerged Land Use ................................................................................................................... 64 Recreation ................................................................................................................................................... 66 Terrestrial Biology ....................................................................................................................................... 71 Marine Biology ............................................................................................................................................ 78 Cultural Resources ...................................................................................................................................... 86 Visual Resources ......................................................................................................................................... 88 Transportation ............................................................................................................................................ 90 Utilities ........................................................................................................................................................ 92 Socioeconomics and Environmental Justice ............................................................................................... 95 Hazardous Materials and Waste ............................................................................................................... 101 Public Health and Safety ........................................................................................................................... 105 Programmatic Analysis of Future Potential Project Components ............................................................ 105 Cumulative Impacts .................................................................................................................................. 106 References ................................................................................................................................................ 108 1 Summary of Comments BECQ has reviewed the CJMT DEIS to assess the accuracy and adequacy of the analysis as well as the implications of the proposed actions. The section headings below primarily follow the section headings used in Chapters 3 and 4 of the DEIS, with the exception of the “Process” and “Approach” sections. Our summary comments are as follows: Process BECQ is concerned that the DEIS does not completely comply with all aspects of the NEPA process. This section outlines concerns regarding the DoD’s purpose and needs statements, the suitability of the CNMI for the proposed training, the lack of alternatives offered in the DEIS, and the poor public outreach and agency coordination during the NEPA process. This section also outlines places the DEIS does not sufficiently address CNMI and federal laws. Approach BECQ is concerned that the DEIS operates on several false assumptions and definitions. The DEIS assumes there are no residents on Pagan which is untrue. The DEIS repeatedly uses the phrase “short term” to support the notion that there will be less than significant impacts but it is unclear what “short term” actually means. The DEIS repeatedly uses the word “may” in reference to mitigation, a stronger commitment to mitigation is needed. The DEIS does not acknowledge several important land uses including the planned Plumeria Resort on Tinian or the homesteading on Pagan. The DEIS also does not address how long the CJMT will go on for. Geology and Soils BECQ has several concerns regarding munitions and soil contamination, impacts to agriculture on Tinian, erosion control on Pagan, and the effects of bombing a volcano on Pagan. Water Resources BECQ is very concerned about munitions contaminating the waters of the CNMI. In this section BECQ asserts that contamination is possible, and more monitoring and baseline data is needed. BECQ is also concerned about the impacts to groundwater, which is owned by the CNMI. The use of LCACs and AAVs could also lead to water contamination issues. BECQ is also concerned about the effect of the proposed activity on wetlands. 1 Air Quality BECQ asserts that the DEIS does not provide sufficient information for a meaningful analysis of air quality impacts. This is especially true in regard to munitions contamination and greenhouse gases. Noise The DEIS uses confusing and inconsistent threshold levels for making a determination on noise impacts. It appears that there will be noise impacts to schools, churches, and residential areas. Land and Submerged Land Use The Land and Submerged Land Use section of the DEIS does not account for planned developments on Tinian and Pagan, including the Alter City development (Plumeria Resort) on Tinian and homesteading in Pagan. Recreation The Recreation section of the DEIS does not adequately address the severity of the impact that the proposed military action will have on the current and planned recreational activities (including tourism) on Tinian. In this section BECQ points out various areas where the DEIS needs to offer more information. Terrestrial Biology BECQ is concerned about the CJMT’s plan to relocate the Tinian Military Retention Land for Wildlife Conservation which is important habitat for the Tinian Monarch. The CJMT also plans to relocate the International Broadcasting Bureau (IBB). Proposed areas for relocation include the environmentally sensitive Sabana Conservation Area on Rota or Marpi in Saipan. BECQ would prefer to see the IBB not moved, at the least a more rigorous analysis for moving the IBB is necessary. BECQ is also concerned about effects to vegetation communities, wildlife, and special status species. The DEIS should be modified to show Significant Impacts to all Terrestrial Biology categories. Marine Biology BECQ is very concerned about the proposed construction of a boat ramp at Unai Chulu which will have direct effects to 10.3 acres of coral and indirect effects to an additional 10.3 acres. The DEIS underplays the effect to the Unai Chulu reef flat, claiming only 3% of Tinian’s reef will be affected when in fact 30% of Tinian’s reef flat will be affected. BECQ is concerned the DEIS underplays the effect of LCACs and AAVs to the environment during operations. This section also outlines concerns for marine flora, coral, non-coral invertebrates, fish and sea turtles. 2 Cultural Resources The CJMT will significantly impact historical and cultural areas including Chamorro and Carolinian sites, World War II sites, and Japanese shrines. The DEIS says it will mitigate Significant Impacts to cultural resources but it does not say how. More information is needed on how impacts will be mitigated. Visual Resources The DEIS primarily considers ocean views in its Visual Resources chapter. However, the visual landscape also includes the surrounding forest and topography. The DEIS needs to take into account a larger definition of visual resources and change its determination to “Significant Impacts” for Visual Resources. Transportation BECQ is concerned about the impact of the CJMT to commuter flights and air traffic. The DEIS does not take into account Alter City’s Plumeria Resort which could affect the CJMT’s ground transportation plans. BECQ is also concerned about marine transportation. The DEIS does not address how traffic will increase at Tinian Harbor, nor does it address marine invasive species from hull fouling or ballast. Utilities The DEIS does not adequately address what will happen to solid waste generated on Tinian and Pagan. A more detailed plan must be offered. BECQ is also concerned about the use of reverse osmosis on Pagan which will create brine water that will need to be disposed of. Vast quantities of brine water can have significant environmental effects if not properly disposed of. Socioeconomics and Environmental Justice The DEIS holds an inaccurate view of what environmental justice is, claiming that since all Tinian residents will be affected similarly there is no issue. However, the people of the CNMI
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