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Phone: M 6506. Orders Called for and Delivered. Mmy, 1947 US The Navy League GOLDEN JUBILEE BOOMERANG SONGSTER Patron: H.M. The King No. 50 ORDER Head Office: CONTAINS MORE BIO HITS AND OLD FAVOURITES THAN ANY SONGSTER H. STOREY Grand Buildings, EVER PUBLISHED Trafalgar Square, "Let It Snow," "You've Got Mo Where You Want Me," "My Shawl," "It's Been a Lung, Long Time," LONDON, W.C.2 "A Story Of Two Cigarettes," "On the Atchison, ENGINEERING CO. Topeka and the Santa Fe." "Walt and See," "ChJck- , Branches: ery Chick." "Little Yellow Bird," "I'll Clow My Eye*." "Remember Me." "June Come* Around Every YOUR Great Britain, New South Wales, Year." "Slowly," "That Feeling In the Moonlight." Victoria, South Australia, Tas- "Waitln" For the Train to Come In," "I'm Beginning to See the I-lght." "I'll Always Be With You," "No mania, New Zealand, Ceylon, Can Do," "My Guy'* Come Back." "A Star Fell From Heaven," "We Hate to Leave," "The Glp«y," Rhodesia. "The Memory of a WalU," "My Dreams Are Getting MARINE Affiliated Leagues: Better all the lime." "Hill Marlene," "There Is No Time." "Anniversary Waits." "In the Valley." "I COPY The Navy League of Canada Didn't Mean u »Vord I Said." "Sioux City Sue." and "Cherokee," "Cruising Down the River," "Put Your The Navy League of South Africa Dreams Away." "Anwpola," "Hawaiian War Chant." GENERAL N.S.W. "Swanee," and many others. PRICE, 6d.; posted, 8d. Patron: Or send Stamps or Postal Notes for 2/3 and REPAIRS His Excellency the Governor of "Boomerang" Songster* Nos. 47, 48. 49 and 50 wlU be mailed to your address. N.S.W. NOW • President: T. H. Silk, M.I.C.E., M.I.N.A. Hon. Treasurers: BURNS PHILP TRAVEL SERVICE To "THE NAVY". KOYA1. EXCHANGE BUILDING, Boilermakers BH1DUK ST., SYDNEY. J. L. Milson, C. M. C. Shannon BOOK FOR ALL LINES Hon. Auditors: Pleas*- register my name until further notice for copies of "The Navy". • Robertson, Crane and Gibbons AIR The subscription is 12/6 per 12 issue, post free. I send Postal Hon. Secretary: Note/Cheque/Money Order for issues. Comdr. F. W. Hixson, O.B.E., N VMK Blacksmiths S.S.D. Secretary and Editor: ADDRESS W. W. Beale, O.B.E. e Assistant Editor: B. E. Keen VICTORIA SEA RAIL DATF OXY-ACETYLENE (Incorporating Navy League Sea AND Cadet Corps) FOR ALL TRAVEL INFORMATION Patron: apply GOOD THINGS ELECTRIC WELDING His Excellency the Governor of 312 COLLINS ST.. MELBOURNE IN ALL Victoria PHONE: MU 8941 President: BRANCHES Captain S. A. Pidgeon, R.D., R.N.R. * Hon. Treasurer: When ships of the Navy " heave to" this rope C. W. Lucas, Esq. SUSSEX LANE Secretary: holds fast! L. S. Digby, Esq. TO COME SYDNEY SOUTH AUSTRALIA There'll be dainties by the score ... and rich variety in Patron: flavour . . . whan Joyce Biscuits come back. So, watch for PHONE: B 5866 His Excellency The Governor of S.A. President: Sir Charles Lucas Hon. Secretary: ANCHOR BRAND JOVCE/flMlHTS L. T. Ewens May, 194 7 114 The .>•»• About Aluminium in Shipbuilding No. 1 High strength, light weight aluminium alloys are being used to The Navy ^ May 1947 reduce the top weight of ships. This reduction in weight above the LYKE - NU water line lowers the centre of gravity and increases stability. Contents The corrosion resistance of special aluminium alloys allows them DRY CLEANING to be used for such eiposed applications as life boats, davits, Editorial "9 winches, deck-houses, funnels, masts and many other types of deck Editor's Notes 120 CO. PTY. LTD. fittings. The United States Navy of To day. By Rear-Admiral H. G. Thursfield, R.N. .. 121 • Naval Personalities Australian Aluminium Company No. 5: Rear-Admiral J. A. Collins, C.B 125 Sea Affairs at Home and Abroad. By Francis McMurtrie 126 ALUMINIUM If^^JJlfM »»ODUCTS Looking Backwards. By Norton 129 PROPRIETARY LIMITED H.M.A.S. "Hobart" 130 Incorpor.t.d in the State of Victoria The Origin of Seamanship. By Lt. Roland Blackburn, R.N.V.R 134 70 Suburban Exploring the Ocean Floor. By T. S. Douglas 136

GENERAL OFFICES AND FABRICATION DIVISION. GRANVILLE, N.S.W. Naval Empire.—Air Age. By Donald Cowie 132 Branches Non-Magnetic. By Francis McMurtrie 139 Navy Quiz 140 and Ex-Naval Men's Association of Australia 141 A Few Merchant Navy Facts 142 Depots USHERS Naval Appointments, Promotions, etc 143 • Royal Australian Navy, Sub-Branch, R.S.S. & A.I.L.A 145 Distinguished Among the World's A Brief Biographical Sketch of Our New Editor— Lt. Commander G. H. GILL, M.B.E., R.A.N.V.R. 146 Finest Hotels Book Reviews 147 * The Naval Officers' Club (N.S.W.) 149 575-77 PARRAMATTA RD. Personal 151 Sea Cadet News 152 LEICHHARDT IlluHtratioHB CASTLEREAGH ST.. SYDNEY The Barque "Pamir" leaving Sydney 137 'Phone: LM 4724 Trophies for Ocean Race 140 USHERS Front Cover: A U.S. Destroyer in heavy weather. and

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Mwy, 1947 117 il« Legal Service Bureaux

For the purpose of giving legal advice and service to present and former members of the Forces and their dependants, the Legal Service Bureau was established in 1942, as part of the Commonwealth Attorney-General's Department. This Bureau is available to assist both men and women. Its address in this State is—

4th Floor, Mercantile Mutual Building 117 PITT STREET, SYDNEY Telephone BW 1852 Under Part U of the Re-establishment and Employ ment Act 1945, members and ex-members of the Forces A GOOD BEGINNING are entitled to preference in certain circumstances in Official Organ of engagement for employment. They also have other h half special rights—for example, in relation to housing and THE NAVY LEAGUE the battle tenancy, and moratorium and re-establishment benefits Circulating throughout H.M.A. Ships and Shore Kslalilishments and to the General Public in Australia. Hie Commonwealth Attorney-General's Legal Service Bureau advises, without charge, on all legal matter* So start right now to give your affecting servicemen or their dependants. Any member Price 1/- MAY, 1947 Vol. 10—No. 5 teeth and gums the rare the\ or ex-member of the Forces who believes he has not been given the treatment to which he is entitled, under need. Brushing alone is not the Re-establishment and Employment Act or other- WELCOME TO U.S. TASK FORCE 38 enough .... for your gum* wise, is invited to place the facts of his case before the Legal Service Bureau, either by letter or by need exercise of which soft personal calL A large American Task Force is to visit Australia modern foods deprive them. H. V. EVATT, this month. We extend to all officers and men a For this reason many dentist, Attorney-General of the hearty welcome. We are delighted in having this recommend Ipana Tooth Paste opportunity to renew acquaintances made during Commonwealth. those four hard years of the Pacific War, and in and gum massage. Ipana i. greeting and thanking them now, in our home waters in peace, for their designed not only to clean great services to mankind. We of the British Empire, and our visitors teeth, but to help your gurat from the United States of Amerira, members of the two great English- speaking democracies, who fought shoulder to shoulder in the Seven Seas as well. and who together had the satisfaction of seeing the Hun, and later the For the utmost in Value and Variety . . . Jap driven to their knees in unconditional surrender, have many impor- Buy a tube of Ipana from tant peace-time tasks ahead in order to keep the world a safe place for your chemist to-day. SHOP AT those who follow us. It is such visits which help to cement the friendship between our two great nations. We hope our visitors will enjoy their stay and that they will have opportunities to see our country. We wish COLES they could remain longer, and are sure they will tak. away many pleasant Ipana recollections. 86 Busy Stores throughout Australia G. D. MOORE. TOOTH PASTE Rear-Admiral, Phones: JA II: Flag Offieer-in-Charge, Brntoi-Myn Co. Hy. Ltd.. Sydnay. New South Wales.

113 Editor's Notes

"THE NAVY" is published nutnlhly. Literary communications, photograph* and letters /or insertion (tchich should be short) should be addressed to the Editor of "THE NAVY" Royal Exchange Huilding, Bridge St., Sydney. The Editor does not hold himself respon- sible for manuscripts, though every effort trill be made to return those found unsuitablf icith which a stamped and addressed envelope is enclosed. The opinions expressed in signed articles are those of the writers and n ot necessarily those of the Navy League.

NE It FEATURES FOR • " Decorated Officers and • NEW EDITOR.—Commenc- "THE NAVY" Men" is another feature starting ing with the June issue, Lt.-Com- • Commencing with this issue, in June and we think this will be mander G. H. Gill, M.B.E., "Sea Affairs at Home and Abroad" welcomed by all our readers. R.A.N.V.R., assumes the general by Francis McMurtrie, brings Photographs and a concise account Editorship of "The Navy" in Aus- news of Naval interest from all of the incidents behind the decora- tralia. Lt.-Commander Gill will over the world. Reproduced by tions will make interesting read- bring a wide knowledge of nauti- permission of the Navy League, ing. cal affairs to his task and under England, from The NAVY (Eng- his able direction "The Navy", • "Make and Mend" is a page with its many added features and lish Edition). It will appear for a quiet hour and to test your regularly each month. improvements in lay-out and illus- knowledge of things Naval and trations, should become widely • " Looking Backwards " has Nautical. It starts in our next popular. been specially compiled by Nor- issue. ton with an American background • Captain W. W. Beale, O.B.E., for this issue. This well known who instituted the magazine under artist will contribute a page every the title "Navy League Journal" month from now on. in the year 1920, has found it necessary to relinquish the Editor- • In honour of the visit of ship owing to indifferent health U.S. Task Force 38 this month and the pressure of work in other The Great "Iowa" of the U.S. Navy. appears "The United States Navy directions associated with the as it is To-dav" by Rear-Admiral Navy League. Thursfield, R.N., with illustra- The United States Navy tions. Our Cover depicts one of • Rear-Admiral J. A. Collins, the most dramatic destroyer shots C.B., R.A.N., is our Naval Per- we have seen and is an official sonality for this month, and on this page is one of his most recent of To-day U.S. War Office Photograph. photographs, taken before he left By REAR-ADMIRAL H. G. THURSFIELD • News from the Ex-Naval for England. Our Personality for Men's Association, The R.A.N. June is Admiral Sir Louis Hamil- HE close of the Second Great celled or remodelled before being the final decision on that irrevo- Sub-Branch of the R.S.S.A.I.L.A. ton, K.C.B., D.S.O., First Naval TWar—World War II, as it resumed later; and these uncer- cable course has not yet been and the Naval Officers' Club Member of the Australian Com- is generally known across the At- tainties arc lekely to persist for taken. (N.S.W.) will keep you informed monwealth Naval Board. lantic—has left the United States some time, at least until after the It is not necessary, however, to as to these organisations' activi- Navy in the position held for so lessons of the atomic-bomb tests await those decisions to arrive at ties each month. New members many generations by the British at Bikini have been formulated a fair estimate of comparative are always welcome and the Secre- Navy, that of the greatest in the and digested. Most of the war- numerical naval strengths today— taries and their addresses will be Keep a Good world. The exact composition of ships which were already in ser- or indeed tomorrow, which is un- found under their relevant head- the fleets of today is not yet as- vice before the late war, though likely to be materially different. ings. certainable with certainty, because they did sterling service in the There are, in effect, anly two Lookout the process of post-war readjust- course of it, are likely to be navies now that count—the Brit- • Beginning with June issue ish and the United Sta.es'; and "What the R.A.N, is doing at Sea ment is still going on. The build- scrapped now or in the near fut- ing of some ships which were ure; owing to the operation of the ships in them that count are and Ashore" will cover the whole for the Next Issue of those that have been completed of the Australian Naval water- already started when the war— the Washington Treaty and its rather unexpectedly—came to an successors in the sphere of naval for service since the outbreak of front, bringing you sporting re- war in September, 1939. Their sults, personal pars and anything end has been cancelled; of others, limitation, they were already a The Navy' it has been suspended or much long way towards being worn out numbers will, of course, be in- of general interest, from Ships creased by the ships still under and Shore Establishments. slowed down—possibly to be can- at its start. But in many cases

May, 1947 no n> Ha»y 1X1 has been abandoned. Inciden- Nor is there any compensating terpretation of the phrase "The What was objected to in this tally, it may be observed that, in disparity of skill and efficiency Freedom of the Seas," which country was the American project view of the doubts expressed by that would tend to redress the ceased to be a bone of contention of achieving parity by the process many competent judges regarding balance. The Royal Navy is justly only when the two peoples found of reducing the British Navy to the future utility of the very large proud of its traditional standards themselves actively allied in war, an arbitrary figure fixed by Ameri- bomber, their cancellation would in those respects; but British offi- is an example that would effect- can theorists as the ideal Ameri- seem to be a wise economic move; cers and men who have seen most ively dispose of any such theory. can naval strength, when that fig- and but for the fact that their of the United States Navy, and But neither has ever threatened ure bore no relation whatever to American sisters had been com- have fought alongside them, some- the security or vital interests of British naval needs for security. pleted much earlier, it is very times under British command and the other, or has ever constituted The British attitude during those doubtful if they, either, would somcrimes under American, would a menace to the freedom of the troublesome arguments was, in have survived the post-war "shake- be the first to admit that, even if world or to justice for its peoples. effect, to say, "This is the strength out." In fleet carriers, heavy and in some respects the Americans at which the British Navy must light, the United States Navy had something to learn from Nor is there anything new in be maintained in order to assure numbers 40 as against 16 British; them, in others—perhaps even in the recognition of this fundamen- British security; we have no de- in escort carriers, 80 to 40, but, more—there was much that the tal unity of ideals. During all sire to raise any objection if the as a substantial number of the Royal Navy could learn from its the years that the strength of the U.S.A. decides to provide a Un- latter were the product of Lend- trans-Atlantic friends. There is British Navy was governed, almost ited States Fleet of the same Lease, it is possible that they may no gainsaying the fact that, tak- rigidly, by the "Two Power Stan- strength, but do not ask us to before long be handed back to ing all relevant factors into ac- dard," the United States Navy was compromise our security by re- the United States—a process which . count, the United States is now always excluded from the calcu- ducing below that figure because will very materially affect the the greatest sea power in the lations which turned that formula you don't want to build so many comparison, since each one re- world. into definite figures, and an in- U.S. Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz (right) shakes hands with his turned will, so to speak, "count crease in the American Navy was predecessor, Admiral Ernest J. King. two on a division." There is no reason why this never cited as a reason for an im- development should be viewed mediate corresponding increase in construction which it may event- "intermediate ship," and concen- If the comparison is extended with any disquiet, jealousy or un- our own, as a similar growth in ually be decided to complete. But trate on either the heavy bank- to cruisers, the talc is the same. easiness in this country, or indeed a Continental Navy would have that increase is not likely to be ship, with a main armament of American up-to-date cruisers num- in any part of the British Empire. been. It is possible, however, substantial, or materially to affect really heavy guns and armour pro- ber some 55 to the British 20, There will be many, no doubt, that this exclusion was not always the balance between the fleets— tection on the scale so dictated, and on the average the former among those who have been ac- as clearly recognised in political A it may increase the disparity, but or the lightly armed and protect- are larger and more heavily arm- customed, without any very clear circles in the United States as it it is highly unlikely to reduce it ed, highly mobile light cruiser. As ed than the latter. But these fig- thinking about it, to sing "Rule- was in this country. and, in any case, will certainly between the two fleets, the com- ures probably exaggerate the dis- Britannia" and to boast of the not reverse it. Post-1939 ships, In the period between the wars, parison in this heaviest class thus parity, if account is taken of Brit- British Navy as the greatest and therefore, have been taken as the there was heard a good deal of tomes out at 2J to 1. ish losses during the war, of the best in the world, who will think basis of the comparison which complaint in such circles that, in otherwise, and will feel grief, or follows, in which no attempt has In aircraft carriers the com- proportion of older British cruis- the negotiation for the various even shame, that it must now been made to achieve exact figures. parison is not greatly different. ers that survive, and of the fact disarmament treaties, or treaties They may be divided into dir e yield pride of place. But, in fact, that the United States Fleet had for naval limitation, that were classes—fleet carriers, light fleet the British and American Navies Of battleships, the United more leeway to make up in this discussed from time to time, there carriers and escort carriers. But have never—since the brief inter- States Navy possesses eleven class than in others in order to was a reluctance on the British the United States Navy possesses lude of the ill-judged war of 1812 against five British; and to them create a well-balanced fleet. The side to concede to the United also three of what may be de- —been rivals. They have stood may reasonably be added the three final result, however, is very States Navy the "parity" which scribed as "super-carriers," the for the same ideals of freedom, heavy cruisers Alaska, Guam and much the same. In destroyers, had been accepted at Washington Midway, Franklin Roosevelt and justice and the observance of un- Hawaii, which are reported to the numbers are more than 3 to in 1921-22 when the treaty of Coral Sea, of 45,000 tons, design- dertakings — honesty between mount nine 12-inch guns as a 1; and if the smaller classes of that name was negotiated. Actu- ed, it is to be supposed, to be nations no less than between per- main armament, though, as their fighting ships are taken into ac- ally, it was not to "parity" that displacement is only 27,500 tons capable of operating four-engined count—"destroyer escorts" in Am- sons. bombers or. of course, a propor- anyone in this country objected, and they are credited with a erican, "frigates," etc., in English No sensible person would pre- for all sensible Britons recognised speed of 30 knots, it would seem tionately larger number of ordin- —it is not likely to come out ary sized aircraft. tend that Great Britain and the that it was within the power of improbable that their protection very differently. On the whole, United States have always seen the United States Government to can be very heavy. There arc There were three similar ships the United States Fleet is now eye to eye in international affairs, achieve it whenever they desired, no comparable ships in the Royal under construction—at an ea-ly numerically between two and a or have placed exactly the same no matter what we did in this stage—for the Royal Navy when Navy, in which the tendency— half and three times the strength interpretation on the principles country; and in that case, even if the war came to an end, but only in the late war as in all the wars of the Royal Navy, even if the that both have accepted and pro- we had had the fancied objection small progress had been made of the past, not excluding that of Dominion Navies are added in to fessed. Indeed, the long-standing to "parity," we could not possibly The long narrow hull of the 1914-18—has been to abandon the with them, and their construction the total of the latter. controversy over the precise in- have done anything about it. "Iowa" was designed for speed.

The >»vt 13S May, 194 7 IMS ships." By the anti-British Press any the worse? It should be recognised, more- this attitude was represented Certainly we had very good rea- over that, whatever the vocifer- across the Atlantic as a denial of son to be thankful in 1940 that ations of the anti-British Press in American right to "parity"; but the United States Navy possessed America, in time of stress sober it was a misrepresentation. some surplus ships when the American opinion reciprocates famous fifty destroyers were trans- this view. One need only recall The present situation might ferred to the Royal Navy in its Mr. Roosevelt's "Four Freedoms" well have arisen after the First hour of need. If those battle address to Congress of 6th Janu- Nanal JbraimalttwH World War, if it had laster rather cruisers, two of which became ary, 1941, in which he said "There longer. At the end of that war the aircraft carriers, Lexington is much loose talk of our im- No. 5 there was in hand for the United and Saratoga, and the battleships munity from immediate and direct States Navy a programme of new which were all scrapped in 1922 invasion from across the seas. Ob- Rear-Admiral J. A. COLLINS, C.B. construction on capital ships— had been completed and manned, viously, as long as the British then considered the chief element the veiy existence of a fleet so Na\y retains its power, no such in naval strength—which would commanding, by the standards danger exists." JOHN AUGUSTINF. COLONS, have far surpassed the numbers of that day, might well have done that would have survived in the much to discourage the war-mon- In conclusion, that distingu- 1 C.B., was born at Deloraine, British Navy after the close of gers of Germany and Japan from ished American writer on foreign Tasmania, in 1899. Joined the that war. The ships were never embarking on their career of affairs, Mr. Walter Lippman, may ] R.A.N, in 1913 as one of the finished, because they were can- world-conquest. We in this coun- be quoted to the same effect. "Brit- original term cadet midshipmen in the celled and scrapped in accordance try should have nothing but a wel- ain must go to the defence of Royal Australian Naval College, from with the reductions agreed upon come for any access of strength the Americas or the British Com- at the Washington Conference. to the American Navy, even if monwealth of Nations would dis- which he graduated as midshipman in But if the war had lasted long it should have the effect of mak- solve. America must go to January, 1917. enough for them to be completed, ing that Service surpass the level the defence of the United King- He served with the Grand Fleet in 1917-18. He specialised in gunnery the situation which now faces us of our own; for not to recognise dom and its positions on the and served in H.M.A.S. "Australia" from 1928 to 1930 as Squadron Gunnery would have existed then. that in the present economic state other side of the Atlantic, or run Officer and from 1930 to 1931 was in command H.M.A.S. "Anzac". In of the nations of the world the the mortal risk of letting a hostile 1937 he was promoted to Commander and at the outbreak of war he was United States can achieve that re- And who shall say that we in Power establish itself in the near Assistant Chief of Naval Staff at Navy Office. sult whenever they wish to do approaches to the Western Hemis- this cou.try, or the world in so is to shut one's eyes to realities. In November 1939 he was appointed to command H.M.A.S. "Sydney". general indeed, would have been phere. The reality of this bond between Britain and America has In that position he performed distinguished service in the Mediter- been tested and demonstrated for ranean, the most outstanding feat being "Sydney's" sinking of the Italian more than a century. . . . Once cruiser "Bartolomeo Colleoni". it is clear how indispensable is a On his relinquishing his command of "Sydney" in 1941 he served as British-American alliance in the Acting Commodore in the Netherlands East Indies. On his return to Australia Atlantic, where our most funda- he fiDed the position of Naval Officer-in-ClMrge, Fremantle, until he was mental interests lie, it will also appointed in command of H.M.A.S. "Shropabire". In June, 1944, he was become clear that the Alliance is appointed Commodore Commanding the Australian Squadron, the first R.A.N. necessary to the defence of the Officer to hold this command. Pacific." ("U.S. Foreign Policy," During the Leyte Gulf operations in October, 1944, he was wounded 1943.) when his flagship H.M.A.S. "Australia" was struck by suicide planes. After recovery from these wounds he took up dutie* a* Naval Officer-in-Charge,, These are the realities of the Fremantle, until April, 1945, when he once again took over command of world situation today, and we the Australian Squadron. should recognise and acknow- In November, 1946, be relinquished the command of the squadron to ledge them. In this country it Commodore Farncomb, to leave for England to attend the Imperial Defence is our duty, as ever, to maintain College. the sea forces of the Empire at the level at which security de- mands; and it is neither necessary DECORATIONS. to take American strength into Awarded C.B. for service in the sinking of "Bart Colleoni". account in estimating the threats For service* to the Royal Netherlands Navy was to that security, nor to view in- the Order of Oranje-Nassau. crease of that strength, whatever United State* Legion of Merit, Degree of Officer. The U.S.S. "Princeton", Aircraft Carrier, leaving Trinidad with a level that increase reaches, with Mentioned in Despatches. column of destroyers jn her wake. anything but welcome.

124 The Navy War. 1947 III 1

come. It should be possible to pre- been expected that the Malaya patrol vessels PCE 867 and PCE pare such an account more easily would have been the first to go. 869; the minesweepers Yung than after the 1914-18 war, since All three surviving battleships Hsing, Yung Ning, Yung Tn the German Admiralty's official of the "Royal Sovereign" type and Yung Ting, which were the archives are understood to have must also be nearing the scrap- Logic, Lucid, Magnet and Main- fallen into Allied possession. heap. At present the Resolution stay; and the oiler Omei, ex-Man- and Revenge, minus their arma- mee. ments, are serving as the stokers' Ex-Japanese warships which training establishment at Devon- have hoisted the Chinese flag in- Two ships belonging to the port, sharing jointly the name Royal Navy were lost in the Imperieuse, while the Ramillies, clude the gunboats Chang Chih, South China Sea in the week be- after a spell as an accommodation An Tung, Chang Teh and Tai fore Christmas. On 20th Decem- ship attached to the Vernon tor- Yuan. Former identities of the ber the war-built tug Enticer, of pedo school, is reported to be two latter are not known, but the 1,332 tons displacement, found- taking over the duties of a train- Chang Chih was the Uji, and the ered in heavy weather while pro- ing ship in place of the Foudroy- An Tung the Ataka. ceeding to the assistance of a ant establishment, which until the Other additions to the Chinese Swedish merchant vessel, the end of last year comprised the old fleet include seven LST's five Rosebank. The master and chief wooden warships Implacable and LSM's, four LCI's and three engineer both lost their lives. Foudroyant. It is understood that LCT's. In the same week the frigate these worn-out veterans are no Aire, while on passage from Hong longer considered seaworthy DENMARK Kong to Singapore, ran on to enough for the job, and fears It now appears that three Brit- By the Bombay Reef, to the south- have been expressed -hat they will ish submarines are being pur- ward of Hainan, and became a at last have to be discarded, after chased by the Royal Danish Navy. FRANCIS McMURTRIE total loss. Fortunately, everyone between 130 and 150 years of These are the P 52, which setvfd FROM LONDON on board was rescued by the existence afloat. under the Polish flag during the depot ship Bonaventure, which war as the Dzik; the Vortex, was also proceeding to Singapore (Since these notes icere received, which for a time was lent to the O-CALLED ECONOMY ap- boys entering the Royal Navy, It is pointed out in one letter The Aire had only recently re- H.M.S. Warspite was unfortunately French Navy and known as the pears to be striking at the the other two being H.M.S. Gan- that, according to The British sumed her original name, having driven ashore in a gale, and became Morse; and the Vulpine, newest S a total loss.—Ed.) roots of our naval training pro- ges at Shotley, between Harwich Navy in the Second Worla War, been known as the Tamar for of the trio. All belong to the by Admiral Sir William James, gramme. and Ipswich, and H.M.S. St. Vin- several months while acting as CHINA same general type, with a surface cent, at Gosport. This year's in- the ship that was torpedoed by base ship at Hong Kong. displacement of 540 tons or there- H.M.S. Impregnable, the shore New names have been confer- take of boys, estimated at about H.M. submarine Spearfish on 11th abouts, which is regarded as em- training establishment at St. Bud- red on a number of ships ac- 4,500, would have fully commit- April, 1940, was the Admiral inently suitable for the narrow eaux on the outskirts of Devon- quired from the United States ted the combined resources of the Scheer. This does not agree with Danish waters. port, did not reopen last month three establishments. In default the account of the situation given By the time these notes appear Navy. These include the Tai Kang as intended. Fresh orders having of alternative accommodation, the by Admiral of the Fleet Sir it is probable that H.M.S. War- and Tai Ping, previously the de- It is still very doubtful whether this effect reached Plymouth short- only possible method of dealing Charles Forbes, who was Com- spite, having landed her guns and stroyer escorts Wyffels and Deck- it will be found worth while to ly before Christmas, implying a with the situation which is bound mander-in-Chief of the Home other equipment at Portsmouth, er, respectively; the Yung Sheng rebuild the Danish submarines complete change in the arrange- to arise within six months would Fleet at the critical period. He will have proceeded to Faslane and Yung Shun, formerly the Havfruen, Havkalen, Havmanden ments that had been made. Only be to cut down the period of states that it was a sister ship, to be broken up by Metal In- a short time previously Captain training, which normally occupies the Lutzow, ex-Deutschland, dustries, Ltd. It may be assumed John W. Grant, D.S.O., R.N., 12 months. which the Spearfish attacked and that in due course other battle- had been appointed to the com- ships built during the same per- Such a reduction would neces- disabled. At the same time he mand of the Impregnable, in iod will follow her. For example, sarily imply acceptance of a low- mentions that the Admiral Scheer readiness for its resumption of there is the Malaya which started er standard of efficiency in train- was "out of action" from 3rd peacetime functions as a training as a sister of the Warspite but ed men, a very serious thing in- Match, 1940, until the end of establishment for boys. Captain now differs from her in various deed in a service with such high the following July. Grant received his decoration in respects owing to the extent of traditions as the Royal Navy. 1942 after serving as executive It would be interesting if this reconstruction undergone by the officer of H.M.S. Penelope, the point of difference could be eluci- latter. This far exceeded the famous "pepperpot" cruiser which Last month's reference to the dated. There are so many doubt- modernisation process to which withstood so manmy enemy air at- German Navy's weakness at the ful incidents in the scanty pub- the Malaya was subjected; and tacks at Malta annd ai t sea. time when Hitler was threatening lished records of the war at sea indeed, but for the heavy damage Before the war there were three to invade this country in 1940 that the appearance of an official sustained by the Warspite in main training establishments for has brought some correspondence. account would be more than wel- 1943 and 1944, it might have The Dominican Frigate "Presidente Trujillo".

1X6 The Navy May, 1947 117 "BARCOO" TO SURVEY

KOKOPO AND YAMPI - - S - Ld e- SOUND H.M.A.S. "Barcoo" (Lieutenant- Commander D A. T. Gale, D.S.C., R.A.N.) left Sydney on 24th April for Kokopo, New Britain, to carry out hydrographic duties in that area. After completion of the work at Kokopo the ship will The New Swedish Cruiser "Tre Kronor" sail for the north-west coast of Australia to undertake a survey and Havronen, so extensively the many modern ships of this of the Yampi Sound. were they damaged when scuttled category built during the war. to avoid seizure by the Germans She was one of the few ships "Barcoo" will spend nearly seven in 1943. Quite small craft, with with beam funnels that could be months on this work, using Darwin as its base. a surface displacement of only lowered to a horizontal position 320 tons, they were of recent when required, a characteristic This R.A.N, frigate completed design, having been completed in which she shared with the small a survey of Bass Strait early in 1938-40. Japanese carrier Hosho (or Hos- the year and has been in Sydney vo). since March, refitting and prepar- DOMINICAN REPUBLIC ing for its new task. It has been decided to build no Two fine modern escort vessels more motor torpedo boats for the have been acquired by this State. U.S. Navy, and all the hundreds One is the frigate Presidente Tru- of these craft built during the ROYAL AUSTRALIAN jillo, ex-tttM CS. Carlplace; the war have been disposed of with other is the corvette Colon, ex- the exception of four retained NAVAL COLLEGE H.M.C.S. Lachute. An illustra- for instructional purposes. The tion of the former is furnished official view is that in the Pacific Entry of herewith by the courtesy of the war m.t.bs. failed to justify their Naval Department of the Dom- cost. Compared with submarines, CADET inican Ministry of Defence. their record was disappointing. MIDSHIPMEN SWEDEN It is notified that an examina- A photograph of the new cruis- tion for entry into tha Royal Aus- er Tre Kronor, of 7,400 tons, run- tralian Naval Collaga, Flinders Naval Depot, Victoria, will ba ning her trials is annexed. Great hald in Saptambar, 1947. things are expected of this ship Are You a Only boys born during tha cal- by her designers, who revised the endar year 1934 will ba aligibla original plans to incorporate war to sit for the axamination, and lessons. The armament, furnished intanding candidates are advised Subscriber to to make early application for in- entirely by the Bofors concern, formation as to the educational comprises seven 6-inch, 20 40 mm. standard requirad. and nine 20 mm. guns, besides Applications will ba received depth charge throwers and six by tha Secretary. Navy OfRca, Melbourne, S.C.I, not later than torpedo tubes. Protection is said 15th Juna, 1947. ®aMmmmm to be exceptionally good for a 'The Navy'? OJ^ CXiciNJG tfie Ameeicakj CIVIL. cruiser of this size, with three to w^ WAa trie Full particulars may ba obtained SouTWEiavJ States .which five inches of side armour. De- HAD POOE Ir-JCHJSTtaiAL CESOURC6S. from tha \VERe DESP6CATHLY IKI NEED O/ IBOfJ signed speed is 33 knots with WITH WHICH TO ABMQQ THEie'Wf«BMIc;' 100,000 sJj.p., Order Your STAFF OFFICER. — SO THEN" KIPPED OP THREE MlltS UAA. ( R.t.rv.1) OF W/\V LINEA KIBARMCIC50UB3 AMD ROLLED PLATES FROM THAT. BfcACH ROAD, EDGECIIFF 1\

ISO The ItaTjr May, 1947 131

K 1 THE BRITISH Empire was created by sea the ships must use. Aircraft were the claws of! power, will the British Empire endure when that operation: but shipping comprised the rsea power has ceased to be important and aerial Naval Empire-Air Age paws, the powerful limbs and the great, hurtling strength is the dominating factor in world body of our revenge. affairs? A RECONCILIATION Events in the Orient since the victory have That question interests many people at the By DONALD COWIE underlined the continuing importance of sea- resent time, the friends of Britain no less than power. Britain and America possess those er enemies. Several attempts have been made Now for the refutation and the reconciliation. United Nations. Aircraft are still like guns, thousands of aircraft, but the countries of the to answer it, but the Jeremiahs have as usual in that they cannot bombard the enemy effect- Far East still wait upon shipping for their true made the most noise. They point for example, This can begin conveniently with that last, rid- ively till they are brought within range of him. liberation. To land the occupying armies in to empires that fell in the past because of some iculous fallacy about our good American allies Japan, to remove the Japanese soldiery from change in methods of transport. The wealth and their Pacific victory. Obviously it is not A vast armada of ships steamed from Ameri- Burma, Malaya, China and the South Sea of the Manchu Empire in northern China was true that a few thousand American aircraft won can and British ports across thousands of miles Islands, to repatriate war prisoners and to bring derived from the great caravan routes across that war. Aircraft accelerated the victory, of ocean towards Japan. Naval battles were relief in the form of food and clothing to Asia. When the caravans were replaced by which might have been delayed for a year or fought to prevent the strong Japanese Navy devastated areas, whole fleets of British and European ships that carried goods round the two longer but for their powerful short-range from interfering with that operation. Allied American merchant vessels have been necessary. Oriental seas to and from China, the Manchu blows against Japan. But the war was won soldiers battled on tropical islands and through So great has been the demand for tonnage that pride was humbled. And (the Jeremiahs con- fundamentally by the American and British Asiatic jungles to prevent the strong Japanese aircraft-carriers have been used for passenger tinue) we all know towns that were wealthy navies and by the merchant shipping of the Army from controlling bases and ports that and freight transport! and powerful in the days of horse transport, when coaches injected prosperity into them Meanwhile the world has been anxiously every week, but that declined sadly when by- awaiting the raw materials from the Orient that passed by the new railways. were isolated by the war. But Malaya cannot yield her rubber and tin until ships are available How familiar we all are with those boyhood for the transport of those commodities, nor can maps that depicted the British Empire in splen- the Dutch East Indies supply us with petroleum, did scarlet! And how significant it was that quinine and many other products, nor China most of those vast dominions and colonies export again her silks, and rice, and teak and stood at ocean crossroads, or bordered conven- other rare commodities. Conversely the world ient seas! All the way from England to China cannot provide hungry Oriental markets with the map was a chain of red, where British goods and services from cotton gowns to safety- ships originally brought trade to the local in- pins and from currency systems to religious habitants, and established a long reign of peace missions, until—the ships are available. Aircraft by firm rule and generous government. can fly emergency supplies, but the freight that Such a voyage would take us to Gibraltar, can be carried by aircraft is still an insignificant Malta, then the Middle Eastern countries pre- drop in the ocean of demand. served in their present form by the strength That is the first answer to the contention that of the Royal Navy, all India, Ceylon, Burma, out British Empire must decline with the coming Malaya, Hong Kong. Africa and Australasia, of air power. the islands of the Indian Ocean and the South Seas, they became part of the British Empire As the nations that entered the late war with as a result of sea power. Canada was built by the strongest navies were the victors eventually, men and women who had sailed there in ships. and not the nations that entered the war with And the rich interests of Britain everywhere, the strongest air forces, so the peace will be no less than British political power, were de- won by those countries which are in a position rived chiefly from,marine enterprise. to supply the economic needs of the world by sea. And, if we consider the Orient alone, the Certainly it might seem justifiable for the British Empire controls the main shipping routes superficial to shrug shoulders and say: "The through the Mediterranean, round Africa, round British Empire is finished." India, round the East Indies, Australia and New Then, Mr. Amateur Strategist in the corner Zealand. The British Empire certainly knows armchair, how easy is it for you to complete the more about ocean transport to and from China destruction of our glorious heritage by recalling than any other power or group of powers. the recent events which enabled the United But there is a second answer to the gloomy State of America to send a few thousand air- and/or triumphant people. Let us presume for the craft out East and become mistress of the sake of argument that air power does eventually Orient in a few months! supersede sea power. Even so, the British Em-

133 before they came over here. In for they had reached their dark away from his childhood home, embrace, until, live or die, one of Normandy they lost their lan- ages. So nature brought forth a and who revisits it again in after them shall go down. guage, and became, as one might aew race of men, who had hard- years. He does not consciously say, Frenchified. They tried to ship for their teacher. The grace- remember, yet he is strangely fam- But the robust Norseman had make up for the loss of some of ful Greeks were gone the ways iliar with so many things that he something besides this rugged the old rough virtues by putting a ef sophistry and voluptuousness. sees and hears —those sleeping in- strength. The eternal springs higher polish on their vices. The strong, silent Romans, who stincts awake whereby kinship of also touched with tenderness this had for so long marched forward nature will assert itself. grim rock of valour. Trait after In their own chronicles they in their conquering phalanx, had trait, touch after touch may be have called their conquest the been broken, and so Nature open- In the misty morning of the recognised as our own. "Memory of Sorrows." They only ed up the huge storehouses of past the Englishman sees heroic conquered England at Hastings strength in the north. For the forms. The faces of the young When passionate they turn red because the people had been so world just then especially needed are ruddy, with clear blue eyes; in the face. They have a pretty exhausted and the land so deso- a race of men who should be- the long hair of their women is sure grip of reality, and do not lated by the many desperate bat- come masters of the sea. A race golden fair. The aged warriors go into blind hysterics about tles that had been fought around of builders as well as warriors, stand up in their courts of justice, theories. They can do a magnani- its coasts—battles to stem the tides Who could plant as well as plun- and say their say very briefly, but mous thing, and save a life with- of Norsemen as they passed, sur- der, colonise as well as conquer. with a voice of steel. out fuss or words. They love ging in wave after wave, year fair play and no favour. Like us, "The Cruelty of the Sea had passed into their Race." after year from the sea. Only 19 And in the far north was found He sees them coming into the in the right they will persist to days before he fell at Hastings, the fresh fuel to kindle and quick- sea fight with the dragon-heads the end, but in the wrong their Harold had beaten off a vast en the Anglo-Saxon into the pre- of their long ships agape and obstinacy grows almost sublime. The Origin of raging army under Harold Sigurd- sent English race. They gave us richly gilt. There sits the king In these and other characteristics, sson. We must look back a little the impulse of our maritime en- in helmet and short red cloak, we behold our own early kindred further than the advent of Nor- terprise, and sowed many seeds steering his own ship—sword in the Norsemen, the heroes of the British Seamanship man William, if we would see of that public and private free- one hand and tiller in the other. old Scandinavian Sagas. how the more vital stamina of dom which crowns each man king The war-horns sound, the ships The sea-kings who broke forth By LIEUTENANT ROLAND BLACKBURN, R.N.V.R. our race was put into it, and how of his own castle or cottage. They close up together, and they fall in conquering strength, have this country became the furnace possessed the germ of our repre- to. When the spears and arrows brought forth our Drakes and HALES, a Greek philosopher, noblest vigour that she could find and the forge in which was sentative governments in their are all spent, the fight goes on Grenvilles, our Blakes and Nel- maintained that the sea was in the world. shaped anew that hardy metal of apen parliaments, and they had still more fiercely with battle-axe T sons, our Livingstones and Scotts. the mother of life, and Great Far back, in the dim dawn of the north. the spirit which would uphold and sword. The metal may be tempered to Britain has drawn some of its history, we find the Celts in truth. finer issues, but it has in it still noblest national life from the ancient Britain. Then came our The Anglo-Saxon we may look We see them grip hands, as the true Norse ring. sea. Roman invaders. Next the so- upon as the mother-principle of An Englishman for the first Thor gripped his hammer, "till That mother-sea has nursed up called Saxon element is infused, our race, but the Norsemen time reading old Snorre Sturla- the knuckles grew white." We ityo heroic manhood many of the and gradually the Anglo-Saxon brought the fire and expanding son's "Sagas of the Sea-Kings" hear Gittorm tell King Olaf that - best and bravest spirits whose race is formed. Anglo-Saxon is force, the advancing foot ana Ifeels very like one who, in the it is right royal work to fulfil "Self-government is not a i names may be found written for the name we often pride our- driving fist of the father. The faint dawn of his life, was taken royal words, and we are told that schoolchild's prize for good con- fever upon the map of the world. selves upon, especially when we Saxons' was the home-loving, pat- Olaf "hated lies like hell." We duct—it is a human passion that : She has quickened and kindled look abroad and see how it riotic soul, but it was the Norse- see how they will stick together demands unconditional satisfac- I our young blood with the virtue spreads onwards around the men who gave us the spirit of the and stand by one another. How tion." j of her salt savour. And in our world. But we have not yet sea-kings. they lay ship to ship in a war —George Bernard Shaw. • time of need it is always from the given full credit to the influence of the Norsemen on the Anglo- Six hundred years before the sea that the mystic arm arises, coming of Norman William, there f holding aloft thfct sword of vic- Saxon race as regards our British "A Race of Warriors as well as Builders." portion of it. landed at Ebbsfleet, in the Isle Itory entrusted to the keeping of of Thanet, three boat-loads of j the waters by Arthur the king, We hear of Norman and Saxon Norse pirates. ' when his sun went down. as two representative terms which They had been reared on a We all know that our British have come to signify the aristoc- racy and democracy of our race. bosom that heaved with storms race is a compound of many races. and the strength, calm, and cru- Undoubtedly Nature understood But the truth is, that these Nor- mans who boast to be the crown elty of the sea had passed into the art of inoculation long before their race. medicine discovered and practised and flower of our race, were a it, and she has transfused into kind of Norseman. They went At that time the empires of the our race some of the best blood, forth from their northern homes, old world had passed away, and finest virus, the newest and and subdued Normandy 160 years the old races were fast decaying,

134 The Nmry Mar, 1947 Exploring the Ocean Floor Gold, Oil and Radium may be the Reward

j THE LATE summer the sub- By T. S. DOUGLAS ions only a few miles away whic marine Tudor with Professor are unknown. In the one ca. rB. C. Browne and other scientists it is lack of pressure that is t' up to the present has been ex- made a remarkable voyage of plored chiefly with the idea of problem, in the other excess, nearly 4,000 miles exploring the enabling ships to avoid it? The pressures, and although the typ- bed oif the Atlantic Ocean from short answer is that it is now of exploration are so complete the Bay of Biscay to the Shetland known that there is gold under different, techniques devised ' Islands. During many of its fifty the waves and that while the one may help the other. dives, the Tudor went down to gathering of scientific data that In the first instance and pro. 400 feet and came back with in- will solve many "academic" prob- ably for many years direct e valuable new information about lems is an important factor, mod- plotation will be confined to tl the Continental shelf. ern engineering techniques have comparatively shallow continent It may be taken that this ex- made it possible to consider the shelves. The great ocean "deep ploratory trip is only the first of exploitation of the great mineral in which Mount Everest could a number and in other countries wealth under the floor of the swallowed up will have to also there is considerable activity oceans. In places there may be explored by sampling. It is di' in preparation for the exploration actual gold whose exploitation cult to conceive of any div of the sea bottom in many areas. can be considered, but at the device that could withstand ^ A party of Swedish scientists plan moment it is probable that wealth pressure at these depths. But i K next year to circumnavigate the in the form of oil and strategic methods of sampling open world in the specially equipped materials in the form of radio- new possibilities. The Swei Albatross examining the ocean active ores are the chief lures. scientists will use a device caps of extracting cores over 100 t bed. Professor Auguste Piccard The 57,000,000 square miles of long which will provide imme, who, fifteen years ago, travelled dry land on the surface of the sely more valuable informant ten miles up in the air has been world has now been extensively than the "plugs" of 3 inch4 preparing a novel submarine in explored. But it is a sobering which were usual only a fe which he hopes to descend to the thought that about the roughly years ago. unprecedented depth of two miles 140,000,000 square miles of land in the Atlantic. covered by water we know almost For many years ocean fl- In the United States Otis Bar- nothing. There have been hun- samples were obtained by stri , The Barque "Pamir" leaving Sydney. dreds of thousands of soundings spring jaws which bit out a sn ton hopes next summer to make 4d charge of the United States and samples taken from the bot- mouthful of sediment. The m. y take the petroleum direct to re- artificial "islands" at suitable dives of at least one mile in a petroleum production during the tom. But these are mere pin sampler is a "gun" leaded witl fineries. spots and not only air, but coal new diving bell equipped with war has suggested there are pricks here and there when we propelling explosive. When i or ore might be moved through wheels and the U.S. Government's 22,000,000,000 barrels of oil un- The possibility that oil may be consider the extent of the oceans. touches the floor of the ocean, th< the "sea shaft." It would be a scientists are preparing for a der the sea-bed of the Gulf of found in the sea-bed off the coast How much should we know of cartridge is fired and the "bit" considerable engineering feat, but detailed survey of the vast new Mexico. This is a greater amount of Britain, although it seems un- the mountains, deserts, fields and driven deep into the rock. T not beyond the capacity of those "empire" which the U.S.A. re- ,'han the entire visible oil reserves likely that it will be in compar- forests of the earth if we had only long core is then withdrawn at. who conceived and built "Mul- cently "annexed." This was the of the U.S.A. and there are in able auantities, cannot be over- a few thousand samples to judge brought to the surface. Fror berry" and other large-scale de- continental shelf round all U.S.A. addition immense quantities of looked. Several tin and coal mines by? Even if Professor Piccard vices of the war. In fact the territory, the land under water these samples scientists have gair. oil off the coast of California. already extend under the sea and is successful in descending to 2\ suggestion is believed to be under to deptte of 600 feet. The Con- ed new knowledge of the con This in itself is sufficient to ex- with the development of new miles, the greater part of the consideration for the u idersea tinental Shelf is estimated at an centration of radio-activity plain why the U.S.A. is preparing techniques others might be open- ocean bed would still be barred coal mine at Workington on the area of 7)0,000 square miles, and great depths. a spend £20,000.000 on the ex- ed. One of the difficulties in ex- to us, for it is between 2\ and Cumberland coast. tbe U.S.A. has thus at the cost This is only one of many n' loration of the Continental tending tunnels from the land far of two proclamations added to 4 miles below the surface. weapons available to the occ: under the sea is ventilation. To elf with submarines, diving Outside the continental shelves its area by 25 per cent.—a quiet floor explorer. Modern geoph< ventilate a long tunnel effectively, It is paradoxical that at the Us, radar and other instruments exploration will remain hazardous "annexation" that has not even cal methods of prospecting the air has to.be pumped at such same moment as some men are modern research. and only the discovery of very ruffled the sea of international minerals make it possible to pressure that the friction causes looking for new worlds to con- rich gold or radio-active ores diplomacy! termine the presence of oil un damage to the walls. This diffi- quer above ^ the earth and plan- U.S. scientists suggest that in would make commercial exploit- the sea bed at considerate culty disappears if Shafts through Why all this sudden interest ning rockets to the moon, others j*he comparatively near future ation profitable. The greatest depths. Mr. Harold Ickes wh the sea connect with the tunnel in the bottom of the sea which are planning, to explore the reg- •wells will be drilledrilledd through deep depth to which a descent has been at intervals. The construction of water and the resulting oil will be made is the 3,028 feet record set these shafts would mean making 136 The Navy fed direct into tankers which will up by Dr. William Beebe in 1934.

Mmy, 1947

PAGES GLUED TOGETHER In contrast to Dr. Beebe's "bathy- Apart from exploration of the plastics to roofing felt and ice- sphere," Mr. Otis Barton's "ben- ocean bed these, and other de- cream powder to rubber substitute Non-magnetic tnascope" will be able to move vices which we shall no doubt have already been manufactured about on its wheels, towed by a see in the next few years, should from seaweed. Alginic acid made Remarkable Features of cable from a ship on the surface provide valuable data and experi- from seaweed is closely allied to the "Research" Professor Piccard's submarine is ence in the construction of naval cellulose, and synthetic textiles also intended to travel along the submarines capable of remaining have successfully been made from By FRANCIS McMURTRIE ocean bed, but it will be "free" at much greater depths than have it. The problem is to obtain the NE OF THE most remarkable vessels aQfl propelled by two screws driv- hitherto been usual. The devel- seaweed easily in sufficiently large ever constructed will go into com- en by batteries. opment of atomic weapons has quantities and this may be solved O made this of great importance. by "planting" it at suitable places mission shortly. This is the Royal Re- These batteries which will also The invention of remotely oper- and harvesting it with boats. A search ship Research, which has been speci- provide current for the power- ated tools may also enable this simple under-water harvester with ally designed and built at a cost of over ful lights required at great depths device to be employed on salvage knives and "rakes" on an endless £200,000 for the investigation of mag- where no sunlight penetrates will operations at depths hitherto con- chain has already been used in the netic and atmospheric electrical problems. be fixed on the outside of the sidered impracticable. United States. The ship's hull is of teak, with non- submarine so that they can be ferrous metal fastenings. The spars are Apart from oil, gold, radio- The possibilities of this new dropped for easier surfacing in of pine, the anchors, cables and rigging active ores and similar minerals under-water world whose serious of aluminium bronze. She has a emergency. Professor Piccard which may be taken from the exploration is just beginning are bronze propellor, copper sheath- ments carried out with different of 3,000 miles at the speed of 6} proposes to use large steel balls sea-bed, there is diatomic earth therefore immense. In the next ing and lead ballast. All the on the outside of his 14-ton sub- used for polishes, for insulation alloys, hundreds of parts were knots, apart from her sail power. two or three decades we can ex- sections required for the frame- made only to be scrapped when marine as ballast to take him and for other purposes and great pect not only the solution of work, which normally would be Although the ship was built by down. The 8-inch steel walls of wealth to be obtained from sea- they failed to meet the exacting scientific problems concerned with of steel, were supplied in non- tests imposed. One of the out- Messrs. Philip & Son Ltd., at the submarine are designed to re- weeds which may be "farmed" in earth movements, but also the magnetic naval brass by Messrs. standing features of the engine Dartmouth to the order of the sist a pressure of 12,000 lb. to the comparatively shallow waters. A -start of commercial exploitation James Booth & Co. (1915), Ltd., Admiralty, she does not belong hundred products varying from is the crank-shaft, which cost no squarfe inch. of the sea bed. of Birmingham. This contract less than 16 times the price of an to the Royal Navy—being classed involved the manufacture of some ordinary steel one. This figure as a Royal Research ship—as the of the heaviest non-ferrous sec is reflected fairly closely in the work which she is undertaking NAVAL EMPIRE AIR ACE est jungles, the most forbidding in that region. Such an inquiry tions ever produced in this coun- other parts of the engine. The will be for the benefit of all mari- Continued from Page 133 ice-packs. immediately reveals India as the try. The shapes produced includ- flywheel is of solid bronze, and time nations. In theory, the Re- ed angles, tees and channels, pire need not decline, but can If the British Empire be studied keypoint. From India to Britain, altogether there is less than 250 search would be immune from with the aid of such a map it will to Spain, to central and southern which were used for the keelson, lb. of ferrous material in the attack in the event of war, for advance with new strength. This frames, deck and other beams, can be appreciated by a glancc be found that the same red-mark - Africa, to Australia, to Japan and whole engine, the weight of though she will wear the Blue lugs, stiffeners, girders, stanchions, Ensign with the Admiralty an- at those up-to-date maps of the ed countries which were formerly to the Urals is roughly the same, which with its bedplate is about so well situated for the purposes crow's flight distance. This sub- struts and all other sections re- 370 cwt. This works out at less chor in the fly, it is intended that world that are being produced quired to build up the inner of sea transport arc to-day the continent is destined by the logic than one-half per cent., and is an she shall carry letters signed by to replace the misleading Merca- framework of the vessel. In all best situated for air transport also. of the air-age to become an out- essential requirement to avoid any all the naval Powers safeguarding tor's projection maps in popular over 100 tons of sections were That is to say, the countries of standingly important traffic centre possible interference with the var- her from interference. How far atlases. supplied. such a precaution would have Known as azimuthal, equidis- the British Empire, across the of the world. ious delicate instruments which world, provide ideal stepping- Already British aircraft feed the the Research will employ to re- availed against the unscrupulous tant projection maps, these enable enemies we have recently been stones for aircraft which require Orient with traffic from Europe Though rigged as a brigantine, cord details of compass variation distances from one point to an- fighting may well be questioned. to travel by the shortest possible and all the intervening countries and intended to navigate under in the seven seas. other on the world's surface to sail alone so far as the winds will be measured accurately in a routes in modern, azimuthal flight. between Europe and China. Cor- serve, the Research has a 160 The Research was launched in- The Empire is rich with focal responding lines from America In the auxiliary power plant straight line. Such measurements b.h.p. auxiliary Diesel engine to the waters of the Dart just six spots from which ait lines, irradi- must pass over thousands of miles are included three smaller Dies- in the past wete of scientific in- which is unique of its kind. It months before the outbreak of ating, can provide transport to of unproductive ocean and then els, which are equally non-mag- terest only. Ships, vehicles and was constructed entirely of non- war, the naming ceremony being other countries of those areas in have no India to act as focal netic. They are employed to railway trains could not proceed performed by Mrs. (now Lady) the most economical way. point when they arrive in the magnetic materials at the works drive dynamos, refrigerating as the crow flies. It was useless Spencer Jones, wife of the Ast- Orient. of Petters, Ltd., Loughborough. plant, air compressors and the to calculate that so many straight A particular example is pro- ronomer Royal. Seldom has the To devise and construct this ship's winch. Even the oil fuel miles separated Calcutta and Ran- vided by that Far Eastern area Thus a Briton need not feel launch of so small a vessel—her special engine took three years of for the engines will be stored goon when it was physically im- so much in the news at the mom- gloomy about the future of the displacement is only 770 tons— hard work by the best brains on in tanks of non-magnetic mater- possible to travel along a straight ent. Glance at the azimuthal map British Empire in a new age of aroused such widespread interest. line between the two places. But and seek the country which is transport. Sea power is still pre- the designing staff assisted by ex- ial, still another unique feature perts in the Hydrographic De- in the ship's equipment. TLcse airbraft can travel unerringly be- equidistant from the others—the eminent, but when the air-age is It is understood that the cap- partment of the Admiralty. In tanks will take 14 tons of fuel, tween point and point, even across country which is most likely to triumphant it should suit the tain oi rf>» Research will be Com- the course of numerous experi- giving the vessel a cruisi lg radius the highest Himalayas, the thick- become the hub of the air age British Empire just as well! lander D. H. Fryer, R.N. (re-

13* The Nmry Mmy, 1947 139 EX-MVAL MEN'S died), a hydrographic expert of —=— NAVY QUIZ ======wide experience. Before the war Answers on Page 148 he was in charge of the South of 1. The last lot of destroyers presented by the Royal Navy were Association of Australia England survey, and he has also named Nestor, Nizam, Napier, Quiberon ajd Quickmatch. commanded H.M.S. Fitzroy and Whence these names and why? Palron-in-Chief Hit Majesty The King H.M.S. Ormonde on surveying 2. William Penn's father was (a) a chemist, (b) a lawyer, (c) service. During the war he was an Admiral, (d) parson. The ex-Naval Men's Associ- the next of kin on the deach of be Mr. R. Humphry, Hon. State employed on special duties in the 3. A navicert is (a) battle manoeuvre, (b) skilled navigator, ation was founded at Melbourne a Member. Secretary, 77 Pitt Street, Sydney; Eastern Mediterranean. (c) boat-shaped bone, (d) certificate of approval for ship's in 1920 and the New South Wales The Association administers or Box 3082 G.P.O. Sydney. Commander Fryer, his officers Section in April, 1925, and it is the King George Fund for Sailors, cargo. The Association has a close and men will be strictly enjoined 4. Sea Vampire, Sea Hornet, Sea Fury and Sea Fang. What are the only Association in Australia from which assistance is given to liaison with all the other ex-Ser- not to bring with them any fer- they and what can they do? that attends exclusively to the ex-Royal Navy Personnel domi- vicc organisations and Govern- rous materials, such as scissors, 5. The two Australian-built tribal class destroyers of the wants of ex-Naval Men and ciled in Australia. ment Departments, and we have razors or penknives. It would R.A.N. are Arunta and Warramunga. Supposing some Women. We have our own Hon. Legal the honour to have the official seem likely, therefore, that beards more were built, what would be good names for them? The Membership of the Associ- Adviser, and Hon. Architect and recognition of the British Admir- will be prevalent on board. 6. What do you know about prize money? ation is restricted to Personnel, advice is freely given whenever alty. 7. Who is last in and first out of a boat? Men and Women, who have required. We ask for the co-operation It is expected that the Research 8. What privileges attach to naval officers who have rounded served at least twelve months in The business of the Association of all employers of labour in our will start her investigations in the the Cape of Good Hope or Cape Horn? the Royal Navy, Royal Australian is conducted by an Executive and efforts to place ex-Naval men and southern part of the Indian Ocean, Navy, Dominion Naviss, and the 9. What is the main Saturday night's toast in the wardroom? Committee, who are elected by women in employment, and our an area that is particularly fruitful Royal Marines; special provision the Members and all officers of aim will be to place them in the 10. A naval man is either "in" or "on" his ship—which? in magnetic variations. Since being made for tho;e who due the Association arc Honorary and jobs for which they are suited, 1939 she has been laid up in port, to war injuries, sen ed less than are ever ready to give assistance and we claim that whatever so it may be some little time be- twelve months. and advice to all ex-Naval Men the job is there will be an ex- fore she is ready for sea. The Association is Non-Politi- and Women. Naval man or woman capable of Formerly this branch of re- cal, Non-Sectarian and does not At our Interstate Conference doing it—their training in the Navy ensures that. search was undertaken by the Car- take part in industrial disputes. held at Perth in January of this negie Institute of Washington, The motto of the Association year, our Constitution was alter- The Association has branches using a wooden yacht that had is "Each for All, and All for ed to enable us to extend our in all States of the Common- been adapted for the purpose and Each". activities, and Sections were given wealth, and in New South Wales renamed Carnegie; this vessel was The principal objects of the the power to form sub-Sections we have a monthly meeting in destroyed by fire at Samoa in Association are:— in any part of their State, and the Sydney, also a monthly dance; New South Wales Section ask all 1929. 1. To unite ex-Naval Person- and a monthly meeting in New- nel for their mutual bene- Members and all ex-Naval Per- castle, where you can come along fit. sonnel, who are interested in the and meet old shipmates and spin 2. To provide for the enter- well being of their old Ship- a yarn and 'splice the mainbrace'. tainment of visiting Naval mates, to get busy in their various We extend an invitation to all Personnel. districts and create an interest in ex-Naval men and women to at- our work and do your best to tend our various functions, and Lieutenant-Commander I. H. 3. For the encouragement of let the general public know what you will be welcome at our meet- McDonald, R.A.N., has taken up the Social, intellectual and general advancement of ex- the Navy has done in the past ings, and we will be only too his duties as Assistant Director of Naval Men and Women. and keep their deeds alive by pleased to give you any inform- Naval Communications at Navy forming a sub-Section of the ex- 4. To endeavour to assist Mem- ation about the Association that Office, Melbourne. Naval Men's Association in your bers in distress and to ob- you may desire. district. Lieut. - Commander McDonald tain employment. Our Annual Memorial Service "passed out" (torn the Royal 5. To provide Club Rooms for Each sub-Section will have local for all Naval personnel who made Australian Naval College at the Members. autonomy, but will be under the the supreme sacrifice 1914-1918 end of 1933, when he was awarded 6. To print, publish and cir- jurisdiction of the State Council, and 1939-1945 will be held on the King's Medal for his good culate books, magazines, and upon which they will be repre- Sunday, June 8th, 1947 at St. influence among the Cadet Mid- Vice-Commodore Mr. Peter Luke (right) with the owner of Cristina, papers as may be conducive sented. Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney, at shipmen during his period of Mr. J. R. Bull, inspecting the bronze plaque commemorating his to our Aims and Objects. For further information on this 11 a.m. An invitation is extended training. yacht's win in die Sydney-Hobart race. The presentation was part of The Entrance fee is 7/6 and matter contact your State Secre- to all serving personnel and all an unusual ceremony in Sydney on April 24th, in which representatives subscription 14/- per year, 6/- of tary as early as possible, and you ex-Naval men and women to be He has recently returned from of the Royal Ocean Racing Club (England) exchanged greetings by which is paid into a Trust Fund will get every assistance. Your present at the service. The ser- England after service with the radiophone with die Cruising Yacht dub (Australia). TattenalTs from which grants are made to contact in New South Wales will vice will be preceded by a short Royal Navy on the staff at H.M. Cup, the winner's trophy, is the ooe in the glass case. Signal School, Leydtne. May, 1947 141 The Navy 140 ceremony at the Cenotaph, and Naval Appointments Etc. FOR TEARS the laying of wreaths. A Few Merchant Navy Facts PERMANENT NAVAL FORCES OF THE COMMONWEALTH You are asked to assemble at Sea-going Forces the the corner of Martin Place and • Fishing vessels and ships of the merchant navy shot down 141 Elizabeth Street at 10 a.m. on enemy aircraft from April 12, 1940 to the end of July 1944; in the Appointments.—Frederick William Purves (ex Acting Temporary Sunday, June 8th, 1947, for the same period they shared with the ships of the Royal Navy the shooting Engineer Lieutenant-Commander, Royal Australian Naval Reserve MERCANTILE MUTUAL (Sea-goine) is appointed Lieutenant-Commander (E), with seniority march to the Cenotaph and then own of a further 163- Insurance Coy. Ltd. in rank of 15th March, 1944, dated 1st August, 1946. Cecil St. Clere on to the Cathedral. "We will • The tanker "British Confidence" steamed 243,000 miles in the Williams, Commissioned Engineer (Emergency List), is appointed to an Australian Institution has been remember them." first four years of war. Some of the large, high-speed motor vessels the Permanent List in the rank of Commissioned Engineer, with seni- providing security for the homes We extend our thanks to the completed 300,000 miles in the same time. ority in rank of 1st October, 1945, dated 31st December, 1946. Navy League for publishing the • Another tanker, "British Fudge," steamed 20,000 miles with a hole of the people, its motto being Confirmation in Rank.—Acting Lieutenant Ronald Owen Brasch above in their magazine, and wish as large as a medium sized house in her side. is confirmed in the rank of Lieutenant, with seniority in rank of 11th them every success. • During the month of October, 1941, British merchant ships carried September, 1945, dated 4th December, 1946. Raymond Arthur Ruth- "Join the Navy and see the 23,000 military vehicles, 1,300 aircraft, 400,000 tons of military erford, Gunner (T) (Acting), is confirmed in the rank of Gunner "Service to tke Mile" world";—when you leave the and air stores and hundreds of locomotives. (T), with seniority in rank of 24th November, 1945. Navy "Join the ex-Naval Men's Under the protection of Insurance • To support British armies in the Middle East in 1941, 300 ships Transfer to Retired List.—Lieutenant William Lindsay Gay is Policies ships sail the oceans, land Association." wire constantly employed on the 12,000-mile voyage from Britain transferred to the Retired List, dated 10th January, 1947. and air transport move-, men work, For any further information and homes and factories are built via the Cape. Resignation.—The resignation of George Scott Stewart of his and safeguarded. Injuries are com- you may require re the Associ- • From Canadian ports, up to the middle of June, 1943, 12,000 appointment as Commander (Acting Captain) is accepted, dated 16th pensated and distress relieved. ation please apply to. ships had carried over 77 million tons of cargo to Britain. January, 1947. Insurance is a contract of Yours sincerely, • Amillion tons of stores and half-a-million men were landed in Emergency List good faith. GEO. B. DARLING. North Africa in the first four months of the Tunisian campaign. Promotions.—Lieutenant (A ting Lieutenant-Commander) Sam- uel Stuart James, M.B.E., is promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-Com- • For each army division 1,000 miles overseas, approximately 100,000 State President. mander and re-appointed for temporary service, dated 5th February, Our funds are used to assist in tha tons of shipping a year were required to transport men, arms, development of the Country and R. HUMPHRY, 1947. equipment and stores, and to keep it supplied and reinforced. with our properties are held in Hon. State Secretary. Transfer to Retired List.—John Alfred Newton, Commissioned trust for the protection of our Policy These vital statitistics. chosen at random, may serve to enlighten Instructor, is transferred to the Retired List, and re-appointed for Holders. those who tend to belittle the wartime job of the mercantile marine. temporary service, dated 17th February, 1947. • That the job was fraught with danger for the men who sailed the merchant fleet is evidenced by the fact that, in five and a half years Termination of Appointments.—The appointments of Lieutenant- of war, 30,589 merchant seamen in British ships lost their lives, 4,215 Commanders Gerald Mellor Haynes, D.S.O., and Martin Hume Hop- kins for temporary service are terminated, dated 6th January, 1947, Fire, Marine, Accident. Motor Car were wounded, 690 are missing and 4,088 were interned by the enemy and 16th January, 1947, respectively. after capture. and. Mr. Winston Churchill said, in February, 1944, that the proportion Retired List Householders', House-Owners of merchant seamen hailing from the British Isles alone who had been Termination of Appointments.—The appointment of Commander (Combined) Insurance Trevor Bardley-Wilmot, D.S.O., for temporary service is terminated, lost at sea on their vital duty was about one-fifth of the average Crops, Stacks, Fencing, Fluvius dated 3rd January, 194?. The appointment of Lieutenant Frederick number engaged in the service. The percentage of lives lost to mem- George Lowrie for temporary service is terminated, dated 18th De- All Classes of Agricultural bers serving in the merchant navy was higher than in any other cember, 1946. Insurance service. • CITIZEN NAVAL FORCES OF THE COMMONWEALTH Royal Australian Naval Reserve (Sea-Going)

Fixing Rates of Pay.—Temporary Lieutenant-Commander (S) Head Office: Raymond Thomas Bennetts and Acting Temporary Lieutenant- MUTUAL LIFE & CITIZENS' ASSURANCE Commander (S) Frank Lindsay Brady are paid the rates of 117 Pin STREET. SYDNEY pay and allowances prescribed in the Naval Financial Regulations for CO. LTD. Commander (S) (on promotion), whilst acting in that rank, dated SELWYN KING, Managing Director. 10th January, 1947. CASTLEREAGH STREET end MARTIN PLACE Transfer to Retired List.—Commander Frederick Keith Baxter is transferred to the Retired List, dated 6th October, 1946. Acting Agencies in all Suburban and Country SYDNEY Lieutenant-Commander James Gordon Stewart Fyfe is transferred to Centres throughout the Commonwealth • where all classes of Insurance can b» the Retired List, dated 21st October, 1946. arranged by any of the Company's 4000 THE M.LC. FOR YOUR LIFE ASSURANCE Royal Australian Naval Reserve Agents trained to giv« Promotions.—Sub-Lieutenant Alexander Joseph Lyons is pro- MX.C. moted to the rank of Lieutenant (Provisional), dated 25th January, "Service to the Public"

Ma?, 194 7 143 MS The Havy 1947. Sub-Lieutenant William Henry Raper is promoted to the rank of Acting Lieutenant (provisional), dated 7th October, 1946. Acting ROYAL AUSTRALIAN NAVY Sub-Lieutenant, dated 25th December, 1946. METAL Sub-Branch, R.SS. & A.I.L.A. Royal Australian Naval Volunteer Reserve MANUFACTURERS By H. E. NEAL Promotions.—Sub-Lieutenant (A) Keith Elwood Clarkson, D.F.M. LTD. Federal Executive, "That a plebi- is promoted to the rank of Lieutenant (A), dated 21st May, 1946. Patron: Cdr. H. T. Bennett, scite of all Sub-Branches in Aust- Port Kembla, N.S.W. Engineer Sub-Lieutenant Peter Stuart Parkin is promoted to the rank D.S.O., R.N. (Retd.). President: ralia be held, regarding the widen- of Engineer Lieutenant, dated 1st January, 1947. Makers of: F. B. O'Leary. Sen. Vice-President: ing of the eligibility of member- Confirmation in rank.—Sub-Lieutenant (A) (on probation) Keith Non-Ferrous Wir« and Str.nd.d K. R. McRoberts. Vice-Presi- ship of the R.S.S. & A.I.L.A." Conductors, Tub«, Telephone dents: E. J. Evans, W. F. Taylor. Elwood Claskson, D.F.M., is confirmed in the rank of Sub-Lieutenant The Sub-Branch Rifle Club is Cables, Braided Wire and Cablet. Hon. Secretary: H. E. Neal. Asst. (A), with seniority in rank of 21st May, 1944. etc. well on its way; rifles having been Hon. Secretary: J. Chidley. Hon. Termination of Appointment.—The appointment of Lieutenant • purchased, and the first match Treasurer: K. Bennett. Welfare Arthur John Northcote Gwynn is terminated on reversion to the arranged at Anzac Rifle Range, Officer: W. J. Hefferman. Pen- Royal Navy, dated 27th July, 1944. SELLING AGENTS world. Secondly, the decision was in the near future. sions & Rehabilitation Officer: A. Royal Australian Naval Volunteer Reserve (with Distributor* in all States] also made to form a R.A.N. Sub- Wire, Cables, etc. A. S. Piatt. Publicity Officer: A. Branch "Women's Auxiliary". The Sports Committee, who Special Branch J. H. Jewell. Social Secretary: B. This is a matter long delayed, but have done a grand job during BRITISH INSULATED CABLES Keates. Sports Secretary: G. F. the cricket season, had their last Promotion.—Sub-Lieutenant Robert Bryan Butler is promoted LTD. with a membership of over 600, to the rank of Lieutenant (Provisional), dated 3rd January, 1947. Nolan. there are excellent possibilities match of the season against Wor- >4-88 William St., Melb. onora River Sub-Branch at Prince Royal Australian Naval Nursing Service Kembla Bldg., Sydney. and opportunities for the ladies Tubes and Brass Wire to take an interest in an organ- Edward Park, Woronora River, Appointments.—The following are appointed Sisters:—Githa The usual monthly meeting of isation in which their men folk on Sunday, April 13th. A grand KNOX SCHLAPP t CO. the Sub-Branch was held in the King, 20th December, 1946; Edna Doreen Plueckhahn, 21st December, are concerned. The inaugural time was had by all those present Collins House. Melb. I.O.O.F. Building, 100 Clarence 1946; Margaret Hannah Saunders, 30th December, 1946; Norma Rome meeting of the Women's Auxil- (even though the weather was Kemble Bldq.. Sydney. Street, City, on Tuesday, April Treatt, 30th December, 1946; Joyce Leatham, 2nd January, 1947; iary was held on Wednesday after- not at its best) and everyone will 8th. Due possibly to the Easter Joan Isabel Mclllree, 2nd January, 1947; Joan Alford Conquest, 4th noon, April 16th, when the fol- be looking forward to next season, holidays, the attendance was much January, 1947; Mary Rosa Mackenzie, 4th January, 1947. lowing officers were elected:— when a big programme of sport- lower than usual. New members President: Mrs. E. J. Evans. Vice- ing fixtures is to be arranged. enrolled in the Sub-Branch for Presidents: Mrs. W. C. Miller, the month totalled 15, including Mrs. M. Flattery. Hon. Secretary: The application for the entry 6 transfers from other Sub-Bran- Mrs. F. B. O'Leary. Hon. Treas- of an R.A.N. Sub-Branch Football ches. These new members present AARONS PITTWATER urer: Mrs. J. Mullens. Club into the R.S.L. Football F. W. HUGHES were suitably welcomed by the MARINE League has been accepted, and EXCHANGE President, Mr. F. B. O'Leary, who night training will commence bi- PTY. LTD. The Sub-Btanch wish the ladies HOTEL SERVICE emphasised the work ahead for every success, and promise their weekly right away. The first all members, necessitating their solid support in all their endeav- match is to be played against WOOLLEN MILLS STATION taking active interest in Sub- I GRESHAM STREET ours. Wives, Mothers, Daugh- Paddington-Woollahra, on Sun- • Branch affairs and the League ters or Sisters of serving or dis- day, April 27th. Any member SYDNEY generally. charged Sailors, Soldiers or Air- desirous of playing for R.A.N. men are eligible for membership Sub-Branch, is asked to contact • CHURCH POINT Two important decisions have of the Women's Auxiliary. The the Sports Secretary, Mr. G. F. PITTWATER been made by the Sub-Branch Botany membership fee is 2/6 per year Nolan, B 6528 as soon as pos- Marina Engineers. during the past month; Firstly, sible. ^ and Only the Bast Brands (plus cost of badge), so any the R.A.N. Sub-Branch has de- ladies who are desirous of joining Stocked. Slipping, Aleiandria cided to adopt the magazine the Auxiliary, are asked to con- On the social side of the Sub- Painting, Dining Room "THE NAVY", as its official or- tact the Hon. Secretary, Mrs. F. Branch, the "Annual Smoko", • gan. The Sub-Branch is grateful held on March 14th was an un- Unsurpassed. Moorings, B. O'Leary, 250 Old South Head to those persons connected with qualified success, both socially etc. Rd., Watsons Bay. "THE NAVY" for affording the and financially. The Executive Sub-Branch the opportunity of The question of widening the are experiencing great difficulty 30 6ROSVENOR STREET • availing itself of the publicity to eligibility of membership of the in obtaining a hall in which to SYDNEY AARONS For all enquiries, 'phone be gained per the medium of an R.S.L., to include those who vol- hold, another "Smoko" in the EXCHANGE article in the magazine each unteered for service in the Armed not too distant future; but as soon as facilities are available, an Telephone: B 7224 HOTEL XW 9007 month. R.A.N. Sub-Branch ex- Forces, but did not leave Aust- presses the wish that "THE ralia, will be put to the vote at announcement will be made NAVY" will expand and rise to the May Meeting. This is in through this magazine regarding iU greater heights in the advertising furtherance to a resolution to the the date and venue. Unfortun- at The Na Canld. foot of pmgt 147 144 Mar, 1947 14S economy to allow the squadron to carry out full-scale manoeu- vres or battle practice. Short Biographical Sketch of our His "house of heart's desire," writes Evans (now, of course Lord o New Editor Mountevans), was that provided "Autobiography of Admiral Lord Mountevans."—Hutchinsons. in Sydney by his. friend Mr. PRODUCTS i GEORGE HF.RMON GILL: Born, London, England, 1895. Philip Bushell, and he holds up "Evans of the Broke" has writ- Educated in London and Scarborough, Yorks. Went to sea as pride of the Mediterranean Squad- to British admiration the work ten his autobiography with the ron of 1898, he writes:— an apprentice with the Aberdeen White Star Line (Messrs. of the Australian Ex-Naval Men's PTY. LTD. same forthright gusto, "take it "In the whole history of the X George Thompson and Co.) in 1910. Served at sea as an officer Association. or leave it, that's how I like it" world I did not believe such a in the Aberdeen Line throughout the 1914-1918 war, trooping ' attitude as he has to life. It is He urged at that time more 426-436 Burnley St. ship existed, but I plead privilege frequent visits by Australian war- to Australia, in the Mediterranean, and in North Atlantic con- a boy's adventure story come true, to change my opinion, and say ships to the Pacific islands, con- BURNLEY voys. (General Service Medal and Merchant Service Medal, with that hard-fisted, tough, fine- that even the Hawke was sur- seaman blending humour with fident, as proved to be the case, 1914-1918 war.) Holder of Master Mariner's Certificate, Foreign- passed by the flagship Australia VICTORIA bluster, telling how he rose from that the more the fleet knew of going Steamships. In 1922 resigned from the Aberdeen Line in during Captain Peter Chalmers's the islands the more useful it an unwilling inmate of a "school command time. . . ." order to settle in Australia. Served with the Australian Govern- for difficult boys" to admiral, would be when war came. But His command of the Austral- ment Line of Steamers (later the Aberdeen and Commonwealth Antarctic explorer, and comman- in those days such urging fell ian Squadron in 1929-31, when der of the last warship of the largely upon deaf economy-stuffed Specialised Line) on the shore staff in Melbourne until 1929, when resigned he hoisted his Aag in the Australia, Royal Navy to signal "stand by to ears. to take up journalism and to make a trip to England. On return were, he declares, among the hap- Manufacturers repel boarders ' with cutlasses and He contends that Jervis Bay is to Australia was a free-lance journalist until 1933, when joined piest years of his life. He com- in all types of .hot cocoa. . . . not an ideal anchorage for war- the staff of Argus and Australasian Ltd., Melbourne. Remained ments tartly, en passant, on the ships despite its beauty, preferring Petrol, Oil and other He steers across literary shoals parsimoniousness of the Austral- with them—with the exception of the war years, 1939-45— "by guess and by God," brushes for naval training the harbour- Storage and Dispensing ian Navy Board of the time, ages around Hobart. —H.L. resigning from the editorial position on "The Australasian" in off a tendency to triteness with Equipment. which refused for reasons of false (From London) March, 1946, in order to take up work as Official Naval His- a swift turn to sincerity star- board, and forcing one to finish torian. Joined the R.A.N.V.R. as Lieutenant in 1927. Served his log with a heartfelt, "Here "Darwin Drama," by Owen Griffiths.—Bloxham and Chambers, Sydney with the R.A.N, as Lieutenant-Commander throughout the 1939- is a man!" R. GRIFFITHS was in Darwin in its history-making days, from 45 war. During that period was overseas on various occasions, Few men of our time have had M before the first Japanese raid on February 19, 1942. and edited the four volumes of the "H.M.A.S." series; also the a more adventurous life than Principally his service was with the R.A.N, in the Platypus, the JA 5251 author of numerous short stories, articles, and verses. In colla- "Evans of the Broke"—adven- mother-ship for the Australian Navy in those waters. She was a sea- JA 5252 boration with Mr. Frederick Howard, author of "The Emigrant" tures which brought him fame if going ship with a breezy boatswain, he says, and a rollicking ship's not fortune. Physical fitness of company of salty seamen. So his narrative combines jaunty, salty anec- and other novels, won the Commonwealth Prize for the best the "catch 'em young and treat dotes with brisk and detailed history. Australian Film Script with a film adaptation of "The Emigrant." 'em rough" school has remained In turn he grins at the discomfiture of fat personnel trying to Telegrams: Appointed by the Commonwealth Government as writer of the Evans' slogan. And he needed jump in. a hurry into a slit trench, tells a few outmoded jokes about two Naval Volumes of the Australian Official History of the it to brave the Antarctic snows! American slang, smiles wryly as he sees his fellow-officers go "troppo," Eppcol, Melbourne 1939-45 war. Decorations: M.B.E. and Reserve Officers' He has a deep affection for the pays serious tribute to the heroism of the Kittyhawk pilots, and details Decoration. Royal Australian Navy, which he the fate of every one of the craft who were targets for that first mass once commanded. bombing raid. It makes an artless little string of memories, but Recalling his first ship as a quite readable.—L.V.K. midshipman, H.M.S. Hawke, —Courtesy S.M. Herald.

R.A.N. SUB-BRANCH tions held for the benefit of Sub- Branch, Box 4556 G.P.O., Sydney, AEON ... Washable Water Paste Paint Contd. from pmge 145 Branch members. who will forward all information, In White and a Full Range of Pastel Shades Any serving or discharged nomination forms etc. immedi- ately the "House" nights have member of the R.A.N., R.N. or 1 ately. Brushes out lilce a flat ename® Unique in spreading and covering. \A/eather resisting. had to be discontinued, due to Dominion Navies, with the nec- The next General Meetings of Invaluable for walls, light wells and general decorative work. the lack of support from the Sub- essary service qualifications for the Sub-Branch will be held in Colour samples and information from the manufacturers: Branch members. It is hoped membership of the R.S.S. & the I.O.O.F. Building, 100 Clar- that the Women's Auxiliary will A.I.L.A., and desirous of joining ence Street, (Between King Ic CHARLES ATKINS * SONS PTY. LTD. infuse some well deserved inter- the premier Naval Sub-Branch ir. Barrack Sts.) CITY, on Tuesday, 1-19 CLARENDON STREET, SOUTH MELBOURNE, S.C.4 est into their men folk, to attend Australia, is asked to write the May 13th, and June 10th, at 8 and support these and other func- Hon. Secretary, R.A.N. Sub- Adelaide: Harris. Scarfe Pty. Ltd.Brisbane: Leonard Spence Pty. Ltd. p.m. Sharp. Mmy, 194 7 147 Bfav; 146 ANSWERS TO NAVY QUIZ 1. Nestor, King of Pylos, in Greece; .he oldest and most ex- S. HOFFNUNG D U C O N perienced of the chieftains who went to the Siege of Troy. Nizam, after the ruler of Hyderabad, in India. Napier, * CO. LTD. CONDENSERS after Field-Marshal Lord Napier of Magdala, of Indian The Naval Officers' Club • Mutiny fame and conqueror of Magdala in the Abyssinian On all Australian ships of campaign of 1868. Quiberon, name of a bay near Lorient, war Ducon Condensers in France, scene of Admiral Hawke's great victory over the (N.S.W.) CLARENCE STREET French Admiral Conflans in 1759, thus defeating a pro- will ba found giving ex- PATRON SYDNEY cellent service in all jected invasion of Great Britain. Quickmatch, a match made Rear Admiral Geo. D. Moore, C.B.E., R.A.N., radarv and transmitting of threads of cotton and steeped in various inflammable Flag Officer in Charge and Admiral Superintendent, Sydney. equipment. substances so as to burn a yard in thirteen seconds, used to PRESIDENT fire the old-time matchlock, a very early variety of musket. • Ducon Condensers are of Commander R. A. Denovan, M.B.E., V.D., R.A.N.V.R. WHO sound workmanship — as 2. William Penn, founder of Pennsylvania, father was an Ad- EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Comdr. S. Darling, D.S.C.", V.D, R.A.N.V.R. Australian as the crews. miral. WISH Comdr. N. J. Cunningham, M.B.E., V.D., R.A.N.V.R. (S) • 3. A wartime certificate of approval for ship's cargo. Lieut. Comdr. J. N. Collins, R.D., R.A.N.V.R. (S). THE 4. Newest types of seaplanes for the Navy. They operate Lieut. J. F. Stewart, R.A.N.R. NAVY from carriers and can do 450 to 460 m.p.h. The Sea HON. TREASURER Ducon Condenser Hornet is the first twin-engined single-seater fighter to go Lieut. H. O. C. Farr, R.A.N.V.R. LEAGUE Ltd. into the naval service. HON. SECRETARY 5. Kalkadoon, Kamilaroj, Koombukkaburra, Pitta Pitta, Wir- S/Lieur. (Sk.) R. H. Goddard, N.A.P., R.A.N.V.R. EVERY WATERLOO radhuri, Murrawarri, Jagara, Gungdunggurra, Ringaringa- Box 1. P.O., SUCCESS roo, to mention but a few. All quite euphonious when you Edgecliff, Australia N.S.W. • get your tongue properly wrapped round them. Excerpts from the . . . Club Premises.—Your Com- 6. Prize money in the time of the Commonwealth was given mittee has fully investigated every at the rate of 10s. per ton and £6/13/4 per gun of ship First Annual Report which was avenue to obtain suitable prem- captured; £10 per gun of ship sunk. Prize money is now presented to members at the An- ises, but owing to the shortage divided between the whole fleet instead of going to the nual General Meeting held in the of accommodation everywhere the ship making the capture. There is also prize bounty based Wardroom aboard H.M.A.S. matter has been deferred for the on the complement of any enemy armed ship taken or sunk. Rushcutter on March 20th. time being. To establish prem- Time lor a 7. The senior officer present. Reserve.—For, the benefit of ises fitting to house a Naval Offi- cers' Club, would require at least 8. Naval officers who have rounded either cape may put one those members who were unable £10,000 capital. Your Committee foot on the wardroom table when toasting; both capes to attend at our Re-union on the felt that the response was not carry the right to put both feet. 30th July last, Captain Newcomb, forthcoming from Members. 9. Sweethearts and wives—to which somebody generally adds: R.N., gave an outline of Naval CAPSTAN may they never meet. Board's policy in regard to the It was therefore expressed in 10. "In"—never "on". The merchant service is usually not so Interim Reserve Force. General Meeting on 30th July, particular. Demobilised Officers are eli- 1946, that for the time being the gible for enrolment irrespective Club should continue until cir- of place of residence, but they cumstances permit of further en- will be required to report their quiry. TRY . . . address annually during the LOY BROS. month of February to the Direc- Although the future is now tor of Naval Reserves and Naval assured, the movement will not Tke future of ctoam for marina purposes for grow without the co-operatiun of it mat by tho latest Babcock develop- Reserve Mobilisation, Navy Office, all members and a drive for ;ur- ments, which, in turn, ere b.ci.d by Melbourne. ovor SO yoari' Ma experience. At I.I FINEST LEMONADE ther members among the 1,700 et on Una, time has proved the service PURE AERATED WATERS When the peace-time comple- officers, who have been discharged of lebcock BoiUr Plant. ment of R.A.N.R. (S) and in Sydney, is requested. Brewed Hop and Ginger Beers, Dry Ginger Ala and Soda Water. Also R.A.N.R. are promulgated, con- IAIC0CK k WILCOX tost Malt Vinegar. Wo Deliver Direct to Your Door. sideration will be given for re- Your Committee wishes to ex- CAPSTAN: THE EMPIRE'S Lev Bros. Pty. Ltd. appointment, subject to the quali- press thanks to Captain H. B. FAVOURITE CIGARETTE 255-257 STAWELL ST.. BURNLEY, VICTORIA fications under the relevant Regu- Newcomb, R.N. and the Officers lations governing the Force. of H.M.A.S. Rushcutter for as-

14S The HTai Mar. 1947 149 the attention of members to an ance as at Trafalgar; paved the sistance from their staff and for Trafalgar Day.—Owing to the announcement made to two Soc- way to the establishment of the the many concessions granted rationing and catering difficulties National Maritime Museum at during the year. ieties in the current Quarterly it was not possible to hold a Re- Personal Greenwich, and the "Victory" Newsletter of the R.N.V.R. (Aux- Union Dinner on the 21st Oc- Affiliation.—On the 1st Janu- Commander J. K. Walton, Officer, 22nd Minesweeping Flo- iliary Patrol) Club. Museum at Portsmouth, and or- tober last. ary, 1947, the A/S Officers' Asso- R.A.N., assumed command of The Navy Records Society, est- ganised exhibitions of Nelson tilla. He was appointed to ciation affiliated with us and we H.M.A.S. "Shoalhaven" last H.M.A.S. "Quickmatch" in June, ablished for the purpose of prin- relics and Naval prints, etc., in Empire Day.—Will members welcome them to all our functions. month and took over the duties 1945, and took command on July ting rare or unpublished works different parts of the country. The note that our Re-iinion Dinner There is now an affiliation with annual subscription of one guinea falls this year on a Saturday and of Senior Officer of the First Fri- 20th. the R.N.V.R. Club, London, and of Naval Interest. The annual gate Flotilla, from Commander R. subscription of one guinea en- entitles members to receive the it is hoped that there will be a Members who have taken advan- Society's quarterly journal, "The record gathering. The situation Rhoades, D.S.C., R.A.N. Prior titles the members to receive one Commander Rodney Rhoades, tage of the facilities offering, say and final seating arrangements to this appointment Commander copy of each work issued by the Mariner's Mirror." D.S.C., R.A.N., was born in Syd- that they have been made very will be promulgated later. Walton was the Commanding welcome on their visits. Society for that year. Applications for membership to Officcr of H.M.A.S. "Quick- ney in 1909. Entered Royal Aust- either or both of these Societies Sailing Sub-Committee.—Out- The Society of Nautical Re- match". ralian Naval College as Cadet Amalgamation has been effected should be made to Commander ings have been arranged for mem- Midshipman in 1923. Attained search, founded to encourage re- between the R.N.V.R. Club and Harry Vandervell, C.B.E., bers during the year. On 27th rank of Commander in June, 1944. search into nautical antiquities, the Auxiliary Patrol Club, making R.N.V.R. (Ret.), 15 Wedder- January last the Naval Officers' Commander James Kenneth He was awarded the Distinguished into matters relating to seafaring up a total membership of 10,560 burn Road, London, N.W. 3. Association entered two whalers Walton, of Perth, Western Aust- Service Cross in December, 1941 and shipbuilding in all ages and members. To keep the spirit alive in the Anniversary Regatta. ralia, entered the Royal Austral- for good services in the Medit- among all nations, into the lan- Activities.—During the year in all sections of the Naval Ser- ian Naval College in 1919, and erranean, having taken part in guage and customs of the sea, and members attended Church Ser- Representations have been made vices it is hoped that some sort after the usual promotions became the evacuation of Greece and into other subjects of nautical in- vice aboard H.M A.S. Rushcutter: to Royal Naval Sailing Associ- of affiliation can be effected with a Commander in June, 1941. Crete and also in the Tobruk terest. Among other achieve- four re-unions were held and a ation to form a Branch Secretar- similar organisations to our own Ferry Run, during which oper- ments, the Society raised £107,000 very successful dance was organ- iat in Sydney, and this body has Was mentioned in Despatches throughout the Empire. ations he commanded the Aust- to save Nelson's Flagship, and has ised by the Entertainment Sub- presented a trophy to be com- for his work in "Hobart" in the ralian destroyer H.M.A.S. "Ven- Publications.—I should like to superintended the restoration of Committee aboard H.M.A.S. Rush- peted for annually. Java Sea convoys. Wears the detta". He also was in command cutter. take this opportunity of drawing H.M.S. "Victory" to her appear- Don't forget! Our Re-union Palestine General Service Medal. of H.M.A.S. "Quickmatch" from Dinner is on Saturday, May 24th. Was serving in H.M.A.S. "Perth" September, 1942 until March, when war broke out, and in June, 1944. 1940 was appointed to H.M.A.S. 9 "Canberra", in which ship he 'The Navv served until July, 1941. He was H.M.A.S. "SHOALHAVEN" in H.M.A.S. "Hobart" from Sep- tember, 1941 until August, 194}. This Frigate was built at Mary- is Your Guide borough by Walkers Ltd., Queens- In November, 1944, he was land and was the 11th River to Naval Affairs appointed to H.M.A.S. "Gerald- Class Frigate built in Austtalian ton" in command, and as Staff yards.

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J. truded Brass, Architectural Bronze, Also at: and proper training in order to Muntz's Metal and Copper in tion with the idea of preparing Mort, CO.), Henley. and boys for War, it does set out bring about good results, and this Round, Square, Hexagon and 64 Eagle Street, Brisbane: "SIRIUS" DEPOT, Connell's General Engineers. Special Sections: Copper Plates to prepare him for the war of is only possible through the men Point (R. Cristofani, Act'g. Inquiries Invited. and Rolled Copper Anodes, Alum- Musgrave Cold Stores. life, hoping to make him a good who have had the experience and • inium Bronze Rods and Bars. citizen and fitted to face the every- know how to get the results with CO.). Copper, Brass. Gilding Metal. Stanley St.. South Brisbane. "CANBERRA" DEPOT, Orange • day trials which he will meet as tact and 100 per cent, efficiency Phosphor Bronze and Nickel Silver (R. Gilmour, O.C.). in Sheets and Strip. he grows older. in handling men and boys. COCKATOO ISLAND Muntz Metal and Naval Brass "BEATTY" DEPOT, Wollongong SYDNEY Condenser Plates. Sheets and The articles mentioned above "All work and no play makes (D. Lindsay, Act'g. C.O.). SHIPPING Jack a dull boy"—that is true, Sheeting. and those not mentioned will deal • and with the actual qualifications nec- therefore the Officers, Chief and Phone: WB 1941 Branch Office: essary to assist the boy and youth Petty Officers, both from the (10 linai) GENERAL AGENTS Navy, Mercantile Marine and Heard this one? 101-103 KING STREET. to become a good Sea Cadet and MELBOURNE bring credit on the League in those who have risen from boys A young Sea Cadet from general. in the Navy League Sea Cadet Sydney was being put through Corps itself, must bear this in an oral examination. During the war years I am mind and not sacrifice one for the "Supposing, my boy," laid the proud to say that all the lads officer, "a storm sprang up to other. Physical Training In- starboard--what would you do?" who joined the Royal Australian structors should be specially se- "Throw out an anchor, sir," Navy from the ranks of the Navy lected for their ability to organise was the smart reply. GLOBEX BOB LICCIARDO Sea Cadet Corps, made excellent games as well as carry out Physical "Supposing another storm progress and deserve great praise sprang up for*ard—what would BEEF EXTRACT Leading Drill. you do then?" MENZIES for the manner in which they ex- "Throw out another anchor, For appetising flavour, strength- Fruiterer celled themselves in the various By strict attention to the Train- sir." The Hotel of building nourishment and economy branches of the Navy. Although ing Syllabus laid down for the "And supposing a really tre- Distinction. • Snapper Island Training Depot Sea Cadet Corps the results should mendous storm sprang up aft— in use . . , you can't beat is not a part of the Navy League, be a Corps everyone can be proud what would you do, my boy?" GLOBEX It contains the full • Without any hesitation came strength and concentrated essence Finest quality Fruit and they must be included in the of and compete with any other the answer: "Throw out aoother That deep sense of comfort of the primest beef and it is praise for the progress and ad- Boys' organisation in the Com- anchor, sir." which you experience with Vegetables. vancement of their trainees. One monwealth. "Wait a moment. Where arc made in a second. the really good things of lite Special Rates for Guest Instructor from that training de- you Retting all these anchors Try it for soups, gravies, nourish- is always found at Menzies. from?" inquired the officer. This should be the aim of all ing beef tea. and it makes really Houses, Hospitals, and pot reached officer rank and was "Same placp you're getting all You could wish for nothing officers and ratings in the Corps delicious sandwiches . . . but considered outstanding in both your storms, sir!" more in hotel service, facil- Institutions. his rating and officer rank. He and can only be attained by a spread it thinly. ities, and really personal at- • has now gone back to Snapper strict uniform training of all • tention. . . . Menzies, Mel- Depots. "Call me a cab," said the ab- Island to give them the benefit sent-minded Professor when he bourne's best-known hotel, of his valuable experience. I men- caught sight of a figure covered gives continuously of its best. 91 Toorak Rd., S.l in gold braid and medals out- OBTAINABLE FROM ALL • tion this fact to show that the side his club. experience of Ex-Navy men can Boys between the ages of 10 "Sir!" was the answer. "Don't CHEMISTS AND STORES MELBOURNE be of great value to any organi- you realize I am not a door- Telegraphic Address: and 17 years wishing to join, sation where boys are trained, man, I am a naval officer!" I, 2, 4 and 8 oz. jars or 4 and 8 Menzotel, WIN. 5150 and although the Sea Cadet Corps should make application to Com- "That's all right," said the oz. containers. manding Officers any Saturday absent-minded one. "Call me a Melbourne is purely a volunteer organisation boat!" and the Officers and Instructors afternoon. hblWHd for TOm Navy Lutua in Australia by Burr I- Keen, ud Printed br star PrUttry Ptr. Ltd..

152 The Navy Searching for something to a

QVce $i&anv1 I - MONTHLY JUNE, 1947 The JVaiy ^ June 1947

Editor: Associate Editort cJlovelij ^JeetL . . . Lieutenant-Commander . Barry E. Keen, G. H. GILL, M.B.E., R.A.N.V.R., C/o The Navy , Royul Exchange Building, C/o Naval Historical Research Section, Bridge Street, Sydney Navy Office, Melbourne BU 5808. How Precious! Contents Editorial 161 Editor's Notes 162 Renaissance of British Shipping, By Sir Archibald Hurd 164 About Some Admirals, By Admiral Sir William James 170 Always Another Dawn,—Film based on Exploits of the R.A.N 172 Naval Personalities No. 6: Admiral Sir Louis Hamilton, K.C.B., D.S.O 175 Prominent Men in Shipping No. 1: Sir Thomas Gordon 176 Sea Affairs at Home and Abroad, By Francis McMurtrie 177 Decorated Officers and Men, No. 1 of the Series 179 What the R.A.N. is doing at Sea and Ashore 180 Naval Quiz 186 ¥ Objects of the Navy League, General Statement of Policy 187 L Ex-Naval Men's Association of Australia ; 189 Navaloddities, By Norton 191 E With the Officers of the Merchant Service 193 Make and Mend , 195 X Notable Names in Australia's Naval History. By John Bastock 196 TOOTHBRUSH R.A.N. Sub-Branch, R.S.S. & A.I.L.A. (N.S.W. Branch) : 197 Book Reviews 198 Naval Apointments, etc 200 Front Cover: Divisions aboard H.M.S. "Ocean", tvili f preserve tit em

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June, 1947 The Navy League Patron: THE BATTERY THAT SAYS H.M. The King How YOU can Head Office: "YES SIR!" Grand Buildings, quickly... Trafalgar Square, LONDON, W.C.2 • Continuously Branches: Legal Service Bureaux Great Britain" New South Wales, Economically HELP FEED Victoria, South Australia, Tas- For the purpose of giving legal advice and mania, New Zealand, Ceylon, Promptly service to present and former members of HUNGRY BRITAIN Rhodesia. the Forces and their dependants, the Affiliated Leagues: Legal Service Bureau was established in The'Navy League of Canada 1942, as part of the Commonwealth All you need to do The Navy League of South Africa Attorney-General's Department. This is ... N.S.W. Bureau is available to assist both men and women. Its address in this State is— Patron: 1. Make do with less 4th Floor, Mercantile Mutual Building His Excellency the Governor of meat and be spar- 117 PITT STREET, SYDNEY N.S.W. ing with butter. President: Telephone BW 1852 (Jnder Part II of the Re-establishment and Employ- T. H. Silk, M.I.C.E., M.I.N.A. 2. Have at least one ment Act 1945, members and ex-members of the Forces Hon. Treasurers: special meatless are entitled to preference in certain circumstances in D Arcy M. Shelley engagement for employment. They also have other day each week. C. M. C. Shannon special rights—for example, in relation to housing and Hon. Auditors: 3. Send spare cou- tenancy, and moratorium and re-establishment benefits. Robertson, Crane and Gibbons pons, post free. Hon. Secretary: The Commonwealth Attorney-General's Legal Service Cut out unused Bureau advises, without charge, on all legal matters Comdr. F. W. Hixson, O.B.E. affecting servicemen or their, dependants. Any member meat or butter Secretary: or ex-member of the Forces who believes he has not coupons, mark been given the treatment to which he is entitled, under W. W. Beale, O.B.E. the Re-establishment and Employment Act or other- them through with VICTORIA wise, is invited to place the facts of his case before a cross, and ad- (Incorporating Navy League Sea the Legal Service Bureau, either by letter or by personal calL ' dress "them, post Cadet Corps) free, to . . . Patron: H. V. EVATT, His Excellency the Governor of Wil lard Attorney-General of the British Food Relief, Victoria • • • tke power to cany on ) Commonwealth. President: Box xyz, G.P.O., Commander (S) J. D. Bates, Sydney. R.A.N.V.R. Hon. Treasurer: When ships of the Navy C. W. Lucas, Esq. "heave to" this rope FOR AIL . . . Every ounce of Meat Secretary: holds fast! BOAT & YACHT GEAR and Butter saved will L. S. Digby, Esq. SOUTH AUSTRALIA go to Britain. Patron: BROOMFIELDS LTD. His Excellency The Governor of S.A. All Quotations attended to immediately BRITAIN MUST President: Phone: M4801 Sir Charles Lucu HAVE MORE FOOD Hon. Secretary: ANCHOR BRAND BROOMFIELDS LTD., 152 SUSSEX ST. (near King St.), SYDNEY he- Reginald Walker, Esq.

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Jume, 194 7 159 ORDER CUTTING OILS YOUR L . U COPY B R NOW I C AUSTRALIA'S NATIONAL NAVAL MAGAZINE To "THE NAVY", ROYAL EXCHANGE BUILDING. BRIDGE ST., SYDNEY. Official Organ of The Nary League Council of Australia Please register my name until further notice for copies of "The Navy". A The subscription is 12/6 per 12 issues post free. I send Postal Circulating throughout II.M.'A. Ships ami Shore Establishments untl lo Note/Cheque/Money Order for. issues. N the General I'lihlie in Australia.

NAME T Price 1/- JUNE, 1947 Vol. 10—No. 6 ADDRESS ,— S "MEN AT WORK" DATE "Men al Work!" The sign is a familiar one on our lanil highways. It is not seen on the sea roads, about Aluminium### where, in any ease, fewer would have the oppor- tunity of seeing it if it were there. Henee the not in shipbuilding — No. 2 PAYKEL uncommon question. "What's the Navy doing, any- how?" The answer, for any island dweller such as each one of us in The S.S. "Del Norte," of 17,000 tons displacement, operated by Australia, lies under his nose. It is that while we, living on our abilitv the Mississippi Shipping Company, U.S.A., on the South American BROS. to export our primary products, are able to do bo, and to gel full anil run, contains 33 tons of aluminium alloy plates, structural sections plenty to eat by day and a peaceful lied to sleep in by night, the Navy is and castings in its superstructure. Aluminium alloys have also been (AUST.) PTY. used for internal decorative applications. doing its job—passively in times of peace, actively in times of war—of keeping the sea road clear for the passage of the world's most important The use of aluminium alloys not only increases the stability of the LTD. ship, but also reduces the displacement by a figure considerably vehicle, the cargiwarrying ship, anil of denying passage on that road to greater than the difference in weight between aluminium alloys and an enemy. But the inability to see what lies under one's nose is a recog- neeL nised human failing. That is why it is a principal object of the Navy- League "To spread information showing the vital importance to the British AUSTRALIAN ALUMINIUM Sydney Melbourne Commonwealth and Empire of maintaining such sea and air power as CO. fTY. LTD. Phone Phon« will ensure the permanent safety of the British Commonwealth and Em- (INCORPORATED IN THE STATE OF VICTORIA) pire, of our trade and of our supplies of food and raw materials." And all GA 5039 "jA 2104 ® who spread that information flrf, in a most vital cause, Men at ^Work. ALUMINIUM W^lffifltfy'ilM riODUCTS

G.n.r.l Offlcn tlx) Fabrication DMilon. •ramflk. N.S.W. 160 Thm Jfm The R.A.N, and the R.A.A.F. the League, a tartan rug and a •will be co-operating in the Ant- fountain pen as a testimony of the. Editor's Notes arctic Expedition at present be- high esteem in which he is held. ing planned for next summer, "THE IVAft" is published monthly. Literary communication!, photographs and with Group Captain S. A. C. The election of Officers which letters for insertion (tchich should be short) should be addressed to Lt.-Commdr. C. Campbell, R.A.A.F. as leader of H. C.ill, Editor of "THE NAVY," c/o Naval Historical Rev-arch Section, Navy Office, followed resulted as under: Melbourne, Vic. The Editor does not hold himself responsible lor manuscripts, the Expedition, and Commander though every effort will be made to return those found unsuitable with which a Karl Oom, O.B.E., R.A.N., as President, Commdr. (S) J. D. stamped and addressed envelope is enclosed. The opinions expressed in signed articles Commanding Officer of the Ex- are those of the writers and not necessarily those of the ISavy League. pedition's vessel "Wyatt Earp". Bates, R.A.N.V.R.; Vice-Presi- Each of these officers has had dents, Captain S. A. Pidgeon, PITHEAD, historic scene before: It marked the end of a cask the magnitude and value of previous experience in the Ant- R.D., R.N.R., Commdr. R. A. of many pageants of Brit- triumphal Royal Progress in which are but imperfectly under- arctic, Group Captain Campbell N e 11 1 e f o 1 d , D.S.C., V.D, ish naval might in the which, as the London "Times" stood save by those whose busi- having been Officer in Charge of past, was that of another said: ness it is to use the charts of Flying Operations of the British- R.A.N.R.; Hon. Vice-Presidents, historic occasion on Sun- whi^h the surveys are the basis. Australian Antarctic Expedition The Right Hon. R. G. Casey, day, May 11, when, to "The King carried through There has, for economy reasons, under Sir Douglas Mawson, while P.C., D.S.O. M.C., The Hon. Sir the thunder of guns firing a with flawless success a mission been neglect in this work in the Commander Oom was a member Royal salute, of the pealing notes which he alone was qualified to past; but that such was false of the "Discovery's" crew in 1930, Frank G. Clarke, K.B.E., M.L.C., undertake. It has been the King's of bugles, the booming and shrill- economy was demonstrated dur- when Sir Douglas Mawson led an Hon. T. D. Oldham, M.L.A., Ct. ing of whistles and sirens, and privilege to leave with his South ing the recent war, when surveys expedition to the South Pole. African subjects a new vivid con- Sir Thomas Nettlefold, K.B., the cheers of tens of thousands of our northern waters had often Oinimander K. E. Oom, R.A.N., ception of the meaning of the to be carried out in the face of O.B.E., Sir Harold Luxton, A. of people packing the waterfront, The object of the expedition who lias bfffl given command of monarchy. He visited every part the enemy, and when past neglect H.M.S. "Vanguard" steamed at present being planned is to the Wvatt Farp. which i- being pre- W. Coles, Esq.; Executive Com- slowly through a great concourse of the Union and played a visible might have had serious results. gain meteorological information pared for an Australian expedition mittee, Major R. A. Briggs, T. of yachts and launches, bringing part in the normal working of its The present industry is an en- in the Antarctic, and plans pro- to the Antarctic. the Roy.;l Family home to Eng- constitution". couraging sign. vide for the establishment of a B. Guest, Esq., Lt. Commdr. G. H. land from South Africa. Gill, M.B.E., V.D., R.A.N.V.R., It is fitting that the Sailoi principal meteorological station King and the Royal Family should at Macquarie Island, and of at League was held in the Board Arthur Hordern, Esq., Lt. Com- Much of the story of England least two or three subsidiary have travelled as they did in Room of the Overseas Shippirtg has been written along that strip stations at other points yet to be mander (Sp.) J. M. Hambleton, Britain's newest and greatest Taking the most generous view Representatives Association, 375 of coast facing the Channel, and decided. Collins Street, Melbourne, at 8 R.A.N.V.R., Cr. C. H. Innes, R. much of it has been directly con- battleship, for the sea and the of their motives, it is difficult ships that traverse'it remain the to understand the 0"tlook of the p.m. on May 7, 1947. When the H. Meakin, Esq., Commdr. C. R. nected with the Royal line of Growing interest in the high business arising from the Report sure shield and defence of the vociferous minority which is pro- Price, R.N. (Retd.), Lt. (S) J. England's Monarchs. Sussex saw latitudes of both hemispheres is for the year ended November 30, Mother Country and the British testing against the Mount Eba William the Conqueror land from becoming increasingly manifest. H. Paterson, M.B.E., R.A.N.R., rocket range project. There are 1946. was dealt with, the Presi- the "Mora" at Pevensey on Sep- Commonwealth, the tangible links While Australia is planning and among them those who, appar- dent, Captain S. A. Pidgeon, Capt. L. A. W. Spooner, O.B.E., tember 29, 1066. The people that bind the Empire, in peace going ahead with her Antarctic ently, consider that universal R.D., R.N.R., announced his in- R.N. (Retd.), J. A. Wallace, Esq., crowding the Kentish waterfront as in war. Expedition, the United States peace is attainable by the ap- tention of retiring from office, took up General Monk's cry of Navy Department is planning for J. White, Esq., Commdr. (S) A. proval of a motion at a meeting. and proposed the name of Com- "God save the King" and swelled operations in the North Polar Desirable as the Millenium may mander (S) J. D. Bates. J. White, R.A.N. (Emg. list); it to a mighty sound on the after- Australia was born of the sea, regions, which are regarded by appear, the parlous condition in R.A.N.V.R., as his successor. Hon. Treasurer, C. W. Lucas, noon of May 25, 1660, when and by its virtue and the hundred the Navy as a strategic area for which the Empire found itself in Commander Bates was unani- Charles the Second stepped from years of quietude of the Pax the launching of long-range Esq.; Secretary, L. S. Digby, Esq. 1939 as the result of unilateral mously elected, and took over the the Admiral's barge on to the Britannica made possible by the guided missiles. In the con- disarmament should, one would Chair of the Meeting. shingle at Dover, and the guns world-wide steadying influence of version programme for ships of The Meeting was favoured with think, have brought it home to on all the forts and ships burst the Royal Navy, grew to maturity the U.S. Navy, special Arctic ships the most ardent per.ce-lover that, the presence of Captain A. S. into flame. Devon, on November and strength in safety. The charts have a place, including a sub- In a number of speeches, in until some great change comes Rosenthal, D.S.O., R.A.N., Dir- •J, 1688—one hundred years after of her waters bear witness to her marine "Arctic picket boat", cap- which the decision of Captain over human nature generally—and ector of Naval Reserves and Re- the ships from nearby Plymouth able of travelling through ice- Pidgeon to retire was regretted, sea-faring godparents, Dampier, not just British human nature— had started the chase of the Ar- filled waters on reconnaissance, tribute was paid to the fine work serve Fleet, who expressed to the Cook, Flinders, and those others wishful thinking is not enough. mada up Channel—saw William ice-breakers, and a dock landing he had done for the League dur- Meeting the appreciation of the who blazed the trail in surveying In the meantime, if only going of Orange disembark from the her coastliDes. Today their work rship for Arctic operations. ing his seventeen years' tenure of Naval Board of the objects of •"Brill" at Torbay. on past records, it would appear office, especially that in connec- is being carried on and expanded the League, and the desire sym- that to back British human nature tion with the Sea Cadets. The by the survey ships and surveyors —which is to back ourselves— pathetically to co-operate so f«r This latest Royal landing loses of the Royal Australian Navy. first pleasurable task of the in- is the safest road towards a peace- as possible toward their attain- nothing in significance in com- Herein lies one of the great peace- The Annual Meeting of the coming President was to present ful world. to Captain Pidgeon, on behalf of parison with those that have gone time works of the Navy. It is a Victorian Branch of the Navy ment.

'162 The Nmwj June, 1947 16S than half the sea- going ships of the world, Difference between 1914 and 1939 whether steam or motor, Tonnage — or were owned in Britain at Country No. of Ships Gross Tons per cent. the beginning of this cen- Great Britain and Ireland . — 1,865 — 1,000,955 — 5.3 British Dominions 1,479,174 90.7 tury; when the Second • + 719 + + World War opened, the propor- Denmark • + 129 + 404,514 + 52.5 France 206 1,011,647 52.6 tion had fallen to just over one- • + + + quarter (26.4 per cent.); wnen Germany • + 369 652,058 12.7 that war ended in 1945 it was Greece • + 200 + 959,805 + 116.9 only 18 per cent. That decline Holland . 4. 814 + 1,497,868 + 101.8 Italy 590 139.4 was not due to a considerable • + • 1.994,329 + shrinkage of the British mercan- Japan 1,234 + 3,921,459 + 229.5 tile marine, but to the expansion Norway -L 331 + 2,876,460 + 147.0 of foreign fleets. The accompany- Spain . -j- 188 + 18,325 + 2.1 ing chart shows that British ton- Sweden • + 143 + 561,756 + 55.3 nage in 1945—the last year for United States (Sea) • + 1,232 + 6,882,984 + 339.6 which reliable figures are available United States (Lakes) 71 + 191,200 + 8.5 —was just over 5 per cent, less, Other Countries . -j. 1,100 2,959,047 85.1 in factj than in 1905, but the + + tonnage under other flags, includ- World Total 5,319 + 23,105,555 50.9 ing the flags of the Dominions, • + + increased enormously in that per- iod. The movement between the Percentage of Steam and Motor Tonnage beginning of the Four Years War owned in the world and of the Six Years War—1914 Country 1901 1914 1939 to 1959—is that reflected in the Great Britain and Ireland 50.2 41.6 26.1 figures on the next page. United States (Sea) 4.2 4.5 13.0 Japan 2.2 3.8 8.2 As Lloyd's Register of Shipping Norway .... 3.4 4.3 7.1 has recorded, the first forty years Germany 10.1 11.3 6.5 or so of the present century jvit- Italy 2.7 3.1 5.0 nessed unprecedented develop- France • .. 4.4 4.2 4.3 ment in the mercantile fleets of Holland 2.1 3.2 4.3 the world, mechanically propelled tonnage having increased from 24,009,000 tons in 1901 to 68,509,000 tons in 1939. In the tons of Dominion and foreign- great liner fleet of some 1,100 routes. The passengers and car- case of Great Britain and Ireland owned vessels operating under vessels which we possessed in goes which their ships once car- the figures rose from 12,053,000 charter, the United Kingdom 1939, about half were sunk and ried will now be transported under tons to 17,891,000 tons. The merchant fleet at 30th June, many of those which survive are other flags. What the future of changes in the balance of shipping 1945, amounted to less than still in Government service and Italy's shipping may be will not arc shown in the table. three-quarters of the pre-war will need reconversion before they be known until the terms of peace What has now happened? The fleet." are fit for their normal work. to be imposed on that country Chamber of Shipping has summed Tanker owners lost about 50 per are fixed. The mercantile marine Looking back on the whole cent, of their vessejs, and among of Italy, which was of just over up the British losses during the period of the war, the position Six Years War:— the coasters and smaller ships the 3,400,000 tons gross, was almost is strikingly illustrated by the destruction, including losses on wiped out during the war and "The United Kingdom en- losses of tramp cargo vessels upon the Normandy beaches and at it must be a long time before it tered the war with a merchant which we so largely depend for Dunkirk, was considerable. can be restored to its pre-war fleet of some 22 million dead- our . supplies of food and raw strength. In any event, for some weight tons. In the course materials. By the end of the As a penalty for their cam- aign with U-boat, mine and, years to come there will be three of the war more than half this war, out of some 750 deep-sea fewer first-class competitors for tonnage has been lost as the tramps at the beginning of the omber on the shipping of the EUnited Nations, as well as neu- the movement of the world's result of enemy action. Part war, 571. or nearly 75 per cent., trade. of the loss has been made good had been sunk. trals, Germany and Japan, who together owned 10,000,000 tons by new building and acquisi- gross of shipping in 1939, have tions ; but, excluding 3} millior Other sections of the industry As a commercial Sea Power also suffered grievously. Of the been banished from the trade Britain no longer occupies the The N«vy June, 1947 164 dardized fleet of ships, far more in size, equipment, steaming radi- It is one thing to sign a con- than they can use on the seas. us and speed, so as to suit the tract for a new ship and it is Many of them are to be broken needs of his "masters", whether, quite another to pay the bill and up, others are being sold to for- on the one hand, travellers on to operate that ship successfully, eign countries, yet oilers are be- business or pleasure or, on the in face of keen competition, dur- ing laid up as an emergency re- other hand, shippers of goods or ing its lifetime of twenty or twen- serve, and the remainder are being oil fuel. ty-five years. Not only has the transferred at low prices by the Thus it came about th^t, while balance of carrying power in the Government at Washington to Congress at Washington was con- world changed since 1939, but the private American ship operators. sidering in detail the problem of conditions under which the differ- When all these adjustments have what to do with all the war- ent mercantile marines will com- been made, the American mer- built tonnage of standardized pete have also changed. Canada, cantile marine, though still rank- types which had been turned out, which built many ships in order ing high among the marines of regardless of expense, in the Uni- to reinforce the strength of the the world, will not, judged by ted States in the years 1942-45, United Nations, has ambitions, as aggregate tonnage, be as pre-em- British shipowners were busy has South Africa, and will operate, inent as it now appears to be on placing contracts for the precise either through Government agen- paper, and it will consist almost types of ships which they require cies or private ownership, a much entirely of standardized ships of to give the most efficient service, greater volr.me of tonnage than pre-war design. It will not em- whether in North or South At- in the past. New companies have body, therefore, the technical les- lantic, in the Mediterranean, in been formed in South Africa sons which were among the gains the vast spaces of the Far East w.iich will, in due course, operate of the war years. or Jn the northern waters of the ships on the trade routes. Argen- Western Hemisphere. By the tina acquired ships she badly need- British shipowners -with the summer of 1946 ships totalling ed for the movement of her im-' co-operation of the best naval nearly 2,500,000 tons gross were ports and exports in the war architects to be found in any either actually building or had years, and has ordered vessels of country, and shipbuilders who are been ordered, so the British ship- the most up-to-date design, most supreme for the quality of their building industry was working at of them from British shipbuilders, output—had all their plans for full stretch. Some of these ships in order to replace the older ships The mould staff" of this British shipbuilding yard prepare mould the restoration of their fleets The frames of a 300 feet cargo were for foreign customers who she now owns. She has been en- battens and wooden templates from which plates and bulkheads are ready by the time the war came vessel. had also suffered heavy losses in couraged to adopt this policy by made, and rivet holes are marked. to an end, for business men, with the war. the financial success which atten- expert knowledge and years of premier position. The United and new, were busy turning out, theorists who claim to be "plan- experience, plan more success- ners". With the ending of the States has today the greatest vol- at a speed never before attained, fully than the much-advertised ume of shipping under any flag, standardized ships, for the most war, the shipyards in Britain and and, for Aie first time in modern part from designs of the pre-war Northern Ireland were freed from requisition by the Government Constructing 11 double bottom. This is a continuous series of tanks on times, the British mercantile mar- period, in a helter-skelter race and the keels of new ships were the bottom of the vessel from end to end. ine is in the second place. Ameri- for victory. All these vessels were laid immediately. ca's predominance is due to the cargo carriers or oil tankers, for ship-Duilding drive which was in- Britain had entered the struggle Since so much standardized car- itiated on the other side of the with a large number of passenger go-carrying tonnage suitable for Atlantic early in the Second and cargo liners which were avail- "tramping", had been constructed World War. It enabled the sea able for use as troopships, rang- since 1939, attention was concen- communications' of the United ing from the Oueen Elizabeth and trated on specialized ships run- Nations to be maintained during Queen Mary clown to cross- Chan- ning to schedule, each designed the anxious months of the Battle nel vessels. The urgent need for a particular route and a par- of the Seas when 4,770 ships of was for vessels to transport sup- ticular trade—whether for the car- 21,140,000 tons gross which had plies of all kinds, including food riage of passengers or cargo—and been mobilized from all parts of and oil, and that need was mag- on oil tankers, for the consump- the free world were sunk by en- nificently met by the Americans, tion of oil fuel in this country is emy action, apart from those though British yards, mainly en- rapidly mounting up owing to the which were lost by ordinary mar- gaged in work for the Royal Navy, decrease in the output of coal ine risks. made a notable contribution. and the increase iri its price. To Chart Showing Tonnage Owned the man-in-the-street a ship is just While that destruction was go- As a legacy of the war, the in the U.K. Compared with World a ship, but every shipowner needs a special type df vessel, differing ing on, American shipyards, old Americans have today a vast sran- Tonnage.

166 The Nav tunm, 1947 courage, resource and devotion ashore". He atid his colleagues nation's debt to the seamen, who ded her war-time experiment when that policy is that building prices made at a loss, resulting in the during the war years. So wages who carried on the negotiations are, incidentally, far better housed she had few competitors. and operating costs reflect the laying-up of ships and the unem- are to be raised, hours of work with the owners took account of and fed today in the latest ships high standard of living in the ployment of seafarers. on board ship, whether at sea or the many advantages which have than most workers on shore, for Another country which intends United States and that parity must in port, are being reduced, and the been gained—such as "sickness there has been a great improve- to expand its State-owned fleet be established on what are re- But British shipowners have general conditions of life of sea- pay abroad, the regulation of ment in their accommodation on is Russia, which, owing to clim- garded as essential trade routes. other problems to consider be- farers improved. Through the the hours of labour in the ship board ship and in the hostels and atic conditions, has never counted It is in these conditions that the sides the action of foreign com- National Maritime Board nego- and overtime payments connected other institutions which they use as a first-class Sea Power. The British mercantile marine has to petitors. The nation looks to tiations with the organizations re- therewith, improved dietary scales, when not at sea. rulers of the Union of Soviet So- be rebuilt and conducted in future- them to pay its debt of gratitude presenting officers and men have special allowances in foreign-go- cialist Republics propose to build years so that voyages may not be to the officers and men for their been in progress for the past ing two-watch ships, improved Shipowners arc planning the a great mercantile marine. That twelve months or so, without so rail fare and travel for seamen renaissance of the industry with decision explains the'opposition far reaching a solution satisfac- ashore and other war-time con- confidence in the outcome of the which their spokesman offered at tory to the Left-Wing section of cessions". He has stated that "in coming competition, not forget- the Conference of the "Big Four" the industry. their totality all these improve- ting that, if new rivals are staking to the return of Trieste, on the Afloul for the first lime, I!ir Ship moves out towards the centre of the ments in status and service con- out claims, two of the most seri- river. Adriatic, to Italy and their ad- At the opening of the First ditions are equivalent to substan- ous competitors of the past have vocacy .if the claims to that port World War the standard monthly tial money wage increases and disappeared and a third has been ' Yugo-Slavia which, since the wage of an able-bodied seaman, should be so reckoned". crippled. The Germans, adopting aci.wM of Tito to power, had come in cash—that is apart from "board various tricks and stratagems to under the influence of Moscow. and lodging" provided by the What the real all-in wage would give them advantages in trading, The Russians now have accepted shipowner—was £4 10s.; as a re- be under the wage scheme put and the Japanese, who gained the .a compromise. Trieste is to be- sult of recent discussions on the forward by the owners has not benefit of what Westerners would come a State, under international National Maritime Board, an offer been calculated. After the First regard as sweated labour as well control, much as Danzig became was recently made by the owners World War the Chamber of Ship- as of State aid, were serious and after the First World War, with of £18 10s. (with a transition ping declared that "in cash or unfair tivals. Italy, which also results that are familiar. Danzig bonus of £2 until the end of this kind, and making due allowance subsidized her shipping, lost most passed under the control of the year) for an able-bodied seaman, for time-off articles, the able-bod- of her ships during the war, and Germans in the course of a few rising to £20 after four years' ied seaman receives no less than has been crippled. But other years. If Russia can assert her efficient service, with correspond- £200 per annum". The equivalent rivals are appearing. The British ascendancy over Trieste, with the ing improvement for other sea- sum today is probably not less shipping industry has before it aid of her satellite neighbour, it farers, officers and men. It is than £400 a year. an embarrassing obstacle race, but will become the warm-water cen- apparent, therefore, that owners, owners, with as fine ships as can tre of the Russian shipbuilding with the responsibility of making be built and seamen second to industry and the base of a great Ships are to this country what none, are supported bv their con- ends meet it they are to provide railways are to the United States. fleet of mercantile shipping, own- employment and with all costs fidence in their native wit, exer- ed and managed, with little re- We in this island, the pivot of a cised under expert knowledge and far higher—prices of new ships great maritime empire, cannot ex- gard to commercial principles, by and repairs are about twice what their long experience. the Soviet Government. ist without ships. This brief re- they were before the war—have cord of the decline of British not tried to evade their duty. shipping, broken in two wars, The Sqviet has also pegged out shows that the task of restoring audacious claims in her Note to Mr. Charles Jarman, the acting its strength, even to the level of Turkey with reference to the Secretary of the National Union 1939, will be no easy one, in view future of the Dardanelles. Russia of Seamen, has admitted that the of the increased costs of shipbuild- ij oo the u.ove to warm water increase of wages is by no means ing and ship-repairing as well as And her plant would make her the only benefit which seamen of of running costs and the intensi- •one of the great Sea Powers of all classes have received. He has fication of competition on the the world, with a consequent gain conceded that it is right and trade routes, since some rivals will of political as well as commercial proper to have regard not only be financed from State funds. prestige. to wages and food and lodging But the leaders of the industry 'The Xavy' but to other considerations—"the are not dismayed or downhearted. In faith and courage that, in the total remuneration of the seamen last analysis, efficiency will tri- in terms not only of their money is Your Guide umph, they are replacing their wages but of the amenities, the 'the vessels on rrade routes ^^^H war losses with the best ships by the Gtvern- j^^^H social safeguards, the health, wel- that can be built and at the same to Naval Affairs ment the ^^^B fare and comfort of the seafarer time endeavouring to pay the larger than ever The ^^^H and the security of his family for ]hhb tune. 194 7 - 169 168 Th« The reason surely is that those few cruisers and destroyers to con- who belonged to the sailing era tain a major fleet of battleships, were not only in command of a and cruisers and destroyers in British Fleet when a decisive vic- plenty. tory was won which settled the issue in the maritime war, but % Mr. Churchill said that Lord commanded fleets in more than Jellicoe was the only man who one war, and also as junior flag could lose'the war in a few min- officers and Captains commanded A utes; in the Second World War forces which were victorious in these minutes had become sec- important minor operations, and, onds, owing to the immense in- in many cases, restored the situa- I crease in speed and power of at- tion in major battle by their initia- tack. Matapan, which was all tive and genius for doing the right over in two or three minutes, thing at the right moment. Jel- J proved the Admiral's powers of licoe and Beatty, on the other immediate decision, a high-speed hand, never had the opportunity A brain attuned to the new high- of fight to a finish with the Ger- speed warfare. man Fleet, but on every occasion of contact with the elusive enemy But the key to his achievement displayed such qualities of leader- lies elsewhere. It is no exagger- ship and tactical skill that the *»/ ation to say that never before German Fleet, little inferior in in history has British naval per- battle-strength, eventually surren- Vire-Admirul Sir Philip Vian sonnel been so highly tested in Admiral Sir Bruce Fruiter dered. battle. Continually under severe bomb attack, never knowing when into the pages of history books come periods for rest and refit Which, then, of the British Ad- it would be their turn to take- and is just one more war to wor- which their predecessors had en- mirals of the Second World War to the rafts, none of those wel- ry the schoolboy, the names of joyed, no second or third degree will join the small but supremely the British Admirals, with the of readiness to allow some relaxa- distinguished company of British exception of Lord Cunningham, tion when at sea. Lord Cunning- sea-leaders who will in future Admirul of I In- Fleet will gradually be forgotten, but ham's officers and men were years come at once to the mind Sir John Tovey that would be taking a very super- strained almost beyond human of John Citizen? There were 25 ficial view. limit. Yet they never faltered, years of peace after the First because they trusted their leader World War and so no opportun- implicitly. Hood had formed ity for them to emulate the war Lord Cunningham is excepted his Band of Brothers, Nelson had records of the sailing fleet Ad- here, ^iot so much for the dram- done likewise, Jellicoe and Beatty Hi» Majesty King George VI mirals; there was no powerful atic victories at T.iranto and off had kept their great personnel at Thr only King in history irho has served afloat under shellfire. German Fleet to challenge in maj- Cape Marapan, but for the whole a high pitch of efficiency despite or battle; Lord Cunpingham's Mediterranean campaign, which many indications that the broad- hopes of pitched battle with the bears comparison with any cam- sides would never be used in Italian Fleet, which outnumbered paign in history. ABOUT SOME ADMIRALS battle; now once again there was him in every class.of vessel, were a Band of Brothers. It is this soon dashed by the first brushes Never before has a British Ad By ADMIRAL SIR WILLIAM JAMES, C.C.B. power of drawing rhe best service which made it all too clear that miral been faced with such haz- from everyone. Flag Officer to the policy of the Italian Admirals ardous operations as the with- Ordinary Seaman, that is so speci- • F a citizen of this Some of the eighteenth-century was to run away and live to fig In drawal from Crete; or had to ally characteristic of British Ad- country, with no nau- Admirals would probably occur another day; Admiral Sir Bernard make so many fateful decisions mirals, | tical affiliations, were to him only because he so often Rawlings' hopes of sea battle with when his relatively small forces asked to name the sees their names in newspaper the Japanese main fleet were grad- were strained to the limit to give I British Admirals who reports of the doings of His Maj- ually dispelled as reports came vital support to. the Army in •Admiral of the Fleet Sir John havi won for their country its esty's ships. through of the staggering victories Africa, to fight through convoys Tovey, who earned high praise proud position amongst the great of the American fleet. on which all depended, to main- from Lord Cunningham for his nations he would immediately Why are these few remembered tain pressure on the enemy s vital handling of the cruisers in the name Nelson, and then, after by everyone and so many other supply lines from Italy and to action off Calabria and then con- One might, therefore, infer that •ause, add Drake, Hawke, Howe, great sea leaders known only to meet continual demands for minor ducted the operations that ended as the greatest clash of arms the Hood, Rodney and perhaps, as an a handful of students of naval operations. Never before has a in the sinking of the Bismarck, world has ever witnessed passes British Admiral been left with a afterthought, Jellicoe and Beatty. history? , will'be given a place in history be- Continued on Page 202 Tfce Jfavy June. 1947 171 U

The film is now reaching the cutting and editing stage, Mr. Mc- Creadie said. An interesting highlight of the picture will be a reconstruction of H.M.A.S. Yarra's epic fight against a superior Jap fleet. This action took place in the Indian Ocean south of Java in March, 1942. The part of H.M.A.S. Yarra will be portrayed by H.M.A.S. Hataan in the picture, under the name of H.M.A.S. Dauntless.

The wist of "Always Another Dawn" is headed by Charles Tingwell and Guy Doleman, whilst Charles Zoli, Douglas Herald, Max Gibb and Russell Jarrett are featured. The fem- inine interest is supplied by the well-known radio and stage arrists Queenie Ashton and Betty Mc- Dowell.

To a final question as to when Who would dare interrupt this romunlir interlude b**twesn stars Iliurles the book will be published, Mr. Tingwell and Belly McDowell wlule Police Dog Lassie stands guard. McCreadie said that arrangements Scene from "Always Another Dawn" whilst on location at Edgar Downe'a have been made with Miss Zelma t-umden property "GlenUon." Roberts for publication to be ef- fected simultaneously with the re- tlaptain "Clopper" Morrow. R.A.N. studies the script prior to rcoing on lease of the pictufe. I understand location to sea with H.M.A.S. "Itataan** and other units of the R.A.N. that the musical numbers in the film arc "Men of the R.A.N." H.M.A.S. "Italaan" (words and music by T. O. Mc- Creadie), "You'll Be Sorry" and Film bitsftl on the Exploits of the K.A.JV. "What's It Matter", arranged by Iris Mason and Hal Saunders. by Barry E. Keen Y I was for- Naval Officers, visiting various Men of the R.A.N. in everyday tunate to meet the Naval establishments, and talking routine Naval scenes. producer - director of to members of all ranks to gather Progress is up to schedule on the new Australian material for her story, which is the "shooting" timetable, Mr. Mc- Are You a ,film "Always An- based on the exploits of famous Creadie told me. This has been other Dawn", Mr. T. O. Mc- Australian ships during World made possible only by the ever- Creadie of Embassy Pictures. I War II. ready assistance given to Embassy Subscriber to met him on the way out fr(5m Production on the Film began Pictures staff by/ all ranks who Garden Island and the film natur- early in January this year, but have been in any way associated ally formed the topic of our con- only after further extensive re- with the making of the picture. versation. The story of the pic- search was made to ensure that The location ateas range from TheXaiy? ture, Mr. McCreadie told me, has rocedure in accordance with Flinders Naval Depot, Sydney, been adapted from the book of laval atmosphere, and records E for interior scenes, at sea off the the same title written by Miss was correct to the last detail. The N.S.W. coast with units of the Order Your Zelma Roberts. Miss Roberts, a picture is being made with the R.A.N., Camden, N.S.W. and New Zealander, spent consider- full co-operation of the Naval Melbourne. able time interviewing senior Board and included OF.cers and Copy Noiv

The Navy

June, 194 7 175 \ Nami ftemmaltttea No. 6

Admiral Sir LOUIS HAMILTON

IDMIRAL SIR *LOUIS HENRY 1 KEPPEL HAMILTON, K.C.B., D.S.O.. First Naval Member of the Australian Commonwealth Naval | Board and Chief of the Naval StafT, comes of a distinguished line of Naval Officers.

His father, the late Admiral Sir Frederick Hamilton. G.C.V.O., K.C.B., was a torpedo expert, for some years Commanding Officer of H.M.S. "Excellent", the Gunnery School, Whale Island, subsequently attaining high command and becoming Second Sea Lord. Admiral of the Fleet Lord Chatfield describes him in !tThe Navy and Defence" as t4One of the most popular, indeed be- loved, officers in the Service ... a captain under whom anyone would be fortunate to serve, one of the great gentlemen of the Captains' List." On his mother's side Sir Louis is descended from the famous Keppel family. She was the daughter of Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry Keppel, G.C.B., who, when in command of the China and Pacific Station in 1841 stamped out piracy in those waters, and who later obtained distinction in the Crimean War. He was himself a descendant of a First Lord of the Admiralty, Admiral Viscount Keppel.

The present First Naval Member followed in the family tradition by entering the Royal Navy in 1903 as a member of the first term of the Osborne and Dartmouth Scheme. The outbreak of the 1914-1918 War found him a Lieutenant, and he early saw service in the Cameroons in command of the River Flotilla which drove the Ger- mans from Dehane in December, 1914. Later he commanded the detachment which transported a naval gun 160 miles up the Niger, thence 480 miles up the Benue River, and finally 60 miles overland, thus contributing largely to the success of the operations which culminated in the German surrender at Garua on June 10, 1915. For these services he was awarded the D.S.O. Subsequently he served in destroyers, and took part in the Battle of Jutland.

The greater part of his service during the 1939-1945 War was performed at sea, and he saw considerable action. He was Captain when the war broke out, and from January to October 1940 was in command of H.M.S. "Aurora", being awarded a Bar to his D.S.O. for his part in the operations near Narvik during the German invasion of Norway in 1940. For a brief period in 1941 he was in command of H.M.S. "Prince of Wales" before his promotion to Rear-Admiral, and his appointment as Rear-Ad- miral (Destroyers) Home Fleet.

In December, 1941, he commanded the Light Forces in the combined operations raid on the Lofoten Islands, when, without damage or casualties to our Forces, German sea communications in this area were destroyed, prisoners were captured, and an enemy patrol vessel was sunk. Contd. on Next Page m

June, 194 7 175 r Prominent Men in Shipping

No. 1

SIR THOMAS STEW ART GORDON

ERTAINLY one of the most prominent shipping men in Australia today, Sir Thomas Stewart Gordon, K.B., re- ceived his knighthood in 1938 in recognition of his services to Empire Shipping previous to that year. He has since given of his great talents and experience in speeding the "swift shuttles of an Empire's loom" in the war years. Born at Ardrossan, S.A., in 1882, educated at Brough- ton, Vic , Sir Thomas at the age of twenty-one joined the firm of Birt and Co. of Sydney and Brisbane, succeeding the late Sir Owen Cox as Managing Director and Chairman in December, 1929. His shipping interests are manifold. He is also Australian Director of the Federal Steam Navigation Co. Ltd., of London, Chairman of the Newstead Wharves and Stevedoring Co. Pty Ltd., of Brisbane and the Darlijig Harbour Stevedoring and Lighterage Co. Pty. Ltd., of Sydney, and a Member of the Association of Shipbrokers and of the Institute of Naval Architects. His Belgian decoration of Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Leopold was in recognition of his years as President of the Belgian Chamber of Commerce in N.S.W. The war brought him additional responsibilities in plenty, firstly as Australian Representative of the British Ministry of War Transport, and later, when the Commonwealth took over shipping control, as Director of Shipping. The records of tonnage handled in Australia during that trying period bear testimony to the efficiency of his administration. TN view of the large and stead- Founder and Chairman of the King George's Fund for Sailors (N.S.W.), Founder and Presi- Battleship Squadron. In bad wea- released for publication at the end dent of the Australian Merchant Seamen's Relief Fund, he has also been for many years associated •1 ily growing proportion of the ther the hangar would be avail- of January. These include a sum- with the Mission for Seamen and the Sailors' Home in Sydney. total personnel of the Royal Navy able fo' these purposes. mary of statements made by concerned with aviation, there is Gross-Admiral Donitz, who con- He has circled the world four times, and golf is his only interest to have suffered by reason of in some quarters a disposition to the shortness of the unforgiving minute. Though the shortage of aircraft siders that "the war was lost be- question the soundness of the might preclude frequent flying • ittrrrrrrtty frnf/fffff/fmrfrfffffffff*'"*"" »^' fore it began" through the Ger- present policy of training new en- practice in a training carrier, man Government's refusal to tries in battleships. It is felt that there should be little difficulty in entertain until the last moment it would be a better preparation arranging for a few machines to the possibility of having to fight for his service career if the young be operated from time to time, to Naval Personalities, Contd. the Royal Navy. If he had been * sailor were to be trained in an give the new entries some experi- able to dispose of 1,000 submar- Appointed Rear-Admiral Commanding the First Cruiser Squadron in February, aircraft carrier, by which method, ence of the duties to which so ines at the outbreak of war in- 1942, he flew his Flag in H.M.S. "London" when the Squadron provided close cover moreover, larger numbers could many of them are likely to be stead of about 50, Donitz thinks for the Murmansk Convoy in July of that year, the Convoy bearing the brunt of the be dealt with in a given time. assigned in the future. the issue might have been very heaviest air attacks ever delivered by the Germans on that route, with the added threat Amongst the advantages which different. Actually the programme It may be added that in the U.S. of jurface attack by the "Tirpilz" and "Hipper". an aircraft carrier possesses over a of 1,000 U-boats was not com- Navy the carrier has largely dis- He was promoted Vice-Admiral, and in August, 1943, became Vice-Admiral Malta battleship is the extensive space pleted until 1944. placed the battleship for training and Flag Officer Commanding the Central Mediterranean, an appointment he held until afforded by the flight deck, which purposes. There are now only It seems to have been the gen- his taking over his present post as Admiral, in June, 1945. provides an ideal parade ground two American battleships in com- eral view in the German Navy when not in use for flying pur- In 1943 Sir Louis was awarded the C.B., and received bis K.C.B. in the Birthday mission, the "Iowa" in the Pacific that the co-operation of the Luft- poses. It also gives excellent op- Honours List in 1944. The Russian Government bestowed upon him the Order of St. and the "Missouri" in the At- waffe in maritime operations was portunities for physical training Stanislaus, and he was the recipient of the Norwegian War Cross in 1942. • lantic. neither cordial nor effective. If and for recreation generally, ob- Known to his intimates as "Turtle", Admiral Sir Louis Hamilton is a bachelor, of there had been a separate naval viating the necessity of landing Fresh light is thrown upon vari- air service much more might'have medium stature, and a strong personality with a quiet but impressive manner en- large parties, and so relieving the livened by a nice sense of humour and a twinkling eye. A great sportsman, he is ous aspects of the war with Ger- been accomplished. An illustra- heavy demands at present made many by three documents of tion of this is the view expressed keen on games and carries with him from his early days at Osborne, when he was on ships' boats in the Training whip of the beagles, a particular fondness of horse riding. enemy origin which the Admiralty by a German court of enquiry /una, 194 7 276 Tha NaT] into the loss of the destroyers of the much superior forces Op- "Aisne", "Alamein", "Corunna", "Leberecht Maass" and "Max posed to him. Hitler lost all con- "Dunkirk", "Finisterre", "Jut- Schultz" in February, 1940, viz., fidence in Raeder and superseded land" and "Matapan". In the that the two ships were bombed him by Donitz. He also ordered last eight, the armament has been Decorated Officers and Men and sunk by the Luftwaffe in the all large German surface warships augmented slightly, including five 4.5-inch guns, eight 40-mm. Bo- belief that they were British. Pre- to be withdrawn from active op- /Vo. 1 of the Series viously it had been supposed that erations, but this instruction was fors and 10 torpedo tubes. The these destroyers had run into a modified in so far that the extra 4.5-inch gun is mounted in minefield. "Scharnhorst" and "Tirpitz" re- "Q" position, abaft the funnel. mained in northern Norwegian In a memorandum prepared by ports until first one and then the FRANCE two anonymous officers of the other was destroyed. German Naval Staff the friction H.M.S. "Colossus", the fleet air- between Navy and Air Force is A correspondent writes to en- craft carrier which is lent to the discussed, blame being assigned quire about the "Battle" class of French Navy until 1951, has been principally to Goering, described destroyers, having observed that renamed "Arromanches" in com- as "a narrow-minded dilettante", H.M.S. "Barrosa" had just passed memoration of the famous arti- though it is admitted that Raeder, into service. He is uncertain ficial harbour in Seine Bay which Commander-in-Chief of the Navy whether two or three flotillas of was the main base for the libera- up to January, 1943, "was not this type are being completed, but tion of France in 1944. gifted with a persuasive manner has assembled from Press refer- nor with the necessary tenacity of ences a list of 17 names, including will to force his opinions on a the "Barrosa". kREKCE listener." The Royal Hellenic Navy has Though no official statement ap- also acquired a corvette from After the failure of the German pears to have been issued, it is Canada, the ex-'Petrolia". Some attack on a Russia-bound convoy believed that in fact there will be motor minesweepers have besides at the end of December, 1942, three flotillas of these destroyers, been transferred to the Greek when Captain R. St. V. Sher- each comprising eight ships. The flag from the Royal Navy. It is brooke, R.N., in command of the additional units, names of which hoped to obtain a cruiser to re- destroyer escort, gained the V.C. are sought by this correspondent, place the antiquated "Averof", of for his gallant and skilful defeat are understood to be "Agincourt", 9,450 tons, built in Italy in 1910. LIEl'TENANT HUGH R. SYME ABLE SEAMAN B. A. G. HAMMOND

Contd. on Page 205 -g—IIHUTENANT Hugh R. Syme, G.C., G.M. "BLE SEAMAN Bertram Albert George TfgT and Bar, R.A.N.V.R., is the only Austral- Hammond, R.A.N.R., was awarded the ian to be awarded the George Medal with Distinguished Service Medal and the 'i Bar, as well as the George Cross. He re- Dutch Bronze Cross for the part he played, as gunlaj^r in the Dutch Motor Vessel The second raider was now engaged by "Bengal", ceived his awards, the George Medal in Lt. H. R. Syme, Cnntd. "Ondina", in sinking a heavily armed who suffered a hit which started a fire, whereupon •2 £J June, 1941, the Bar to it in the following He had to dig down through eight feet of Japanese raider in the Indian Ocean in November, the raider shifted target to "Ondina" and these year, and the George Cross in August, 1943, for heavy clay in the case of a parachute mine which 1942. two ships exchanged fire until "Ondina's" am- his services with the Royal Navy in England in landed at Primrose Hill, London, on April 20, munition was exhausted and "Abandon Ship" was bomb and mine disposal. A citizen of Glanville, South Australia, Able 1941, and buried itself only 100 yards from a water ordered. A native of Melbourne, Hugh Syme joined the Seaman Hammond was in the Royal Australian reservoir and 50 yards from an anti-aircraft bat- R.A.N.V.R. in 1940 under the Yachtsman's Scheme Naval Reserve and was mobilized for service when tery. After all his labour he found that the fuse Shortly afterwards the bridge was hit by shrap- and went overseas to the United Kingdom as a the war broke out, going to sea as a D.E.M.S. was on the other side of the mine, and had to nel and the Captain killed. A number of boats Sub-Lieutenant in that year, being first appointed rating. dig round, with water seeping into the trench and and rafts was got away. The raider twice torpedoed to H.M.S. "King Alfred", and later to H.M.S. continuous baling necessary, Before he could with- "Ondina" and evidently concluded she had fin- On the morning of November 11, 1942, whilst "Vernon", where he did courses in mine disposal. draw the fuse by hand. This was the first time ished the ship, as she made off. The "Ondina's" on passage from Fremantle to Diego Garcia, M.V. this dangerous operation was performed at close crew thereupon returned to the ship and succeeded During his period in the United Kingdom he "Ondina", in company with H.M.I.S. "Bengal", quarters, and much valuable knowledge for future in bringing her safely to Fremantle, while the dealt successfully with ten unexploded mines, one met two Japanese raiders, nch of aoout 14,000 operations was gained. "Bengal" made port at Colombo. of which detonated, fortunately without doing tons. "Bengal" ordired "OnJ'na" to nun away him any injury. and proceed indepen Jently, whi;- she herself pro- Able Seaman Hammond, in command of the ceeded to intercept. To get at the fuse of one mine in Manchester, A. B. Hammond, Contd. gun's crew of the "Ondina", set an example which which had landed on the first floor of a house and A remarkable action now commenced. Shortly was reflected in the cool behaviour of his crew heavy explosion which blew the enemy's stern was hanging by its parachute cords, Lieutenant after it opened between "Bengal" and one of the and in the results they attained. off and sank her. Syme hit upon the idea of turning it slowly by a raiders, "Ondina" jpened fire. She scored t rope made fast to a motor car. The Nny number of hits in quick succession, causing a 171 Con Id. at fool o/ Par* 178 June, 1947 179 . at Sea and Ashore Units and personnel of the H.M.A.S. "ARUNTA" (Com- where she is attached to H.M.A.S.. l.nnding Shipn Infantry completing the survey of Guichen Her officers consider that this mdr. G. C. O. Gatatre, D.S.C., "WATSON" for radar training. Bay and Whyalla, South Aus- Royal Australian Navy, on their H.M.A.S. MANOORA" (Cap- forthcoming Survey is one that lawful occasions, are doing useful R.A.N.) is in Sydney. tralia. The information she ob- w*ll be undertaken under most 2U(h .11/sweeping Flotilla tain A. O. Cousin, D.S.O., jobs in various parts of the West- H.M.A.S. QUADRANT" is in tained will enable the Hydro- difficult surveying conditions, The ships of this Flotilla are R.A.N.R.(S)), is in Darwin. ern Pacific and around the Aus- Sydney, where she is paying off graphic Branch to issue a new mainly owing to the rise and fall all in the Cairns area, where they H.M.A.S. K A N I M B L A" tralian coast. Dispositions and into reserve. chart of the approaches to Why- of the tides in the area, which is are engaged in minesweeping op- (Commdr. S. H. Crawford, employment change from time to H.M.A.S. QUIBERON" alla and Robe Harbour. The lat- approximately 30 to 40 feet, with erations. They are: | time, as is natural in the case of (Commdr. J. L. Bath, R.A.N.) is M.B.E., R.A.N.R.(S)) departed est survey of this area was com- a tidal current sometimes attain- H.M.A.S. "SWAN", Senior Of- a highly mobile-force with various with the Occupation Force in Kure, Japan, on May 10 for Mel- menced in 1938 by H.M.A.S. ing speeds of 6 to 7 knots. ' and varying duties, so that by the Japan. ficer (Captain R. V. Wheatley, bourne, with Occupation Force "Moresby", and H.M.A.S. "Lach- RAN). personnel for leave and discharge. time these lines appear in "The H.M.A.S. "QUICKMATCH" lan" continued the work in 1946 H. M. A. S. "DELORAINE" Canyon in Continental Shelf Navy" there will have been some (Lt.-Commdr. C. J. Stephenson, Australian M/sweepers when the more pressing wartime alterations, but the position as at (A/Lt.-Commdr. J. A. Doyle, commitments had been fulfilled. While H.M.A.S. "Lachlan" R.A.N.) is also in Japanese These two vessels are for train- the time of writing — which is waters. R.A.N.R.(S)). She resumed work on the survey was carrying out her South Aus- H.M.A.S. "ECHUCA" (A/Lt.- ing Flinders Naval Depot per- mid-May—is as follows. H.M.A.S. "WARRAMUNGA" in January of this year and, when tralian survey Commander Little, Commdr. N. S. Townshend, sonnel. (Commdr. G. C. Oldham, D.S.C.. she completed her task in April, in accordance with Hydrographic The ( miners * H. M. A. S. "GLADSTONE" R.A.N.) is in Sydney. R.A.N.V.R.). had recorded over 100.000 sound- instructions, proceeded south of > H.M.A.S. "HOBART" (Cap- H.M.A.S. "KATOOMBA" (Lt. (A/Lt.-Commdr. W. J. Dovers, ings. Kangaroo Island. Soundings here tain D. H. Harries, R.A.N.) is 1st Frigate Flotilla R. H. Grant, R.A.N.V.R ). D.S.C., R.A.N.) is at Williams- disclosed a canyon in the conti- with the Occupation Forces in H.M.A.S. "LITHGOW" (Lt.- town refitting. nental shelf. It is believed that H.M.A.S. "SHOALHAVEN ", South Australian Hospitality Japan. Commdr. H. J. Hull, R.A.N.R ). H.M.A.S. "LATROBE" (Lt. D. this may indicate the original exit Senior Officer (Commdr. J. K v H.M.A.S. ' MILDURA" (Lt.- H D. Smyth, R.A.ti.) is at Flin- Officers and men of H.M.A.S. into the ocean of the River Mur- H. M. A. S. "SHROPSHIRE", Walton, R.A.N.) is at Williams- "Lachlan" are enthusiastic about Commdr. A. W. Savage, R.A.N). ders Naval Depot. ray. !j wearing the Flag of Rear-Admiral town for refit. the hospitality they received in H.M.A.S." WARRNAMBOOL" H. B. Farncomb, C.B., D.S.O., H. M. A. S. "CONDAMINE" Survey Ships South Australian ports, the gen- (A/Commdr. A. J. Travis, M.V.O., R.A.N. (Captain H. J. (Lt. - Commdr. R. J. Hodge, H.M.A.S. "BAr.COO" (Lt.- eral conclusion reached being that Goodwill Cruise RAN). § Buchanan, D.S.O., R.A.N.) is in R.A.N.) is on passage, Sydney to Commdr. D'A. T. Gale. D.S.C., it was "grand". Also in the Cairns Area for When H.M.A.S. "Bataan" ar- ft Sydney. Port Moresby. R.A.N.) is engaged in Surveying Mine-sweeping operations are the rived in Sydney on May 7 she H.M.A.S. "AUSTRALIA" H.M.A.S "CULGOA" (Lt.- Duties at Kokooo. From South to North Weal H.D.M.Ls. Nos. 1323, 1326, 1328 was wearing the flag of the Rear- (Commdr. G. L. Cant, R.A.N.) is Commdr. H. L. Gunn, D.S.C., H.M.A.S. "LACHLAN" (Lt - The next surveying operation and 1329, and M.S.L. 706. Admiral Commanding His Maj- in Sydney undergoing repairs and R.A.N.) is in Sydney, and expects Commdr. C. G. Little, D.S.C., to be undertaken by H.M.A.S. lOth L.S.T. Flotilla esty's Australian Squadron, for • a refit. to depart for Japan about June 9- R.A.N.) is at Sydney for refit and "Lachlan" will take her across to , L.S.T. 3014 (Lt.-Commdr. W. Rear-Admiral H. B. Farncomb, lOth Beatraver Flotillas H.M.A.S. "HAWKESBURY" leave. the North West of Australia. A. Wilson, R.A.N.R.) is in Mel-' C.B., D.S.O., M.V.O., had been in H.M.A.S. "BATAAN", Captain is in Sydney, where she is paying WHyalla Survey After fifty days in Sydney, where the ship on her goodwill cruise bourne. leave is being given to her Ship's . j "D" (Captain J. C. Morrow, off into reserve. The work on which H.M.A.S. during which she had called at Company, she sails to continue j D.S.O., D.S.C., R.A.N.) is in H. M. A .S. "MURCHISON" L.S.T. 3017 (A/Lt.-Commdr. "Lachlan" had been engaged pre- Noumea, Vila, Suva, and Norfolk her survey of King Sound and the 1 Melbourne for a few days, subse- (Lt.-Commdr. J. McL. Adams, G. M. Dixon, D.S.C., R.A.N.V.R.) vious to her arrival in Sydney at and Lord Howe Islands. Rear- approaches to Derby. I quently proceeding to Sydney. O.B.E., R.A.N.) is in Sydney, is in Sydnoy. the beginning of May was that of Admiral Farncomb transferred his Tka Hwlvj huw 194 T the Island, which is to be built "AUSTRALIA", whose Captain there. The deprivation of Rabaul he was when, as Flagship to (then) WHAT THE R.A.N. IS DOING at Sea and Aahore . . . Continued of its dignity as the centre of Gov- Commodore H. B. Farncomb, she ernment has been rendered neces- withstood five attacks by Japanese of the River Class Frigates built sary by the volcanic upheavals kamikaze aircraft in the Leyte in Australia since the outbreak of that periodically disrupt that Gulf operations. Later he took the recent war. She has benefited town. H.M.A.S. "AUSTRALIA" to from the experience gained in the England, via America, for repairs building of her predecessors, and Iron at Yampi Sound ana refit, and those who, in the her Ship's Company will enjoy ship's wardroom in New York, Following the Kokopo survey, the many improvements that have saw the way he stood up to a Barcoo" will, throughout the been introduced in her, not the prolonged barrage of questions northern survey season until the least of these being the more com from 40 American newspaper re- middle of October, be engaged in fortable and convenient quarters porters, have nothing but admira- a survey of Yampi Sound, on the that have been provided. tion for his bearing under such north-west coast of Australia. The Considerably increased arma- concentrated fire. object is to establish a safe route ment has been installed in her, in for deep draft shipping into the COMMODORE ARMSTRONG comparison with the earlier ships Sound, where there are extensive of her class. Apart from lighter Military Secretary iron ore deposits which it is in- armament, these had two four- has been particularly onerous in Commander (S) Frank George tended to work on' a large scale. inch guns, one forward and one the period of demobilisation, with Crowther, R.A.N., has been ap- New deep draft vessels are now aft. The "Culgoa" doubles this the many p.oblems that the pointed to the position of Mili- being built especially for this main armament, with four four- change-over from wartime to tary Secretary and Comptroller of trade. inch guns in twin forward and peacetime conditions presented. the Household to His Excellency after mounts. In addition she has The last survey of Yampi Sound Commodore Armstrong saw much the Governor General, and has three Bofor Anti-Aircraft guns, was conducted by the British Ad- sea service during the war, and a been promoted to the rank of period as N.O.I.C. New Guinea. and two power-driven twin Oerli- miralty survey ship "Fantome" in Acting Ciptain. Captain Crowther His latest command was H.M.A.S. kons. She is also equipped with 1913, but it was not nearly suf- joined the Royal Australian Navy a modern fire control sysrem and ficiently complete for present re- radar. quirements. H.M.A.S. "Barcoo" H.M.A.S. "Culgoa" was built at is well equipped for her task. She Wllliamstown Naval Dockyard. has been fitted with the most At Princes on May 17lh, some officers of U.S. Task Force 38 were honoured at a function attended by the wife of the American Ambassador Victoria. Launched on September modern echo-sounding gear and Mrs. Robert Butler. From the left are Rear-Admiral Moore, R.A.N., 22, 1945, she was commissioned radar apparatus, and will do the Mrs. Butler and Captain Tompkins, U.S. Naval Attache. on April 1 of this year. Her work with expedition and accur- Photo Courtesy Truth Newspapers lad. Commanding Officer, Lieutenant- acy. Her Ship's Company will Commander H. L. Gunn, D.S.C.., have little opportunity for recrea- R.A.N., formerly commanded tion at the Sound, but they will H.M.A.S. "Barwon", and took up have a break every five weeks or his new appointment after bring- so when they visit Darwin for ing that ship back from New boiler-cleaning, storing ship, and The First Naval Member of the A.C.N.B. (Admiral Sir Louis Guinea to pay off into reserve at recreational leave. Hamilton), calling on Rear-Admiral G. H. Carson, on board the the end of March. A number American Flagship "DULUTH", in Melbourne last month. of his Ship's Company were trans- When she has completed het ferred from "Barwon" to "Cul work in the north west, "Barcoo" Yesterday she was out also, en- Flag to H.M.^ S. "Shropshire" at goa" with him. His present com- will proceed to Fremantle on her gaged on torpedo firings. She is 0800 on May 8. mand is of 1420 tons, with 301 way to Melbourne or Sydney, pre- at present the temporary home of feet length and 36 feet beam, and paratory to resuming the survey Firing Practice a Film Unit, and there is other a complement of 104 officers and of the waters of Bass Strait. shooting than that with .the ship's As I sit here writing these lines men. She has a speed of 20 armament in progress. Director knots. Personal with my windows open to the sun- T. O. McCreadie, with his staff light of a perfect Melbourne Au- of Cameraman Harry Malcolm Capital Survey Commodore J. M. Armstrong, tumn day and the hazy waters of and Sound Engineer B. Hallett, is D.S.O., RA N., is Second Naval The survey carried out by Hobson's Bay, I "heed the rumble on the job shooting scenes for the Member of the Australian Com- H.M.A.S. "Barcoo" at Kokopo, of a distant Drum" thudding film "Another Dawn". monwealth Naval Board, an ap- at the southern entrance to away beyond the horizon. pointment which, with its respon- Heavier Armed Frigate Blanche Bay, New Britain, was H.M.A.S. "Bataan" is out there sibilities in regard to personnel, carrying out firing exercises, and H.M.A.S. "Culgoa", who leaves to determine the sea approaches a very nice day she has for it. for Japan in June, is the twelfth to the site of the new capital of Jkim, 1947 183 Tin Navy WHAT THE R.A.N. IS BOINC Aafcore . . . Cmmtlmmmd In addition to these the Navy which at present are represented difficulty was experienced in play- Sporting Renalls ?t Sydney has entered teams for five civilian clubs and one Army. ing off due to the movements of Results of the Uniformed Staff the "A" and "B" grade mid- The R.A.N, has had no court ships to and from New Guinea and Civil Staff Golf Competition week Union which is usually play- since the prior wartime require- and Japan, but the leaders at the organised at Navy Office, Mel- ed on Wednesdays, Navy's home ments for the use of Garden end of the first half were "Kuttu- bourne, recently, and played at ground being at Rushcutter's Bay. Island court for stowage of war- bul" with 40 and "Australia" the Albert Park links, were: The R.A.N. Rugby Union in time equipment, but it is hoped with 40 points. The second half Championship: Commander T. Sydney maintains its affiliation that a new one will be provided. resulted in Kuttubul and Australia K. Morrison, O.B.E., D.S.C, with the N.S.W. Rugby Union, The Navy has entered one "B" both gaining 50 points. Matches R.A.N., with 79 off the stick. to which a delegate has been as- grade team for the 1947 Squash were also played against the Army Handicap: Mr. Mervyn Neil- signed. competitions in Sydney. The and Air Force at Victoria Bar- son, D.N A s Branch, net 69. N.S.W. Squash Rackets Associ- racks in all of which, unfortun- AUSTRALIAN RULES ation is hoping to stage both the 9 Holes Out: Mr. W. Kenny, ately, the Navy was unsuccessful. Although there is a deal of in- State and Australian Champion- D.N.A s Branch, net 32. terest in Australian Rules, the ships in Sydney this year. TENNIS 9 Holes In: Instructor Captain difficulty in playing this game F. G. Rednall. R A N., net 33. The Garden Island Tennis Club in Sydney is in obtaining grounds. CRICKET Championships were played dur- Rugby: Up to the time of writ- Trumper Park is usually available The 1946 '1947 season was split ing, Flinders Naval Depot Rugby ing the latter part of 1946. The for private hire during the week into two halves for two series of Team is undefeated in the Mel entries were disappointingly few ant^ it is hoped to arrrange games inter-ship comvpetitions. Some but meritorious wins were recot- bourne competition. on the "Penguin" grounds at Bal- In a golf match at Woodlands moral from time to time. Lt. Commdr. E. J. Peel, D.S.C, R.A.N., who on May 22nd re- (Vic.) on May 12, the R.A.N, de- ceived the Philippine Legion of Merit, from Rear-Admiral S. P. feated the R.A.A.F. 16-7. GOLF Cinder, with his wife at their home at Edgecliff. Lt. Commdr. The R.A.N. Golfing Society Peel, as Captain of H.M.A.S. "Cascoigr.e", was attached for some RUGBY UNION time to an American Task Force, during the South-Wesl Pacific has been revived and now mem- Campaign. Ll. Commdr. !N. L. T. Kempson, R. V. and his wife, who arrived Inter-ship competition for the bership is nearly 100. This Soc- in Melbourne las! month. Lt. Commdr. Kempson has been Dempster Cup is well under way, iety is open to all serving mem- appointed Flag Lieutenant to Rear-Admiral H. B. Famcomb- points being: "Kuttubul" 25, bers and R.A.N, officers on the "Penguin", "Watson" and "Rush- retired list. Membership entitles cutter" 21; "Australia" 17; Re- play for the "Randle Ford" cup, serve Ships and L.S.T.'s combined donated by Admiral Randle Ford 16; destroyers and frigates 13; for handicap play. This trophy as a Paymaster Cadet in February, F. G. Egerton, R.N., who was "Shropshire" 9; "Kanimbla" and was competed for and won by 1921. From April 1926 to June mortally wounded on the 2nd No- "Manoora" combined 5. Instructor Lieutenant E. T. Grif- 1928 he participated in the "Long vember, 1899, in the defence of fiths of H.M.A.S. "Rushcutter" in Air Course", and he also had con- I.adysmith. It is awarded annu- December, 1946. It was previous- siderable service in the seaplane ally to naval officers who, when Lieut. D. J. Hamer, D.S.C., R.A.1N. Courtesy of "The Argua." Melbourne. ly competed for in 1939 when it carrier H.K A S Albatross". He qualifying for Gunnery Lieuten- was won by Engineer Captain L. leaves the position of Base Supply ant, pass the best examination in J. P. Carr. The R.A.N. Golf Officer H.M A.S. "Leeuwin", to practical Gunnery. Lieutenant Championship for 1946 was won take up his new appointment. Hamer gained his D.S.C. "for by Captain E. C. Rhodes of gallantry, skill and devotion to H.M.A.S. "Penguin" who came Success of R.A.N. Officer in duty while serving in H.M.A. home with 89- The inter-services Gunnery Course Ships in the successful assault op- Golf match has been arranged for erations in Lingayen Gulf. Friday, June 13th, 1947, at "El- The Commander Egerton Mem- anora" and it is expected that the orial Prize open to Naval Officers Lieutenant Hamer recently ar- annual match of Services versus of the Royal Navy, Dominion rived in Australia after participat- Bench and Bar will take place Navies and the Royal Indian ing in a long gunnery course at about mid-July, at "Elanora". Navy has been -awarded to twt> Portsmouth. officers for 1946. Lieutenant D. "" SQUASH Hamer, D.S.C., R.A.N., of Mel- The Garden Island Squash Lume, is one of the successful Club has been revived and re- officers. named The R.A.N. Squash Rack- . This prize was founded in 1901 ets Club, N.S.W. Tltis club is in memory of the late Commander being affiliated with the N.S.W. 1 Squash Rackets Association, in m The Navy Jane. 1947 WHAT THE R-.V->. IS MING lorn tinned iV«r«I Quia Objects of the Navy League ded by Engineer Captain Carr in the singles; runner up was Com- Answers on Pmge 206 General Statement of Policy mander Gatacre, while the doubles 1. There is one instance of a name given by Captain Cook were won by Engineer Captain being blotted from the map of Australia. Do you know it? GENERAL Statement of Policy has recently been issued by the Govern- Carr and Commander Gatacre. ing Body of the Navy League, London, over the signature of H. T. 2. Do you know when the Australian Station was first formed? Several matches were played Bishop, Esq., O.B.E., R.N. (retd.). To this Statement of Policy the Australian Branches of the League wholeheartedly subscribe: It is as against the R.A.A.F. at Sydney 3. What sailing ship holds the England to Australia passage follows: and at Richmond, but the Air record? Force proved too strong a team. 4. A Lieutenant, R.N., is credited with having first conceived HE Navy League main- should be regarded as a more SWIMMING the idea of the present Suez Canal. Do you know who trade and of our supplies of food tains that the well-being devastating form of a weapon that A Trophy has been donated he was? and raw materials, and secure of ail the British peoples has already been used in Sea-war- by Rear-Admiral G. D. Moore, 5. During the Nineteenth Century Australian Naval forces British prestige on every sea and depends entirely upon the fare. It may well necessitate new in every port in the world. O.B.E., R.A.N., Flag Officer-in- rallied to the assistance of Britain in a war in the Middle restoration and extension of their concepts in the type, armament Charge, Sydney Establishments for T East. Can you say what war, and the Australian ships in- maritime trade, shipping and in- and tactical use of ships and in Defence Ministry Proposal competition between the Navy at volved? dustries; that in no other way the dispersal of bases and supply We desire to point out that Sydney and the Garden Island can their security, standard of liv- 6. To whom, on what occasion, was the signal "Well done, and repair facilities, but what the exercise of sea-power is no dockyard employees. The result ing, prestige and influence be re- these new concepts may be must "Condor"" made? longer, if indeed it ever was, the of the first competition for this gained and enlarged; and that, be a matter for consideration by exclusive responsibility of the trophy, which is for a relay race 7. Who was Captain Thomas Fleming of the "Golden Hind"? unless a.great effort is made dur- experts, guided by experiments Royal Navy. It involves an in- with 10 aside in the Garden ing the coming years to bring 8. Do you know who were the first and last to hold the posi- such as those conducted at tegrated effort on the part of the Island baths was a win for the home to every man, woman and tion of Lord High Admiral of Et^land? Bikini. sea, land and air forces to secure Navy by half a length of the child in the Commonwealth and 9. On December 26, 1943, cruisers and destroyers of the the passage of the seas and the baths. Empire, by demonstration, and Royal Australian Navy took part in a bombardment of Nevertheless, so long as our defence of essential shore bases argument, our utter dependence Japanese positions previous to the landing of US. Marines essential supplies are carried in against every form of attack. BOXING on the sea for our livelihood, we at Cape Gloucester, New Britain. How did Cape Gloucester the holds of ships, so long will it An amateur boxing competition shall have to learn it in the bitter Consequently the Navy League get its name? be necessary to maintain the against U.S. Army Task Force No. school of experience. forces required to secure for those welcomes in general, the proposal 38, was staged at Leichhardt 10. Who was the original First Naval Member of the Aus- ships the uninterrupted passage of of H.M. Government to set up a Stadium on May 20th. Proceeds tralian Commonwealth Naval Board? Sea Power, in spite of contrary the seas. Defence Ministry to co-ordinate * of the event were donated to the opinions advanced from time to tbe administration of the three N.S.W. Crippled Children's As- time in certain schools of thought services and the apportionment of sociation. Each team won 4 box- and in spite of the social prob- The Royal Naval Sailing Asso- and misunderstanding about the Objects of the League available supplies between them ing contests and there was one lems which press upon us daily, ciation has appointed as Branch course. H.M.A.S. "Hobart", in accordance with the strategic draw. The three wrestling con- is still the fundamental basis of In consequence of the forego- Secretariat in Australia the Naval therefore, retains the Rawson Cup policy laid down by the Defence tests were won by the U.S. the security and prosperity of a ing the Navy League reaffirms its Officers' Club (N.S.W.) with for the present. Committee as advised by the sea-girt Commonwealth and Em- principal objects as set forth in Lieutenant K. J. A. Bromley, Chiefs of Staff Committee. SAILING pire. its Constitution, namely:— At the Anniversary Day Re- R.A.N.R. as local Treasurer whose address is Box 1, Post Office, Conscription for Royal gatta in June, 1947, an event was We contend that the lessons of To secure as a primary object Navy included for service whalers open Edgecliff, N.S.W. The activities the last war have emphasised the of National policy the complete to crews from, the R.A.N. Naval of this Association include revis- Keep a Good- truth of this proposition and that naval protection of British sub- The Navy League accepts the Reserve and members of the Royal ion of facilities for sailing and in that war, as Mr. Winston jects and British Commerce all the view of H.M. Government that a Naval Sailing Association. crewing and will furnish officers Churchill has stated, the struggle world over and to urge this pol- continuance of conscription is who are interested in sailing with necessary at present to provide Ill gusty weather Lieutenant at sea was the foundation of all icy on all citizens of the British information. Opportunities will the strength of arms required for Commander Hinchliffe, R.A.N, Lookout the war effort of the United Na- Empire and upon the Government probably occur for members who our defence and overseas commit- of H.M.A.S. "Rushcutter" won tions. Had that struggle been of the day. are able and willing to become- ments and considers it to be con- with a margin of 3 minutes. On lost, all else would have been lost crew members in the Sydney/Ho- for the Next hiue of sonant with democratic prin- the 3th April, Balmoral 12 footer to us. To spread information showing bart ocean race next season. ciples that every citizen, should be sailing club also included a race the vital importance to the British prepared to take his share in the for service whalers in Middle Har- The validity of this general Commonwealth and Empire of 4 defence of the Commonwealth. bour which was won by Mr. Several attempts to decide the Th

June, 194 7 175 in EX-MVAL MEN'S and must always consist in its prepared te play its part in any long-service officers and men sup- measures of collective defence J. C. LUDOWICI poited by a strong voluntary re- that may be organised under the Association of Australia serve. aegis of the United Nations, it 1 SON LTD. insists that H.M. Government Consequently the Navy League Patron-in-Chief Hu Majesty The King must discharge its primary duty urges H.M. Government to do all to organise and maintain in col- in its power to maintain the laboration .with the Dominions New South Wales Section interest. Our Honorary Architect, for membership will be the pro- strength of the Fleet by the vol- although a very busy man, is very PIONEER LEATHER such forces as are necessary for We had quite a busy time dur- duction of your Service papers to untary recruitment of long-service pleased at any time to give you our own defence until such time ing the past month of April, it show you have served at least his advice when needed. Our BELTING officers and ratings supplemented being the 22nd Anniversary of twelve months in the Royal Navy, as the general forces of the Social and Welfare Officer is by an adequate and well-trained the formation of the New South Royal Australian Navy, Royal United Nations Organisation available at any time for your POWER TRANSMISSION Royal Naval Reserve and Royal Wales Section, and we had a Dominion Navies, W.R.N.S. or could corny to the assistance of benefit. If you are sick in hos- record crowd at our General Meet- the W.R.A.N.S. The entrance fee ENGINEERS Naval Volunteer Reserve. pital, let us know, and our Sick whatever part of the Dominions ing held on the 28th. The large is 7/6d. and the yearly subscrip- Visitor will be out to see you and tion is 14/-, payable in advance. Commonwealth Collaboration or Colonies might be attacked ac room was crowded out, over 300 help where necessary. Where to Join. any time. being present. After the business While the Navy League fully was completed we finished the Call at the Association Office, appreciates that the sovereign in- Lectures, entertainments, and 117 YORK ST. evening with first class harmony social functions are arranged reg- 1st Floor, 77 Pitt Street, Sydney, dependent states of the British and refreshments, and everyone ularly, and we hold a dance the or write to Box 3082, G.P.O., Syd- SYDNEY Commonwealth of Nations have present decided it was the best second Saturday in every month ney; Telephone No. BW 5036. evening they had haif for donkeys' their own several responsibilities at the I.O.O.F., 100 Clarencc The officc hours are 10 a.m. to years. Phona M 4341 in regard to Defence, it is of Ex-Naval Men's Association Street, City; and all members, 4 p.m. Monday to Friday, and 10 their wives and families, and their a.m. to 12 noon Saturday. (4 Lines) opinion that H.M. Government We have good news for mem- of Australia. bers now, and that is—we have friends are welcome and a good should take all possible steps con- night is assured. Our regular Monthly Meeting decided to purchase premises for is held on the fourth Monday in sonant with those individual and "The Navy" is now the Official our Headquarters; and, by the We endeavour to find employ- each month at 8 p.m. on the first regional authorities and responsi- time this appears in print we ex- ment for our members, and have floor of the I.O.O.F. Hall, 100 Organ of the Victorian Branch pect the contract will have been bilities to achieve the highest pos- been very successful in that Clarence Street, Sydney, where signed, and we will all have to sible measure of collaboration in of the above Association. This effort. you can meet old shipmates and get busy to bring our ambition to the Defence of the British Com- was decided at a general meet- have a good time. JAMES a head and have our own rooms On the death of a member we monwealth and Empire as a ing held in Melbourne on iri the centre of the city. ' give immediate financial assistance If you can form a sub-section in MUNRO whole.- to those who are left behind. your district, inform the State Sec- May 21st. The question has been asked: The Navy League welcomes, retary, and we will help to our PTY. LTD. i "Why should I join the Ex-Naval In fact, we do everything we utmost to get it going; and then • therefore, as a first step, H.M. Men's Association?" Well, here All Branches were invited last possibly can to help, and if you you coald hold monthly meetings Government's proposal that Unit- are some of the reasons:— have any useful suggestions as to in your own district. month to adopt "The Navy" how and where we can improve ed Kingdom Liaison officers Unity is strength, and all Ex- the assistance, we will be pleased We ask you to keep in mind should be appointed to each of as their official Organ and to Naval men and women should WOOD BENDERS to go fully into the matter and, our motto, and do your best to the Dominions and that Domin- band together to make their pres- send reports of their activities if feasible, adopt the suggestion. live up to it—"Each for all, and ence felt in the Commonwealth ion liaison officers should simi- How to Join. all for Each." If you honour larly be appointed to London for for publication each month. and help each other to make their that, you will be of assistance to >osition secure in civil life on the purpose of joining with the Get in touch with the Hon. all. In this way it is hoped that feaving the Service. We render State Secretary, Mr. R. Humphry, 172-194 WALKER ST. respective Chiefs of Staff in their assistance in every possible way 77 Pitt Street, Sydney, or Box Yours faithfully, study of regional security prob- "The Navy" will be able to to ease the lot of our old ship- REDFERN 3082, G.P.O., Sydney. Contact a GEO. B. DARLING, lems. present between the covers of mates, and do everything possible member of the Committee, or any to assist their families if in need. member of the Association; you State President. one magazine, everything of We have our Honorary Solicitor, United Nations will be able to tell him by the Phone: MX 1458 interest to both serving and who is always available and ever distinctive badge he wears. The R. HUMPHRY, Organisation |2 lines) ready to give advice in your own proof required for your eligibility State Secretary. ex-Naval men and women Though the Navy League re- /m 1947 * cognises that this country must be throughout Australia. > 1*9 i

The Nnr

A.. H E. WRIGHT HENRY SIMON (AUST.) & CO. LTD. Pty. Ltd. « , ON APBJL ZS. I908, ; • Engineers • tne AMEBICAM uHee.'SR PJI/i - BAMMED AMD SAWTC W. M S.CLAO- •1ATOK'IN THE SOLENT DUBING A BUNDING SNOVSTOBM. 148-152 Cleveland St. GROSE STREET, GLEBE, N.S.W. ®N APEIL 25.I-31®. TEN YEWS LATER TO TMC KKT Chippendale, Sydney MY. THE/'-SV: Paul HEEJSELF HEELED • Pneumatic and Mechanical Handling Plant for . . . CKES AND MUK, REASONS UN- -KNOWN, ALONGSIDE A NEVYOB*. PIER. GRAIN, COAL, OXIDES, ETC. — SCREENS — Sack Elevators and Conveyors SCREENS FOR MINING & the MiD-iatt cENiuar METAL GRADING, ETC. EVERY WABSHIP CAEBIED ' WIDOW'S MEN "- FICTITIOUS INDIVIDUALS -WHO DID NOT For all enquiries phone ... EXIST, BUT WHO \VEC6 OM THE SHIPFE BAY-BOLL. THEIC. MONTHLY PAY MX 3428-9 J. W. McGREGOR CO. ANO peize-MONEY WENT FOB THE UPKEEP OF GEEEMWICH SEAMENS WOOLBROKERS HOSPITAL. LONOOKJ //

* ENGLAND WAS AT TIMES A DAVEY'S FLOUR . . . 5 BOND STREET LAX."MisreEss OF THE SEAS"- IT IS ON EECOED THAT THE TOTAL OUTLAY ON THE MAVY Established in Australia JOB two re/ms EWOWG AUG. 31 SYDNEY W39 WAS £A/E»/R. for over 80 years. t .NELSON'S SECOND- R Suppliers to the R.A.N. N.S.W. -IN -COMMAND Petrol, Oil and other M.V. Moonta: Captain D. B. Australian United Steam S.S. Koomilya: Captain W. R. Storage and Dispensing If it's from . . . Tobin. Navigation Co. Ltd. Fellowes. Equipment. M.V. Minnipa: Captain B. H. S.S. Ormiston: Captain H. Raven. S.S. Kooliga: Captain E. H. Cole. MOR AN Buck. M.V. Corinda; Captain W. E. S.S. Koorayla: Captain H. T. John. M.V. Morialta: (Overhaul). Mortlock. Melbourne Steamship Co. Ltd. « S.S. Aldinga: Captain J. F. Heyen. S.S. Mildura: Captain D. J. Free- M.V. Dunttoon: Captain I. R. Telephones: AND S.S. Allara: Captain W. A. Waller. man. Lloyd. S.S. Arkaba: Captain R. J. S.S. Murada: Captain J. M. Little. S.S. Ellaroo: Captain D. G. Jones. JA 5251 Williamson. S.S. Mungana: Captain G. C. S.S. Lowana: Captain R. McLe- C ATO'S S.S. Aroona: Captain E. W. Evans. JA 5252 Smith. man. S.S. Barossa: Captain J. W. S.S. Bulimba: Captain G. Geddes. S.S. Mernoo: Captain J. Roberts. Sampson. M.V. Babinda: Captain S. A. Huddart Parker, Ltd. • S.S. Beltana: Captain N. S. Camp- Smith. M.V. Westralia: With R.A.N. IT MUST BE bell. S.S. Baralaba: Captain F. W. Reid. M.V. Wanganella: Captain R. Telegrams: S.S. Broadway: Captain G. V. Eastern and Australian Steamship Darroch. Eppcol, Melbourne GOOD Manuel. Co. Ltd. S.S. Adelong: Captain C. F. Wil- S.S. Bundaleer: Captain V. L. S.S. Nankin: Captain B. W. Dun. son. Adie. Australian Steamships Ltd. S.S. Barwon: Captain P. K. S.S. Bungaree: Captain F. J. Silva. S.S. Nellore: Captain H. C. G. Holthe. S.S. Dilga: Captain C. E. Goss. Stratford. S.S. Colac: Captain R. J. Webb. S.S. Dundula: Captain T. Minto. S.S. Eastern: Captain T. J. Mills. S.S. Corio: Captain W. G. Ferris. S.S. Kapara: Captain S. Benson. S.S. Aeon: Captain F. McRae. S.S. Goulburn : Captain J. Gilbert- AEON ... Washable Water Paste Paint M.V. Kaloora: Captain H. J. S.S. Age: Captain T. Johnson. Chapman. S.S. Caldare: Captain F. B. Bee- son. In White and a Full Range of Pastel Shades M.V. Momba: Captain D. D. ham. Broken Hill Pty. Ltd. Brushes out like a flat enamel. Unique in spreading and covering. Weather resisting. Thomas. S.S. Caledon: Captain L. T. An- S.S. Iron Baron: Captain J. W. Invaluable for walls, light wells and general decorative work. M.V. Mundalla: Captain D. Mor- derson. Hodson. Colour samples and information from the manufacturers: rison. S.S. Cycle: Captain A. S. Leche. S.S. Iron Duke: Captain J. S.S. Noora: Captain W. H. Boyle. S.S. Era: Captain J. MacSween. CHARLES ATKINS & SONS PTY. LTD. S.S. Oorama: Captain J. W. Flet- McLeod; 1-19 CLARENDON STREET, SOUTH MELBOURNE, S.C.4 cher. S.S. Lady Isobel: Captain J. C. C. S.S. Iron King: Captain F. W. R. Ridley. Tellick. Adelaide: Harris, Scarfs Pty. Ltd.Brisbane: Leonard Spence Pty. Lid. S.S. Quoma: Captain T. Richards. S.S. Ulooloo: Captain A. R. Alex- S.S. Macedon: Captain D. MacRae. S.S. Iron Knob: Captain A. ander. S.S. Time: Captain O. J. Edwards. McKenzie.

192 June, 1947 193

\ ' 1

S.S. Iron Master: Captain A. R. Baxter. Always ask for . .. S.S. Iron Monarch: Captain J. W. Miles. • SHELLEY'S SOFT DRINKS S.S. Iron Prince: Captain F. L. MAKE & MEND Wyatt. on Page 207 S.S. Iron Warrior: Captain D. J. SHELLEY & SONS CORDIAL Thomson. Captain E. J. Rob- FACTORY PTY. LTD. erts, relief. Murray St.. Marrickville, N.S.W. 2 »|* 1. and 25. Down. Two cables crossed Colonial Sugar Refining Co. Ltd. • 3 When both anchors are down (4 and S.S. Rona: Captain W. Murdoch. 6). A 3. "Whe: e there's a shackle thcrc'j a —»• S.S. Tambuna: Captain L. M. (7). Phones: LA 2431 & LA 2659 8. Bar of metal or wood (4). Collins. 9. One of the Cinque Ports (5). S.S. Fiona: Captain W. Noble. \ 11. — Bank, sandbank In the North Sea \> (6). 12. Last letter of the Greek alphabet (5). Interstate Steamships Ltd. 13. Piece of rope for making fast one thing • SHELLEY'S SOFT DRINKS to another (7). S.S. Echunga: Captain E. Macmil- A 15. Sheet —. for securing a rope to the eye of another (4). lan. 17. Double banked boat used for shore- KNOW YOUR STARS V going (6). James Patterson and Co. Pty. Ltd. 16. Part of & circle (3). All seamen should be able to recognize the 19. Cape (4). S.S. Dumosa: Captain A. Finlay- 21. Said of the cable when In line with the more important stars. Having studied the stays of the Bhlp (5). son. three constellations on this page, can you say 25. Call (4). (a) what they are? (b) which is the North 28. Aircraft Carrier (10). James Patrick and Co. Ltd. Star? and (c) Do you know alternative names 30. Large ropes (7). 32. Deed (3). S.S. Cardross: Captain C. F. Car- for No. 3? 33. Cruiser "London" Class (6). ter. 34. Empty cask (5), 35. Symbol (4). S.S. Caradale: Captain B. Paul. DO YOU KNOW O.S. SMITH S.S. Carlisle: Captain R. Menzies. 1. What size rope will a common In the following story concerning wood block take? O.S. Smith we have included some John Burke Ltd. 2. How is a block measured? alternative words. Cross out one word only from each italic group, S.S. Bidelia: Captain E. W. Han- 3. What do we use leading blocks for? and when you have finished look at son. 4. How many marks and deeps the end of this magazine and find S.S. Alagna: Captain A. C. Gray. are there in soundings by hand out whether you are right or lead line? wrong! O.S. Smith will appear S.S. Wandana: Captain A. Paul- ag^in. son. WHEN IT'S AN 5. Why do we "arm the lead"? 6. What is the weight of the Ordinary Seaman Smith got up Burns Philp hand lead? from the form/bench in his mess/ S.S. Marella: Captain A. Donald- 7. What is the difference between flat and put away his book on his locker/cupboard. He wanted to son. compass north and magnetic north called? take the air, so went forward/ M.V. Merkur: Captain A. W. 8. What do we mean by navig- forward to climb the gangway/lad- Blair. ation? der to the upper deck/quarterdeck. YOU START Looking round the harbour, he S.S. Montoro: Captain R. Duddell. 9. What do we mean by pilotage? noticed a ship sending/making a M.V. Malaita: Captain W. O. L. 10. What is a spring tide? signal by Morse/light. The wind 11. What is a neap tide? being rather cold, he went astern/ Wilding. 12. What do we mean when we Clues Down S.S. Morinda: Captain N. S. aft to a warm position abaft/be- say the wind is veering? hind the chimney/funnel. Suddenly Deckhouse over the boiler tops upon Bickle. he heard a pipe: "Away, motor- which the funnel rests (6). ORDER, PLEASE Large open flat-bottomed boat (7). S.S. Mangola: Captain W. D. boat's crew /"Away, motorboat." Small barrel for Holding salt meat (7 Colquhoun. H. GREEN PTY. LTD. Our printer has printed the Not being duty division/duty watch, and 4). wrong facts against the following he decided to go ashore with the British Naval Base (7). M.V. Muliama: Captain K. A. A tack in sailing to windward (3). BRASSFOUNDERS ships. Can you sort them out? share party/libertymen, so he went Period of tTme (3). Tochaur. below to change into his best Fresh w-tter fish (5).' S.S. Burnside: Captain S. Rothery. 1. Graf Svee.—Sunk by a torpedo clothes/ No. l's. Two hour watch (3). Specialists in . , . from the Dorsetshire, between To pay out chain (4). Tasmanian Steamships Pty. Ltd. Faroe Island and Greenland. Can be seen on the sun (8). CAMOUFLAGED — dock, for ship's Inspection and major S.S. Nairana: Captain R. Kerr. • ALUMINIUM, SILICON, ALLOY CASTINGS 2. Bismarck—Torpedoed by a U- 1. Ruhsas. repairs (3). S.S. Taroona: Captain N. M. Bon- boat, River Plate. 2. Gbrnoa. Fleet sweepers. — anchor, a floating anchor to prevent • ADMIRALTY GUNMETAL AND BRASS 3. Rawalpindi.—Scuttled, Scana 3. Sepewdlel. a ship drifting (3). netti. Flow. Drink (3). Australian and Oriental Line 4. Epbeoh. Flowing and ebbing (5). 16-20 BIRMINGHAM ST., ALEXANDRIA 4. Royal Oak.—Torpedoed by a U- 5. Knroflo. Small coaster (5). S.S. Changte: (Overhaul). boat, Atlantic. Cruisers. See 1 across. 6. Aynek. Destroyer "I" class (4). S.S. Taiping: Captain A. M. Tul- Phona: MU 2117 5. Courageous.—Sunk by Deutsch- 7. Ervneeg. Boatswain (5). land, about 400 miles off Brest. Battleships. Thong (4). loch. 8. Nmewo. To flt with tackle (3). The N«IJ June, 1947 195 ROYAL AUSTRALIAN NAVY NOTABLE NAMES MM? Sub-Branch, ILS.S. & A.l.L.A. By H. E. NEAL

The usual monthly meeting of effort, which was certainly an ex- the sub-Branch was held in the cellent one, on behalf of.the sub- I.O.O.F-. Building, 100 Clarence Branch. The Women's Auxiliary Street, City, on Tuesday, May are holding their first dance on 13th and was well attended with Friday, August 15th, in the Bene- 75 members being present. New volent Society's Hall, Thomas members enrolled for the month Street (near Central Railway). totalled 16 including 9 transfers Tickets arc- 3/- including supper, from other sub-Branches. and are obtainable from the Hon. Secretary, Mrs. F. B. O'Leary, 250 The main business of the meet- Old South Head Road, Wat'son's QHE ORIGINAL «.IU1£.'5«W/)''WAS A LIGHT CRUISER OF 5,400 TONS, ARMED WITH 8-6" GUNS AND 2-21" rata increase on all war pensions, SUBMERGED TORPEDO-TUBES. LAUNCHED IN THE UNITED KIMCOOM IN 1912, SHE JOINED THE AUSTRALIAN FUEET IN ing was the sub-Branch vote on Bay. Members and ex-Naval Men 1913, AND BECAME FAMOUS WHEN SHE DESTROYED THE GERMAN RAIDER"CMOtN "AT COCOS KEEUNC ISLAND, 9-II-I9W-... the question of widening the eli- and the other asking for an generally are invited to come gibility for membership of the amendment to the'War Gratuity along and support the ladies in FJHE OLD 'SYDNEY'PAID OFF Act, 1945, to allow an ex-Ser- AT GARDEN ISLAND IN $28 < R.S.L. to include all men who their efforts to raise funds which 'AND BROKEN UP 'N THE served not less than six months viceman to use part of his Gratu- will assist in the welfare of Naval FOLLOWING YEAR AT during the 1939-45 war, irrespec- ity for the purpose of furnishing men later. COCKATOO ISLAND DOCKYARD. tive of where they served. The a home. 'HT» TT>IPOD MAST AND FORE TOP WERE ERECTED ON I negative vote was carried with Employment. Those carpenters, BRADLEYS HEAD, SYDNEY / only two dissentients. The resig- The next sub-Branch "Smoko" electricians, engineers and tech- HARBOUR,-A FITTINC TRIB- I nation of Mr. R. A. S. Piatt as is still indefinite, due to the diffi- nicians of all kinds, interested in UTE TO A CAUANT SHIP... I Pensions and Rehabilitation Offi- culty still being experienced in employment in New Guinea, with cer was received and accepted with obtaining a suitable hall in the average wages ranging from £10- regret. It was dccided to dispense city. 12 per week, are asked to contact with that Office in the sub-Branch the Sydney Office of the New In the sporting world, now that in future, in view of the facilities Guinea Administration. Vacancy the cricket season has ended, mem- available at the present time, in also for a disabled ex-Naval Man bers are concentrating on the sub- regard 'to both Pensions and Re- as lift-driver and casual watch Branch Football Club Three habilitation. man. matches have been played to date, and our boys have yet to record Any serving or discharged Acting on a request from State their 'first win. Unfortunately member of the R.A.N., R.N., or Headquarters, a Liaison Officer, they are severely handicapped by Dominion Navies with the neces- to act in conjunction with Legacy the lack of a coach. If any reader was appointed. Mr. K. Bromley, of "THE NAVY" would care to sary service qualifications for who was clected to the position volunteer 10 coach the R.A.N. membership of the R.S.S. & 0FTER THE OUTBREAK OF WAA. IJ39. is a keen member, and it is felt sub-Branch Football Club, please A.l.L.A., and desirous of joining 'SYDNEY*S E RVED IN AUSTRALIAN WATERS that the sub-Branch will benefit contact Mr. G. F. Nolan, B 6528, UNTIL TRANSFERRED TO THE MEDITERR- the premier Naval sub-Branch in from this liaison with an organi- immediately. Such a gesture ANEAN IN MAY 19*0. SHE SAW MUCH sation such as Legacy, which is Australia, can contact the Sec-, ACTION WITH THE MEDITERRANEAN FLEET, would be greatly appreciated by doing a grand job for the children retary by writing Box 4556, BUT HER MOST FAMOUS EXPLOIT WAS.ON the CIUD. I9.7.I94O, WHEN.UNDER CAPTAIN JOHN of deceased ex-Scrvicemen. G.P.O., who will forward inform- COLLINS, SHE DESTROYED THE ITALIAN CRUISER'awOCCWO The newly formed sub-Branch ation immediately. The sub-Branch delegate and Women's Auxiliary did a grand "ffrottt K'FOUCHT HER LAST ACTION 300 MILES . alternate delegate to the R.S.S. & job for the sub-Branch on Tin The next General Meetings of OFF THE COAST OF W .AUSTRALIA ON I9-IW9+U A.l.L.A. Annual Stare Congress, Hat Day, April 24th. The ladies the sub-Branch will be held in the AG SHE OOOT TO IDENTIFY THE GERMAN < 1947 were elected, namely: acted as voluntary sellers and col- RAIDER"/ttV*"**®**,* THE RAIDER, DISGUISED A» I I.O.O.F. Building, 100 Clarence Messrs. H. E. Ncal and F. B. lected the amount of £146/18/0, A MERCHANTMAN, OffNED FIRE.CWPPUNC THE Street, .City (between King & CRUISER. 'SYOHIV SANK THE RAIDER , BUT O'Leary respectively. Two im- of which the sub-Branch Distress SHE HERSELF, BLAZING FURIOUSLY, DISAPPEAR®L^iSte p portant resolutions will be sub- Fund will benefit by 50 per cent, Barrack Streets) on Tuesday, June WTO THE NIGHT, NEVER TO BE HEARD OF SINCE. mitted by R.A.N. sub-Branch to df this amount. The Auxiliary 10th, July 8th and August 12th, SO ENDED THE CAREER Of A FINE SHIP, AND CO PERISHED HER GALLANT COMPANY OF 84S r«CN- Congress; one asking for a pro is to be congratulated on its first at 8 p.m. * Drawn Specially for "The Navy" lune, 1941 The N«T7 197, the High Command, of lack of in the past the percentage of ships co-operation between the Italian lost had reached a maximum of Services—especially between Navy 5%, in September it jumped to and Air — of shortage of fuel 18%. Like all our Naval officers, hampering or denying operations, he is outright anti-German." MERCANTILE MUTUAL GEO. CHEW LEE & CO. of general strong dislike of the November 22, 1941: "No posi- Insurance Coy. Ltd. German Allies, and, on the part HARVEST OF A REGIME. "The Ciano Diaries", by Galeazzo tive news about the Libyan battle PTY. LTD. an Australian Institution has bean of the High Command, and especi- Ciano, Count di Cortelazzo; with an introduction by Mr. Sumner . There is no doubt that the •« providing security for tha homes Welles. (Doubleday and Co. Inc., Garden City, New York, 1946.) ally of Mussolini, of a complete task of moving supplies is most failure to realise the significance of the people, its motto being difficult, and it is that which keeps as the one solely responsible for This document makes fascinat- of Sea Power and of the suicidal our hearts in our throats." ing reading. In'the day by day the plunging of Italy, against the "Service to the Public" policy of carrying on an overseas entries by Count Ciano, Italian known wishes of the Italian war without control of the sea September 2, 1942: "Rom-nel Foreign Minister duting • the people as a whole and many of SHIPPING CONTRACTORS Under the protection of Insurance communications. is halted in Egypt on account of period of the war up to the time of the highest officers, Service and Policies ships soil the oceans, land lack of fuel. Three of our oil the coup d'etat against Mussolini Civil, of the country, firstly into and air transport move*., men work, Again and again these matters tankers have been sunk in two • and homes and factories are built in 1943, there unfolds a picture a disastrous alliance with Ger- and safeguarded. Injuries are com- of the mctanfholy reaping of the many, and secondly into a war appear in the Diary, as some ex- days. Cavallero" — Count Ugo pensated and distress relieved. harvest of the Fascist regime. It which many of them saw could tracts show: Cavallero, Army Officer and poli- Insurance is a contract of was a poor harvest. Like Ciano have but one result. tician, Chief of Staff after the himself, it was the product of his July 13, 1940: "The real con- In his Diary (again to quote resignation of Badoglio — "main- good faith. times and (to quote Mr. Welles) troversy in the matter of naval from the excellent introduction • Wholesale and Retail "the times in which he had his conflicts is not between us and tains that this will not change the Our funds are used to assist in the by Mr. Sumner Welles) Count being are the least admirable man- course of operations, and that development of the Country and Ciano "shows himself precisely the British but between our avia- with our properties are held in kind has known for many cen- other means will be found to for- Greengrocers what he was in life, the amoral tion and our Navy. Admiral trust for the protection of our Policy turies." ward gasoline. Instead of the oil Holders. product of a wholly decadent Cavagnari maintains that our air Count Ciano wrote with a period in Italian, and for that action was completely lacking tankers which are too easily iden- • Market Gardeners frankness that is rather surprising .matter, in European history. To during the first phase of the en- tified, ordinary boats and hospital in view of the fact that the him morality in international re- ships can be used. (This is an old counter" — Calabria — "but that • Fruit Merchants Fire, Marine, Accident, Motor Car Diary's existence was not secret to lations did not exist. He was system that goes well as long as it wholly seized of the concept that when it finally came ic was dir- and himself. Mussolini, who emerges goes well.)" from its pages as a pitiful figure only might makes right. ected against our own ships, • Produce Merchants Householders', House-Owners dancing Ego-driven down the which for six hours withstood the The question whether the Ital- And so the sorry tale unfolds. (Combined) Insurance pathway to destruction along ian people should be consulted bombardment of our airplanes. It is that of a country driven which he led his hapless people, • Importers • Exporters Oops, Stacks, Fencing, Pluvius before the nation was plunged Other information also gives the knew of it. There are references to ruin under the sway of a Dic- All Classes of Agricultural into war, since it would be they lie to the glowing reports of our in its entries to his asking Ciano tator living in a completely unreal who would make the sacrifices in- Insurance if it were being kept up to date, air force. I confess that I am world of theatrical dreams; of a volved, simply did not occur to and one peculiarly revealing en- incredulous too. Mussolini, on him. Foreign Secretary who saw clearly • try which was made at his ex- the other hand, is not. Today he where the road led but, shackled "Yet where he showed himself iressed wish. It tells of Musso- said that within three days the by environment and the limita- Head Office: far superior to the man who was fini's reception of the news of the Italian Navy has annihilated 30% death of Neville Chamberlain. his father-in-law, his political tions of his morality, was power- of the British naval potential in 117 PITT STREET. SYDNEY "He has," was his observation— chief, and finally his executioner, less to act until it was too lite; the Yeference being to Mr. Cham- was in his ability to see clearly the Mediterranean. Perhaps this of a crowd of self-seeking harpies SELWYN KING, Head Office: Managing Director. berlain's comment on Hitler when where Italy's real security lay. He is somewhat exaggerated." flourishing in a corrupt adminis- appears to have had no illusions Germany invaded Norway—"defi- tration; of a supine population; 19 LACKEY STREET nitely missed the bus." And he from the time of the German Agencies in all Suburban and Country October 1, 1041: "A conference and of a Navy—the only possible was, Ciano records, so pleased occupation of Austria as to the HAYMARKET Centres throughout the Commonwealth with Admiral Ferreri. He is con- where all classes-of Insurance can be with his wit that he told Ciano danger inherent to Italy in Ger- sure sword and buckler of a mari erranged by eny of the Company's 4000 to be sure to record it in his Diary. man ambitions and in the exten- cerned about the fate of Libya, time nation with overseas commit- Phone: MA 2383 Agents treined to give sion of Hitler's sway. especially if the sinkings of our ments — rendered impotent by In spite of this knowledge of ' "Sarvica to the Public" the Dictator, Mussolini appears On the Naval side, the Diary merchant ships continue to be as lack of faith in its cause and heart throughout the pages of the Diary gives a picture ^of ineptitude in numerous at in September. While in its job.

I9» The Navy June, 1947 t 199 Naval Appointments Etc. * EMERGENCY LIST Transfer to Retired List.—Commander (S) Eric Kingsford-Smith PERMANENT NAVAL FORCES OF THE COMMONWEALTH is transferred to the Retired List, dated 27th February, 1947; David MUTUAL LIFE Sea-going Forces Victor Stratton, Commissioned Gunner, is transferred to 'he Retired Time for a List, dared 11th February, 1947. Appointments.—Lieutenant Alexander Hugo Evelyn Hood is ap- & CITIZENS' pointed on loan from the Royal Navy (Exchange Officer), with seni- Termination of Appointment.—The appointment of David Victor ority in rank of 16th May, 1941, dated 5th March, 1947; the Reverend Stratton, Commissioned Gunner, for temporary service is terminated, ASSURANCE Kevin Patrick Ellis is appointed Chaplain (on probation), dated 20th dated 10th February, 1947. CAPSTAN March, 1947; the Reverend Frederick George Kyte is appointed Tem- porary Chaplain (on probation), dated 17th February, 1947; George CO. LTD. William Royston (Surgeon Lieutenant (D), Royal Australian Naval RETIRED LIST Reserve), is appointed Surgeon Lieutenant (D) for temporary service, Termination of Appointments.—The appointment of Commander with seniority in rank of 1st November, 1945, dated 1st August, 1946. (Acting Captain) Harvey Mansfield Newcomb is terminated on re- SociaCAPSTAl M.LNO version to the Royal Navy, dated 4th February, 1947; the appointment Promotions.—Sub-Lieutenant (E) George Angus Bennett is pro- of George Allen Standen, Commissioned Mechanician, for temporary it moted to the rank of Acting Lieutenant (E), dated lsr November, service is terminated, dated 17th February, 1947. 1946; Lieutenant (S) Walter Henry Ross is promoted to the rank of Acting Lieutenant-Commander (S), dated 1st February, 1947; CASTLEREAGH Sub-Lieutenant (S) Max baker is promoted to the rank of Lieutenant CITIZEN NAVAL FORCES OF THE COMMONWEALTH (S), dated 1st March, 1947; Thomas Victor Dicks, official number Royal Australian Naval Reserve (Sea-Going) STREET 20552, and Reginald Thomas Green, official number 23614, Chief Engine Room Artificers, arc promoted to the rank of Warrant Engin- Fixing Rates of Pay.—Temporary Engineer Lieutenant William AND eer (Acting), dated 17th February, 1947; Robert Arthur May, Chief Humphreys is paid the rates of pay and allo*ances prescribed in the Petty Officer Radio Mechanic, officiil number 19068, is promoted Naval Financial Regulations for Temporary Engineer Lieutenant- CAPSTAN: THE EMPIRE'S MARTIN PLACE to the rank of Warrant Electrician (Acting) (Provisional), dated Commander (on promotion), whilst acting in that rank, dated 27th 29th January, 1947; Kenneth Colston Eames. Temporar Schoolmaster February, 1947. FAVOURITE CIGARETTE SYDNEY Candidate (on probation), is promoted to the rank of Temporary Schoolmaster (on probation), dated 26th February, 1946. Royal Australian Naval Reserve

Confirmation in Rank.—Acting Lieutenant Cecil James Cochran is Promotion.—Sub-Lieutenant William Martin Featherstone is pro- confirmed In the rank of Lieutenant, with seniority in rank of 9th moted to the rank of Lieutenant (Provisional), dated 1st March, 1947. March, 1940, dated 1st January, 1947; Acting Lieutenant James Hume J. A. D. GIBSON is confirmed in the rank of Lieutenant, with seniority in rank of 28th Transfer to Retired List.—Lieutenant Thomas Richard Prior is THE M.L.C. FOR December, 1945, dated 5th December, 1946; Henry Thomas Blake, transferred to the Retired List, dated 17th January, 1947. & CO. LTD. Gunner (Acting), is confirmed in the rank of Gunner, with seniority ^ YOUR in rank of 22nd February, 1946; Alec Russell Ryan, Temporary War- rant Engineer (Acting) (Provisional), is confirmed in the rank of Royal Australian Naval Volunteer Reserve LIFE* ASSURANCE 364-372 KENT ST. Temporary Warrant Engineer (Provisional), with seniority in rank Promotion.—Sub-Lieutenant (A) Duncan Nixon Caldwell is pro- of 18th April, 1945; Kenneth Colston Fames, Temporary School- moted to the rank of Lieutenant (A), dated 24th March, 1946. SYDNEY master (on probation)' is confirmed in the rank of Temporary Schoolmaster, with seniority in rank of 23rd October, 1945; Lyell Confirmation jn'Rank.—Sub-Lieutenant (A) (on probation) Dun- TEA & COFfEE Adolphe Bock and Edward George Cyril Stokes, Warrant Writer can Nixon Caldwell is confirmed in the rank of Sub-Lieutenant (A), MERCHANTS Officers (Acting), are confirmed in the rank of Warrant Writer with seniority in rank of 24th March, 1944. • Officer, with seniority in rank of 1st February, 1946; Leslie Arthur Hitchin, Temporary Warrant Stores Officer (Acting) (Provisional), is Transfer to Retired List.—Lieutenant-Commander William James confirmed in the rank of Temporary Warrant Stores Officer (Pro- Pascoe is transferred to the Retired List, dated 17th January, 1947. GIBSON'S visional), with seniority in rank of 10th November, 1945. GREEN M.L.C. Royal Australian Naval Nursing Service LABEL Transfer to Emergency List.—Lieutenant (E) Alec Nairn, M.B.E., TEA is transferred to the Emergency List and reappointed for temporary Appointments.—Catharina Hendrica Aarsen and Nancy Slattery are appointed Sisters, dated 29th January, 1947, and 18th February, service, dated 31st January, 1947. 1947, respectively; Annie Gloria Burke and Pauline Margaret Overehu STOCKED BY ALL are appointed Sisters, dated 17th February, 1947.—(Ex, Min. No. 18— GROCERS Terminatioa of Appointment.—The appointment of Lieutenant Approved 23rd April, 1947.) Derek Richard Spooner is terminated on reversion to the Royal Navy, Specialists in Built Supplies dated 24th March, 1947. i W. J. E. RIORDAN, Minister for the Navy. June, 1947 200 Tke Navy 201 J About Some Admlrtlt predecessors, were required to that Lord Cranborne coupled with ContJ. from Pafr 171 the high command in the Pacific, Lord Cunningham's when he but the success that attended the pressed for the inclusion of the cause that long chase was so wide-flung operations was as much names of the principal comman- crammed with strategical and tac- - WILHELMSEN LINE due to a personality that was able ders in the motion of thanks to tical factors. But perhaps the to impress itself on the American the Services in the House of (Norwegian Australian Line) most important factor was that all Commanders-in-Chief. Lords. The scope, importance those in the many detached squad and victorious operations of his HOTEL rons knew exactly what their Ad- Any historical account of the Regular Services maintained with fast motor vessels. command will certainly include miral expected of them and few Second World War, however him in the small band of leaders signals were passed. Another much compressed, will throw in- who will be given an abiding - For further particulars, apply: Band of Brothers. to high relief the great amphibi- PLAZA i place in history. For the same reason officers and ous operations because it is they and they alone that secured the men wanted nothing better than The historian, whether writing WILH. WILHELMSEN AGENCY PTY. LTD. final victory. to go to sea under the flag of for the schoolboy or the student, WYNYARD STATION Admiral of the Fleet Sir James 63 PITT ST., SYDNEY Eisenhower is an imperishable will not be true to his calling if Sqmerville. Cunningham and name, but the British Admiral he fails to emphasize that, though Tovey were both seamen with a who organized the armadas and make decisions in the same num- 51 WILLIAM ST., MELBOURNE seaman's eye trained by long ser- who became 'he acknowledged ber of seconds as hours or days in George St. vice in destroyers. Somervillt, master of amphibious warfare wilj earlier wars, and, despite the un- with his scientific bent, was in the surely always be mentioned when precedented strain borne by their early months starting radar on its the historian comes to Dunkirk, personnel, were by their character Sydney meteoric development, but soon North Africa, Sicily, Italy, and and their appeal as masters of came the complex task of immobi- Normandy. their profession able to lead into lizing the French Fleet at Oran every battle a Band of Brothers. The "BEST" Picture of the Year and after that three major convoy Great skill in organizing, pro- operations in the Mediterranean, fessional knowledge and leader- 9 Academy Awards the bombardment of Genoa, the ship were all at a premium on chase of the Bismarck and the first these great occasions and Admiral Samuel Goldwyn's attempt to stem the Japanese move Sir Bertram Ramsay possessed into the Indian Ocean. And in them in abundant measure. "THE BEST YEARS each case we see that eye for OF OUR LIVES" modern battle, that power to make To stop there may seem to be instantaneous decisions, that bal- ignoring the just claims for in- INTERNATIONAL DRINKS AVAILABLE anced judgment on major issues, clusion of such men as Sir Max i Starring Horton, who won the Atlantic and, always, that not easily de- COMBUSTION WITH MEALS FREDRIC MARCH — MYRNA LOY — TERESA WRIGHT fined power of leadership. Battle; Sir Edward Syfret, of Mad- agascar and Mediterranean con- DANA ANDREWS — VIRGINIA MAYO Admiral Sir Bruce Fraser after voys; Sir Bernard Rawlings, who (A/SIA) successfully competing with what commanded the Eastern Fleer; and o Released through R.K.O. Radio Pictures was perhaps the most arduous Sir Philip Vian, who perhaps saw PTY. LTD. task that fell to any man—the more fighting than anyone. But, COMING SOON! building up of a great fleet from judging by precedent and remem- • small beginnings—was privileged bering the vast scale of the Army to employ with resounding success and Air operations and the scores the very instruments he had of Generals and Air Marshals who brought into service when he at achieved great distinction, it can- totter and British . . . last brought the Scharnhorst to not be expected that John Citi- 247 GEORGE ST., A. F. PARER battle. That was a perfect example zen a hundred years hence will, HOFFMAN " " TIMKEN " of the co-ordination of all arms on being questioned, be able to SYDNEY, Ball Mid Roller Tapered Roller Bearings and of just that extra skill that name any but those who held the Licensee is found only in a perfectly train- supreme commands in the. three N.S.W. ed fleet manned by* a Band of Services. BEARING SERVICE CO. OF AUST. PTY. LTD. Brothers. With his profound 38 WENTWORTH AVENUE, SYDNEY knowledge of administration and Mention of the three Services proved powers as a sea-comman- inevitably brings to mind another Phona: B5669 'Phona: M 6038. MA64II der he was the natural choice for supreme commander—Lord Louis faced far greater odds than their Mountbatten. It was his name

MS / The Navy Jaw, 1947 r

Saa AffmUt Contd. from Pace 178 40 tons, which have been given Another ship of the Turkish GOOD THINGS Polish names with meanings such Navy which has been renamed as acute, brave, brisk, rapid, etc. is the Istanbul, originally the JAPAN A couple of motor torpedo boats French oiler Adour. She is now METAL The heavy cruiser "Takao", have also been acquired from known as the Akar, and her pre- MANUFACTURES which fell into British hands in Russia. vious name has been transferred damaged condition at Singapore to a fleet auxiliary purchased in LTD. when the Japanese forces there America, the Mexico, of 5,236 Port Kembla, N.S.W. •(JSSIA surrendered in 1945, was scuttled tons gross. The latter was orig- outside the port on 27th October, Makers of: It is understood that, under the inally launched in 1932 as the Non-Ferrous Wir. and Strend.d TO COME 1946. Colombia. terms of the loan to the Soviet Conductors, Tub.,, T.l.phon« Thara'll be dainties by tha scora ... and rich variaty la The shattered hull of the fleet Navy of the battleship "Arkhan- Cablet, Braid.d Wir. and CabUa, flavour . . . whan Joyca Biscuits coma back. So, watch for "Shiretoko"), of 14,050 tons, *»c. gelsk" (ex-H.M.S. "Royal Sove- U.S. A. • which was sunk inside the float- reign"), the ship has to be re- auxiliary "Siretoko" (also spelled turned to this country as soon as Particulars were recently re- ing dock at the Singapore naval leased by the Navy Department SELLING AGENTS the various ships surrendered by (with Distributors in all States') base, has been recovered by a sal- Italy under the Peace Treaty have of personnel losses during the Wir., C.bl»s, ate. vage party. Originally an oiler, been divided between the Navies period from 7th December, 1941, JOYCj/flSCUITS .this ship had been rebuilt with to 1st January, 1947. The total BRITISH INSULATED CASUS of Britain, the United States and two tripod masts, increased beam Russia. Thus it should not be number dead and missing amoun- LTD. and extra accommodation, to serve long before the Royal Sovereign ted to 88,939, of which 62,548 B4-M William St., M.lb. as a depot ship for midget sub- belonged to the U.S. Navy, Kembla Bldg., Sydney. hoists the White Ensign again. Tub.s and Brass Wir. THE marines. She is believed to be at Mur- 24,479 to the Marine Corps and mansk. 1,912 to the Coast Guard. KNOX SCHLAPP « CO. Collins Hous., M.lb. \ORWAY SOUTH BRITISH INSURANCE The ex-German cruiser Nurn- K.mbla Bldg., Sydney. Commodore J. E. Jacobsen, berg, of 6,000 tons, is reported CO. LTD. O.B.E., doyen of the foreign to have been renamed Makarov, Naval attaches in London, is re- after the admiral who lost his turning to Norway, having been life at Port Arthur when his flag- • FIRE • MARINE • ACCIDENT relieved by Commodore H. Hen- ship, the battleship Petropavlovsk driksen, former naval equerry to was sunk by Japanese mines on His Majesty King Haakon VII. THE SOUTH BRITISH INSURANCE CO. LTD. 13th April, 1904. Ah able leader, AARONS Commodore Jacobsen, who was he became a popular hero in Russia OCEAN RACE appointed Naval Attache on 16th EXCHANGE as far back as 1877, as a result The Committee of the Royal April, 1940, will be greatly HUNTER & O'CONNELL STS. of his exploits as a young lieu- Prince Alfred Yacht Club extends HOTEL missed by his many friends in this tenant against the Turkish fleet an invitation to members of the country. It is reported that he in the Black Sea. Royal Naval Sailing Association I GRESpAM STREET SYDNEY, N.S.W. will take his final departure at the to enter their yachts in a race end of May. He will then as- SYDNEY Last year the Russians returned round Montague Island and re- sume command of the Norwegian to the United States Coast Guard turn to Sydney commencing on sea-going fleet. two icebreakers, the Northwind Friday, 3rd October, 1947. and Westwind, which were known during their temporary service in rOLAXB The distance is approximately Only tha Bast Brands the Soviet Navy as the Severtlii 350 sea miles and under normal Stocked. For the utmost in Value and Variety .. . Warships transferred to the Veter and the Severnii Polius, re- circumstances the race should be Polish flag by the Soviet Navy do spectively completed within three days. Dining Room not appear to be of much import- SHOP AT Unsurpassed. ance. They include nine motor In addition to a trophy to be minesweepers of 130 tons, names Tl'IKEY awarded the winning yacht, £100 has been allocated as prizes. "Albatross", "Czapla", "Jaskolka", The minelayer Yuzbasi Hakki, COLES "Jastrzab", "Kania", "Kondor", buik by Messrs. Thornycroft for The conditions governing this AARONS "Kormoran", "Krogulec" and the Turkish Navy in 1940, has r«ce will be furnished on ap- EXCHANGE 86 Busy Stores throughout Australia "Orlik"—all bird names; and a been renamed Torgud Reis, after plication to the Branch Secretar- dozen so-called submarine chasers, a famous admiral of the days iat of the Royal Naval Sailing HOTEL wooden motor launches of about when Turkey was the principal Association, Box No. 1, Post maritime power in the Levant. Office, EdgeclifT The Navy ina 1*47 tos 10, Veer; 14, Sunspots; 16, Try; 20, Sea; 22, Ale; 23, Tidal; 24, Answers to Naval Quia Smack; 26 Ilex; 27, Bosun; 29, It is wonderful the different Lash; 31, Rig. POOLE & STEEL LTD. to your health which is made 1. Point Hicks, Victoria, the 5. The Sudan War in 1884. by an occasional dose of— ORDER, PLEASF. first point of land sighted from, Her Majesty's Ships "Victoria", 43 STEPHEN ST., BALMAIN "Albert", and "Childers". 1. Graf Spee. — Scuttled, Rivet- the "Endeavour" on April 19, Plate. HALLAM'S 1770, and so named by Cook after N.S.W. 6. To l ord Charles Beresford, 2. Bismarck. — Sunk by torpedo Lieutenant Zachary Hicks, who from the Dorsetshire, about on the occasion of his close en- was on watch at the time. It was 400 miles off Brest. General Engineers, Boilermakers, Shipbuilders, Dredge Builders "Prescription U9" gagement of Fort Marabout by later renamed Cape Everard, out 3. Rawalpindi.—Sunk by Deutsch- his small gunboat "Condor", in land between Faroe Islands and Plans, Specifications and Estimates prepared Pills of compliment to a Victorian the bombardment of Alexandria, Greenland. for Mining Dredges and Plant of all kinds. politician of the 1860"s. Bottles l/l & 3/3 July, 1882. 4. Roi/al Oak.—Toi|iedoed by U- • boat, Scapa Flow. Electric Welding and Oxy-Acetylene Work. 2. On March 26, 1859, when 5. Courageous.—Torpedoed by U- 7. Thomas Fleming was the Captain William Loring hoisted boat in the Atlantic. English sea captain who sighted his Blue Pendant as Commodore the Andalusian Squadron of 15 Telegrams: 2nd Class in H.M.S. "Iris", as DO YOl' KNOW? galleons commanded by Pedro de HALLAM PTY. LTD. Senior Officer of Her Majesty's 1. One-third its size. Valdes off the Lizard on July 19, "POOLSTEEL," BALMAIN, N.S.W. Ships on the Australian Station 2. Along the .--core from crown to Dispensing Chemists 1588, and sailed to Plymouth with tail. independently of the Commander- news of the arrival of the Spanish 3. First: to ensure that the rope in-Chief in India. is being led in the best direc- 312 Georige St. Armada. tion so as not to strain the (opp. Wynyard Stall Jfi) ' 3. The "Thermopylae" of the gear. Second: to ensure hav- 8. The first was John Beaufort. Aberdeen Line, London to Mel- ing a suitable lead so that Earl of Somerset, natural son of A.-O. LINE bourne 60 days. "Thermopylae ". cadets can man the rope. and 12 Branch Pharmacies in John of Gaunt, appointed in 4. Nine marks and 11 deeps. of 948 tons, was built by Walter 1406. The last was the Duke of 5. To ascertain the nature of the AFTER WAR SERVICE" City and Suburbs Hood of Aberdeen in 1868 to the Clarence (afterwards King Wil- sea bed. design of Mr. Bernard Waymouth 6. 10 to 14 lb. Now Refitting Prior to liam IV) who was deprived of the and Mr. Cornelius Thompson. 7. Deviation. great post by Wellington in 1828. 8. Taking a ship from one place Re-entering Australia ' Far Eastern Service Her best day's run was 358 miles. to another, out of sight of land. 9. From William Dampier, who 9. Taking a ship from one place t 4. Lieutenant Thomas Fletcher to another, when land or navi- S.S. "CHANGTE" S.S. "TAIPING" sighted it from the "Roebuck" in gational marks are in sight. Waghorn, famous as the pioneer March, 1700. ". . . this East-Land of the "Overland Route" to the 10. The highest high waters. Australia - Philippine Islands Hong Kong - Japan A. REYROLLE does not join New Guinea, there- 11. The lowest high waters. East across Europe and Egypt fore I named it Nova-Britannia. 12. The wind shifting clockwise. Ferdinand de Lesseps, referring to The North-West Cape, I called AUSTRALIAN-ORIENTAL LINE LTD. (Inc. in Hong Kong) ft CO. LTD. Waghorn at a banquet in Paris Cape Glocester . . ." (Dampier's O.S. SMITH celebrating the completion of the "A Voyage to New Holland".) The following words are correct: G. S. YUILL & CO. PTY. LTD. (Inc. in England^ Suez Canal, said: "He it was who Bench; mess; locker; for'ard; Managing Agents first conceived the idea; it was his 10. Vice-Admiral Sir William ladder; upper deck; making; light; indomitable courage and great aft; abaft; funnel; "Away, motor- Creswell, K.C.M.G.. R.A.N., who boat's crew"; duty watch; liberty- 6 Bridge Street, SYDNEY perseverance, which led him on was First Naval Member from men; No. l's. to prove its practicability." 1911 to 1919. ELECTRICAL CAMOUFLAGED 1. Hussar, ENGINEERS 2. Bangor. Cruisers. Answers to Make and Mend 3. Speedwell. WATSON'S PARAGON HOTEL 4. Phoebe. CROSSWORD SOLUTION 5. Norfoik. Battleships. Circular Quay KNOW YOUR STARS 6. Kenya. (o) 1, Southern Cross; 2, Orion ACROSS.—1, Foul Hawse; 3, and his sword; 3, The Plough. Thimble; 8, Rail; 9, Dover; 11, p. Revenge. Scottish HOMM (6) The top star in our diagram Dogger; 12, Omega; 13, Lashing; I. Renown. Fleet sweepers. Mo. 3 (a line drawn through IS, Bend; 17, Cutter; 18, Arc; 19, BRIDGE ST., SYDNEY the two end stars of the Big Ness; 21, Astay; 25, Hail; 28, Dipper points to the tail star Implacable; 30, Hawsers; 32, Act; B 4223 Telephone B4223 N.S.W. of the Little Dipper, which is 33, Sussex; 34, Shake; 35, Sign. the North or Pole Star), DOWN.—1, Fidley; 2, Lighter; 4, (e) Big and Little Dipper, The Harness Cask; 5, Mombasa; 6, Plough, Big and Little Bear. Leg; ,7, "Era; 8. Roach; 9, Dog; 19*7 107 AUSTRAL BRONZE COCKATOO DOCKS COMPANY PTY. BIRT & COMPANY F. W. HUGHES ROBERT HENDERSON & ENGINEERING LIMITED (PTY.) LIMITED Established 1914 PTY. LTD. CO. PTY. LTD. 4 BRIDGE STREET, SYDNEY, • Head Office and Works: ORIORDAN ST.. ALEXANDRIA, N.S.W. WOOLLEN MILLS LTD. SYDNEY. • • Contractors to . . . P.O. Box 544 B G.P.O. MANUFACTURERS OF: H.M. AUSTRALIAN NAVY • Copper Rods and Bars; Busbars Shipbuilders, for Electrical Work; Manganeso Botany Bronze Rods; Bars and Ingots: Ex- Marine truded Brass. Architectural Bronze. THE SILK STORE Also at: and and Muntz's Melal and Copper in Round. Square. Hexagon and 64 Eagle Street, Brisbane; General Engineers. Special Sections; Copper Plates Alexandria 156 PITT STREET and Rolled Copper Anodes, Alum- Inquiries Invited. Musgrave Cold Stores, inium Bronze Rods and Bars, • Stanley St., South Brisbane. Copper. Brass. Gilding Melal. • • SYDNEY Phosphor Bronze and Nickel Silver in Sheets and Strip. COCKATOO ISLAND Muntz Metal and Naval Brass ' 30 GROSVENOR STREET SYDNEY Condenser Plates. Sheets and SHIPPING SYDNEY Sheeting. • and Phone: WB 1941 Branch Office: Telephone: B 7224 (10 lines) GENERAL AGENTS CHAS. E. BLANKS PTY. LTD. 101-103 KINS STREET. i MELBOURNE THEATRE ADVERTISING SPECIALISTS 15 CASTLEREAGH STREET, SYDNEY

Producers of Advertising, Documentary and Featurette Films. GLOBEX S. HOFFNUNG BOB LICCIARDO Our Disc Recording Studio caters for reproduction of Vocal, & CO. LTD. VICKERY Instrumental and Personal messages. BEEF EXTRACT • Leading Fruiterer BROS. Special reduction to Students. For appetising flavour, strength- building nourishment and economy CLARENCE STREET • in use . . . you can't beat GLOBEX It contains the full SYDNEY Ring B 6748 (5 linos) for information. strength and concentrated essence Finest quality Fruit and of the primest beef and it is Vegetables. m^de in a second. • Special Rates for Guest Try it for soups, gravies, nourish- WHO ing beef tea. and it makes really Houses, Hospitals, and WISH delicious sandwiches . . . but Institutions. • spread it thinly. THE 4 BRIDGE ST. A. BAGLEY & SON • SYDNEY "THE BOOT STORE" NAVY 91 Toorak Rd., S.l OBTAINABLE FROM ALL LEAGUE 211-213 BEAMISH STREET CHEMISTS AND STORES EVERY M E L B O U R N*E CAMPSIE SUCCESS I, 2, 4 and 8 oz. jars or 4 and 8 • WIN. 5150 or. containers. Phono: LF3I83

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