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Influenza H1n1 Mexico Pdf Influenza h1n1 mexico pdf Continue 2009 global H1N1 influenza virus pandemic 2009 swine flu pandemic 50,000+ confirmed cases 5,000–49,999 confirmed cases 500–4,999 confirmed cases 50–499 confirmed cases 5–49 confirmed cases 1–4 confirmed cases No confirmed casesDiseaseInfluenzaVirus strainPandemic H1N1/09 virusLocationWorldwideFirst outbreakNorth America[1][2]Index caseVeracruz, Mexico[1][3]Arrival dateSeptember 2008[4][5]DateJanuary 2009 – 10 August 2010[6][7]Confirmed cases491,382 (lab-confirmed)[8]Suspected cases‡700 million to 1.4 billion (estimate)[9]DeathsLab confirmed deaths: 18,449 (reported to the WHO)[10]Estimated death toll: 284,000[11]‡Suspected cases have not been confirmed as being due to this strain by laboratory tests, although some other strains may have been ruled out. Influenza (flu) Types of Avian A/H5N1 subtype of dogs horse pigs A/H1N1 subtype vaccine 2009 Pandemic Pandemrix Live fades seasonal flu vaccine brands Treatment Amantadin Laninamivir Oseltamivir Peramivir Rimantadine Umifenovir Vitamin D zinamivir Pandemic 1918 Spanish Flu 1957 Asian Flu 1968-1 Hong Kong Influenza 2009 Swine Flu Outbreak 1976 swine flu 2006 H5N1 India 2007 Australian Horse 2007 Bernard Matthews H5N1 2008 West Bengal 2015 U.S. H5N2 outbreak See also flu season flu evolution flu studies as disease vaccine reforming vte 2009 swine flu pandemic was a pandemic flu, flu outbreak outbreak, flu season study flu research as the disease vaccine reforming vte 2009 pandemic swine flu was a pandemic flu, flu outbreak, flu season studies which lasted about 19 months, january 2009 to August 2010, and was the second of two pandemics associated with the H1N1 influenza virus (the first of which was the Spanish influenza pandemic of 1918-1920). First described in April 2009, the virus turned out to be a new strain of H1N1, which was the result of a previous triple spread of avian, swine and human influenza viruses, which were later combined with the Eurasian swine flu virus, leading to the term swine flu. Some studies have estimated that the actual number of cases, including asymptome and mild cases, could eventually reach between 700 million and 1.4 billion people over time, or between 11 and 21 per cent of the world's population, which at the time was 6.8 billion. The lower cost of 700 million people is more than the 500 million people estimated to have been infected by the Spanish influenza pandemic. However, the Spanish flu infected a much higher proportion of the world's population at the time, with the Spanish flu infecting an estimated 500 million people, which was roughly equivalent to a third of the world's population during the pandemic. The number of laboratory-confirmed deaths reported by WHO is 18,449.10, although the H1N1 influenza pandemic in 2009 is estimated to have actually caused some 284,000 (in the range of 150,000 to 575,000) deaths. A follow-up study in September 2010, it was shown that the risk of serious illness as a result of H1N1 influenza 2009 was no higher than that of the annual seasonal flu. By comparison, WHO estimates that Between 250,000 and 500,000 people die each year from seasonal influenza. Unlike most influenza strains, the pandemic H1N1/09 virus does not disproportionately affect adults over 60 years of age; this was an unusual and characteristic feature of the H1N1 pandemic. Even in the case of previously healthy people, a small percentage develops pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This manifests itself as an increased difficulty of breathing and usually occurs three to six days after the initial onset of flu symptoms. Influenza- induced pneumonia can be either direct viral pneumonia or secondary bacterial pneumonia. A November 2009 New England Journal of Medicine article recommended that flu patients whose breast X-rays indicate pneumonia are receiving both antiviral drugs and antibiotics. Specifically, it is a warning sign if the child seems to get better and then relapses with a high fever, since this relapse may be bacterial pneumonia. For more information: The Pandemic H1N1/09 Pandemic Virus world Health Organization uses the term (H1N1) the 2009 pandemic when referring to an event, and officially adopted the name A(H1N1)pdm09 for the virus in 2010, after the pandemic ended. Disputes arose early on in a relatively wide range of terms used by journalists, academics and officials. Labels like H1N1 flu, swine flu, Mexican flu, and variations of them were typical. Criticism focuses on how these names can confuse or mislead the public. It was alleged that the names were overly technical (e.g. H1N1), which incorrectly means that the disease is caused by contact with pigs or pig products or is stigmatizing certain communities (e.g. Mexican). Some scholars at the time argued that there was nothing wrong with such names, while studies published many years later (in 2013) concluded that Mexican-Americans and Latinos were indeed stigmatized by the frequent use of the term Mexican flu in the media. Official organizations adopted conditions with varying sequences during the pandemic. The CDC used names such as novel flu (H1N1) or 2009 H1N1 flu. The Dutch National Institute of Public Health and Environment used the term swine flu early on. Officials in Taiwan have suggested using the names H1N1 influenza or new flu. The World Organization for Animal Health, based in Europe, has proposed the name North American Influenza. The European Commission has adopted the term new influenza virus. Officials in Israel and South Korea briefly considered adopting the name of the Mexican virus because of concerns over use the word pig. In Israel, objections were prompted by sensitivity to religious restrictions on pork consumption in the Jewish and Muslim population, and in Korea the importance of pork and domestic pigs affected the problems. How To in order to address these and other such issues, further criticism was expressed that the situation was unnecessarily confusing. For example, the newsroom in the journal Science has produced an article with the humorous title Swine Flu Names developing faster than the swine flu itself. Historical analysis of the virus's genetic divergence in samples from different cases has shown that the virus jumped to humans in 2008, probably after June, and no later than late November, probably around September 2008. The study also found that the virus had been hidden in pigs for several months prior to the outbreak, indicating the need for increased agricultural surveillance to prevent future outbreaks. In 2009, U.S. agricultural officials suggested, though stressed, that there was no way to prove their hypothesis that contrary to the popular assumption that a new swine flu pandemic originated on farms in Mexico, the virus most likely appeared in pigs in Asia, but then went to North America by humans. However, a subsequent report by researchers at Mount Sinai Medical School in 2016 showed that the 2009 H1N1 virus probably originated from pigs in a very small region of central Mexico. Mexican soldiers handing out protective masks to citizens originally called an outbreak, a widespread H1N1 infection, was first recognized in Veracruz, Mexico, with evidence that the virus was present for months before it was officially dubbed an epidemic. The Mexican government has closed most of Mexico City's public and private facilities in an attempt to contain the spread of the virus; however, it continued to spread throughout the world, and clinics in some areas were overwhelmed by infected people. The new virus was first isolated in late April by U.S. and Canadian laboratories from samples taken from people with influenza in Mexico, southern California and Texas. Soon the earliest known case of human history was related to the case of a 5-year-old boy in La Gloria, Mexico, on March 9, 2009, in a rural town in Veracruz. In late April, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared its first-ever public health emergency of international concern, or PHEIC, and in June, WHO and the CDC stopped counting cases and declared the outbreak a pandemic. Despite the unofficial name swine flu, the H1N1 influenza virus cannot spread by eating pork products; Like other influenza viruses, it is usually over infected from person to person, transmitting through respiratory drops. Symptoms usually last 4-6 days. Antiviral drugs (oseltamivir or zinamivir) have been recommended for people with more severe symptoms or in Risk. The pandemic began to decline in November 2009, and by 2010 the number of cases had dropped sharply. On August 10, 2010, Margaret Chan announced the end of the H1N1 pandemic and announced that the H1N1 influenza event had entered a post-pandemic period. According to WHO statistics (as of July 2010), the virus has killed more than 18,000 people since its inception in April 2009; however, they have found that the total mortality rate (including deaths, unconfirmed or unreported) from the H1N1 strain is certainly higher. Critics argued that WHO exaggerated the danger by spreading fear and confusion rather than immediate information. The WHO has launched an investigation to determine whether this scared people unnecessarily. A follow-up study of influenza conducted in September 2010 found that the risk of the most serious complications was not increased in adults or children. In an August 5, 2011 article, PLOS ONE researchers calculated that the global rate of H1N1 infection in 2009 was 11% to 21%, which is lower than previously expected. By 2012, however, studies had shown that up to 579,000 people could have been killed by the disease, as only those deaths confirmed by laboratory testing were included in the original number and meant that many of those who did not have access to health facilities remained unaccounted for.
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