The Music Academy, Madras-14 Periodicity of Its Publication — Once a Year Printer’S Name — V
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THE JOURNAL OF THE MUSIC ACADEMY MADRAS DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE SCIENCE AND ART OF MUSIC Vol. LV 1984 m f i w l i 1 1 *n^f w figrtfr sir* n “ I dwell not in Vaiknntha, nor in the hearts of Yogins nor in the Snn : (but) where my bhaktas sing, there be I, Narada ! ” Edited by T. S. PARTHASARATHY 1984 The Music Academy Madras 306, T. T. K. Road, Madras-600 014 Annual Subscription - Inland - Rs. 15 : Foreign $ 3.00 OURSELVES This Journal is published as bn Annual. All correspondence relating to thib Journal should be addressed and all books etc., intended for, it should be sent to The Editor. Journal of the Music Academy, 306, Mowbray's Road, ' Madras-600 014. ' Articles on music and dance are accepted for publication on the understanding that they are contributed solely to the Journal of the Music Academy. Manuscripts should be legibly written or, preferably, type written (double-spaced and on one side of the paper only) and should be signed by the writer (giving his or her address in full). The Editor of the Journal is not responsible fdr the views ex pressed by contributors in their articles. JOURNAL COMMITTEE OF THE MUSIC ACADEMY 1. Sri T. S. Parthasarathy — Editor (and Secretary, Music Academy) 2. „ T. V. Rajagopalan — Trustee 3. „ S. Ramaswamy — Executive Trustee 4. „ Sandhyavandanam — Sreenivasa Rao — Member 5. „ S. Ramanathan — Member 6. „ S. Natarajan 'j Secretaries of the Music 7. „ R, Santhanam > Academy, Ex-officio 8. „ T. S. Rangaraian J members. CONTENTS Page The 67th Annual Conference of the Music Academy, Madras: Official Report — 1 Meetings of the Experts' Committee — 20 The Sadas — 42 .t Contribution of Kerala to Karnatic Music Dr. S. Venkitasubramonia Iyer — 60 K. V. Srinivasa Iyengar, Composer Savithri Rajan with Michael Nixon — 74 Evolution of Pratimadhyama and Pratimadhyama Ragas S. /?. Janakiraman — 90 The Gitas and Prabandhas of Venkatamakhi (Tamil) R. Vedavalli — 104 Kuchipudi'Dance Dr. Pappu Venugopala Rao and Dr. Vempati Chinna Satyam — 110 The Services of Abraham Panditar to Karnatic Music T. A . Thanapandian — 117 The Last Scion of the Dikshitar Family * T. S. Parthasarathy — 127 Sanchari Bhavas in Bharata Natyam Lakshmi Viswanathan — 135 Chitta Svaras in Musical Compositions S. R. Jayasita/akshmi — 139 Lesser Known Composers of Andhra Pradesh Dr. Pappu Venugopala Rao — 157 f T O . The Musical Structure of Padams Ritha Rajan — 163 Panchamurchana Melas T. V. Rajagopalan — 171 Musicians and the Setupatis of Ramanathapuram (Tamil) K. C. Kama Hah 1— 175 Notation and Teaching of Gamaka-s Vidya Sankar — 182 The Violin Blaise C a lame 187 Modern Mela Siddhanta T .S. Parthasarathy — 193 Book Reviews N. Ramanathan T. S. Parthasarathy — 201 THE 57TH MADRAS MUSIC CONFERENCE OFFICIAL REPORT THE OPENING DAY 1 8 -1 2 -1 9 8 3 The 67th Annual Conference of the Music Academy, Madras, was held at the T. T. Krishnamachari Auditorium in the premises of the Academy, 306, T. T. K. Road, Madras/ from the 18th December 1983 to 3rd January, 1984. The Conference was inaugurated by the Hon'ble Smt. Sheila Kaul, Minister for Educa tion & Culture, Govt, of India, New Delhi. The inaugural function began with the singing of prayer by Smt. R. Vedavalli. MESSAGES Sri S. Natarajan, Secretary of the Academy, read the following messages received from prominent persons all over India and abroad for the success of the 57th Conference of the Academy. Hon'ble Smt. Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India : "The Music Academy of Madras has maintained high stan dards. Through its association with eminent personalities in the arts it has gained prestige. Its annual music festival is a major forum for the exposition of Carnatic music and an important cultural event for the country. M y good wishes for the 1983 festival". Hon'ble Sri R. Venkataraman, Minister for Defence: "The Music Academy has an excellent record of work in preserving classical Carnatic music and promoting a greater un derstanding between Carnatic and Hindustani music. It has also encouraged research, studies, etc. in the science of Indian music. I am glad that its 57th Annual Conference is to be inaugura ted by the Union Minister for Education & Culture, and will be presided over by Vidvan Dr. S. Pinakapani. 2 THE JOURNAL OF THE MADRAS MUSIC ACADEMY [Vol. LV On the occasion of the 57th Annual Conference I send my greetings and good wishes to the Music Academy and the organi sers of the Conference and wish the function all success". Hon'ble Sri Nedunchezhian, Minister for Finance, Govt, of Tamil Nadu : a1 Qsesrenesr {§jes>&a&y>&$$desr sirtruss 57-*g,QJgl {jftans uhtisitQ u) ffimsoSiflirajib 1983 u^sthuir $w&dr @jpi0) uS&nh 1984 ggasroidijs (y>&eo ais ir AS) spun is&M—Qujd g$(jr)uuer>& <£ijfliigi dSss u>5)(fl&§liL]jbGjDm. ^j,emQG$ it jpitb &jDuuirs, tsenL-Qujbjpieu($u} {gjmss&iftir (sjojaiirmr^ii er metis aiem&ull gpih QjDULijbjpifi fdaQ£Ui sresrjo a-jptjjjuuir® eSffttr GtjDUurrs issdl—Q ujd erar a-ariaaesfliB# aisfps /p&xar ueoafti B^ifhueuirs I” Hon'ble Sri R. M. Veerappan, Minister for Information ft Hindu Religious Endowments, Govt, of Tamil Nadu : " Tamil Nadu is the repository of Indian fine arts. It is more so in the case of Indian Music. The Music Academy, Madras, a premier institution for music and dance in South India, has ren dered yeoman service to enriching music and encouraging young talents. My best wishes for the success of the 57th Annual Conference of Madras Music Academy". Hon’ble Sri K. A. Krishnasamy, Minister for Dairy Development, Govt, of Tamil Nadu : " The Music Academy, Madras, has greatly contributed to the development and preservation of classical Carnatic Music and weaving a fabric of understanding among different schools of music. It has served as a Forum not only for reputed musicians and experts but also for newly emerging musicians. It is no exaggeration that the Madras Music Academy has given a new direction to the study and research of the art and science of Indian music. I am happy that the 57th Conference will be celebrated in December. I have great pleasure in sending my best wishes for the success of the Conference and continued service of the Aca demy for the cause of Indian Music". t h e 57t h Ma d r a s m u sic c o n fe r e n c e 3 Mr. James- A. Rubin, Pan Orient Arte Foundation U.S.A. : "Congratulations to the Academy, particularly on the occa sion of this 57th Conference and generally on your outstanding achievements over the past half a century and more". Sangita Kelanidhi Smt. M. L. Vasanthakumari: " Wishing the Conference success: Congratulations to Pani- garu". Sri Flute N. Ramani: " Wishing the function every success". .* Sri D. Pasupathi, Principal, Sri Venkateswara College of Music, Tirupathi: " I wish the festival a grand success this year". Sri Tanjore Upendran : " Wishing the 57th Annual Conference and festival grand success". Sri T. Lokanadha Sarma, Director, [Development Centre for musical instruments : " I wish the function and the Conference a grand success ". Sri Bangalore K. Venkataraman : " Wishing the function all success". The President of the Academy, Sri T. T. Vasu, welcomed the distinguished guests, members of the Academy and the public. In his address Sri Vasu said : "It is my privilege as President of the Music Academy, to accord a #warm welcome to each one of you. My father, the late Sri TTK was associated with the Academy right from its inception. He is considered to be one of the architects of the Academy, though I had never heard him making any such claim. We, the members of his family, were happy and content with the aesthetic sensibility which we inheritedfrom him. When, however, I was elected President of the Academy, I thought I was just harvesting the fruits of his labour, though his services have gainad ample and gracious recognition through the naming of Academy's auditorium after him. And so, it gives me great pleasure to greet you and welcome you to this the 57th Conference of the Music Academy. 4 THE JOURNAL OF THE MADRAS MUSIC ACADEMY [Vol. LV We have still with us some distinguished ^ membersof tHd Academy who were witness to or sponsors of the Academy in t he late twenties. The Gandhian epoch was then at its high, noon and the creative energies of the nation sought expression in seve ral fields and through several individuals. Bharati had, through profuse strains of patriotic poetry, stirred the1 Tamil consciousness. Sri Aurobindo was established in Pondicherry and ifcri Ramana Maharshi in Tiruvannamalai. C, V. Raman was looming large in in the world of Science. The new life which Bharati had breathed into Tamil flowered into vibrant prose and attractive poetry. The Carnatic music tradition had its great exponents in Tiger Varada- chariar, Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar, Muthiah Bhagavathar. Chidambara Bhagavathar and others. It was an age of great efforts, of great achievements, of great excitements. The Music Academy was a product of those times. Its object was to revive and maintain the shining traditions of Carnatic music. South India in general and Tamil Nadu in particular had a fabulously rich music tradition. From the folk songs which give powerful expres sion to the feelings and urges of the farmer and the worker to the compositions of Tyagaraja and Muthuswami Dikshitar which reach out to the higher aesthetic and spiritual altitudes, we have ascend ing tiers of aesthetic altitudes. The Music Academy was started to preserve and improve the high and exacting aesthetic standards achieved by the great composers and musicians of the South.