Faust’ Vom Volksbuch Bis Grabbes ‚Don Juan Und Faust’“

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Faust’ Vom Volksbuch Bis Grabbes ‚Don Juan Und Faust’“ View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by OTHES DIPLOMARBEIT Doktor und Nekromant „Elemente des Narratives ‚Faust’ vom Volksbuch bis Grabbes ‚Don Juan und Faust’“ Verfasserin Sophie Müller-Vaclav angestrebter akademischer Grad Magistra der Philosophie (Mag.a phil.) Wien, 2011 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 317 Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt: Theater-, Film- & Medienwissenschaft Betreuerin / Betreuer: Univ.-Doz. Mag. Dr. Brigitte Dalinger Vielen Dank an meine Mutter, die immer geduldig war und ein offenes Ohr für mich hatte und an meinen Mann, der mir in schwierigen Zeiten immer zur Seite stand und mir Mut machte. Und schließlich bedanke ich mich bei meinem Vater – ich weiß, er wäre stolz auf mich. 2 Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis __________________________________________________________ 3 Vorwort __________________________________________________________________ 6 Einleitung _________________________________________________________________ 7 Forschungsfrage ___________________________________________________________ 9 1 Die Elemente des Narratives „Faust“ _____________________________________ 10 2 Es war einmal im 15. Jahrhundert: der historische Faust und sein Vermächtnis__ 11 3 Fausts literarische Auferstehung: das Volksbuch ____________________________ 16 3.1 Inhalt & Form ______________________________________________________ 16 3.2 Wichtige Elemente der Faust-Geschichte_________________________________ 17 3.3 Geschichtliche Entwicklung und Hintergründe ____________________________ 19 3.4 Themen und Motive im Volksbuch von 1587______________________________ 21 3.5 Leserschaft des Volksbuches___________________________________________ 22 4 Die Geburt einer Legende – Marlowe und sein Faust-Bild ____________________ 23 4.1 Inhalt und Form ____________________________________________________ 23 4.2 Wichtige Elemente der Faust-Geschichte_________________________________ 24 4.3 Hintergründe_______________________________________________________ 25 4.4 Themen und Motive _________________________________________________ 25 4.5 Marlowes Einfluss auf das europäische Festland ___________________________ 27 5 Faust auf den Puppenbühnen: Karl Simrocks „Doktor Johannes Faust. Puppenspiel in vier Aufzügen“ und Johann Geißelbrechts „Doctor Faust“ _____________________ 29 5.1 Die Texte im Detail _________________________________________________ 31 5.1.1 Johann Georg Geißelbrecht: „Doctor Faust. Eine alte Volks-Sage, aus den Zeiten des 12ten Jahrhunderts in 5 Aufzügen“ ______________________________________ 31 5.1.2 Karl Simrock: „Doktor Johannes Faust. Puppenspiel in vier Aufzügen“_______ 32 5.1.3 Wichtige Elemente der Faust-Geschichte_______________________________ 33 5.2 Die Texte _________________________________________________________ 35 5.2.1 Formale Strukturen ________________________________________________ 35 5.2.2 Ort _____________________________________________________________ 36 5.2.3 Schauplätze ______________________________________________________ 37 5.2.4 Personen ________________________________________________________ 39 5.2.4.1 Faust und Mephistopheles _______________________________________ 39 5.2.4.2 Kasperle/Hanswurst/Casper______________________________________ 42 5.2.4.3 Der Pakt - die Beziehung zwischen Faust und Mephistopheles __________ 44 5.2.4.4 Nebenfiguren _________________________________________________ 46 3 5.3 Quellen und Aufbau _________________________________________________ 46 5.4 Sprache ___________________________________________________________ 48 5.5 Regieanweisungen __________________________________________________ 51 5.6 Das Publikum ______________________________________________________ 53 5.7 Historischer Kontext_________________________________________________ 56 5.7.1 Exkurs: die Stellung der Wissenschaft _________________________________ 58 5.7.2 Exkurs: Faust und Deutschland_______________________________________ 59 5.8 Theatergeschichtliche Umstände _______________________________________ 61 5.8.1 Die Entwicklung der lustigen Figur ___________________________________ 61 5.8.2 Die Entwicklung der Puppenbühne im deutschsprachigen Raum ____________ 63 5.8.2.1 Geschichte des Puppenspiels in Österreich __________________________ 64 5.8.2.2 Exkurs: Handpuppen-Bühnen ____________________________________ 65 5.8.3 Die Situation des deutschsprachigen Theaters ___________________________ 65 5.8.4 Die gesellschaftliche Stellung der Wanderbühnen ________________________ 67 5.8.5 Die Puppenspiele auf der Bühne – die Praxis____________________________ 68 5.9 Kernaussage der Texte _______________________________________________ 71 5.10 Rezeptionsgeschichte ________________________________________________ 72 5.11 Das Ulmer Puppenspiel ______________________________________________ 73 5.11.1 Der Text im Detail: „Doktor Johannes Faust. Schauspiel in zwei Teilen“____ 73 5.12 Die drei Puppenspiele im Vergleich – eine Chronologie _____________________ 75 5.13 „Faust“ auf den Puppenbühnen der Gegenwart ____________________________ 75 5.13.1 Marionettenbühne Bille___________________________________________ 76 5.13.1.1 Das Theater ________________________________________________ 76 5.13.1.2 „Doktor Faust“______________________________________________ 76 5.13.2 Bamberger Marionettentheater _____________________________________ 78 5.13.2.1 Das Theater ________________________________________________ 78 5.13.2.2 „Doctor Johann Faust“ _______________________________________ 78 6 Fausts Wege im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert __________________________________ 80 6.1 Das 19. Jahrhundert _________________________________________________ 80 7 Christian Dietrich Grabbe: „Don Juan und Faust“ __________________________ 83 7.1 Christian Dietrich Grabbe als Theaterautor _______________________________ 83 7.2 Der Text „Don Juan und Faust“________________________________________ 84 7.2.1 Die Idee_________________________________________________________ 84 7.2.2 Der Inhalt _______________________________________________________ 85 7.2.3 „Don Juan und Faust“ als Faust-Geschichte ____________________________ 86 7.2.4 Der Text ________________________________________________________ 88 7.2.5 Zeit und Ort______________________________________________________ 89 7.2.6 Personen ________________________________________________________ 92 7.2.6.1 Faust________________________________________________________ 92 4 7.2.6.1.1 Beziehung Faust - Teufel______________________________________ 95 7.2.6.2 Don Juan ____________________________________________________ 95 7.2.6.3 Donna Anna__________________________________________________ 97 7.2.6.4 Die Beziehung Don Juan - Faust __________________________________ 99 7.2.7 Sprache und Stil _________________________________________________ 100 7.2.8 Die Motive _____________________________________________________ 100 7.2.9 Grabbe am Theater: das Problem der Theatralität _______________________ 101 7.2.10 Grabbes Dramen als Theatertexte __________________________________ 103 7.2.11 Kernbotschaft _________________________________________________ 107 7.2.12 Das Problem der Liebe bei Grabbe _________________________________ 108 7.2.13 Quellen ______________________________________________________ 108 7.2.14 Aufführungsgeschichte __________________________________________ 109 7.2.15 Rezeptionsgeschichte ___________________________________________ 111 8 Faust im 20. Jahrhundert ______________________________________________ 112 8.1 Faust am Theater des 20. Jahrhunderts__________________________________ 112 8.1.1 Christoph Marthalers „Goethes Faust √1+2“___________________________ 113 8.1.2 Matthias Hartmanns „Faust, der Tragödie erster Teil“ und „Faust, der Tragödie zweiter Teil“__________________________________________________________ 114 8.1.3 Friederike Hellers „Doktor Faustus – my love is as a fever “_______________ 117 9 Fazit________________________________________________________________ 120 Zusammenfassung________________________________________________________ 122 Abstract ________________________________________________________________ 124 Bibliografie______________________________________________________________ 126 Primärliteratur __________________________________________________________ 126 Sekundärliteratur ________________________________________________________ 127 Aufsätze und Beiträge __________________________________________________ 129 Internetquellen__________________________________________________________ 135 Online-Nachschlagewerke _______________________________________________ 135 Theater-Websites ______________________________________________________ 135 Online-Kritiken _______________________________________________________ 135 Curriculum Vitae ________________________________________________________ 137 5 Vorwort Seit ich in meiner Schulzeit mit Goethes „Faust. Der Tragödie erster Teil“ konfrontiert wurde fesselte mich dieses Thema. Als ich dann darüber hinaus erfuhr, dass diese Geschichte auf einer uralten Tradition und auf einem realen Menschen beruht, wollte ich mich eingehender mit der Thematik befassen und las viele der Werke anderer Schriftsteller – wie etwa Thomas Mann, Heinrich Heine, Christopher Marlowe oder Nikolaus Lenau. Trotz der frühen Faszination für die Faust-Thematik, entdeckte ich diesen Stoff erst spät als Thema meiner Diplomarbeit. Doch als ich heraus fand, dass diese Geschichte eine sehr lange Tradition auf den Puppenbühnen hatte und dem großen Gelehrten Faust dabei eine lustige Figur zur
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