Experiential Function in Meghan Trainor's Song

EXPERIENTIAL FUNCTION IN MEGHAN TRAINOR’S SONG LYRIC

SKRIPSI

Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For Degree of SarjanaPendididkan (S.Pd) English Education Program

By:

RADHI MANFALUTHI NPM: 1402050287

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2018

ABSTRACT

Manfaluthi, Radhi. NPM. 1402950287, “EXPERIENTIAL FUNCTION IN MEGHAN TRAINOR’S SONG LYRIC”. Skripsi : English Education Program. Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. Medan. 2018.

This thesis is entitled " EXPERIENTIAL FUNCTION IN MEGHAN TRAINOR’S SONG LYRIC " is an analysis of seven process of experiential which is studied based on Halliday Theory (Functional Linguistic Theory). This theory has great attention through the relationship between language and context. Based on Functional Linguistic Theories such as Stubbs, Halliday, Mc.Carthy mentions that discourse is a social domain and texts include domain linguistics. Both of course have a separate domain, despite the relationship between text and discourse is realization. Discourse is closely related to context, both context of situation, cultural context, and ideological context. Analysis data is taken from Meghan Trainor’s song lyric Miles and Huberman is used to calculate data. Through data analysis can be found that the most mental process appear and dominating the quantity is (55 clause), then followed with a material process with the quantity is (41 clauses), Relational Process (26 clauses), Verbal Process (8 clauses), Behavioural Function (8 clauses), Existential Function (7 clause). and the least is Meteorological Process (4 clause).

Keywords: systemic functional language, experiential function, song ii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Assalamualaikum Wr.Wb

In the name of Allah, the most Gracious and the MercifulFirstly of all, the researcher would like to thank the Almighty Allah SWT the Most Beneficent and the Most Merciful for giving her favors, ideas, and inspirations in accomplishing this research. Secondly, the researcher would like to express her thanks to the prophet Muhammad SAW, who has brought humans being from the darkness into the brightness.

In writing this research entitled “ Contextual Meaning on the Idiomatic

Expression inLa La Land MovieScript “, with the purpose for as the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Sarjana Pendidikan degree in English

Department. There were so many obstacles faced by the researcher and without help from other people, it might be impossible for her to finish it. Thus, the researcher would like to express her thanks to her beloved parents, Mr.Arman Can and Mrs.Ratna Irwana S.Ag for their pray, advise, courage, moral, and material support from she was born until forever. May Allah SWT bless them.

Then the researcher also would like thank to:

iii

1. Dr. Agussani, M.AP, the Rector of University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera

Utara.

2. Dr. Elfrianto Nst, S.Pd, M.Pd, the Dean of The Faculty of Teacher Training

and Education, University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara.

3. Mandra Saragih, S.Pd, M.Hum and the Headand Secretary of English

Department at The Faculty Teacher Training and Education, UMSU for the

encouragement in completing the research.

4. Halimah Tussa’diah, SS, MA, her supervisor who has given suggestion,

advide, ideas, critics, and guidance in writing this research.

5. Pirman Ginting, S.Pd, M.Hum,the researcher’s reviewer who has given

suggestion, advise and comment for the researcher.

6. All lectures of FKIP University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, who has

given knowledge in English teaching during her academic years at UMSU.

7. The staff of FKIP UMSU who have given help in administrative system service

to complete necessary requiretments, so all administrative system could be

resolved easily.

8. Muhammad Arifin M.Pd., the Head of librarian of UMSU who has provided

the researcher many refrences.

9. Her beloved family, sister and brother, Rafdi Mustaqim and Amanda Fitri

Fadhilah, thanks a lot of for the support and pray.

10. The students of English Education program, ClassB (Evening) FKIP UMSU

2014/2015, Her beloved friends especially, Dea Vyolina Sari, Iklila Dara

Risaniand NurAnggia Sari Ritonga who always supported each others during iv

learning process, given much motivation, given much knowledge and great

experience.

11. Her supported friends, Yudia Rizky, Dwi Anggara Putra, Satriadi, and Utari

Wirda Ningsih who have supported, spent a lot of time and given much

knowledge. My lovely one, Intan Syahfitri, thanks for your time and your

support.

12. All people who love, help, and support the researcher during her study, May

Allah SWT bless them all, Amin.

Hopefully the findings of this research are expected to be useful for those

who read this research and interested to the topic.

Finally, the researcher realizes that this research is still far from being perfect

in spite of the fact she has done her best completing this work. Therefore,

constructive criticism, comments, suggestions are welcomed for further

improvement of this research.

Wassalamualaikum Wr.Wb

Medan,11 October 2018 Researcher,

RADHI MANFALUTHI

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT ...... i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...... ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... v

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1

A. The Background of the Study ...... 1

B. The Identification of the Problem ...... 4

C. The Scope and Limitation ...... 4

D. The Formulation of the Problem ...... 4

E. The Objectives of the Study ...... 4

F. The Significance of the Study ...... 5

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE ...... 6

A. Theoritical Framework ...... 6

1. Discourse Analysis ...... 6

2. Systemic Functional Linguistic ...... 9

3. Metafunction of Language ...... 12

4. Ideational Function...... 15

5. Experiential Function ...... 16

5.1 Material Process ...... 20

5.2 Mental Process ...... 21

5.3 Relational Process ...... 23

5.4 Verbal Process ...... 25

5.5 Behavioral Process ...... 26 vi

5.6 Existential Process ...... 28

5.7 Meteorological Process ...... 29

B. Relevant Study ...... 29

C. Conceptual Framework ...... 31

CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH ...... 32

A. Research Design ...... 32

B. Source of Data ...... 32

C. Technique of Collecting the Data ...... 32

D. Technique of Analyzing the Data ...... 33

CHAPTER IV DATA AND DATA ANALYSIS ...... 35

A. Data ...... 35

B. Data Analysis ...... 35

C. Research Findings ...... 80

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION...... 82

A. Conclusion ...... 82

B. Suggestion ...... 83

REFERENCES

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study

Language is a device for communication. A language basically functions to convey utterances meaning of a person to another on, as stated by Halliday

(1994) that is to construe human‟s experience, to enact in social relationship and to organize our ideas relevantly to the context. We use language to talk about our experience of the world, including the worlds in our minds, to describe events and states and the entities involved in them. We also use language to interact with other people, to establish and maintain relations with them, to influence their behavior, to express our viewpoint on things in the world, and to elicit or change theirs. It can convey his feeling, opinion towards something logically and systematically either in written or spoken language. So the information can be received by readers effectively. The readers and listeners are involved in the context of situation where the language is used in order to the message can be understood.

In Indonesia, many literary works such as movie, songs, books, novels, magazines, and newspapers are available in English. English as a language is an important means of written and oral communication for human which extends information and aim. Language as a round element which always develop everytime sometimes is difficult to understand. As a result, it should be

analyzed and assesed by using various approaches to study. Linguistics is one approaches that can be used to assesed a language, because linguistics is not only studies about language but also things related to language itself. Language is a communication system which is very important for humans. As a dynamic element, language is analyzed and assessed by using various approaches to study it. The approach that can be used to assess a language is meaning approach.

Experiential function is a meaning of language that is used for describing language use experience. It is also as an expression form of speaker/writer experience where according to the SFL theory is realized by transitivity system.

The transitivity system which are represented a process configuration. There are three components involved in this configuration the process, the participants and circumstances associated with the process. Halliday (1994) says that there are seven types of Experential Function that are not strange to be known. They are:

Material Function is process of doing, Mental Function is process of sensing,

Verbal Function is process of saying, Behavioral Function is process of behaving,

Existential Function is process of existing, Relational Function is process of being and Meteorological Function is process of timing.

In English, the meaning has the important position to study because it will give influence to someone to understand about speaker‟s mean or how far some information can receive by listeners. The clause of grammar is not only a figure, but it has a function as a message. From the statement above, the purpose of this research is focuses to identify the process type of Meghan Trainor‟s selected songs in Meghan Trainor‟s album by seeing the structure and to interpret

how the song writers show the influence of songs to public. Because when language is used, there is always something else going on. To know the message from sees the structure through the analyzing mood exchange on selected songs, this study will be attempt the analyzes about the function based on the transitivity system entitled “Experiential function in Meghan Trainor‟s song lyric.”

To understand better Meghan Trainor‟s song lyric, the study of systemic functional grammar with reference to experiential function is needed due to the processes help to reveal the meanings constructed by the speaker or writer

(Halliday and Matthiessen, 2004). Although some studies have song‟s lyric discourse, different with the previous studies that discuss about experiential function in magazine, this research explores about experiential function that is found in Meghan Trainor‟s song lyric. Due to its functionality, this study aimed to explore the function and application of experiential function. By conducting the analysis in song‟s lyric discourse, we would be able to reveal how the singer initiate their discourse with the audiences or fans, establish the relationships and convince the fans via transitivity.

Through the transitivity system, it can be easier to analysis the meaning especially experiential function of a clause from the structure based on Systemic

Functional Grammar approach which is introduced by Halliday. When the singer try to convey a song without knowing the meaning, it will be difficult for the listener gets the message. For the other examples in Rising Star (a talent show), when the contestant shows their ability in music, some of them just see the structure of the song lyric first than the meaning. What they do can make they are fail in that competition. Its mean the structure is related to the meaning.

Meanwhile, to make a good phrases or sentences, the structure has the important role.

Therefore, this study is going to analyze the experiential functions in

Meghan Trainor song’s lyric.

B. The Identification of the Problem

1. Identify the types of experiential function in Meghan Trainor song‟s lyric.

2. Interpret the experiential function are find in Meghan Trainor song‟s lyric.

C. Scope and Limitation

In this research the researcher focuses on discourse analysis and it is limited in types of experiential function in Meghan Trainor song‟s lyric.

D. The Formulation of the Problem

Based on the background of the study, the problems of the study were formulated below:

1. What experiential function are found in Meghan Trainor‟s song lyric ?

2. How are experiential functions realized in Meghan Trainor‟s song lyric?

E. The Objectives of the Study

This discussion was aimed to answer the questions posed in problems of the study above. The objectives the researcher would liked to:

1. to find out the experiential function occurred in of Meghan Trainor song‟s

lyrics

2. to describe how experiential function are realized in Meghan Trainor‟s song

lyric.

F. The Significance of the Study

The significances of the research are follow:

1. Theoritical

The final result of this research expected will give some contribute to the

improvement of discourse analysis learning especially about experiential

function.

2. Practical

The result of this research are useful for: a. The teachers or lectures, as asource of information or as input to improve

discourse analysis learning especially about experiential function. b. The students, as a source of data or as additional information in studying

experiential function. c. The readers or other researchers, as a source of information to do the same

research with different point of view.

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

A. Theoritical Framework

A research is based on the existing theories of certain fields of science. In this research, the review of literature functions in giving clear concepts applied in this study. The concepts will lead to better analysis to variables taken because they help the researcher to avoid misinterpretation of terms used in particular situation. The theories used in this study are as following.

1. Discourse Analysis

Discourse is the study about a text. It is concerned with the study of the

relationship between language and the contexts in which it is used. It has to be

found on a study of the system of the language. The main reason for studying the

system is to throw light on discourse, on what people say, write, listen to and

read. We have to focus both the system and text. There are two forms of text that

are not strange to be known. They are written text and spoken language.

Kress (2003) says that there are differences between discourse and text that are shown by this table below:

Table 2.1. The Differences between Discourse and Text

No. Discourse Text

1. Meaning Expression

2. Function or content Form or material

3. Sociological basic Linguistic basic

4. Social significance Structure of language

5. Social dominant Linguistic dominant

From those differences above, we can say that discourse is closely related to the social term and text is closely related to the linguistic term.

Kress also says that the relationship between discourse and text can be explained in two ways. They are: Text is realization of discourse. This is a direct relation. In this sense specific aspects of a discourse constitute determinative and constitutive factors of text. In other words, the presence of any linguistic feature in a text always points to some aspects of the discourse of which the text is an expression and Discourse is associated to social institutions that favor a certain genre (type or kind of text). A discourse is determined by a social institution that favors a certain genre and it is the genre that determines and constitutes the form of any text.

There are many writers who give definitions of discourse. Followings are some of the definitions: Stubbs (1983) says that discourse is a language above the sentence or above the clause. McCarthy (1992) says that discourse

analysis is not only concerned with the description and analysis of spoken interaction.

From those definitions of discourse analysis above, we may conclude that discourse uses the written or spoken passage to convey something. It also has the highest and complete grammatical unit, coherent and cohesive in meaning, formed from clauses, sentences and units.

Discourse analysis is not only concerns with the description and analysis of spoken interaction. In addition to all our verbal encounters we can find many kinds of discourse that we have to know. They are: literary works, education fields, pedagogical sciences, sciences, children compositions, communication in the class between teacher and students, language in the text books, translations, semiotic codes, films, symbols, comic strips, dramas, TV programs, newspapers, articles, letters, stories, recipes, notices, instructions, billboards, leaflets pushed through the door, and so on. We usually expect them to be coherent, meaningful communications in which the words and sentences are linked to one another in a fashion that corresponds to the conventional formula, just as we do with speech. Therefore discourse analysis is equally interested in the organization of written interaction.

Schiffrin (2007) says that discourse is often defined in two ways. They are: a particular unit of language (above the sentences) and a particular focus

(on language use). These two definitions of discourse, he reflects the differences between formalist and functionalist : (1) Formalist tends to regard language primarily as a mental phenomenon. Functionalist tends to regard it primarily as

a social phenomenon. (2) Formalist tends to explain linguistic universal a deriving from a common genetic linguistic inheritance of human species.

Functionalist tends to explain them as deriving from the universality of the uses to which language is put in human society. (3) Formalist is inclined to explain children‟s acquisition of language in term of a built in human capacity to learn language. Functionalist is inclined to explain it in the term of the development of the children‟s communicative needs and abilities in society. (4) Above all formalist studies language as an autonomous system whereas functionalist studies it in relation to its social function.

From the explanation above, we may conclude that between formalist and functionalist show us that in social life or human life the definitions of discourse are really exist.

2. Systemic Functional Linguistic

Language theory has various ways in seeing a language phenomenon.

These theories spread fast and become more sophisticated in its development in society. Theory of Systemic Linguistic Functional then stands for SFLT is one of a linguistic theory where its philogenetic development in language as the

th phenomenon since Firth age in 20 century who has led his people called linguistic people. The fact shows that for many years, SFLT focus its research and academic activities towards language, text, discourse, and contexts, to

make a theory, to be a model to describe, and to explain the theories for the various needs and purposes. Inferred from this historical background, discourse analysis is concerned with the study of the relationship between language and the contexts in which it is used. It grew out of work in different disciplines in the 1960s and early 1970s, including linguistics, semiotics, psychology, anthropology, and sociology. Discourse analysts study language in use, written text of all kinds, and spoken data, from conversation to highly institutionalized forms of talk. Discourse analysis has grown into a wide ranging and heterogeneous discipline which finds its unity in the description of language above the sentence and an interest in the contexts and cultural influences which affect language in use. It concerns with wider context, analyzing language which address involvement of language, ideology, and power, discourse in socio- cultural change, analysis of discourse in different field of sciences, and critical language awareness. The latest development is under the influence of

Norman Fairclough (2006).

Systemic Functional Theory has a big notice through the relation between language and context. For some ten years, Systemic Functional

Theory has a view that an activity of using language can be illustrated in a way that relates to the relation one discourse with other discourse, until it becomes a discourse which has a composition of grammar, afterwards, the whole of the discourse is stated in by rhythm and intonation.

Each clause has a function and meaningful, they are: meanings or functions of ideational, interpersonal, and textual. In a clause, there are some units, they are group or phrase. They are lower than the clause. In Systemic

Functional Theory, a term group or phrase is as a unit of grammar having a difference. In other words, a group or phrase is expansion. A unit of words is found in a group or phrase. A unit of words contains a morpheme. A word is a unit of grammar as the element of a group or phrase builder and a morpheme is a unit of grammar which builds a word. Then, based on Systemic Functional

Theory, a sentence is not the unit of language but, it is the unit of written language that it is started with a capital letter and ended with a full stop. For instance, she gets angry with you, Sinar (2003), for instance: noun group or noun phrase (the ugly girl) verb group or verb phrase (has come, will come), adverb group or adverb phrase (very beautiful). On the contrary, a phrase is a decreasing of clause, such as: preposition phrase (at home).

Figure 2.1 Unit of Language Grammar

Clause

Group/Phrase

Word

Morpheme

3. Metafunction of Language

In every language usage in the social contexts semiotics, metafunction of language that is present to explain 2 things that influences each other between the language and another language. The metafunctions as the theoretical concept give someone the capability to understand the language and another language, also as a meeting which has formed shape of grammar. In other words, the metafunction concept which connects the forms of language internal and its function to the social context semiotics. The system of social semiotics is the system of linguistic meaning is Semantics that is a form of realization from social semiotics, Sinar (2008).

The metafunction has an implication either the relationship of paradigmatic or sintagmatic. Paradigmatically, they arrange the system of the chain of the selection group that relies on each other, with the internal dependence which is extremely in the metafunctions but a little relationship of metafunctions. Sintagmatically, metafunction is related to the kinds of structure, Halliday (in Sinar 2008).

The metafunction of language has 3 components: Ideational,

Interpersonal, and Textual Functions, Halliday (in Sinar 2008).

Table 2.2. The component Metafunction of Language

Metafunction Types of Meaning Status of Association Types of Structure with Clause Ideational Language use to Clause as Segemental describe. representation (Describing experience)

Interpersonal Language use to Clause as exchange Prosodic exchange.(Play social contact) Textual Language use to Clause as message Culminate organize. (Make appropriate context) a. Ideational Function

Halliday (in Sinar 2003) cites that Ideational Function is language as

representation or reflection in which the speaker as an observer of reality

construes “natural” reality.

The ideational function is classified into two sub functions. The

experiential function and the logical function. The experiential function uses

language as representation and the logical function uses language as natural logic.

The Experiential Function is relized by transtivity system. b. Interpersonal Function

Halliday (in Sinar 2003) says that the interpersonal function is an

interpretation of language in its function as an exchange, which is a doing

function of language; it is concerned with language as action. This meaning

represent the speaker‟s meaning potential as an intruder that takes into account

the interactive nature of relations between the addresser (speaker/ writer) and

the addressee (listener/ reader).

Halliday (in Sinar 2003) says that at the grammatical level of

interpretation with respect to the clause function, it is interpreted that the clause

is also organized as an interactive event that involves speaker, or writer, and

audience (listener or reader). Clauses of the interpersonal meaning function as clauses of exchange, which represent speech role relationships.

Halliday (in Sinar 2003) suggests, whenever two people use language to interact, one of the things they do with it is establishing a relationship between them. In this, he sets out two most fundamental types of speech role or function:

(1) giving, and (2) demanding.

The interpersonal function is classified into two sub functions. The Mood

Structure and The modality. It uses language as exchange and it is realized by the mood system. Mood Structure expresses interactional meanings such as what the clause is doing, as a verbal exchange between the encoder and the decoder.

Modality refers to opinion or judgement of the speaker on the content and speech function of the clause. c. The Textual Function

Textual function of language is an interpretation of language in its function as a message, which is a text-forming function of language. This is interpreted as a function that is intrinsic to language itself, but it is at the same time a function that is extrinsic to language, in the sense that it is linked with the situational (contextual) domain in which language (text) is embedded. In other words, it is a relevance function, an interfacing function that makes language

(text) relevant internally (i.e. to itself) as well as externally (i.e. to the situation

(context) in which language or text is used). This is an enabling function that enables one to distinguish a text as a functional or contextually motivated language on the one hand, from a context as a language in vaccua on the other.

At the clause level, the textual meaning is concerned with how intra clausal elements are organized to make meanings. At the text level, it is concerned with how inter clausal elements are organized to form a unified whole text that makes meanings. In this, the textual function indicates the way the text is organized or structured. The textual function of language (clause) in its function as a message is realized by the theme system of language (clause). The theme system of the clause is represented by the thematic structure of the clause.

It uses language as message and it is realized by the theme system. This involve the use of language to organize the text it self in terms of covering theme, rheme and cohesion. Theme is realized as the departure point of the clause for the message. Rheme is look at morphology and morphophonemic, which is part the message to which the theme is developed. Cohesion refers to the resources within language that provide continuity in a text, over and above that provided by clause structure and clause complexes.

4. Ideational Function

Halliday (in Sinar 2003) says that the Ideational Function relates to the inner and outer words of reality, it is “language about something”. Whenever one reflects on the external world of phenomena or the internal world of one‟s consciousness, the representation of that reflection would take the form of

“content”.

The ideational function means that language is used to organize, understand and express the speaker‟s perceptions of the world and of his consciousness and this function divides into two: (1) The experiential function is

largely concerned with contents or ideas which regard clauses as the representations of experience in terms of transitivity structures, which are represented with processes and associated with participants and circumstances.

(2) The logical function is concerned with the relationship between ideas in clause complexes. It defines the logico semantic relation between one clause and another which covers expansion and projection and it also defines clause complexes from the interdependency relation whether they are paratactic or hypotactic.

5. Experiential Function

Experiential meaning is a meaning of language that is used for describing language user experience. It is also as an expression form of speaker/writer experience where according to the SFL theory is realized by transitivity system.

Intransitivity system, every processor event must be associated with the subject and object with aims at investigating the consequence of different ideology (Jorgensen & Phillips, 2010). Transitivity system of LFS study is a form of linguistic experience or realization of an experiential function where language user brings their experience (not- linguistic) into the linguistic experience. Moreover, a non-linguistic experience that is performance into linguistic experience contain three elements, that is a process, participant, and circumstance (Saragih, 2006; Halliday, 1994; Eggins, 1994).

The process is related to the action or activity in form of clause where according to traditional grammar called as a verb. Participant defines as people

or objects that are involved in the process. Circumstance is an environment where the process happens by involving participant. a) The process is the activity of actor that is shown in the grammatical unit in form of clause.

Process in the level of clause generally in form of verb that shows the reality or action was done by someone or a noun wherein SFL theory called as a participant. In the SFL study, the process plays very important role to determine the appearance participant as well as circumstance. The process, participant, and circumstance are elements in describing an experience where the process is the core of it. It is caused that process determine the number and participant‟s category. The process also indirectly determines circumstance with probability level; e.g material and mental processes where both of them are more often appears with the circumstance of location and manner (see

Halliday and Martin in Saragih, 2006). As a core of experience, the process has a variety of types. Saragih, (2006) illustrates there were two types of experiential representation, namely (1) the main experience (primary process) that consist of material experience, mental and relational, (2) complementary experience (secondary process) where consists of experience for verbal, behavior and form. Compare with Saragih (2013), the first experience called as primary process and the second experience known as a secondary process. b.) A participant who is involved in one material process called as actor and goal (gol) as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for (Saragih, 2006). Participant is the person who does an activity or other nouns to whom process is directed. The process is core or

center which attracts other elements, especially the participant. As a core that has valiancy, process potentially determining the number of the participant that can be banned by the process itself. Therefore, It was used as a basic rule to labialize who does process (Participant I), and participant to whom the process are directed (Participant II)) (Saragih, 2006).

The details of the participants I and II participants in any type of process as follows :

Table 2.2. Process and Participant (Saragih, 2006)

Type of Process Participant I Participant II

Material Actor Gol

Mental Sense Phenomenon

Relational (1) Identification form Value (2) Attribute: Penyandang Attribute (3) Property : Owner Owner

Behavior Actor -

Verbal Speaker Words

Form Concrete -

The participant was determined to base on type of its process, it means that process determines the type of participant. Besides that, a participant who was determined by the process can be fused with or beyond its reach. Participant as part of a process known as range, where the feature of its appearance can be explicit or implicit. The beyond participants of the process usually called as beneficiary. They are people or object to whom one entity or services intended for or directed. Besides, beneficiary proceeded by preposition which potentially can be eliminated by changing the structure or sequence labeled participant. The beneficiary is called as a recipient for those who preceded or associated with the

preposition kepada „to‟ and client for those participants who was preceded or associated with the preposition to. c.) The circumstance in traditional grammar is an adverb. In SFL study, circumstance defines is a domain, feature, or location of the process take place

(Saragih, 2006). Circumstance consists of the extent which in form of distance and time, location in the form of place and time, manner, cause, area, accompaniment, role, matter and the view.

Halliday (in Sinar 2003) says that focusing language on the clause level with respect to the notion of clause as representation, clause as a representation means that one function of the clause is as a representation of experience of both external reality (i.e. reality outside oneself) and internal reality. (reality inside oneself). The experiential or representational function of language (clause) is realized by the transitivity system of language (clause). The outer world of reality that is brought into the inner world of reality in one‟s consciousness, which is encoded in the transitivity system of language, is interpreted as a what-is-going-on process, which is related to material actions, events, states and relations. The what-is-going-an process falls into various process. Halliday (in Sinar 2003) has identified the encoding processes of the realities under discussion, and he has also linguistically (grammatically) classified the various processes in question into various process types, particularly the process types in the transitivity system of the English clause.

In this, Halliday categorizes the processes into three principal process types: 1.

Material, 2. Mental, 3. Relational; and he classifies other processes into four

subsidiary process types: 1. Behavioural, 2. Verbal, 3. Existential and 4.

Meteorological.

5.1. Material Process

Halliday (1994) states that material processes are processes of 'doing'.

The activity by mean is physical action or an activity that can be seen. On the other hand, it is said that any activities or behavior that can be observed by sensory called material process. A participant who is involved in one material process called as actor and goal (gol) as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for (Saragih, 2006: 26).

Clauses with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process) and a doer

(participant). Actions involve actors or participants.

Table 2.3. Example of Material Process 1

The man Run Participant Process

The entity who or which does something is called the Actor. There optionally s an entity to which the process is extended or directed. This entity which may be done to is the Goal, because some processes also have a second participant for example :

Table 2.4. Example of Material Process 2

The man Hit the dog Participant Process Participant

The term Goal implies meaning of “directed at”. Goal is that participant at whom the process is directed or to whom the action is extended. Another term

that has been used for this function is patient which means one that suffers or undergoes the process. Nevertheless, the writer will keep familiar term goal in the present analysis. The Goal is most like the traditional direct object which is known as transitive verb may take.

There are two variables of Material Function (Gerot, 1994): 1. Creative (a

“bringing about”). 2. Dispositive ( a “doing to”)

In the creative type of material function, the Goal is brought about by the process:

Table 2.5. Example of Material Process 3

My sister Brings a doll Actor Material Function Goal

In dispositive type, we have doings and happenings :

Table 2.6. Example of Material Process 4

He Dismissed The secretary Actor Material Function Goal

From the examples above, we can conclude that material function has two participants (Actor and Goal) that each participant has different function.

5.2. Mental Process

The mental process is a process that describes an activity which related to the senses, feeling, thinking, cognition, and perception occurs in a human being, such as see, know, love, hate, aware, hear and so on (Saragih, 2006 ). Sina (2012) was categorized the mental process into four groups, namely: 1. perception, 2. cognition, 3. want and 4. emotion. The mental process has human participant or like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these

senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon. Processes involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. Gerot (1994: 58) says that there are three types of mental function: 1.) Affective or reactive (feeling) which is recognized through the use of verbs of liking or fearing. 2.) Cognitive

(thinking) which is recognized through the use of verbs of thinking, knowing and understanding. 3.) Perceptive (perceiving through the five sense) which is recognized through the use of verbs of seeing, hearing and so on.

From those explanations above we can conclude that the mental function can be realized by our feeling, thinking and the five senses of ourselves. In mental function the participants are Senser and Phenomena. The senser is by definition a conscious being, for only those who are conscious can feel, think or see. We can of course attribute or impute consciousness to non-sensate beings. Here are the examples of the mental function:

Table 2.7. Example of Mental Process 1

I Love The Boy Senser Mental Function Phenomenon

Table 2.8. Example of Mental Process 2

She Hates The man who calls me

Senser Mental Function Phenomenon

The examples above show us that in the first example “I” is called as the

Senser and “The boy” as the Phenomenon. It is also shown in the second example that “She” is called as the Senser and “The man who calls me” is also called as the

Phenomenon.

5.3. Relational Process

The relational process is processing for connecting, raising, identifying attribute and marking of identity (Sinar, 2012). Saragih (2006) describing that relational process was used for connecting one entity with form or another environment in one intensive relation, circumstance or ownership, and by identifying or attributes. Further he shows that the relational processes in

Indonesian were realized by verbs such as; adalah „is‟, menjadi „become‟, merupakan „is‟, kelihatan „look‟, berharga ‘precious‟, bernilai „valuable‟, kedengaran „hear‟, terdengar „sounds‟, menunjukan „shows‟, menandakan

„signify‟, memainkan „play‟, memiliki „have‟, and so on. Relational function is typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something.

Gerot (1994) says that relational function can be divided into two sub- categories. They are Identifying Process and Attributive Process. Each has its own characteristic participant role.

a. Identifying Process

It is not about ascribing or classifying, but defining. The meaning of an identifying intensive is that “X” serves to define the identity of “Y”. in this function, the participant roles are Token and Value.

Table 2.9. Example of Relational Process 1

Susan is the cleverest one here Token Identifying Process Value (Relational Function)

Halliday (1985) says that semantically the token will be a “sign”, name, form, holder or occupant of a value which gives the “meaning, referent, function, status or role” of the token. While, the token is the nominal group which contains the

“name” which gives the classification. Token will always be subject in an active clause and value will always be subject in a passive clause b. Attribute Process

In the attribute sub-type, a quality, classification or descriptive is assigned to a participant which is realized by a noun or nominal group. The participants here are Attribute and Carrier.

Table 2.10. Example of Relational Process 2

She is very fat Carrier Attributive Process Attribute (Relational Function)

From those examples and explanation above, the relational function has four participants that are closely related to the clauses which are have analyzed.

Token, Value, Carrier, Attribute are the participants and each participant has a function and position in a clause that has analyzed.

5.4. Verbal Process

The verbal process is a process that shows a correlation between mental and relational process. It shows an activity that related to the information, Saragih

(2006). As for word which refers to the verbal process such as; telling, saying, asking, ordering, requesting, instructing, confessing, explaining, clarifying, testing, informing, asserting, stressing, communicating, refusing, promising, swearing, and so on. The verbal process has feature related to information.

Therefore, a participant in this process can be inform human nor non-human.

Verbal function is process of saying or of symbolically signaling. A verbal function typically contains three participant. They are :

1. Sayer : the doer of the action

2. Receiver : the one whom the verbalization is addressed

3. Verbiage : a name of the verbalization itself.

Gerot (1994) says that the sayer, the receiver and the verbiage has different meaning and function too. She said that the sayer is the participant responsible for the verbal function, who encodes a signal source. It does not have to be a conscious participant (although it typically is), but anything capable of putting out a signal. The receiver is the one to who, the verbal function is directed, or the one to whom the verbalization is addressed. The verbiage is a nominalized statement of the verbal process, a noun expressing some kind of vebal behavior, a name for the verbalization itself (statement, answer, question, and story).

From the explanation above we can say that the three participants of verbal function is closely related to the process of saying. When there is someone says “I hate you”, we can find that this sentence has the participants of verbal function.

Here are the examples of verbal function that we have to know. Table 2.11. Example of Verbal Process

She Tells me a story Sayer Verbal Function Receiver Verbiage

From those examples above, we can conclude that “She” and “He” are called as Sayer. The words “tells” and “asked” are called as the Mental function.

The words “me” and “the teacher” are called as Receiver and the last words “a story” and “a question” are called as Verbiage.

5.5. Behavioral Process

Behavior process is defined as an activity that has a physiological feature to express human physical behavior (Saragih, 2006). The category of behavior process semantically situated between material and mental process. Moreover, some of the behavioral processes have material properties and some of them are characteristics of the mental process. A verb which belongs to the behavior process is; breathing, snoring, dreaming, hiccupping, coughing, fainting, yawning, burping, sleeping, smiling, complaining, laughing, grumbling, and so on. Whereas, a participant in behavior process well known as beaver.

Halliday describes that this function semantically as a “half-way house” between mental and material function. It means that the meanings are

realized midway between materials on the one hand and mental on the others.

They are in part about action that has to be experienced by a conscious being.

In behavioral function, there is one obligatory participant. It is Behaver and is typically a conscious being (like a senser in the mental function clause).

But, the process is one of doing, not sensing such as :

Table 2.12. Example of Behavioral Process 1 He lives in a small village Behaver Behavioral Function Circumstances: Place

Behavioral function often occurs with circumstantial elements, particularly of manner and cause :

Table 2.13. Example of Behavioral Process 2

She coughed Loudly Behaver Behavioral Function Circumstances: Manner

Table 2.14. Example of Behavioral Process 3

Gladys Laughed at her careless Behaver Behavioral Function Circumstances: Cause

Behavioral function may contain a second participant which is called as

behavior. Here are the examples :

Table 2.15. Example of Behavioral Process 4

She smiled A fake smile Behaver Behavioral Function Behavior

Sometimes, it is very difficult to make a diffrence between behavioral function and mental function. But, if we pay attention both of them we can find that behavioral displays many features of mental function, the process ore like one

of “doing” than one of “thinking/feeling”. The evidence for this that the unmarked present tense for behavioral is the present continuous, as it for material.

5.6. Existensial Process

Existential function is process of existence. It represents that something exists or happens. It also represents experience by positing that

“There was/is something”.

It is easy to identify a clause contains existential function, as the structure involves the use of the word “There” that has no representational function. It has no representational meaning: it does not refer to a location. It is present in the clause merely because all English clauses require a subject. The word “There‟ is left unanalyzed for transitivity. Existential function typically employ the verb “be” or synonyms such as exist, arise and occur. The only obligatory participant in Existential function is called as Existent. This participant which usually follows the “there is/there are” sequence, may be a phenomenon of any kind and often in fact an event (nominalized action).

Circumstantial elements (particularly of location) are common in existential function.

Here are the examples of existential function that we have to know how they are realized in a clause :

Table 2.16. Example of Existential Process 1

There is a unicorn in the garden Existential Function Existent Circumtance : Place

5.7. Meteorological Process

Meteorological process is a supplement type of minor processes which represents the process of wheathering or timing. This process occurs with the impersonal it, which has no representational function, but does provide a subject, and it is followed by be and meteorological representations: wheathering and timing as in.

Table 2.17. Example of Meteorological Process 1

It is winter Now In Europe Meteorological Function Circumtance Circumtance : Place

Meteorological process is a unique type in the case that it has no participant at all.

Those clauses are analyzed as consisting of a single element namely the process only.

Table 2.18. Example of Meteorological Process 2

It‟s ten o‟clock Meteorological Process

Table 2.19. Example of Meteorological Process 3

It was at midnight Meteorological Process

B. Relevant Study

By Eva Christina Sembiring (2008), This thesis is entitled "The Analysis of Six Types of Experiential Function Found in the Holy Bible: Titus" which is an analysis of six types or types of experiential functions studied by Functional

Linguistic Theory. The author collects data from written materials: the Bible, the

New Testament, namely Titus. The analysis focused on identification on six types of experiential functions. Through data analysis can be found that the most dominant relational function with its percentage is as much as 36.12% and the smallest percentage is on existential function as much as 1.29%.

By Duma Sari Lubis (2008), This thesis is entitled "An Analysis of

Experiential Functions in Reader's Digest Magazine's Selected Articles" which is an analysis of six experiential functions studied by Halliday Theory (Functional

Linguistic Theory). This theory has great attention through the relationship between language and context. Based on Functional Linguistic Theory such as

Kress, Halliday, Stillar mention that discourse is a social domein and text including domein linguistics. Both of course have separate domeins, though the relationship between text and discourse is a realization. Discourse is closely related to the context, both the context of the situation, cultural context, and ideological context. Data analysis is taken from selected articles in the US monthly magazine "Reader's Digest" 2003 edition by using Rakhmat theory,

"lottery system", while for calculating data used Nawawi theory. Through data analysis it can be found that the function of the most emerging and dominating material with the percentage is as much as 57.04%, followed by the relational function with the percentage is 16.55%, followed by 2 functions that have the same percentage of verbal functions and mental function with the percentage is

11.97% and the smallest percentage is in the existential function.

C. Conceptual Framework

The research deals with experiential function in 10 song‟s lyric of

Meghan Trainor. It has relation to discourse analysis in which in systemic functional grammar. The sucess of understanding experiential function would be a great help to the viewes to understand the lyric it self. That was what to say that contextual experiential function was very interesting to study and to analyzed as found in song’s lyrics of Meghan Trainor.

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHOD

A. Research Design

This research conducted by using descriptive qualitative design, which was focused the data in the form of words and images from documents, observations and transcript. The use of research design was aimed to help the researcher make a better analysis to describe the meaning of sign in Meghan

Trainor‟s song lyric. The library research conducted to collect the data that it was relevant to the subject matter.

B. Source of Data

The source of data took from Meghan Trainor‟s song lyric. The research data was collected from selected Meghan Trainor‟s song.

C. Technique of Data Collection

In this research the researcher utilize some techniques of collecting the data,which was elaborate as follows:

1. Listening on Meghan Trainor‟s song.

2. Reading and understanding all of the song‟s lyric of Meghan Trainor which

was copy from the google web.

3. Identify the experiential function from song‟s lyric of Meghan Trainor.

D. Technique of Data Analysis

The data was studied based on theory found in discourse analysis ; that was theory of discourse analysis by Stubbs. In analyzing the data, the researcher used theory proposed by Miles and Huberman (2014) who said that the qualitative data analysis consists of three procedures:

1. Data reduction

Data reduction means the process of selecting, identifying, classifying the data that are considered important. This refers to the process whereby search the data which data obtained from listening the music, search for the lyric, read the lyric etc. In conducting this research, researcher will select data that will be given information in research which the data chosen from analyzing of Meghan

Trainor‟s song lyric.

2. Data display

Data display in which to draw conclusions from the mass of data, Miles and Huberman suggest that a good display of dat, in the form of tables, charts, netrworks and other graphical formats is essential. So, the researcher will be described the data based on the meaning of sign by using Pierce‟s theory in

Meghan Trainor‟s spng lyric.

3. Conclusion drawing verification

Conclusion drawing and verification involve the researcher in interpretation, drawing meaning from displayed data. It is used to describe all of the data became clearly. The conclusion can be able to answer the formulation of the problem.

BAB IV

DATA AND DATA ANALYSIS

A. Data

There are 7 types of experiential function that I have analyzed. They are :

Material Process, Mental Process, Relational Process, Verbal Process, Behavioral

Process, Existential Process and Meteorological Process. There are 10 Meghan

Trainor‟s songs that I have analyzed. They are: No, All About that Bass, Dear

Future Husband, Like I‟m Gonna Lose You, Better When I‟m Dancing, Me Too,

Your Lips Are Moving, Marvin Gaye, Let You Be Right and What If I.

B. Data Analysis

These are the data analysis of each function on the experiential functions in Meghan Trainor‟s song lyric that I have analyzed. a. Material Process

Material processes are processes of 'doing'. The activity by mean is physical action or an activity that can be seen. The material process found 33 times in Meghan Trainor‟s song lyric which is supported by appendince by the code, which is supported by the data :

Song Tittle: No on the lyric : I think (Mat. P 1.1)

I Think

Actor Material Process

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Actor because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and

“think” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: No on the lyric: Your friends encourage you (Mat. P 1.2)

Your friends Encourage You

Actor Material Process Goal

From the data above shows that “Your friends” is called as the Actor and

“you” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “encourage” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: No on the lyric : Let me stop you there (Mat. P 1.3)

Let Me Stop you in there - Actor Material Process Goal Circumtance

From the data above shows that “Me” is called as the Actor, “you” as the

Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “stop” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: No on the lyric: You came along (Mat. P 1.4)

You came along Actor Material Process

“came along” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: All about that bass on the lyric: We gonna take it. (Mat. P 1.5)

We Gonna Take it Material Process

Actor

From the data above shows that “We” is called as the Actor, “it” as the

Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “gonna take” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: You need to know. (Mat. P 1.6)

You Need to know Actor Material Process

“need to know” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: If you treat me right. (Mat. P 1.7)

If you Treat Me Right - Actor Material Process Goal -

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Actor, “me” as the

Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “treat” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: What you need. (Mat. P 1.8)

What You Need

- Actor Material Process

“need” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: I’m baking apple pies. (Mat. P

1.9)

I‟m Baking apple pies

Actor Material Process Goal

From the data above shows that “I‟m” is called as the Actor, “apple pies” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “baking” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: You make time for me. (Mat. P

1.10)

You Make time for me Actor Material Process Goal Actor

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Actor, “me” as the

Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “time” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: Open doors for me. (Mat. P 1.11)

Open Doors for me Material Process Goal Actor

From the data above shows that “Me” is called as the Actor, “door” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “open” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Like I’m gonna lose you on the lyric: I found my self dreaming. (Mat.

P 1.12)

I Found my self dreaming Actor Material Process Actor Goal

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Actor, “my self dreaming” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “found” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Like I’m gonna lose you on the lyric: I won’t take you for granted.

(Mat. P 1.13)

I won‟t take you for granted Actor Material Process Actor Goal

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Actor, “you” as the

Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “won‟t take” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Like I’m gonna lose you on the lyric: I will make dream. (Mat. P

1.14)

I will make dream Actor Material Process Goal

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Actor, “dream” as the

Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “will make” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Like I’m gonna lose you on the lyric: Love with no regrets. (Mat. P

1.15)

You Love with no regrets Actor Material Process Circ. Manner

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Actor, “no regrets” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “love” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Like I’m gonna lose you on the lyric: You held me close. (Mat. P

1.16)

You Held me Close Actor Material Process Actor Goal

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Actor, “close” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “held” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Like I’m gonna lose you on the lyric: I’m gonna hold you. (Mat. P

1.17)

I‟m Gonna hold You Actor Material Process Goal

From the data above shows that “I‟m” is called as the Actor, “you” as the

Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “hold” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Like I’m gonna lose you on the lyric: I get. (Mat. P 1.18)

I Get Actor Material Process

“get” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Better when I’m dancing on the lyric: I show the world. (Mat. P 1.19)

I Show the world Actor Material Process Goal

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Actor, “the world” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is

addressed for, and “show” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Better when I’m dancing on the lyric: You make your hips sway.

(Mat. P 1.20)

You Make your hips Sway Actor Material Process Goal Circ. Manner

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Actor, “your hips sway” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “make” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Better when I’m dancing on the lyric: Just move your body. (Mat. P

1.21)

Just Move your body - Material Process Actor

From the data above shows that “Your body” is called as the Actor, because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “move” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Better when I’m dancing on the lyric: Just move those left feet. (Mat.

P 1.22)

Just Move those left feet - Material Process Circ. Matter Actor

From the data above shows that “Left Feet” is called as the Actor because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for,and

“move” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Better when I’m dancing on the lyric: Anyone can do it. (Mat. P 1.23)

Anyone Can do It Actor Circ.View Material Process Goal

From the data above shows that “Anyone” is called as the Actor, “it” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “do” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Better when I’m dancing on the lyric: What you can do. (Mat. P 1.24)

What You can Do Circ.Role Actor Circ. View Material Process

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Actor because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “do” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Better when I’m dancing on the lyric: You got the moves. (Mat. P

1.25)

You Got the moves Actor Material Process Goal

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Actor because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, “the moves” as the Goal and “got” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Better when I’m dancing on the lyric: We can do this together. (Mat.

P 1.26)

We Can do This Together Actor Circ. View Material Process Goal Circ. Manner

From the data above shows that“We” is called as the Actor, “this” as the

Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “can do” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Better when I’m dancing on the lyric: When you finally let go. (Mat.

P 1.27)

When You finally let Go Circ. Time Actor Circ. Manner Goal Material Process

From the data above shows that“You” is called as the Actor because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, “go” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Me too on the lyric: I can’t help lovin myself. (Mat. P 1.28)

I can‟t help lovin Myself Actor Material Process Goal Actor

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Actor, “lovin myself” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “can‟t help” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Your lips are moving on the lyric: You can buy me diamond earrings.

(Mat. P 1.29)

You can buy me diamond earrings Actor Material Process Actor Goal

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Actor, “diamond earrings” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “buy” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Marvin Gaye on the lyric: Don’t have to share with no one else. (Mat.

P 1.30)

You don‟t have to share with no one else Actor Circ. View Material Process Goal

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Actor, “no one else” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “share” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Marvin Gaye on the lyric: Don’t keep your secrets to yourself. (Mat.

P 1.31)

You don‟t keep your secrets to yourself Actor Material Process Actor Goal Actor

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Actor, “secrets” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “keep” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Let You be Right on the lyric: When I break things. (Mat. P 1.32)

When I break Things Circ. Time Actor Material Process Goal

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Actor, “things” as the

Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a

source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “break” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process).

Song Tittle: Let You be Right on the lyric: I make things. (Mat. P 1.33)

When I break Things Circ. Time Actor Material Process Goal

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Actor, “things” as the

Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “make” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). b. Mental Process

The mental process is a process that describes an activity which related to the senses, feeling, thinking, cognition, and perception occurs in a human being, such as see, know, love, hate, aware, hear and so on (Saragih, 2006 ). Sina (2012) was categorized the mental process into groups. The mental process found 35 times in Meghan Trainor‟s song lyric which is supported by appendince by the code, which is supported by the data :

Song Tittle: No on the lyric: You need to let it go. (Men. P 1.34)

You Need let it go Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Senser, “let it go” as the Phenomenon because it like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember

and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “need” as the Mental

Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: No on the lyric: I’m believing every word. (Men. P 1.35)

I‟m Believing every word Seneser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that“I‟m” is called as the Senser, “every word” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “believing” as the

Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: No on the lyric: I’m thinking. (Men. P 1.36)

I‟m Thingking Senser Mental Process

From the data above shows that “I‟m” is called as the Senser because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and “thinking” as the Mental Process because it involve

not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: All about that bass on the lyric: You know I’m all about that bass.

(Men. P 1.37)

You Know I‟m all about that bass Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Senser, “I am all about that bass” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “know” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: All about that bass on the lyric: We know that shit ain’t real. (Men. P

1.38)

You Know I‟m all about that bass Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “We” is called as the Senser, “that shit ain‟t real” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “know” as the

Song Tittle: Like I’m gonna lose you on the lyric: Like a scene from a movie. Men.

P (1.39)

I Like a scene from a movie Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Senser, “scene from a movie” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “like” as the

Song Tittle: Like I’m gonna lose you on the lyric: I realized. Men. P (1.40)

I Realized Senser Mental Process

From the data above shows that“I” is called as the Senser because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense, and “realized” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological

events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Like I’m gonna lose you on the lyric: You could lose everything. Men.

P (1.41)

You could lose everything Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Senser,

“everything” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and “lose” as the

Song Tittle: Like I’m gonna lose you on the lyric: To say what we want. Men. P

(1.42)

To say What we want Phenomenon Circ. Matter Senser Mental Proces

From the data above shows that “We” is called as the Senser, “to say” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and “want” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind

or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Like I’m gonna lose you on the lyric: We were not promised tomorrow. Men. P (1.43)

We were not promised tomorrow Senser Mental Process Circ. Time

From the data above shows that“We” is called as the Senser because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense, and “promised” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Better when I’m dancing on the lyric: I don’t think about it. (Men. P

1.44)

I don‟t think about it Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Senser, “it” as the

Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete

process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Better when I’m dancing on the lyric: I feel the rythim getting louder.

(Men. P 1.45)

I Feel the rythim getting louder Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that“I” is called as the Senser, “the rythim” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “feel” as the Mental

Song Tittle: Better when I’m dancing on the lyric: You listen to the music. (Men. P

1.46)

You Listen to the music Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Senser, “the music” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “listen” as the

Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as

states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Better when I’m dancing on the lyric: I feel better. (Men. P 1.47)

I Feel better Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that“I” is called as the Senser, “better” as the

Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “feel” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Me too on the lyric: I see overthere. (Men. P 1.48)

I See overthere Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Senser, “over there” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and “see” as the Mental

Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete

process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Me too on the lyric: You show me some respect (Men. P 1.49)

You Show me some respect Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that“You” is called as the Senser, “me some respect” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and “show” as the

Song Tittle: Let you be right on the lyric: Don’t forget you love me. (Men. P 1.50)

Don‟t forget You love Me Circ.Matter Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Senser, “me” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon “love” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of

doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Let you be right on the lyric: Don’t hate me. (Men. P 1.51)

Don‟t hate Me Mental Process Senser

From the data above shows that “Me” is called as the Senser, because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense, and “hate” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: What if I on the lyric: I wanna kiss you tomorrow. (Men. P 1.52)

I wanna kiss you tomorrow Senser Mental Process Phenomenon Circ. Time

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Senser, “you” as the

Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “wanna” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: What if I on the lyric: You are not like other boys. (Men. P 1.53)

You Are not like Other boys Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Senser, “other boys” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “like” as the

Song Tittle: What if I on the lyric: Cause I like you (Men. P 1.54)

Cause I like you - Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Senser, “you” as the

Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “like” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: What if I on the lyric: You don’t be nervous. Men. P (1.55)

You Don‟t be Nervous Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Senser, “nervous” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “don‟t be” as the Mental

Song Tittle: What if I on the lyric: You ain’t trying to get in my bed. (Men. P 1.56)

You Ain‟t trying To get in my bed Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Senser, and “to get in my bed” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “trying” as the

Song Tittle: Marvin Gaye on the lyric: You got the healing that I want. (Men. P

1.57)

You Got the healing that I want Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Senser, “the healing” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and “got” as the Mental

Song Tittle: Marvin Gaye on the lyric: I’d love to be in trouble with you (Men. P

1.58)

I had love to be in trouble with you Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Senser, “to be in trouble with you” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and “love” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Marvin Gaye on the lyric: I’m like a stray without a home (Men. P

1.59)

I‟m Like a stray without a home Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “I‟m” is called as the Senser, “a stray without a home” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “like” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Marvin Gaye on the lyric: I’m like a dog without a bone (Men. P

1.60)

I‟m Like a dog without a bone Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “I‟m” is called as the Senser, “a dog without a bone” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “like” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking

about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Your lips are moving. on the lyric: If your lips are moving. (Men. P

1.61)

If Your lips Are moving - Senser Mental Process

From the data above shows that “Your lips” is called as the Senser because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense, and “are moving” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Your lips are moving. on the lyric: Boy look at me on my face. (Men.

P 1.62)

Boy Look At me on my face Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “Boy” is called as the Senser, “at me on my face” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “look” as the

Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about

concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Your lips are moving. on the lyric: You really think. (Men. P 1.63)

You Really Think Senser - Mental Process

From the data above shows that“You” is called as the Senser because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense, and “think” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: If you wanna be (Men. P 1.64)

If You wanna Be - Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Senser, “be” as the

Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “wanna” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: I deserve it, babe. (Men. P 1.65)

I Deserve it babe Senser Mental Process Senser Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Senser, and “it” as the

Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “deserve” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: You don’t forget the flowers every anniversary. (Men. P 1.66)

You don‟t forget the flowers every anniversary Senser Mental Process Phenomenon Circ. Time

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Senser, “the flowers” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and. “forget” as the

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: I’ll be perfect wife. (Men. P 1.67)

I will be perfect wife Senser Mental Process Phenomenon

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Senser, “perfect wife” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and “be” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: You don’t be thinking. (Men. P

1.68)

You don‟t be thinking Senser Circ. Role Mental Process

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Senser, “thinking” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and “don‟t be” as the Mental

c. Relational Process

Trainor‟s song lyric which is supported by appendince by the cod, which is supported by the data:

Song Tittle: No on the lyric: It’s so cute. (Rel. P 1.69)

It Is so cute Carrier Relational Process Attribute

From the data above shows that “It” is called as the Carrier, “so cute” as the attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the classification and “is” as the Relational Process because it typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something.

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: I am acting crazy. (Rel. P 1.70)

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Carrier, “acting crazy” as the Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the classification, and “am” as the

Relational Process because it typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the

same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something.

Song Tittle: All about that Bass on the lyric: It’s photoshaped (Rel. P 1.71)

It Is Photoshaped Token Relational Process Value

From the data above shows that “It” is called as the Carrier,

“photoshoped” as the Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the classification, and “is” as the

Relational Process because it typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something.

Song Tittle: Better When I’m Dancing on the lyric: You are confident. (Rel. P

1.72)

You Are Confident Carrier Relational Process Attributive

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Carrier,

“confident” as the Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the classification, and “are” as the

Song Tittle: Me too on the lyric: My life is a movie Tom Cruise. (Rel. P 1.73)

My life Is A movie Tom Cruise Token Relational Process Value

From the data above shows that “My life” is called as the Token,“a movie Tom Cruise” as the Value because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the classification, and “is” as the

Song Tittle: Like I’m Gonna Lose You on the lyric: The truth is you never knows.

(Rel. P 1.74)

The truth Is You never knows Token Relational Process Value

From the data above shows that “The truth” is called as the Carrier, “you never knows” as the Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the classification and “is” as the

Song Tittle: Your Lips Are Moving on the lyric: I’m classy girl. (Rel. P 1.75)

I Am A classy girl Token Relational Process Value

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Carrier, “classy girl” as the Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which

contains the “name” which gives the classification, and “am” as the Relational

Process because it typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something.

Song Tittle: Marvin Gaye on the lyric: It is Kama Sutra. (Rel. P 1.76)

It Is Kama sutra Token Relational Process Value

From the data above shows that “It” is called as the Carrier, “Kama

Sutra” as the Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the classification, and “is” as the

Song Tittle: What If I on the lyric: You are the first guy. (Rel. P 1.77)

You Are The first guy Carrier Relational Process Attributive

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Carrier, “the first guy” as the Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the classification, and “are” as the Relational

Song Tittle: Let You Be Right on the lyric: I’m crazy. (Rel. P 1.78)

I Am Crazy Carrier Relational Process Attributive

From the data above shows “I” is called as the Carrier, “crazy” as the

Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the

“name” which gives the classification, and “am” as the Relational Process because it typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something. d. Verbal Process

The verbal process is a process that shows a correlation between mental and relational process. It shows an activity that related to the information, Saragih

(2006: 34). The relational process found 8 times in Meghan Trainor‟s song lyric which is supported by appendince by the code, which is supported by the data :

Song Tittle: No on the lyric: First you gonna say. (Ver. P 1.79)

First You gonna say - Sayer Verbal Process

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Sayer, the sayer is the participant responsible for the verbal function, who encodes a signal source. It does not have to be a conscious participant although it typically is, but anything capable of putting out a signal, and “gonna say” as the verbal Process is process of saying or of symbolically signaling.

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: You tell me everythings alright.

Ver. P (1.80)

You Tell me Everythings alright Sayer Verbal Process Receiver Verbiage

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Sayer because the sayer is the participant responsible for the verbal function, who encodes a signal source. It does not have to be a conscious participant although it typically is, but anything capable of putting out a signal, “tell” as the Verbal Process because it is process of saying or of symbolically signaling and “everythings alright” as the

Verbiage because the verbiage is a nominalized statement of the verbal process, a noun expressing some kind of vebal behavior, a name for the verbalization itself statement, answer, question, and story.

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: You tell me I’m Beautiful Ver. P

(1.81)

You Tell me I‟m beautiful Sayer Verbal Process Receiver Verbiage

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: You said don’t leave me lonely.

(Ver. P 1.82)

You Said don‟t leave me lonely Sayer Verbal Process Verbiage Receiver

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Sayer because the sayer is the participant responsible for the verbal function, who encodes a signal source. It does not have to be a conscious participant although it typically is, but anything capable of putting out a signal, “said” as the Verbal Process because it is process of saying or of symbolically signaling, and “don‟t leave me lonely” as the

Song Tittle: Like I’m Gonna Lose You on the lyric: Like I’m saying goodbye. (Ver.

P 1.83)

Like I‟m saying Goodbye - Sayer Verbal Process Verbiage

From the data above shows that“I‟m” is called as the Sayer because the sayer is the participant responsible for the verbal function, who encodes a signal source. It does not have to be a conscious participant although it typically is, but anything capable of putting out a signal, “saying” as the Verbal Process because it is process of saying or of symbolically signaling, and “goodbye” as the Verbiage because the verbiage is a nominalized statement of the verbal process, a noun

expressing some kind of vebal behavior, a name for the verbalization itself statement, answer, question, and story.

Song Tittle: Your lips are moving on the lyric: You tell me that you are not just about that bass (Ver. P 1.84)

You tell Me that you are not just abou that bass Sayer Verbal Process Receiver Verbiage

From the data above shows that You” is called as the Sayer because the sayer is the participant responsible for the verbal function, who encodes a signal source. It does not have to be a conscious participant although it typically is, but anything capable of putting out a signal, “tell” as the Verbal Process because it is process of saying or of symbolically signaling, and “that you are not just about that bass” as the Verbiage because the verbiage is a nominalized statement of the verbal process, a noun expressing some kind of vebal behavior, a name for the verbalization itself statement, answer, question, and story.

Song Tittle: Marvin Gaye on the lyric: They say it in the song Ver. P (1.85)

They Say it In the song Sayer Verbal Process Receiver Verbiage

From the data above shows that “They” is called as the Sayer because the sayer is the participant responsible for the verbal function, who encodes a signal source. It does not have to be a conscious participant although it typically is, but anything capable of putting out a signal, “say” as the Verbal Process because it is process of saying or of symbolically signaling, and “it in the song” as the

Verbiage because the verbiage is a nominalized statement of the verbal process, a

noun expressing some kind of vebal behavior, a name for the verbalization itself statement, answer, question, and story.

Song Tittle: What If I on the lyric: Something tells me. (Ver. P 1.86)

Something Tells Me Verbiage Verbal Process Receiver

From the data above shows that“tells” as the Verbal Process because it is process of saying or of symbolically signaling, and “me” as the Verbiage because the verbiage is a nominalized statement of the verbal process, a noun expressing some kind of vebal behavior, a name for the verbalization itself statement, answer, question, and story. e. Behavioral Process

Behavior process is defined as an activity that has a physiological feature to express human physical behavior (Saragih, 2006). The behavioral process found

8 times in Meghan Trainor‟s song lyric which is supported by appendince by the code, which is supported by the data:

Song Tittle: Me too on the lyric: I woke up feeling this way. (Beh. P 1.87)

I woke up feelin this way Behaver Behavioral Process Circ. Cause

From the data above shows that “I” is called as the Behaver, because it is typically a conscious being (like a senser in the mental function clause). “woke up” as the Behavioral Process because the process ore like one of “doing” than one of “thinking/feeling”.

Song Tittle: Like I’m Gonna Lose You on the lyric: A breath of relief. (Beh. P

1.88)

A breath Of relief Behavioral Process Circ,Role

From the data above shows that “a breath” as the Behavioral Process because the process ore like one of “doing” than one of “thinking/feeling”. and

“relief” as the Circumtance.

Song Tittle: Like I’m Gonna Lose You on the lyric: In the blink of an eye. (Beh. P

1.89)

In the blink Of an eye Behavioral Process Circ.Role

From the data above shows that “in the blink” as the Behavioral Process because the process ore like one of “doing” than one of “thinking/feeling”.

Song Tittle: Dear future husband on the lyric: I’ll be sleeping on the left side of the ball. (Beh. P 1.90)

I Will be sleeping On the left side of the ball Behaver Behavioral Process Circ.Place

From the data above shows that“I” is called as the Behaver because it is typically a conscious being (like a senser in the mental function clause).,

“sleeping” as the Behavioral Process because the process ore like one of “doing” than one of “thinking/feeling”.

Song Tittle: Dear future husband on the lyric: You might get some kisses. (Beh. P

1.91)

You might get Some kisses Behaver - Behavioral Process

From the data above shows “You” is called as the Behaver because it is typically a conscious being (like a senser in the mental function clause)., “some kisses” as the Behavioral Process because the process ore like one of “doing” than one of “thinking/feeling”.

Song Tittle: Dear future husband on the lyric: Don’t have a dirty mind. (Beh. P

1.92)

Don‟t have a dirty mind Circ. Matter Behavioral Process

From the data above shows that “dirty mind” as the Behavioral Process because the process ore like one of “doing” than one of “thinking/feeling”.

Song Tittle: Let you be right on the lyric: You just kiss me at the next. (Beh. P

1.93)

You Just kiss Me at the next Behaver Behavioral Process Circ. Role

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Behaver because it is typically a conscious being (like a senser in the mental function clause), “kiss” as the Behavioral Process because the process ore like one of “doing” than one of

“thinking/feeling”.

Song Tittle: Marvin Gaye on the lyric: I’m screaming mercy (Beh. P 1.94)

I‟m Screaming Mercy Behaver Behavioral Process Circ, Manner

From the data above shows that“I” is called as the Behaver because it is typically a conscious being (like a senser in the mental function clause),

“screaming” as the Behavioral Process because the process ore like one of

“doing” than one of “thinking/feeling”. f. Existential Process

Existential function is process of existence. It represents that something exists or happens. The existential process found 5 times in Meghan Trainor‟s song lyric which is supported by appendince by the code, which is supported by the data:

Song Tittle: Like I’m gonna lose you on the lyric: You dissapeared (Exi. P 1.95)

You Disappeared Existent Existential Process

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Existent because the only obligatory participant in Existential function., and “dissapeared” as the

Existential Process because it typically employ the verb “be” or synonyms such as exist, arise and occur.

Song Tittle: Dear Future Husband on the lyric: Here is a few things (Exi. P 1.96)

Here is A few things Existential Function Existent

From the data above shows that “A few things” is called as the Existent because the only obligatory participant in Existential function, “woke up” as the

Existential Process because it typically employ the verb “be” or synonyms such as exist, arise and occur.

Song Tittle: Me Too on the lyric: There is me standing in the mirror (Exi. P 1.97)

There is me standing in the mirror Existential Function Existent Circ. Place

From the data above shows that “Me standing” is called as the Existent because the only obligatory participant in Existential function, “There is” as the

Existential Process because it typically employ the verb “be” or synonyms such as exist, arise and occur.

Song Tittle: Marvin Gaye on the lyric: There is loving in your eyes. (Exi. P 1.98)

There is Loving in your eyes Existential Process Existent Circ. Place

From the data above shows that“Loving” is called as the Existent because the only obligatory participant in Existential function, “There is” as the Existential

Process because it typically employ the verb “be” or synonyms such as exist, arise and occur.

Song Tittle: Your Lips are Moving on the lyric: When You are Here (Exi. P 1.99)

When You are Here Circ. Time Existent Existential function

From the data above shows that “You” is called as the Existent Existent because the only obligatory participant in Existential function, and “here” as the

Existential Process because it typically employ the verb “be” or synonyms such as exist, arise and occur. g. Meteorological Process

Meteorological process is a supplement type of minor processes which represents the process of wheathering or timing. The meteorological process

found 3 times in Meghan Trainor‟s song lyric which is supported by appendince by the code, which is supported by the data:

Song Tittle: Me too on the lyric: I thank God Everyday (Met. P 1.100)

I thank God everyday. Meteorological Process

From the data above shows that “I thank God Everyday “ as the

Meteorological Process because this process occurs with the impersonal it, which has no representational function, but does provide a subject, and it is followed by be and meteorological representations: wheathering and timing as in.

Song Tittle: Like I’m Gonna Lose you on the lyric: Let‟s take the time. (Met. P

1.100)

Let‟s take the time Meteorological Process

From the data above shows “ “ as the Meteorological Proces because this process occurs with the impersonal it, which has no representational function, but does provide a subject, and it is followed by be and meteorological representations: wheathering and timing as in..

Song Tittle: What If I on the lyric: I wanna kiss you tomorrow Met.P (1.102)

I wanna kiss you tomorrow Meteorological Process

From the data above shows that “I wanna kiss you tomorrow “ as the

Meteorological Process because this process occurs with the impersonal it, which

has no representational function, but does provide a subject, and it is followed by be and meteorological representations: wheathering and timing as in.

C. Research Findings

After analyzing all the data of the experiential Functions in song‟s lyric of

Meghan Trainor, I would like to give the findings by the counting to gain the most frequent function type in the song. The quality of each function will be shown below:

Number Experiential Function Quantity

1 Mental Process 35

2 Material Process 33

3 Relational Process 10

4 Verbal Process 8

5 Behavioral Process 8

6 Existensial Process 5

7 Meteorological Process 3

My interpretation to the results of the analysis is due to the song‟s lyric of

Meghan Trainor that contains about the interesting personal experiences of

Meghan Trainor. It means that the meaning showed in that text consists of action verbs realized through describes an activity which related to the senses, feeling, thinking, cognition, and perception occurs in a human being. In the case, the mental process dominates to the song.

As the material process dominated in the second position, it is interpreted that the meaning in the song‟s lyric of Meghan Trainor showed about in that lyrics consists of action verbs realized through process of doings and happenings It‟s also the reason why the material process is in the second position.

The third position in relational process, This happens because the meaning of the song‟s lyric showed about close relation among the American people.

The fourth position, the verbal and behavioral process, predominated only eight (8) in the clause. This happens because the meaning of the song‟s lyric are delivered by unreported speeches is relatively small in frequency. Then, so is the total number of behavioral process it means that behavioural process that contains of process of behaving relates to physiological and psychological behaviours.

The fifth, the existential process is the process of expressing that something exists or happens. It contains 5 lyrics on the song.Lastly,

Meteorological is rare to happen in the reader‟s discourse,

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

5.1. Conclusions

After analyzing all the data of the experiential functions in Meghan

Trainor song‟s lyric, I would like to provide some conclusions, they are:

1. Mental Process is as the most Frequent Process type in the Meghan Trainor song‟s lyric (35 clauses) followed by Material Process (33 clauses), Relational

Process (10 clauses), Verbal Process (8 clauses), Behavioural Function (8 clauses), Existential Function (5 clause). and the least is Meteorological Process

(3 clause).

2. All the song‟s lyric contain the experiential functions. Mental Process is as the most frequent and Meteorological Process is as the fewest.

3. The use of experiential function in Meghan Trainor song‟s lyric makes the purpose of the lyric clearer to listener the meaning.

4. We can know how experiential function differs from the variety of sentences in

Meghan Trainor song‟s lyric.

5.2. Suggestions

There are some suggestions to the listener or students who are interested in analyzing the experiential Functions:

1) The students who are interested in the analysis of experiential Functions to make the analysis in the literary works or in their kinds of discourse, either spoken or written, such as: newspaper, novels, magazines, etc.

2) The students who are interested in analyzing the experiential Functions to do further research or analysis by applying the whole aspects of Systemic Functional

Linguistics (SFL) and other things that you need to know first the charts where is come from the experiential function.

3) The readers should do further research on experiential function to enrich or increase the understanding about the experiential function itself.

REFERENCES

Eggins, S.1994. An Introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistic. London: Pinter.

Fairlough, N.1989. Language and Power . Malang: Boyan Publishing.

Fairclough, N. 2008. Academic Writing and Genre: A Systematic Analysis. London: Continuum

Gerot, L. and Wignell, P. 1994. Making Sense of Functional Grammar. Sidney: Gerd Stabler.

Halliday, M.A.K & Cristian, M.I.M. M. 2004. An Introduction To Functional Grammar. Third Edition. New York: Routledge.

Halliday, 1994. Introducing Functional Grammar. London: Edward Arnold.

Jorgensen,M.W & Phillips, L.J. 2010. Discourse Analysis:Theory and Methode. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Kress. 2003. Phasal and Experiential Realizations in Lecture Discourse A Systemic – Functional Analysis. Unpublished Dissertation. University of Malaya, Kuala Kumpur.

Lubis, D.S. 2008. An analysis of Experiential Function in Reader’s Digest Magazine’s Selected Articles. Medan: University of North Sumatera.

Mc Carthy, C. 1992. Theory and Discourse Analysis: Systemic Functional Linguistics Approach. Terrain: Terrain Partners

Saragih, A. 2006. Language in Social Context: Systemic Functional Linguistics Approach to Grammar and discourse. Medan State University: Graduate School. Schiffrin, D. 2007. Approaches Of Discourse. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Sembiring, E.C. 2008. The Analysis of Six Types of Experiential Function in the Holy Bible: Titus. Medan: University of North Sumatera.

Silvana, S.T. 2008. Teori & Analisis Wacana Pendekatan Sistemik – Fungsional.Medan: Pustaka Bangsa Press.

Stubbs, A. 1983. Media Text Analysis: An Introduction to Discourse Analysis, Semiotics Analysis and Framing Analysis. Bandung: Youth Rosdakarya.

Titscher, S. 2009. Methods Of Text and Discourse Analysis. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Appendince

No Types of Experiential Function Song Tittle Data Code Meaning I think Mat. P (1.1) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Actor because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a 1 manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “think” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). Your friends encourage you Mat. P (1.2) From the data shows that Material Process No “Your friends” is called as the Actor and “you” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or 2 creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “encourage” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). Let me stop you there Mat. P (1.3) From the data shows that 3 “Me” is called as the Actor, “you” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “stop” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). You came along Mat. P (1.4) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Actor because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a 4 manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “came along” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). All about that Mat. P (1.5) From the data shows that bass “We” is called as the Actor, “it” as the Goal because a 5 We gonna take it participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “gonna take” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). You need to know Mat. P (1.6) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Actor because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a 6 manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “need to know” as the material process because clause with a Dear Future material function obligatorily Husband have a doing (process). If you treat me right Mat. P (1.7) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Actor, “me” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in 7 one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “treat” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). What you need Mat. P (1.8) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Actor because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a 8 manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “need” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). I’m baking apple pies Mat. P (1.9) From the data shows that “I’m” is called as the Actor, “apple pies” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or 9 creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “baking” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). You make time for me Mat. P (1.10) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Actor, “me” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity 10 and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “time” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily Dear Future have a doing (process). Husband Open doors for me Mat. P (1.11) From the data shows that “Me” is called as the Actor, Material Process “door” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity 11 and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “open” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). I found my self dreaming Mat. P (1.12) From the data shows that “I” Like I’m is called as the Actor, “my self 12 gonna lose dreaming” as the Goal because you a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “found” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). I won’t take you for granted Mat. P (1.13) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Actor, “you” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity 13 and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “won’t take” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). I will make dream Mat. P (1.14) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Actor, “dream” as the Goal because a 14 participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “will make” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). You love with no regrets Mat. P (1.15) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Actor, “no regrets” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or 15 creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “love” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). You held me close Mat. P (1.16) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Actor, “close” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in 16 one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “held” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). I’m gonna hold you Mat. P (1.17) From the data shows that “I’m” is called as the Actor, “you” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity 17 and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “hold” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). I get Mat. P (1.18) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Actor because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a 18 manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “get” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). I show the world Mat. P (1.19) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Actor, “the world” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity 19 and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “show” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). Better when You make your hips sway Mat. P (1.20) From the data above shows Material Process I’m dancing that “You” is called as the Actor, “your hips sway” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity 20 and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “make” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). 21 Just move your body Mat. P (1.21) From the data shows that “Your body” is called as the Actor, because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “move” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). Just move those left feet Mat. P (1.22) From the data shows that “Left Feet” is called as the Actor because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity 22 and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for,and “move” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). Anyone can do it Mat. P (1.23) From the data shows that “Anyone” is called as the 23 Actor, “it” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “do” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). What you can do Mat. P (1.24) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Actor because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a 24 manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “do” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). You got the moves Mat. P (1.25) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Actor because a participant who is 25 involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, “the moves” as the Goal and “got” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). We can do this together Mat. P (1.26) From the data shows that“We” is called as the Actor, “this” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity 26 and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “can do” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). When you finally let go. Mat. P (1.27) From the data shows that“You” is called as the Actor because a participant who is involved in one 27 material process called as a source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, “go” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). I can’t help lovin myself Mat. P (1.28) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Actor, “lovin myself” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity 28 and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “can’t help” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing Material Process Me too (process).. You can buy me diamond Mat. P (1.29) From the data shows that earrings “You” is called as the Actor, “diamond earrings” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a 29 source or creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “buy” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). Don’t have to share with no Mat. P (1.30) From the data shows that one else “You” is called as the Actor, “no one else” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or 30 creator of activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “share” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). Marvin Gaye Don’t keep your secrets to Mat. P (1.31) From the data shows that yourself “You” is called as the Actor, “secrets” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of 31 activity and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “keep” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process). When I break things Mat. P (1.32) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Actor, “things” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity 32 and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “break” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing Let You be (process). Right I make things Mat. P (1.33) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Actor, “things” as the Goal because a participant who is involved in one material process called as a source or creator of activity 33 and it is a manifestation form where the process is addressed for, and “make” as the material process because clause with a material function obligatorily have a doing (process) You need to let it go. Men. P (1.34) From the data shows that 34 Mental Process No “You” is called as the Senser, “let it go” as the Phenomenon because it like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “need” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. I’m believing every word. Men. P (1.35) From the data shows that“I’m” is called as the Senser, “every word” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, 35 want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “believing” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. No I’m thinking Men. P (1.36) From the data shows that “I’m” is called as the Senser because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and “thinking” as the Mental Process because it involve not 36 Mental Process material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. 37 All about that You know I am all about Men. P (1.37) From the data shows that Bass that bass “You” is called as the Senser, “I am all about that bass” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “know” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.. We know that shit ain’t real Men. P (1.38) From the data shows that “We” is called as the Senser, “that shit ain’t real” as the Phenomenon because like a 38 human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “know” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. I like a scene from a movie. Men. P (1.39) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Senser, “scene from a movie” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think Like I’m in which these senses known 39 Gonna Lose as sensory sense and the You second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “like” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. I realized Men. P (1.40) From the data shows that“I” is called as the Senser because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense, and “realized” as the Mental Process because it involve not 40 material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. You could lose everything Men. P (1.41) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Senser, “everything” as the 41 Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and “lose” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. To say what we want Men. P (1.42) From the data shows that “We” is called as the Senser, “to say” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these 42 senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and “want” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. We were not promised Men. P (1.43) From the data shows that“We” tomorrow is called as the Senser because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense, and “promised” as the Mental Process because it involve not 43 material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling I don’t think about it. Men. P (1.44) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Senser, “it” as Better When 44 Mental Process the Phenomenon because like I’m Dancing a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “don’t think” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling I feel the rythim getting Men. P (1.45) From the data shows that“I” is louder. called as the Senser, “the rythim” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these 45 senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “feel” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. You listen to the music Men. P (1.46) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Senser, “the music” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called 46 phenomenon, and “listen” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. I feel better Men. P (1.47) From the data shows that“I” is called as the Senser, “better” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “feel” as the 47 Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. I see over there Men. P (1.48) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Senser, “over there” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can 48 Me too see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and “see” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. You show me some Men. P (1.49) From the data above shows respect. that“You” is called as the Senser, “me some respect” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the 49 second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and “show” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.. Let you be Don’t forget you love me Men. P (1.50) From the data shows that RIght “You” is called as the Senser, “me” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon “love” as the 50 Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. Let you be Don’t hate me. Men. P (1.51) From the data shows that 51 Mental Process Right “Me” is called as the Senser, because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense, and “hate” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.. I wanna kiss you tomorrow Men. P (1.52) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Senser, “you” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and 52 What If I the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “wanna” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling.. You are not like other Men. P (1.53) From the data shows that boys. “You” is called as the Senser, “other boys” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called 53 phenomenon, and “like” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. 54 Cause I like you Men. P (1.54) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Senser, “you” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “like” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. You don’t be nervous. Men. P (1.55) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Senser, “nervous” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can 55 see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “don’t be” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. You ain’t trying to get in Men. P (1.56) From the data shows that my bed. “You” is called as the Senser, and “to get in my bed” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the 56 second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “trying” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. You got the healing that I Men. P (1.57) From the data shows that want. “You” is called as the Senser, “the healing” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called 57 phenomenon and “got” as the Mental Process because it Marvin Gaye involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. I’d love to be in trouble Men. P (1.58) From the data shows that “I” 58 is called as the Senser, “to be in trouble with you” as the with you. Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and “love” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. I’m like a stray without a Men. P (1.59) From the data shows that home. “I’m” is called as the Senser, “a stray without a home” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, 59 Mental Process Marvin Gaye want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “like” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling I’m like a dog without a Men. P (1.60) From the data shows that bone “I’m” is called as the Senser, “a dog without a bone” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the 60 second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “like” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling If your lips are moving Men. P (1.61) From the data shows that “Your lips” is called as the Senser because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense, and “are moving” as the Mental Process because it 61 involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological Your lips are events. People are not always moving talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling Boy look at me on my Men. P (1.62) From the data shows that face. “Boy” is called as the Senser, “at me on my face” as the 62 Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “look” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. You really think Men. P (1.63) From the data shows that“You” is called as the Senser because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense, and “think” as the 63 Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. If you wanna be Men. P (1.64) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Senser, “be” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “wanna” as 64 the Mental Process because it involve not material action but Dear Future phenomena described as states Husband of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. I deserve it, babe. Men. P (1.65) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Senser, and 65 “it” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon, and “deserve” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. You don’t forget the flowers Men. P (1.66) From the data shows that every anniversary. “You” is called as the Senser, “the flowers” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think Dear Future 66 Mental Process in which these senses known Husband as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and. “forget” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. I’ll be perfect wife. Men. P (1.67) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Senser, “perfect wife” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called 67 phenomenon and “be” as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. You don’t be thinking Men. P (1.68) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Senser, “thinking” as the Phenomenon because like a human who can see, feel, want, to remember and think in which these senses known as sensory sense and the second subject that is preceded by participant called phenomenon and “don’t be” 68 as the Mental Process because it involve not material action but phenomena described as states of mind or psychological events. People are not always talking about concrete process of doing. They often not talk about what are they doing but about what are they thinking or feeling. No It’s so cute Rel. P (1.69) From the data shows that “It” is called as the Carrier, “so cute” as the attribute because 69 Relational Process the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the classification and “is” as the Relational Process because it typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something. Dear Future I am acting crazy. Rel. P (1.70) From the data shows that “I” Husband is called as the Carrier, “acting crazy” as the Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the classification, 70 and “am” as the Relational Process because it typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something. All about that It’s photoshaped Rel. P (1.71) From the data shows that “It” Bass is called as the Carrier, 71 “photoshoped” as the Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the classification, and “is” as the Relational Process because it typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something. Better When You are confident. Rel. P (1.72) From the data shows that I’m Dancing “You” is called as the Carrier, “confident” as the Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the classification, 72 and “are” as the Relational Process because it typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something. Me too My life is a movie Tom Rel. P (1.73) From the data shows that “My 73 Cruise life” is called as the Token,“a movie Tom Cruise” as the Value because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the classification, and “is” as the Relational Process because it typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something. Like I’m The truth is you never Rel. P (1.74) From the data shows that “The Gonna Lose knows. truth” is called as the Carrier, You “you never knows” as the Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the 74 Relational Process classification and “is” as the Relational Process because it typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something. Your Lips I’m classy girl. Rel. P (1.75) From the data shows that “I” Are Moving is called as the Carrier, “classy girl” as the Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the classification, and “am” as the 75 Relational Process because it typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something. Marvin Gaye It is Kama Sutra Rel. P (1.76) From the data shows that “It” is called as the Carrier, “Kama Sutra” as the Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” 76 which gives the classification, and “is” as the Relational Process because it typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something What If I You are the first guy. Rel. P (1.77) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Carrier, “the first guy” as the Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains the “name” which gives the classification, 77 and “are” as the Relational Process because it typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something Let You Be I’m crazy Rel. P (1.78) From the data shows “I” is RIght called as the Carrier, “crazy” as the Attribute because the carrier and attribute is the nominal group which contains 78 the “name” which gives the classification, and “am” as the Relational Process because it typically realized by the verb be or some verb of the same class. It can be classified according to whether it is being used to identify something or to assign quality to something No First you gonna say Ver. P (1.79) From the data shows that “You” is called as the Sayer, the sayer is the participant responsible for the verbal function, who encodes a signal source. It does not have to be 79 a conscious participant although it typically is, but anything capable of putting out a signal, and “gonna say” as the verbal Process is Verbal Process process of saying or of symbolically signaling. Dear Future You tell me everythings Ver. P (1.80) From the data shows that Husband alright. “You” is called as the Sayer because the sayer is the participant responsible for the verbal function, who encodes 80 a signal source. It does not have to be a conscious participant although it typically is, but anything capable of putting out a signal, “tell” as the Verbal Process because it is process of saying or of symbolically signaling and “everythings alright” as the Verbiage because the verbiage is a nominalized statement of the verbal process, a noun expressing some kind of vebal behavior, a name for the verbalization itself statement, answer, question, and story. Dear Future You tell me I’m Beautiful Ver. P (1.81) From the data shows that Husband “You” is called as the Sayer because the sayer is the participant responsible for the verbal function, who encodes a signal source. It does not have to be a conscious participant although it 81 Verbal Process typically is, but anything capable of putting out a signal, “tell” as the Verbal Process because it is process of saying or of symbolically signaling and “I’m Beautiful” as the Verbiage because the verbiage is a nominalized statement of the verbal process, a noun expressing some kind of vebal behavior, a name for the verbalization itself statement, answer, question, and story You said don’t leave me Ver. P (1.82) From the data shows that lonely “You” is called as the Sayer because the sayer is the participant responsible for the verbal function, who encodes a signal source. It does not have to be a conscious participant although it typically is, but anything capable of putting out a signal, “said” as the Verbal Process 82 because it is process of saying or of symbolically signaling, and “don’t leave me lonely” as the Verbiage because the verbiage is a nominalized statement of the verbal process, a noun expressing some kind of vebal behavior, a name for the verbalization itself statement, answer, question, and story 83 Like I’m Like I’m saying goodbye. Ver. P (1.83) From the data shows Gonna Lose that“I’m” is called as the You Sayer because the sayer is the participant responsible for the verbal function, who encodes a signal source. It does not have to be a conscious participant although it typically is, but anything capable of putting out a signal, “saying” as the Verbal Process because it is process of saying or of symbolically signaling, and “goodbye” as the Verbiage because the verbiage is a nominalized statement of the verbal process, a noun expressing some kind of vebal behavior, a name for the verbalization itself statement, answer, question, and story. Your lips are You tell me that you are not Ver. P (1.84) From the data shows that moving. just about that bass You” is called as the Sayer because the sayer is the participant responsible for the 84 verbal function, who encodes a signal source. It does not have to be a conscious participant although it typically is, but anything capable of putting out a signal, “tell” as the Verbal Process because it is process of saying or of symbolically signaling, and “that you are not just about that bass” as the Verbiage because the verbiage is a nominalized statement of the verbal process, a noun expressing some kind of vebal behavior, a name for the verbalization itself statement, answer, question, and story. Marvin Gaye They say it in the song Ver. P (1.85) From the data shows that “They” is called as the Sayer because the sayer is the participant responsible for the verbal function, who encodes a signal source. It does not have to be a conscious 85 participant although it typically is, but anything capable of putting out a signal, “say” as the Verbal Process because it is process of saying or of symbolically signaling, and “it in the song” as the Verbiage because the verbiage is a nominalized statement of the verbal process, a noun expressing some kind of vebal behavior, a name for the verbalization itself statement, answer, question, and story. What If I Something tells me. Ver. P (1.86) From the data shows that“tells” as the Verbal Process because it is process of saying or of symbolically signaling, and “me” as the Verbiage because the verbiage 86 is a nominalized statement of the verbal process, a noun expressing some kind of vebal behavior, a name for the verbalization itself statement, answer, question, and story. Me too I woke up feeling this way. Beh. P (1.87) From the data shows that “I” is called as the Behaver, because it is typically a conscious being (like a senser 87 Behavioral Process in the mental function clause). “woke up” as the Behavioral Process because the process ore like one of “doing” than one of “thinking/feeling” A breath of relief. Beh. P (1.88) From the data shows that “a breath” as the Behavioral Process because the process 88 ore like one of “doing” than one of “thinking/feeling”. and “relief” as the Circumtance In the blink of an eye Beh. P (1.89) From the data shows that “in the blink” as the Behavioral 89 Like I’m Process because the process Gonna Lose ore like one of “doing” than You one of “thinking/feeling” I’ll be sleeping on the left Beh. P (1.90) From the data shows that“I” is side of the ball. called as the Behaver because it is typically a conscious being (like a senser in the 90 mental function clause)., “sleeping” as the Behavioral Behavioral Process Process because the process ore like one of “doing” than Dear future one of “thinking/feeling” husband You might get some kisses Beh. P (1.91) From the data shows “You” is called as the Behaver because it is typically a conscious being (like a senser in the 91 mental function clause)., “some kisses” as the Behavioral Process because the process ore like one of “doing” than one of “thinking/feeling” Don’t have a dirty mind Beh. P (1.92) From the data shows that “dirty mind” as the Behavioral 92 Process because the process ore like one of “doing” than one of “thinking/feeling” Let you be You just kiss me at the next. Beh. P (1.93) From the data shows that right “You” is called as the Behaver because it is typically a conscious being (like a senser 93 in the mental function clause), “kiss” as the Behavioral Process because the process ore like one of “doing” than one of “thinking/feeling” Marvin Gaye I’m screaming mercy Beh. P (1.94) From the data shows that“I” is called as the Behaver because it is typically a conscious being (like a senser in the 94 mental function clause), “screaming” as the Behavioral Process because the process ore like one of “doing” than one of “thinking/feeling” Like I’m You dissapeared Exi. P (1.95) From the data shows that 95 Existential Process gonna lose “You” is called as the Existent you because the only obligatory participant in Existential function., and “dissapeared” as the Existential Process because it typically employ the verb “be” or synonyms such as exist, arise and occur Dear Future Here is a few things Exi. P (1.96) From the data shows that “A Husband few things” is called as the Existent because the only obligatory participant in 96 Existential function, “woke up” as the Existential Process because it typically employ the verb “be” or synonyms such as exist, arise and occur Me Too There is me standing in the Exi. P (1.97) From the data shows that “Me mirror standing” is called as the Existent because the only obligatory participant in 97 Existential function, “There is” as the Existential Process because it typically employ the verb “be” or synonyms such as exist, arise and occur Marvin Gaye There is loving in your eyes Exi. P (1.98) From the data shows that“Loving” is called as the 98 Existent because the only obligatory participant in Existential function, “There is” as the Existential Process because it typically employ the verb “be” or synonyms such as exist, arise and occur Your Lips are When You are Here Exi. P (1.99) From the data shows that Moving “You” is called as the Existent Existent because the only obligatory participant in Existential function, and 99 Existential Process “here” as the Existential Process because it typically employ the verb “be” or synonyms such as exist, arise and occur. Me too I thank God Everyday Met. P (1.100) From the data shows that “I thank God Everyday “ as the Meteorological Process because this process occurs with the impersonal it, which 100 has no representational Meteorological Process function, but does provide a subject, and it is followed by be and meteorological representations: wheathering and timing as in Like I’m Let’s take the time. Met. P (1.101) From the data shows “Let’s 101 Gonna Lose take the time“ as the you Meteorological Proces because this process occurs with the impersonal it, which has no representational function, but does provide a subject, and it is followed by be and meteorological representations: wheathering and timing as in What If I I wanna kiss you tomorrow. Met.P (1.102) From the data shows that “I wanna kiss you tomorrow “ as the Meteorological Process because this process occurs with the impersonal it, which 102 has no representational function, but does provide a subject, and it is followed by be and meteorological representations: wheathering and timing as in.

NOTE : Mat. P : Material Process Beh.P : Behavioral Process Men.P : Mental Process Exi.P : Existential Process Rel.P : Relational Process Met.P : Meteorological Process Ver.P : Verbal Process CURRICULUM VITAE

PERSONAL DATA

Name : Radhi Manfaluthi

Place & Date of Birth : Medan, 10 Maret 1997

Gender : Male

Religion : Moslem

Address : Jl. A.R Hakim No.144 Medan

Phone Number : +628126920123

Marital Status : Single

Hobby : Gaming

Father’s Name : Arman Chan

Mother’s Name : Ratna Irwana nasution S.pd

Sibling Name : Rafdi Mustaqim Arwan

Nationality : Indonesian

Email : [email protected]

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Period School/Institution Major

2002-2008 SD Taman Siswa Medan _

2008-2011 SMP Al-ulum Medan _ 2011-2014 SM N 6 Medan - 2014-2018 University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatera English Education