HFC-134A (NON ODS) Mixtures/Blends

Identification and Nomenclature of ODS, HFCs and Alternatives

Dr Ezra Clark OzonAction UN Environment St. Vincent and the Grenadines, 31 May 2018 ? Overview

•Uses Of ODS •Trade Names •Chemical Names /Structure/ Formulae •Identification Numbers (ASHRAE, CAS, UN) •Cylinder Colours •Equipment And Products •Alternatives Domestic Refrigeration Domestic Air Conditioning Commercial Refrigeration Mobile Refrigeration Other products containing ODS: Fire Extinguishers Other products containing ODS, Inhalers Other products containing ODS Aerosol products Compressors

11 Foam: Insulation Panels Foam: other

HCFC-22 CFC-12 HFC-134a (NON ODS) Mixtures/blends

Label of HCFC 22 Label of HCFC 22 HCFC-22

Identifier Example ASHRAE Designation R-22, HCFC-22

Chemical Abstracts Number 75-45-6 (CAS): UN Number: 1018

Chemical Name: CHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE

Chemical Formula: CHF2Cl

Trade Name: e.g. Freon-22, Floron 22, Arcton 22 Harmonised System (HS) code

HS Code for HCFC-22

2903.71

2903.49 (pre-2012) HS Codes

Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System Also known as the Harmonized System (HS codes)

A multipurpose international product nomenclature developed by the World Customs Organization (WCO). HS Codes

•About 5,000 commodity groups •Each identified by a six digit code (arranged in a legal and logical structure) •Used by more than 200 countries and economies •Basis for Customs tariffs and for the collection of international trade statistics. •Over 98 % of the merchandise in international trade is classified in terms of the HS. •Amendments update the HS every 5 – 6 years. CFC-12 Identifier Example ASHRAE Designation R-12, CFC-12

Chemical Abstracts Number 75-71-8 (CAS): UN Number: 1028

Chemical Name: DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE

Chemical Formula: CCL2F2

Trade Name: e.g. Freon-12, genetron-12 ASHRAE code (for refrigerants)

LETTER “R” (FOR ‘REFRIGERANT’) + SPECIFIC NUMBER

ASHRAE numbers are commonly used with an abbreviation or trade name • e.g. R-12 (ASHRAE NUMBER) CFC-12 ASHRAE designations

One less than the number of carbon atoms (i.e., there is one carbon atom, so 1-1 = 0) One more than the number of hydrogen atoms (i.e., there are no hydrogen atoms, so 0+1=1)

Number of fluorine atoms (i.e., there are 2 fluorine atoms) R-012 CFC-12 DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE

CCL2F2 ASHRAE designations

One less than the number of carbon atoms (i.e., there are 1+1 = 2 carbon atoms) One more than the number of hydrogen atoms (i.e., there are 3-1 = 2 hydrogen atoms)

Number of fluorine atoms (i.e., there are 4 fluorine atoms)

The “a” indicates an isomer (i.e., a different R-134a arrangement of the same atoms) of R-134

1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane CF3CH2F

*R-134a is an ODS alternative Harmonised System (HS) code

HS Code for CFC-12

2903.77

2903.42 (pre-2012) HFC-134a (non ODS)

Identifier Example ASHRAE Designation R-134a, HFC-134a

Chemical Abstracts Number 811-97-2 (CAS): UN Number: 3159

Chemical Name: 1,1,1,2-TETRAFLUOROETHANE

Chemical Formula: CH2FCF3

Trade Name: e.g. Freon 134a, Forane 134a, Genetron 134a Harmonised System (HS) code

HS Code for all HFCs

2903.39 Mixture/blend

• Refrigerant • R-404A Mixtures/blends

• Refrigerant • R-404A

HS Code for HFCs containing mixtures/blends 3824.78

HS Code for HCFCs containing mixtures/blends 3824.74 Cylinder Colour In many countries from 2020 all refrigerants will be in light green- gray on all containers 38 HS codes for HFCs

•Montreal Protocol agreed to phase down the production and consumption of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) [non ozone- depleting] •The latest Harmonized System (HS) Code released in 2017 does not include specific codes for HFCs •This may present a particular challenge as countries are required to establish working licensing systems for HFCs by 2019 •Proposals under discussion for these to be included in the 2022 edition 39 HS codes for HFCs (proposed)

• 2903.41 -- Trifluoromethane (HFC-23) • 2903.42 -- Difluoromethane (HFC-32) • 2903.43 -- Fluoromethane (HFC-41), 1,2 -difluoroethane (HFC-152) and 1,1- difluoroethane (HFC-152a) • 2903.44 -- Pentafluoroethane (HFC-125), 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFC-143a) and 1,1,2- trifluoroethane (HFC-143) • 2903.45 -- 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) and 1,1,2,2- tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134) 2903.46 -- 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea), 1,1,1,2,2,3-hexafluoropropane • (HFC-236cb), 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236ea) and 1,1,1,3,3,3- hexafluoropropane (HFC-236fa) • 2903.47 -- 1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa) and 1,1,2,2,3- pentafluoropropane (HFC-245ca) • 2903.48 -- 1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) and 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee) • 2903.49 -- Other • Unsaturated fluorinated derivatives of acyclic hydrocarbons : • 2903.51 -- 2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), 1,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropene (HFO- 1234ze) and (Z)-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (HFO-1336mzz) ‘Extension’ to HS

A country may extend at the national level the 6 digits HS code to 8 or even 10 digits for any commodity, for example: • European Union (EU) 8 digits customs classification system called “Combined Nomenclature” (CN) • 8 digit national customs classification of HFCs and HFC-containing mixtures in Colombia European Union CN code Compound Compound (name) (common abbreviation or description) 2903 39 21 Difluoromethane HFC-32 2903 39 23 Trifluoromethane HFC-23 2903 39 24 Pentafluoroethane and 1,1,1,-trifluoroethane HFC-125 and HFC-143a 2903 39 25 1,1,-difluoroethane HFC-152a 2903 39 26 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane HFC-134a 2903 39 27 Pentafluoropropanes, Hexafluorofluoropropanes Includes HFC-227ea, 236cb, and Heptafluoropropanes 236ea, 236fa, 245ca, 245fa 2903 39 28 Perfluorinated saturated fluorides All PFCs 2903 39 29 Other saturated fluorides All other saturated HFCs and PFCs

Unsaturated fluorides 2903 39 31 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene HFC-1,2,3,4yf 2903 39 35 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene HFC-1,2,3,4ze 2903 39 39 Other unsaturated fluorides All other unsaturated HFCs (HFOs) and all unsaturated PFCs (PFOs) Colombia CN code Compound Compound (name) 2903.3912 Triluoromethane HFC-23 2903.3913 Tetrafluoromethane HFC-14 2903.3914 Difluoromethane HFC-32 2903.3919 Other

Fluorinated, brominated or iodinated derivatives of ethane

2903.3921 1,1,-difluoroethane HFC-152a 2903.3922 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane HFC-134a 2903.3923 Pentafluoroethane HFC-125 2903.3924 Hexafluoroethane PFC-116 2903.3925 1,1,1,-trifluoroethane HFC-143a 2903.3929 Other Importance for data reporting

• Compliance with the Montreal Protocol depends of timely reporting of data •Remember consumption is calculated: Consumption = Import – Export + production • Customs play a key role in ensuring a country is in compliance •Reporting is required by specific substance, so detailed information is required Limitations in using HS to detect illegal trade HS is important for accurate data reporting, but… • HS alone cannot prevent illegal trade • Smugglers frequently mis-declare and use different HS codes • Often ‘similar’ HS are used, but those that are not controlled or are subject to lower duties • Cross-checking (HS, CAS, ASHRAE, UN etc) and traditional customs work, e.g risk profiling Controls on Equipment ➢ Many countries have independently introduced controls on products or equipment containing ODS.

➢ Customs officers are encouraged to verify whether their country’s legislation has any trade restrictions concerning products and equipment containing or relying on HCFCs or any other ODS Controls on Equipment •Reducing the amount of HCFC-reliant equipment in a country will make compliance with the phase-out easier

•Many European/central Asian countries have made seizures of HCFC-reliant/containing equipment

Thank You