Focus on Epidemics
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Crisis Communication
University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 6-20-2014 Crisis Communication: Sensemaking and Decision-making by the CDC Under Conditions of Uncertainty and Ambiguity During the 2009-2010 H1N1 Pandemic Barbara Bennington University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Communication Commons Scholar Commons Citation Bennington, Barbara, "Crisis Communication: Sensemaking and Decision-making by the CDC Under Conditions of Uncertainty and Ambiguity During the 2009-2010 H1N1 Pandemic" (2014). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5181 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Crisis Communication: Sensemaking and Decision-Making by the CDC Under Conditions of Uncertainty and Ambiguity During the 2009-2010 H1N1 Pandemic by Barbara Bennington A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Communication College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Major Professor: Eric M. Eisenberg, Ph.D. Ambar Basu, Ph.D. Kenneth N. Cissna, Ph.D Stephen Turner, Ph.D Date of Approval: June 20th, 2014 Keywords: sensemaking, crisis communication, uncertainty, CDC, H1N1 Copyright ©2014, Barbara Bennington ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My first thank-you goes to Dr. Marsha Vanderford who had the idea to develop an oral history of the CDC’s response to H1N1 and who offered me the opportunity to participate in the project. -
Swine Influenza a (H1N1 Virus): a Pandemic Disease
Review Article Swine Influenza A (H1N1 Virus): A Pandemic Disease Gangurde HH, Gulecha VS, Borkar VS, Mahajan MS, Khandare RA, Mundada AS Department of Pharmaceutics, SNJB’s SSDJ College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad, Nasik, Maharashtra, India ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Swine influenza (SI) is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by type A influenza that regularly Received 9 September 2009 causes pandemics. SI viruses do not normally infect humans; however, human infections with Accepted 18 September 2009 SI do occur, and cases of human-to-human spread of swine flu viruses have been documented. Available online 19 October 2011 Swine influenza also called as swine flu, hog flu, and pig flu that refers to influenza is caused by Keywords: those strains of influenza virus, called SI virus (SIV), that usually infect pigs endemically. As of Coughing 2009, these strains are all found in influenza C virus and subtypes of influenza A virus known as Fever H1N1, H1N2, H3N1, H3N2, and H2N3. The viruses are 80–120 nm in diameter. The transmission of H1N1 SIV from pigs to humans is not common and does not always cause human influenza, often only sore throat resulting in the production of antibodies in the blood. The meat of the animal poses no risk of swine flu swine influenza virus transmitting the virus when properly cooked. If the transmission does cause human influenza, it is called zoonotic swine flu. People who work with pigs, especially people with intense exposures, are at an increased risk of catching swine flu. In the mid-20th century, the identification of influenza subtypes became possible; this allowed accurate diagnosis of transmission to humans. -
Gerald R. Ford Administration White House Press Releases
MARCq 24, 1976 '-. Office of the White House Press Secretary ~ NOTICE TO THE PRESS Participants in the 3:30 p. m. ~eeting with Secretary Mathews and the President: Eugene W. Fowinkle, H.D., Commissioner of Public Health, Tennessee Department of Public Health, Nashville. George Hardy, M.D., Health Officer, Jefferson County Health Department, Birmingham, Alabama. Albert G. Randell, M.D., Director of Public Health, City of Houston, Texas. Charles Hall, M.D., Charleston, West Virginia. Merritt B. Lowe, M.D., Greenfield, Massachusetts. Raymond Holden, M.D., Washington, D.C., chairman, A.M.A. Morton S. Hilbert, MPH, CE, Chairman, Department of Enviro,nmental and Industrial Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Maurice R. Hilleman, Ph.D., Vice President, Merck, Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, West Point, PAD John F. Lawlis, Ph.D., Vice President of Biological Operations, Menell-National Laboratories, Swiftwater, PAD Eugene A. Timm, Ph.D., Asst. Division Director, Quality Control and Government Regulations, Parke, Davis and Company, Detroit, Michigan. Alan Gray, Ph.D., Director of Biologics, Merck, Sharp and Dohme, West Point, PAD Alan Bernstein, Ph.D., Managing Director, Wyeth Laboratories, Inc., Marietta, Pennsylvania. Dr. Fred M. Davenport, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. Reul A. Stallones, M.D., Dean, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston. Dr. Floyd Denny, University of North Carolina Department of Pediatrics, Chapel Hill. Edwin Kilbourne, M.D., Chairman, Department of Microbiology, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, City University of New York. Saul Krugman, M.D., Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine. -
In Memoriam: David Judson Sencer, a Public Health Giant [Announcer] This Program Is Presented by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
In Memoriam: David Judson Sencer, A Public Health Giant [Announcer] This program is presented by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [Dr. Peter Drotman] Hi, I’m Dr. Peter Drotman, Editor-in-Chief of Emerging Infectious Diseases. Today, I’m talking with Dr. Jeffrey Koplan, Director of the Emory Global Health Institute at Emory University. He was Director of CDC in 2001, the time that I became the Editor-in-Chief of EID. Dr. Koplan’s In Memoriam piece appears in CDC’S journal, Emerging Infectious Diseases, and he discusses the life and career of Dr. David Sencer, former Director of CDC and a public health giant whom we both knew. Jeff, welcome. [Dr. Jeffrey Koplan] Thank you; it’s great to be here. [Dr. Peter Drotman] How and when did you initially meet and get to know David Sencer? [Dr. Jeffrey Koplan] Well, it’s hard to believe, but as an EIS Officer, Epidemic Intelligence Service Officer, coming to CDC in 1972, I served in the small pox eradication program and the then director of that program, Bill Fagey, was a good friend of Dr. Sencer’s, and Dr. Sencer, as many folks know, was a huge advocate and supporter of small pox eradication, so I kind of was a kid on the sidelines, but Dr. Sencer was very good at nurturing and recognizing young people and so, from my EIS years, I was aware of and knew Dr. David Sencer. [Dr. Peter Drotman] Now, getting behind that program to begin with was actually a more courageous act then we appreciate nowadays. -
Report on Narratives and Urban Myths
D1.5 Report on Narratives and Urban Myths 1st Reporting period WP1 Population Behaviour during epidemics Responsible Partner: CSSC Contributing partners: Due date of the deliverable: M6 (July 31st 2012) Actual submission date: M9 (1st October 2012) Dissemination level: PU TELL ME ‐ Transparent communication in Epidemics: Learning Lessons from experience, delivering effective Messages, providing Evidence. Project co‐funded by the European Commission within the 7th Framework Programme – HEALTH theme D1.5 Report on Narratives and Urban Myths TELL ME project – GA: 278723 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................................................ 4 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................. 6 2. The journey from myth to the urban myth ..................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Portrait of the myth ............................................................................................................................................................. 7 2.2 The notion of disease in myth and tradition ............................................................................................................... 9 2.3 From myth to legend: Transcendent realities vs. falsified truths (?) .............................................................. -
Opening the Schoolhouse Door to the Aids Virus: Policymaking, Politics, and Personality in a Queens County Courtroom, 1985-86
OPENING THE SCHOOLHOUSE DOOR TO THE AIDS VIRUS: POLICYMAKING, POLITICS, AND PERSONALITY IN A QUEENS COUNTY COURTROOM, 1985-86 R. KYLE ALAGOOD Public health policy operates in a democratic paradox. The police power exists to protect individuals from harms they cannot themselves fend off, but every restriction of individual freedom in the name of public health runs against constitutionally protected individual rights. Public health officials are damned if they do, damned if they don’t. But policymakers can take steps to avoid litigation by partnering with the public in contentious public health decisions. District 27 Community School Board v. Board of Education and events leading to the lawsuit exemplify the democratic paradox. A largely overlooked case, District 27 is one of the most important early AIDS cases. It was the first to consider the disease in depth. The case established the dearth of evidence that AIDS could be transmitted casually. And District 27 signaled that AIDS did not demand and law did not permit discrimination. This article dusts off District 27 and uses New York City’s policy-making process as a case study for public health policymaking in an epidemic. It suggests ways lawyers and policymakers can balance secrecy and transparency against democratic ideals, as well as how valuing the public and allowing public input enhances policy decisions. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 260 I. DISTRICT 27 IN CONTEXT: -
Protecting Public Health in New York City: 200 Years of Leadership
PROTECTING PUBLIC HEALTH IN NEW YORK CITY: 200 YEARS OF LEADERSHIP 1805-2005 T HE N EW Y ORK C ITY D EPARTMENT OF H EALTH AND M ENTAL H YGIENE Protecting Public Health in New York City: 200 Years of Leadership ~ 1805-2005 Michael R. Bloomberg Mayor Thomas R. Frieden, MD, MPH Commissioner April 2005 marks the bicentennial of the New York City Board of Health, the predecessor of the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. New York City’s illustrious history of public health leadership began in the early 1800s, when the city controlled epidemics of Yellow Fever and cholera. In the early 1900s, the Department opened the first public health laboratory that applied bacteriological knowledge to prevent and control disease. In the late 1900s, the Department implemented model programs to fight new and re-emerging infectious diseases. And in the century just begun, we have launched programs to prevent and control major chronic diseases. The Board’s 200th anniversary is an appropriate time for us to review the many public health challenges that the Board and the Department have met over the years, and to reflect on the lessons these experiences hold for our future. ~ Thomas R. Frieden, MD, MPH Commissioner New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene { 1805 – 2005} T ABLE OF C ONTENTS 1805-1865: Fighting Yellow Fever and Cholera 3 1866-1885: The Birth of the New York City Department of Health 11 1886-1913: Immigration, the Bacteriological Revolution, and Hermann Biggs 17 1914-1922: The Health Department Modernizes 25 1923-1930: -
H1N1/09 Influenza: 20 Th Century Flu Pandemics
Available on line www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research __________________________________________________ J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 2010, 2(3):605-619 ISSN No: 0975-7384 CODEN(USA): JCPRC5 H1N1/09 Influenza: 20 th Century flu pandemics Ravi Patel, Ishan Panchal, Dilip Chavda, Priya Modiya, Hiren Marvaniya, Kaumil Modi and Dhrubo Jyoti Sen Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Sarvajanik Pharmacy College, Gujarat Technological University, Mehsana, Gujarat ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Swine influenza (also called Pig influenza, swine flu, hog flu and pig flu) is an infection by any one of several types of swine influenza virus. Swine influenza virus (SIV) or S-OIV (swine-origin influenza virus) is any strain of the influenza family of viruses that is endemic in pigs. As of 2009, the known SIV strains include influenza C and the subtypes of influenza A known as H1N1, H1N2, H3N1, H3N2, and H2N3. Swine influenza virus is common throughout pig populations worldwide. Transmission of the virus from pigs to humans is not common and does not always lead to human influenza, often resulting only in the production of antibodies in the blood. If transmission does cause human influenza, it is called zoonotic swine flu. People with regular exposure to pigs are at increased risk of swine flu infection. The meat of infected animal posses no risk of infection when properly cooked. ______________________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION The 2009 flu pandemic is a global outbreak of a new strain of H1N1 influenza virus, often referred to as "swine flu" in the media. Although the virus, first detected in April 2009, contains a combination of genes from swine, avian (bird), and human influenza viruses, it cannot be spread by eating pork products or being around pigs. -
The 2009 A(H1N1) Pandemic in Europe
SPECIAL REPORT The 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic in Europe A review of the experience www.ecdc.europa.eu ECDC SPECIAL REPORT The 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic in Europe A review of the experience Authors: Amato Gauci AJ, Zucs P, Snacken R, Ciancio B, Lopez V, Broberg E, Penttinen P, Plata F, Nicoll A, on behalf of the EISN: Gabriela El Belazi, Hubert Hrabcik, Peter Lachner, Reinhild Strauss, Robert Muchl, Theresia Popow – Kraupp, Monika Redlberger-Fritz, Françoise Wuillaume, Françoise Wuillaume, Viviane Van Casteren, Isabelle Thomas, Bernard Brochier , Mira Kojouharova, Rositsa Kotseva, Teodora Georgieva, Avraam Elia, Chryso Gregoriadou, Chrystalla Hadjianastassiou, Despo Pieridou Bagatzouni, Olga Kalakouta, Jan Kyncl, Martina Havlickova, Andreas Gilsdorf, Brunhilde Schweiger, Gabriele Poggensee, Gerard Krause, Silke Buda, Tim Eckmanns, Anne Mazick, Annette Hartvig Christiansen, Kåre Mølbak, Lars Nielsen, Steffen Glismann, Inna Sarv, Irina Dontsenko, Jelena Hololejenko, Natalja Njunkova, Natalia Kerbo, Olga Sadikova, Tiiu Aro, Amparo Larrauri, Gloria Hernandez – Pezzi, Pilar Perez – Brena, Rosa Cano – Portero, Markku Kuusi, Petri Ruutu, Thedi Ziegler, Sophie Vaux, Isabelle Bonmarin, Daniel Lévy-Bruhl, Bruno Lina, Martine Valette, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Vincent Enouf, Ian Fisher, John Watson, Joy Kean, Maria Zambon, Mike Catchpole, Peter Coyle, William F Carman, Stefanos Bonovas, Takis Panagiotopoulos, Sotirios Tsiodras Ágnes Csohán, Istvan Jankovics, Katalin Kaszas, Márta Melles, Monika Rozsa, Zsuzsanna Molnár, Darina O'flanagan, Derval Igoe, Joan O’donnell, John Brazil, Margaret Fitzgerald, Peter Hanrahan, Sarah Jackson, Suzie Coughlan, Jeff Connell, Margaret Duffy, Joanne Moran, Professor William Hall, Arthur Löve, Gudrun Sigmundsdottir, Simona Puzelli, Isabella Donatelli, Maria Grazia Pompa, Stefania D'amato, Stefania Iannazzo, Annapina Palmieri, Sabine Erne, Algirdas Griskevicius, Nerija Kupreviciene, Rasa Liausediene, Danielle Hansen – Koenig, Joel Mossong, Mathias Opp, Claude P. -
An Analysis of Competing Images and Arguments in the AIDS Controversy
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 289 189 CS 505 785 AUTHOR Gilder, Eric TITLE A Clash of Symbols: An Analysis of Competing Images and Arguments in the AIDS Controversy. PUB DATE Nov 87 NOTE 38p.; Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Speech Communication Association (73rd, Boston, MA, November 5-8, 1987). PUB TYPE Viewpoints (120) Speeches/Conference Papers (150) EDRS PRICE MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome; Communicable Diseases; Conflict; Current Events; Medicine; *Models; Moral Issues; Political Issues; Problem Solving; Religious Conflict; Scientific Research; Social Change; Social Discrimination; *Social Problems; *Symbolic Language; Traditionalism; Values ABSTRACT Efforts to contain the spread of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) have been slowed by numerous arguing factions, political, religious, and medical, all of which perceive the AIDS epidemic through a different set of symbols. The images can be more easily understood using Kenneth Boulding's Threat, Integry, and Exchange (or TIE) model. The triangular model suggests that interactions based on threat images are destructive, founded on one group subjugating another. Groups who base their actions on threat images include Christian fundamentalists, who conclude that the disease is an act of divine retribution; the medical community, which sees AIDS as a threat to its authority and ability to cure disease, and some gay groups, who see AIDS as a threat to their political autonomy and sexual freedom. Action based on exchange images are more productive, including spending tax dollars on AIDS research, while action based on integrative images is the most productive, encompassing the acknowledgement of identity in relation to others. Churches that have welcomed gays into their membership and groups that have been formed to deal specifically with the AIDS issue fall into this category. -
L'accélération Des Vaccinations Contre La Grippe Porcine Est À L'ordre Du Jour
Santé Grippe "porcine" A [H1N1] L’accélération des vaccinations contre la grippe porcine est à l’ordre du jour Les vaccins sont bien plus meurtriers que la grippe porcine ; la vaccination de masse est une recette qui peut conduire à un désastre. Par le Dr. Mae-Wan Ho et le Professeur Joe Cummins Rapport de l’ ISIS en date du 27/07/2009 Ce rapport a été soumis à Sir Liam Donaldson, Chief Medical Officer [Directeur général de la santé] du Royaume-Uni, et à la US Food and Drugs Administration [ Administration américaine des denrées alimentaires et des médicaments des Etats- Unis]. S'il vous plaît, diffusez largement ce document, avec tous les liens inclus, à tous vos représentants élus, où que vous soyez Titre de cet article en anglais Fast - tracked Swine Flu Vaccine under Fire ; il est accessible sur le site de l’ISIS : www.i-sis.org.uk/fastTrackSwineFluVaccineUnderFire.php Une épidémie de grippe porcine s'est produite au Mexique et aux États-Unis en avril 2009 et elle s'est propagée rapidement à travers le monde par une transmission entre les êtres humains. Le nouveau type du virus de grippe A [H1N1] est différent de tous ceux qui avaient déjà été isolés [1, 2], à en juger par les premières données publiées en Mai 2009. Il s'agit d'une combinaison dans le désordre de séquences génétiques de lignées provenant des virus des grippes aviaire, humaine et porcine, de l'Amérique du Nord et d'Eurasie. Un haut responsable, virologiste basé à Canberra, en Australie, a déclaré à la presse qu'il pensait que le virus pourrait avoir été créé dans un laboratoire et s’être échappé par accident [3]. -
OBITUARIES for the Full Versions of Articles in This Section See Bmj.Com
OBITUARIES For the full versions of articles in this section see bmj.com David Sencer Guided and built the US public health agency David Sencer, who served as head of the US Centers of Sencer’s name being veterans in differ- for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for 11 linked with his achieve- ent cities became ill years from 1966 to 1977, was “a giant in public ments in building CDC with a pneumonia health” who lost the job he loved for doing the right into an international that didn’t respond thing—trying to immunise the American public scientific powerhouse to powerful antibiot- against an epidemic. and in providing the ics, and 29 died. The “My dad’s best accomplishment was not a sin- administrative, finan- press and the public gle achievement but building the CDC commu- cial, and personnel complained that it nity, which reaches around the world. He always support for the eradi- was taking too long put people first, and he knew what was going on cation of smallpox, to find the cause. everywhere. He’d drop in on people and ask what too often it is linked to CDC officers dis- they were doing—and he’d remember,” said his CDC’s response to two covered that the vet- son Stephen, general counsel and vice president unusual disease out- erans had attended of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. breaks. an American Legion In January and Feb- convention at a hotel Eradication of smallpox ruary of 1976 about in Philadelphia. They Thomas Frieden, the current head of CDC, called 200 recruits at the Fort Dix army base in New Jer- found that the pneumonia was caused by a newly Sencer a public health giant and said that two sey developed respiratory infections.