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Overdose Deaths in BC January 1, 2008 – January 31, 2018

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Overdose Deaths in BC January 1, 2008 – January 31, 2018 Illicit Drug Overdose Deaths in BC January 1, 2008 – January 31, 2018 This report summarizes all unintentional illicit drug overdose deaths in British Columbia (accidental and undetermined) that occurred between January 1, 2007, and January 31, 2018, inclusive. It includes confirmed and suspected illicit overdose deaths. Please note that data is subject to change as investigations are concluded. Inclusion Criteria: The illicit drug overdose category includes the following: • Street drugs (Controlled and illegal drugs: heroin, cocaine, MDMA, methamphetamine, illicit fentanyl etc.). • Medications not prescribed to the decedent but obtained/purchased on the street, from unknown means or where origin of drug not known. • Combinations of the above with prescribed medications. Summary • There were 125 suspected drug overdose deaths in January 2018. This is a 12% decrease over the number of deaths occurring in January 2017 (142) and a 25% increase over the number of deaths occurring in December 2017 (100). • The number of illicit drug overdose deaths in January 2018 equates to about 4 deaths per day for the month. • In January 2018, 50% of those dying were aged 19 to 39; individuals aged 19-59 have accounted 94% of illicit drug overdose deaths. Males accounted for 82% of all suspected illicit drug overdose deaths over the same period. • The three townships experiencing the highest number of illicit drug overdoses in January 2018 are Vancouver, Surrey, and Victoria. • Fraser and Vancouver Coastal Health Authority have had the highest number of illicit drug overdose deaths (35 and 37 deaths, respectively) in January 2018, making up 58% of all illicit drug overdose deaths during this period. • Vancouver Coastal Health Authority has the highest rate of illicit drug overdose deaths (37 deaths per 100,000 individuals) followed by Interior Health Authority (32 deaths per 100,000 individuals) in 2017. Overall, the rate of illicit drug overdose deaths in BC was 30 deaths per 100,000 individuals in 2017. • Rates of illicit drug overdose deaths are highest in Vancouver, Okanagan, Fraser East, Central Vancouver Island, and North Vancouver Island Health Services Delivery Areas. • All health authorities except Northern Health Authority saw an increase in the number of illicit drug overdose deaths in January 2018 compared to December 2017. • 94% of illicit drug overdose deaths occurred inside (64.8% private residences, 29.6% other inside locations) and 5% occurred outside in vehicles, sidewalks, streets, parks, etc. • There were no deaths at supervised consumption or drug overdose prevention sites. Ministry of Public Safety & Solicitor General Posting Date March 6, 2018 Office of the Chief Coroner Metrotower II, Suite 800 4720 Kingsway, Burnaby BC V5H 4N2 Phone: 604 660-7745 Fax: 604 660-7766 Page 1 of 20 BC Coroners Service Illicit Drug Overdose Deaths in BC January 1, 2008 to January 31, 2018 • This figure illustrates the comparison of illicit drug overdose deaths to other common causes of unnatural deaths from 2010 to 2017. Major Causes of Unnatural Deaths in BC 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 Deaths 600 400 200 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Illicit Drug Suicide Motor vehicle incident Homicide • More fatal overdoses occurred during the days following income assistance payment (Wed- Sun) than all other days in 2017-18. Income assistance payment dates can be found at https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/family-social-supports/income-assistance/payment- dates. Fatal Illicit Drug Overdoses per Day by Income Assistance Payment Week, 2017-18[2] Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Avg Income Assistance Payment Week 6.8 4.0 7.6 8.6 7.0 4.8 5.6 3.6 4.6 5.6 5.0 5.2 5.7 (Wed-Sun) All other days of 3.8 4.3 4.4 3.7 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.0 2.8 3.1 2.9 3.8 3.5 the month Total 4.3 4.2 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.7 3.9 3.1 3.1 3.5 3.2 4.0 4.0 Type of Drugs: Posting Date March 6, 2018 Page 2 of 20 BC Coroners Service Illicit Drug Overdose Deaths in BC January 1, 2008 to January 31, 2018 • Preliminary data suggests that the proportion of illicit drug overdose deaths for which illicit fentanyl was detected (alone or in combination with other drugs) was approximately 67% in 2016 and 83% in 2017. • Illicit fentanyl–detected deaths appear to account for the increase in illicit drug overdose deaths since 2012 as the number of illicit drug overdose deaths excluding fentanyl-detected has remained relatively stable since 2011 (average of 300 deaths per year). This data is subject to change as further analogue testing results become available. Illicit Drug Overdose Deaths including and excluding Fentanyl, 2007- 2017 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Illicit Drug Deaths Illicit Drug Deaths (excluding fentanyl) • A review of completed cases from 2016-17 indicates that the top four detected drugs relevant to illicit drug overdose deaths were fentanyl (70%), cocaine (49%), methamphetamine/amphetamine (33%), and heroin (30%). Posting Date March 6, 2018 Page 3 of 20 BC Coroners Service Illicit Drug Overdose Deaths in BC January 1, 2008 to January 31, 2018 BC Data and Rates Illicit Drug Overdose Deaths and Death Rate per 100,000 Population [2,5] 1600 35 1400 30 1200 25 1000 20 800 Deaths 15 600 10 400 Death Rate Pop. per 100,000 200 5 0 0 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 '14 '15 '16 '17 Deaths 117 162 354 308 217 301 300 400 272 236 236 172 190 183 230 229 202 183 201 211 294 269 333 368 518 995 1436 Rate 3.5 4.7 9.9 8.4 5.7 7.8 7.6 10.0 6.8 5.8 5.8 4.2 4.6 4.4 5.5 5.4 4.7 4.2 4.6 4.7 6.5 5.9 7.3 7.9 11.0 20.9 29.9 Illicit Drug Overdose Deaths by Month, British Columbia, 2008-2018[2] Month 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Jan 18 23 16 24 20 20 23 42 86 142 125 Subtotal 18 23 16 24 20 20 23 42 86 142 125 Feb 8 15 14 24 17 21 38 31 60 121 - Mar 17 10 15 25 25 33 28 31 77 131 - Apr 18 8 9 26 31 31 29 34 72 149 - May 18 19 22 22 19 28 40 41 50 140 - Jun 18 16 21 22 25 25 29 34 70 121 - Jul 24 19 23 33 29 38 25 37 74 116 - Aug 16 27 24 22 19 21 37 51 64 122 - Sep 12 16 20 22 16 28 31 47 61 92 - Oct 10 13 18 23 19 19 35 53 76 97 - Nov 9 18 18 27 28 31 28 49 141 105 - Dec 15 17 11 24 21 38 25 68 164 100 - Total 183 201 211 294 269 333 368 518 995 1,436 125 Average 15.3 16.8 17.6 24.5 22.4 27.8 30.7 43.2 82.9 119.7 125.0 Posting Date March 6, 2018 Page 4 of 20 BC Coroners Service Illicit Drug Overdose Deaths in BC January 1, 2008 to January 31, 2018 BC Data by Gender/Age: Illicit Drug Overdose Deaths by Gender, 2008-2018[2] Gender 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Female 49 55 49 82 75 79 86 102 199 253 23 Male 134 146 162 212 194 254 282 416 796 1,183 102 Total 183 201 211 294 269 333 368 518 995 1,436 125 Illicit Drug Overdose Deaths by Age Group, 2008-2018[2] Age Group 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 10-18 6 2 4 4 5 6 3 5 12 23 1 19-29 36 46 40 74 61 94 83 117 208 270 27 30-39 48 51 49 75 61 77 101 135 265 399 36 40-49 42 57 66 77 66 74 85 126 234 338 24 50-59 43 33 45 54 56 61 72 108 225 286 27 60-69 8 12 7 10 19 21 24 26 48 112 10 70-79 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 3 8 0 Total 183 201 211 294 269 333 368 518 995 1436 125 Note: The age range of decedents of illicit drug overdose between 2007-2017 ranged from 13 to 76 years of age. Posting Date March 6, 2018 Page 5 of 20 BC Coroners Service Illicit Drug Overdose Deaths in BC January 1, 2008 to January 31, 2018 Illicit Drug Overdose Deaths by Age Group, 2008-2017 100% 4% 3% 3% 6% 7% 6% 7% 5% 5% 8% 18% 16% 21% 18% 21% 23% 21% 20% 23% 80% 20% 26% 22% 60+ 28% 23% 24% 60% 23% 31% 25% 24% 24% 50-59 40-49 30-39 23% 40% 26% 25% 27% 26% 19-29 26% 23% 27% 28% 23% 10-18 20% 28% 20% 25% 23% 23% 19% 23% 23% 21% 19% 3% 2% 2% 0% 1% 1% 2% 1% 1% 1% 2% 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Age-Specific Illicit Drug Overdose Death Rates per 100,000, 2008-2017[5,7] Age Group 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 10-18 1.3 0.4 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.3 0.7 1.1 2.7 5.2 19-29 5.5 6.9 5.9 10.9 8.9 13.7 11.9 16.7 29.5 37.6 30-39 8.2 8.6 8.3 12.6 10.1 12.6 16.2 21.4 41.3 61.0 40-49 6.1 8.3 9.7 11.4 9.9 11.3 13.2 19.8 37.0 53.3 50-59 6.8 5.1 6.8 8.0 8.2 8.8 10.3 15.3 32.0 40.9 60-69 1.8 2.6 1.5 2.0 3.7 3.9 4.3 4.5 8.0 18.4 70-79 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.9 2.1 Total 4.2 4.6 4.7 6.5 5.9 7.3 7.9 11.0 20.9 29.9 Posting Date March 6, 2018 Page 6 of 20 BC Coroners Service Illicit Drug Overdose Deaths in BC January 1, 2008 to January 31, 2018 BC Data by Township of Injury: Illicit Drug Overdose Deaths by Top Townships of Injury, 2008-2018* [2,4] Township 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Vancouver 38 60 42 69 65 80 101 136 235 365 33 Surrey 20 23 33 42 44 36 44 76 122 175 15 Victoria 29 13 13 17 17 25 20 22 69 91 14 Kelowna 2 5 9 14 8 12 12 19 47 75 Nanaimo 2 6 4 8 6 20 16 18 29 51 Abbotsford 4 4 10 16 7 10 7 26 38 49 Burnaby 12 8 9 10 10 13 11 16 39 41 Kamloops 7 7 10 2 5 8 7 7 44 39 Langley 6 2 3 10 5 10 10 10 30 36 Maple Ridge 2 6 4 4 5 10 14 29 27 33 Coquitlam 2 5 2 3 6 1 10 11 14 29 Richmond 1 3 4 4 1 3 3 6 14 26 Chilliwack 4 2 2 8 8 6 6 10 12 23 New Westminster 4 2 6 6 3 5 9 12 10 23 Prince George 2 4 1 6 10 7 10 12 19 21 Other Township 48 51 59 75 69 87 88 108 246 359 Total 183 201 211 294 269 333 368 518 995 1436 125 *sorted by 2017 totals.
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  • The Archaeology of 1858 in the Fraser Canyon
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