DOCSLIB.ORG

The Pandemic Perhaps

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Pandemic Perhaps Th e Pandemic Perhaps This page intentionally left blank Th e Pandemic Perhaps Dramatic Events in a Public Culture of Danger Carlo Caduff University of California Press University of California Press, one of the most distinguished university presses in the United States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and natu ral sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from individuals and institutions. For more information, visit www . ucpress . edu. University of California Press Oakland, California © 2015 by Th e Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Caduff , Carlo, author. Th e pandemic perhaps : dramatic events in a public culture of danger / Carlo Caduff . pages cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-0-520-28408-1 (cloth : alk. paper) isbn 978-0-520-28409-8 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Infl uenza— United States— Forecasting. 2. Infl uenza— Social aspects— United States. 3. Infl uenza— United States— Prevention. 4. Epidemics— United States— Forecasting. 5. Epidemics— Social aspects— United States. 6. Epidemics— United States— Prevention. I. Title. RA644.I6C33 2015 614.5'18— dc23 2015011847 Manufactured in the United States of Ame rica 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Th e paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of ansi/ niso z39.48-1992 (r 2002) (Permanence of Paper). per bab e mumma This page intentionally left blank Th e category of perhaps is perhaps the best category to refer to what remains to come. Jacques Derrida This page intentionally left blank Contents List of Illustrations xi Ac know ledg ments xiii Introduction 1 1 • A Ferret’s Sneeze 36 2 • On the Run 60 3 • Casualties of Contagion 82 4 • Experiments of Concern 104 5 • A Real Test 129 6 • Th e Great Deluge 158 Epilogue 178 Note on the Cover Image 185 Notes 187 Bibliography 223 Index 243 This page intentionally left blank Illustrations 1. Th e avian fl u death threat 4 2. Th e bird fl u bomb 6 3. Th e great pandemic 9 4. Th e right prescription 13 5. Th e national strategy 17 6. Th e monster at our door 25 7. Can we beat infl uenza 41 8. A ferret in the cage 47 9. Th e answer to a prayer 48 10. Flu to the starboard 61 11. Th e fl u shot spectacle 77 12. It’s not fl u as usual 85 13. Th e standard medium 90 14. Th e harvesting 92 15. Th e serological test 94 16. Th e laboratory freezer 140 17. Today is the day before 150 xi This page intentionally left blank A c k n o w l e d g m e n t s I would like to extend my sincere gratitude to the scientists, public health pro- fessionals, and emergency planners in New York City, as well as those in Atlanta and Geneva, who were willing to spend time with me and share their insights, experiences, and expertise. Special thanks are due to Dr. Peter Palese at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City for engaging with my work and for allowing me to spend time in his lab and familiarize myself with experimental microbiological research. I was lucky indeed to have such an extraordinary interlocutor who always surprised me with his perspec- tive. In the Palese lab, Drs. Anice Lowen, Samira Mubareka, Qinshan Gao, and Gina Connenello introduced me to the virus and its ever- shift ing shape. I am especially thankful to these fabulous researchers for off ering their precious time, for guiding me through the complex material culture of experimental research, and for responding patiently to what must have seemed to them a never- ending stream of strange questions about rather ob- vious things. In New York City, I would also like to thank Dr. Kristine Gebbie at Columbia University’s School of Nursing, Dr. Lewis Goldfrank at Bellevue Hospital Center, and Nicholas Cagliuso at the New York- Presbyterian Healthcare System. Eileen Scanlon and her team at the Nassau County Of- fi ce of Emergency Preparedness were extremely helpful and supportive and always willing to talk to me about their work and their vision. Th anks are due to Doris Varlese at the Greater New York Hospital Association and to Christopher Williams at the Community Health Care Association of New York State. I would also like to thank all the public health offi cials in the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene who helped me understand the politics of preparedness and who chose to remain anonymous xiii to protect their identities. I owe special thanks to the late Dr. Edwin Kil- bourne for sharing with me his insights about the history of microbiology, as well as to his former colleagues, Drs. Doris Bucher and Barbara Pokorny, at New York Medical College, for conversations about the production of vac- cines and Dr. Kilbourne’s involvement in the swine fl u aff air. I also appreci- ate the support of the late Dr. David Sencer, a former director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta. Th anks to Dr. Robert Webster for an unexpected encounter and conversation at the University of Hong Kong. At the CDC in Atlanta, I would like to thank the director of the Infl u- enza Branch, Dr. Nancy Cox, for graciously lending her time and facilitating my research. Th anks are also due to Drs. Terry Tumpey and Taronna Maines for explaining their research, inviting me into their laboratory, and kindly off ering me their expertise. Drs. Dan Jernigan, Roger Bernier, Amanda Bal- ish, Caroline Bridges, Nicole Smith, Michael Bell, and Andrew Demma have been great interlocutors at CDC. Many thanks to Drs. Art Reingold and Lara Misegades at UC Berkeley’s Public Health School and to Dr. Keiji Fukuda at the World Health Or ga ni za tion in Geneva. Th anks to Dr. Mike Ascher for opening doors in Atlanta. Don Greenstein at the Keystone Cen- ter and Dr. Paul E. Jarris and Anna M. De Blois at the Association of State and Territorial Health Offi cials shared their insights about public engage- ment and pandemic preparedness with me and invited me to observe their projects. At the Institute of Medical Virology at the University of Zu rich, I would like to thank Drs. Silke Stertz and Jovan Pavlovic for stimulating conversations and insights. At Berkeley, I wish to thank Paul Rabinow for introducing me to the idea of fi eldwork in philosophy. His insistence on thinking as a critical and cre- ative practice was inspiring. Cori Hayden has provided intellectual guidance in matters of the anthropology of science, medicine, knowledge, and tech- nology. She has helped me with her ethnographic imagination to shape this project and has off ered support at critical junctures. Alexei Yurchak intro- duced me to speech act theory, allowing me to explore the map of misread- ing. Th anks to Lawrence Cohen for expanding my understanding of medi- cal anthropology and for providing insights about the semiotics of security: I could not have written chapter 4 in its pre sent form without him. David Winickoff has generously read chapters and has provided invaluable com- ments on the limits of participatory governance and public engagement. I will never forget the extraordinary intellectual and personal kindness of the xiv • A c k n o w l e d g m e n t s late Alan Pred. He showed me that one could be a rigorous and generous scholar at the same time— a felicitous combination of virtues. Th anks are due as well to Stephen Collier and Andy Lakoff for inviting me to a work- shop on biosecurity and for engaging my work on the fl u more generally. Jeremy Greene off ered an insightful last- minute reading of my Introduction, facilitating the fi nal push. Frédéric Keck kindly invited me to Hong Kong and has generously shared his insights with me ever since. I continue to learn from his work. Many colleagues and friends have been essential for this work, which has been a long time in the making. I would like to thank Gerhard Anders, Nikola Bagic, Aditya Bharadwaj, Roger Begrich, Orkideh Behrouzan, Jean- François Bissonnette, Michael Bresalier, Alberto Cambrosio, Flurin Condrau, Susan Craddock, Veena Das, Roy Dilley, Raad Fadaak, Didier Fassin, Jim Faubion, Lyle Fearnley, Angela Filipe, Des Fitzgerald, Anitra Grisales, Jane Guyer, Clara Han, Niloofar Haeri, Gabriela Hertig, Steve Hinchliff e, Charles Hirschkind, Marc Honigsbaum, Julia Hornberger, Karine Landgren Hugen- tobler, Rohit Jain, Karen Jent, Evangelos Karagiannis, Janina Kehr, Chris Kelty, Naveeda Khan, Hanna Kienzler, Th omas Kirsch, Nicolas Langlitz, Samuel Lengen, Javier Lezaun, Ilana Löwy, Sam Maclean, Th eresa MacPhail, Tara Mahfoud, Joe Masco, Andrea Mühlebach, David Napier, Vinh- Kim Nguyen, Francisco Ortega, Randy Packard, Anand Pandian, Bronwyn Parry, Kris Peterson, Deborah Poole, Natalie Porter, Beth Povinelli, Hugh Raffl es, Kaushik Sunder Rajan, Peter Redfi eld, Tobias Rees, Janet Roitman, Nikolas Rose, Salome Schärer, Th omas Schlich, Ilina Singh, Anthony Stavri- anakis, Ann Stoler, Stefanie Strulik, Tatjana Th elen, Miriam Ticktin, Fouz- ieyha Towghi, Andri Tschudi, Jerome Whitington, Scott Vrecko, Austin Zeiderman, Naomi Zumstein, and Patrick Zylberman for their suggestions, conversations, and comments. Th ese scholars are of course not responsible for what I have written. Th anks are due as well to the anonymous reviewers and the editors of Cultural Anthropology, Anne Allison and Charles Piot, for their suggestions on my article that served as a basis for this book.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • News Release
    News Release U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 202-690-6343 [email protected] www.hhs.gov/news Twitter @SpoxHHS FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE January 14, 2021 Readout of HHS Secretary Azar’s Remarks to the Department’s Vaccine Consultation Panel Today, HHS Secretary Azar joined the department’s Vaccine Consultation Panel (VCP) for discussion of the ongoing work to deliver COVID-19 vaccines across the country. The VCP is comprised of over 40 external organizations representing a wide swath of sectors crucial to the successful launch of a vaccine, including a range of healthcare providers, seniors, patients, minorities, academia, foundations, and business. The group was assembled last summer to exchange information and insights with leaders at the Department and Operation Warp Speed as part of vaccine development and distribution planning. The VCP, organized by the Office of Intergovernmental and External Affairs, held 11 virtual information sessions with OWS, FDA, NIH, and CDC leaders and today Secretary Azar emphasized the importance of having their diverse perspectives and expertise in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic, thanking them for the valuable input provided to HHS leadership over the last year. He noted the important role they have had in educating physicians, nurses, pharmacists, seniors, and many others over the months on the vaccine development process and in working on specific challenges along the way, like promoting minority participation in vaccine clinical trials. The VCP is yet another example of public/private collaboration, a foundational aspect of the government’s response to the pandemic. During the meeting, Secretary Azar provided an overview of the next phase of OWS’s vaccination plan announced earlier this week.
    [Show full text]
  • Biden-Harris Transition Announces COVID-19 Advisory Board
    BIDEN-HARRIS TRANSITION The President-Elect The Vice President-Elect Priorities Transition Español NOVEMBER 09, 2020 PRESS RELEASES Biden-Harris Transition Announces COVID-19 Advisory Board Leading Public Health and Scientific Experts to Advise the Transition on COVID-19 Response WASHINGTON – Today, the Biden-Harris Transition announced the formation of the Transition COVID-19 Advisory Board, a team of leading public health experts who will advise President-elect Biden, Vice President-elect Harris, and the Transition’s COVID-19 staff. The Transition COVID-19 Advisory Board will be led by co-chairs Dr. David Kessler, Dr. Vivek Murthy, and Dr. Marcella Nunez-Smith. Dr. Beth Cameron and Dr. Rebecca Katz are serving as advisors to the Transition on COVID-19 and will work closely with the Advisory Board. “Dealing with the coronavirus pandemic is one of the most important battles our administration will face, and I will be informed by science and by experts,” said President-elect Biden. “The advisory board will help shape my approach to managing the surge in reported infections; ensuring vaccines are safe, effective, and distributed efficiently, equitably, and free; and protecting at-risk populations.” New cases are rising in at least 40 states, with more than 9.3 million total infections and more than 236,000 deaths. President-elect Biden has pledged to bring leadership to the COVID pandemic, which continues to claim thousands of lives each week, by curbing the spread of the disease, providing free treatment to those in need, and elevating the voices of scientists and public health experts. The COVID-19 Advisory Board will help guide the Biden-Harris Transition in planning for the President-elect’s robust federal response.
    [Show full text]
  • Crisis Communication
    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 6-20-2014 Crisis Communication: Sensemaking and Decision-making by the CDC Under Conditions of Uncertainty and Ambiguity During the 2009-2010 H1N1 Pandemic Barbara Bennington University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Communication Commons Scholar Commons Citation Bennington, Barbara, "Crisis Communication: Sensemaking and Decision-making by the CDC Under Conditions of Uncertainty and Ambiguity During the 2009-2010 H1N1 Pandemic" (2014). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5181 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Crisis Communication: Sensemaking and Decision-Making by the CDC Under Conditions of Uncertainty and Ambiguity During the 2009-2010 H1N1 Pandemic by Barbara Bennington A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Communication College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Major Professor: Eric M. Eisenberg, Ph.D. Ambar Basu, Ph.D. Kenneth N. Cissna, Ph.D Stephen Turner, Ph.D Date of Approval: June 20th, 2014 Keywords: sensemaking, crisis communication, uncertainty, CDC, H1N1 Copyright ©2014, Barbara Bennington ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My first thank-you goes to Dr. Marsha Vanderford who had the idea to develop an oral history of the CDC’s response to H1N1 and who offered me the opportunity to participate in the project.
    [Show full text]
  • International Symposium on Novel Ideas in Science and Ethics Of
    I N T E R N A T I O N A L S Y M P O S I U M O N N O V E L I D E A S I N S C I E N C E A N D E T H I C S O F V A C C I N E S A G A I N S T C O V I D - 1 9 P A N D E M I C 30 JULY 2020 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH RESEARCH MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA International Symposium on Novel ideas in Science and Ethics of Vaccines against COVID-19 pandemic Date: 30th July 2020 / 4:30 pm – 6:45 pm IST (A fully online, multi-country program) Moderated / Facilitated by Chris Anderson, Curator, TED talks Follow Live at - https://icmrvaccines.impcom.in/ Timing (IST) Session Speakers / Discussants Prof K VijayRaghavan Principal Scientific Advisor to Govt. of India Dr Renu Swarup Secretary, Dept of Biotechnology, Government of India 16.30 – 16:36 Welcome and Introductory Statement Prof Heidi Larson Director of The Vaccine Confidence Project (VCP); Professor, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK Prof Adam Kamradt-Scott Director, Global Health Security Network, Associate Professor, University of Sydney, Australia 16:36 – 16:41 Confronting the pandemic Dr Anthony S Fauci Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, USA 16:42 – 16:43 A short Video Timely & Safe – Towards a Covid-19 Prof Peter Piot vaccine (Leadership remarks)- Role of Director, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK vaccines in ending epidemics Prof Stanley Plotkin 16:45 – 17:06 Introduced by: Mr JVR Prasada Rao Author of Plotkin’s Vaccines, Emeritus Professor, University of Pennsylvania, USA National Task Force COVID-19 member and Former Secretary for Health, Govt.
    [Show full text]
  • Swine Influenza a (H1N1 Virus): a Pandemic Disease
    Review Article Swine Influenza A (H1N1 Virus): A Pandemic Disease Gangurde HH, Gulecha VS, Borkar VS, Mahajan MS, Khandare RA, Mundada AS Department of Pharmaceutics, SNJB’s SSDJ College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad, Nasik, Maharashtra, India ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Swine influenza (SI) is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by type A influenza that regularly Received 9 September 2009 causes pandemics. SI viruses do not normally infect humans; however, human infections with Accepted 18 September 2009 SI do occur, and cases of human-to-human spread of swine flu viruses have been documented. Available online 19 October 2011 Swine influenza also called as swine flu, hog flu, and pig flu that refers to influenza is caused by Keywords: those strains of influenza virus, called SI virus (SIV), that usually infect pigs endemically. As of Coughing 2009, these strains are all found in influenza C virus and subtypes of influenza A virus known as Fever H1N1, H1N2, H3N1, H3N2, and H2N3. The viruses are 80–120 nm in diameter. The transmission of H1N1 SIV from pigs to humans is not common and does not always cause human influenza, often only sore throat resulting in the production of antibodies in the blood. The meat of the animal poses no risk of swine flu swine influenza virus transmitting the virus when properly cooked. If the transmission does cause human influenza, it is called zoonotic swine flu. People who work with pigs, especially people with intense exposures, are at an increased risk of catching swine flu. In the mid-20th century, the identification of influenza subtypes became possible; this allowed accurate diagnosis of transmission to humans.
    [Show full text]
  • San Bernardino County Waiting, for Now, to Expand Stage 2 Coronavirus Reopening – Redlands Daily Facts
    San Bernardino County waiting, for now, to expand Stage 2 coronavirus reopening – Redlands Daily Facts LOCAL NEWS • News San Bernardino County waiting, for now, to expand Stage 2 coronavirus reopening By SANDRA EMERSON | [email protected] | PUBLISHED: May 19, 2020 at 4:58 p.m. | UPDATED: May 19, 2020 at 10:37 p.m. While San Bernardino County supervisors are eager for restaurants and churches to resume operations after weeks of novel coronavirus-related closures and restrictions, they’re waiting to see how the county’s data pairs with new state guidelines on reopening various sectors. After a lively debate Tuesday, May 19, about the risks associated with reopening ahead of the state, the supervisors agreed to hear more from county staff before expanding the second of the state’s four-phase plan to reopen businesses. Supervisors agreed to meet at 4 p.m. Thursday, May 21, to further discuss the matter. “Our small businesses have sat and waited,” Supervisor Robert Lovingood said. “They’ve waited patiently as long as they can. They cannot suffer this economic suppression any longer.” Lovingood and Supervisor Dawn Rowe supported moving forward with the county’s recovery plan, which assesses the risk of the virus’ spread at businesses and offers guidelines for reopening safely. However, the item was not on the agenda, so the board agreed to schedule a special meeting. https://www.redlandsdailyfacts.com/2020/05/19/san-bernardino-county-waiting-for-now-to-expand-stage-2-coronavirus-reopening/[5/20/2020 8:18:00 AM] San Bernardino County waiting, for now, to expand Stage 2 coronavirus reopening – Redlands Daily Facts TOP ARTICLES 1/5 S A By .st0{fill:#FFFFFF;}.st1{fill:#0099FF;} M READ MORE Thousands evacuated as river dams break in central “This is a serious thing we have to do in the right way,” Chairman Curt Hagman said.
    [Show full text]
  • Covid-19 Vaccines Are Coming
    COVID-19 VACCINES ARE COMING. ARE WE READY? Etienne Grass – November 2020 On November 9, companies BioNTech and Pfizer 240 COVID vaccines are currently being developed announced the eagerly awaited preliminary results globally, according to the regular census carried out of their phase 3 clinical trial for a COVID vaccine by the World Health Organization. Of these, the project. While it is unusual for this type of result to WHO asserts 45 are in clinical trials2, although only be published before the trial is finalized, the rolling 35 according to the New York Times3. review procedure sanctioned by regulatory bodies to speed up the assessment of new drugs has The WHO says that 10 products are already tested enabled this transparency.1 in phase 3 , a figure that rises to 11 according to the New York Times, which includes the recent progress If the results have come as a positive surprise, it is of an Indian product in its assessment 4. mainly due to their high level of efficacy. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) had indicated that it Within these phase 3 trials, four products are being would be ready to authorize a vaccine with more tested in China5 and one in Russia6. We do not have than 50% effectiveness. The first figures available the same level of information on them as on are much higher, at 90%. vaccines developed in the United States and Europe. For several weeks now, the head of the "Operation Technological platforms of current projects Warp Speed" program, Moncef Slaoui, who has been piloting American federal activities in support of Five products have in common that they are vaccine production since May, had been telling the integrated into the American (Operation Warp New York Times to be "confident that there will Speed-OWS), British and European partnerships7.
    [Show full text]
  • Herd Immunity Is an Important—And Often Misunderstood—Public Health Phenomenon
    CORE CONCEPTS Herd immunity is an important—and often misunderstood—public health phenomenon CORE CONCEPTS Amy McDermott, Science Writer In December, Anthony Fauci predicted that 70 to 85% Since the earliest months of the COVID-19 pan- of the United States population may need to be demic, “herd immunity” has become shorthand for vaccinated to achieve “herd immunity” against SARS- the day when enough people are immune to the virus CoV-2 (1). Yet he was very careful to qualify his com- that social distancing can end and healthcare systems ments. “We need to have some humility here,” he said are no longer overwhelmed. People have been clam- ’ in a New York Times interview, “We really don’t know oring to know when we ll get there. But even as Fauci — what the real number is.” (2) Fauci, director of the and other officials continue to try to calculate and communicate—when it might happen, they have to National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, contend with both public misunderstanding of the admitted that the number could be as high as 90%. term and scientific disagreement over what it means. But even a year into the pandemic, there were too The public health concept of herd immunity has a many uncertainties to offer a definite threshold. And more nuanced definition than its popular usage, which with vaccine hesitancy widespread, he worried that is one reason why predicting when we’ll achieve it re- setting the bar at such a high number would cause mains difficult. In theory, estimating the threshold to the public to despair of ever reaching it.
    [Show full text]
  • Affidavit from Michael Osterholm
    27-CR-20-12951 Filed in District Court State of Minnesota 1/19/2021 3:22 PM STATE OF MINNESOTA DISTRICT COURT COUNTY OF HENNEPIN FOURTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT State of Minnesota, AFFIDAVIT OF MICHAEL T. OSTERHOLM, Ph.D., MPH Plaintiff, V. Derek Michael Chauvin, Court File No.2 27-CR-20-12646 J. Alexander Kueng, Court File No.2 27-CR—20-12953 Thomas Kiernan Lane, Court File No.2 27-CR-20-12951 Tou Thao, Court File No.: 27-CR-20-12949 Defendants. TO: The Honorable Peter Cahill, Judge of District Court, and counsel for Defendants; Eric J. Nelson, Halberg Criminal Defense, 7900 Xerxes Avenue South, Suite 1700, Bloomington, MN 55431; Robert Paule, 920 Second Avenue South, Suite 975, Minneapolis, MN 55402; Earl Gray, 1st Bank Building, 332 Minnesota Street, Suite W1610, St. Paul, MN 55101; Thomas Plunkett, U.S. Bank Center, 101 East Fifth Street, Suite 1500, St. Paul, MN 55101. MICHAEL T. OSTERHOLM, being duly sworn under oath, states as follows: Background and Qualifications 1. My name is Michael Osterholm, and I am an epidemiologist and the director of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota. 2. I am currently a Regents Professor, McKnight Presidential Endowed Chair in Public Health, Distinguished Teaching Professor in the Division of Environmental Health Sciences in the School of Public Health, a professor in the Technological Leadership Institute, and an adjunct professor in the Medical School, all at the University of Minnesota. 27-CR-20-12951 Filed in District Court State of Minnesota 1/19/2021 3:22 PM On November 9, 2020, President-elect Joseph Biden named me to be one of the sixteen members of his Coronavirus Advisory Board.
    [Show full text]
  • Inland Communities of Color Receiving Vaccinations at Slower Rate, Data Shows – Press Enterprise ___
    2/4/2021 Inland communities of color receiving vaccinations at slower rate, data shows – Press Enterprise ___ NEWS •• News Inland communities of color receiving vaccinations at slower rate, data shows Victorville resident Marvin Abella, 32, receives his second vaccination shot of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine by licensed vocational nurse Mayra Aceves at Arroyo Valley High School in San Bernardino on Thursday, Jan. 28, 2021. 500 second doses were scheduled to be given out Thursday with another 500 scheduled for Friday. (Photo by Will Lester, Inland Valley Daily Bulletin/SCNG) By DEEPA BHARATH || [email protected] || OrangeOrange CountyCounty Register PUBLISHED: February 3, 2021 at 6:42 p.m. || UPDATED:UPDATED: February 3, 2021 at 6:42 p.m. https://www.pe.com/2021/02/03/inland-communities-of-color-receiving-vaccinations-at-slower-rate-data-shows/?utm_medium=social&utm_c… 1/8 2/4/2021 Inland communities of color receiving vaccinations at slower rate, data shows – Press Enterprise Communities of color are behind when it comes to being vaccinated for the coronavirus, a disparity Inland Empire officials say they are working to address. In Riverside County, where 50% of the population is Latino, for example, only 17.9% of those who have been vaccinated are Latino while 44.9% are White, county officials said Wednesday, Feb. 3. Meanwhile, 4.1% of the total number of vaccinations administered have been given to African Americans and 10.7% toto AsianAsian Americans,Americans, whichwhich eacheach representrepresent aboutabout 6.5%6.5% ofof thethe countyʼscountyʼs population. Native American and Pacific Islander residents, who represent 0.8% and 0.3% of the population, respectively, account for 0.6% and 0.7% of thosethose vaccinated.vaccinated.
    [Show full text]
  • The CIDRAP Viewpoint COVID-19: the CIDRAP Viewpoint June 2, 2020
    COVID-19: The CIDRAP Viewpoint COVID-19: The CIDRAP Viewpoint June 2, 2020 Part 4: Contact tracing for COVID-19: Assessing needs, using a tailored approach Kristine Moore, MD, MPH Jill DeBoer, MPH Richard Hoffman, MD, MPH Patrick McConnon, MPH Dale Morse, MD, MS Michael Osterholm, PhD, MPH Reviewed by Jeffery Duchin, MD Dr. Moore is medical director of CIDRAP, and Ms. DeBoer is CIDRAP deputy director. Dr. Hoffman is adjunct associate professor, Colorado School of Public Health. Mr. McConnon is board chair, CSTE Foundation. Dr. Morse is adjunct professor, Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University. Dr. Osterholm is director of CIDRAP, University of Minnesota Regents Professor, and McKnight Presidential Endowed Chair in Public Health. Dr. Duchin is health officer and chief of communicable disease epidemiology and immunization for Public Health Seattle–King County. CIDRAP, founded in 2001, is a global leader in addressing public health preparedness and emerging infectious disease response. Part of the Office of the Vice President for Research (OVPR) at the University of Minnesota, CIDRAP works to prevent illness and death from targeted infectious disease threats through research and the translation of scientific information into real-world, practical applications, policies, and solutions. For more information, visit: www.cidrap.umn.edu. COVID-19 Viewpoint reports are made possible with support from the University of Minnesota OVPR and the Bentson Foundation. COVID-19: The CIDRAP Viewpoint working group: Michael Osterholm, PhD, MPH, CIDRAP director Kristine Moore, MD, MPH, CIDRAP medical director Julie Ostrowsky, MSc, CIDRAP research associate James Seifert, JD, MS, MPH, CIDRAP program manager Angela Ulrich, PhD, MPH, CIDRAP research associate Alison Kraigsley, PhD, MS, CIDRAP research associate Maya Peters, MPH, CIDRAP program analyst Jim Wappes, CIDRAP editorial director Editing: Jim Wappes; Report layout: Maya Peters; Report & cover Design: Hannah Winesburg © 2020 Regents of the University of Minnesota.
    [Show full text]
  • Literature Overview October 25, 2020. Many Thanks to Peter Reiss!
    Literature Overview October 25, 2020. Many thanks to Peter Reiss! Lipsitch M, Dean N, Understanding COVID-19 efficacy. Science, October 21, 2020. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/10/21/science.abe5938 Commentary about. COVID-19 vaccine efficacy by Marc Lipsitch and Natalie Dean Important questions that will likely remain after first vaccine trials are published and should be addressed: - First, trials are typically not powered to establish subgroup-specific efficacy, yet the performance of the vaccine in high-risk groups affects the success of a direct-protection strategy. - Second, can vaccines prevent infection or reduce contagiousness? This matters for achieving indirect protection. Treatment Toculizimab Commentary on tocilizumab studies: https://www.jwatch.org/fw117147/2020/10/20/tocilizumab-covid-19-three-studies-yield- mixed-findings?query=pfwRS&jwd=000020075418&jspc=ID Salvarani C et al, Effect of Tocilizumab vs Standard Care on Clinical Worsening in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Pneumonia - A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA, October 21, 2020. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2772186 b Design - This is a prospective, open label RCT to evaluate the effect of early tocilizumab administration vs standard therapy in preventing clinical worsening in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia in Italy. Eligibility criteria - included COVID-19 pneumonia documented by radiologic imaging, partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen (Pao2/Fio2) ratio between 200 and 300 mm Hg, and an inflammatory phenotype defined by fever and elevated C- reactive protein. Interventions - Patients in the experimental arm received 2 iv doses of tocilizumab. Patients in the control arm received supportive care following the protocols of each clinical center until clinical worsening and then could receive tocilizumab as a rescue therapy.
    [Show full text]