MI/DEQ/WRD-11/036

MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY WATER RESOURCES DIVISION MARCH 2011

STAFF REPORT

A BIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE LOWER GRAND RIVER WATERSHED KENT, OTTAWA, MUSKEGON, MONTCALM, IONIA AND NEWAYGO COUNTIES, MICHIGAN AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2009

INTRODUCTION

The biologic integrity, chemical characteristics, and physical habitat conditions of the Lower Grand River (Hydrologic Unit Code 04050006) and selected tributaries were surveyed during August and September 2009, by the Surface Water Assessment Section (SWAS) of the Water Resources Division (WRD). The objectives of this study were to:

1. Evaluate the attainment status of the “other indigenous aquatic life and wildlife” designated use.

2. Identify and investigate effects of nonpoint sources (NPS) of pollution.

3. Follow-up on stakeholder recommendations.

4. Reassess water bodies listed as Categories 3, 4a, or 4c in the Clean Water Act Section 303(d) list of nonattaining water bodies.

SUMMARY

Based on probabilistic (random) sampling, 84±10 percent of the Lower Grand River watershed was attaining the other indigenous aquatic life and wildlife designated use (using a 95 percent Confidence Interval). This estimate is based on the results of sampling a total of 44 randomly selected sites in the Lower Grand River watershed (31 wadeable sites and 13 nonwadeable sites). The average macroinvertebrate scores for randomly selected wadeable streams surveyed were -1.83 for cold small streams, +0.91 for warm small streams, and +1.11 for warm medium streams (all within the acceptable range).

Within the Lower Grand River watershed, macroinvertebrate communities were sampled at 47 sites using the SWAS Procedure 51 (MDEQ, 1990; Creal et al., 1996) or the nonwadeable procedure (MDEQ, 2009). Site locations and a summary of all results are located in Table 1. Of the wadeable sites, one was not attaining the other indigenous aquatic life and wildlife designated use. Of the nonwadeable sites, 6 were not attaining the other indigenous aquatic life and wildlife designated use. Based on the results of the Procedure 51, waterbodies supporting high quality macroinvertebrate communities (excellent P-51 score) include Prairie and Bellamy Creeks, in the Ionia vicinity. Habitat throughout the Lower Grand River watershed was generally categorized as marginal-excellent, with one site rating poor (Table 4).

Water samples were collected at eight sites throughout the watershed (Table 5) and the water chemistry results were compared to the expected, or reference, ranges for each parameter for the Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Till Plain (SMNITP) ecoregion compiled by Lundgren (1994) and Michigan’s Water Quality Standards (WQS). Total phosphorus concentrations ranged from 0.030 to 0.169 milligrams per liter (mg/L) at the eight sites where data was

1 collected. This range of total phosphorus is similar to that found in the 2004 survey of the watershed (Rockafellow, 2004) and within the range found in 1994 at the nearest reference site by Lundgren (1984) (0.033 to 0.17 mg/L in the Thornapple River at McKeown and Barger Roads). The concentrations of other parameters at all sites were within the expected range for the SMNITP ecoregion (Lundgren) and below Michigan WQS.

Sediment was collected at two sites on Indian Mill Creek (stations 15 and 16) and analyzed for the presence of various metals (Table 6), all of which were below the thresholds set by Smith et al. (1996), Persaud et al. (1993) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (1997).

BACKGROUND

Geology and Geography

The Lower Grand River watershed includes the main stem of the Grand River beginning in the town of Muir (Ionia County) and extending downstream to Lake Michigan in the city of Grand Haven, Michigan (Figure 1). The Grand River, together with all its tributaries, drains 5,570 square miles of Lower Michigan, spanning all or part of 18 counties. Major tributaries directly to the Lower Grand River include the Maple, Thornapple, Rogue and Flat Rivers. The Lower Grand River and some of its tributaries (Rush, Buck, Indian Mill and Mill Creeks), pass through the metro area of Grand Rapids, with an estimated population of 774,160 people in 2010 (US Census Bureau). The Grand River Valley was formed approximately 12 thousand years ago with the melting of the Laurentian ice sheets. Draining the large volume of glacial melt water left the valley with steep walls in some areas, which today results in areas where tributary streams have downcut their own steep valleys. In the mid-nineteenth century the Grand became an important means of transportation for logs and lumber.

The entire Lower Grand River watershed is within the SMNITP ecoregion, which broadly covers the majority of the southern half of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan (Omernik and Gallant, 1988). In terms of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) landscape ecosystem types, the Lower Grand River watershed is composed of Lansing, Jamestown, Southern Lake Michigan Lake Plain, and Greenville subsections (Albert, 1995). The eastern portion of the watershed is in the Lansing ecosystem subsection, where soils are rich loams. Pre-settlement vegetation would have supported beech and maple forests with occasional pockets of forested wetlands, which formerly occupied about 30 percent of the area. Most uplands in the fertile Lansing subsection have been converted to agriculture while most wetlands were deforested and converted to pastureland. Drainage by tiling and ditching was necessary to support agriculture in many areas, and as a result, many stream headwaters that were once sprawling wetlands are now drainage ditches and maintained drains with low gradient (less than 1 meter elevation drop per kilometer). Topography is gently rolling in the Lansing subsection. The western portion of the watershed, most of Ottawa County, is part of the Southern Lake Michigan Lake Plain subsection. The Southern Lake Michigan Lake Plain soils are composed mainly of sandy lacustrine deposits of 50 to 350 feet thick, overlying shale bedrock which is rarely exposed. These sandy areas were deltas formed by the periglacial Grand River. Clay dominated moraines are also present causing gentle slopes with a 6-12 percent gradient. A narrow band of the Jamestown subsection runs north-south through the eastern end of Ottawa County, where Sand and Deer Creek watersheds are characterized by more clayey ground and end moraines and used largely for row crop agriculture. The northern portions of Kent County, in the vicinity of Indian Mill Creek and Mill Creek are in the Greenville subsection. The Greenville Subsection is characterized by a hillier landscape, with some hills up to 140 feet high resulting in occasional steep slopes. Upland soils tend to be excessively drained sands, while lowland areas are composed of poorly drained sandy outwash deposits. Due to the poor agricultural value of this land, after being cleared of forests for agriculture, much of these lands have been

2 Legend O! Poor Macroinvertebrate Sites ^` Acceptable or Excellent Macroinvertebrate Sites M u s k e g o n LowerGrandShed_Dissolve / cities

0 2.5 5 10 15 Miles

^`23

26 25 24 ^` K e n tt ^` ^O`! M o n tt c a ll m . 20 r . ^` C r 31

e Norton Shores C i r

is 22 i rr ^`

^` a o 35 ^`^`^` 29 r ^`N ^`30 27 28 P r. ^` C 21 y r D

e

k e 34 e Mill C c r r. 46 4 ^` ro C 14 C r Coopersville . Grand Haven 39 ^` ^` ^` ^O`! 19 18 ^` S 3 47 ^` a 16

n B

d ^`

I 5

n^` 15 C e ? d

e ^O`! l s r la

U i m 36 . a ^` 6 n ` y C 2 h Mi ^ r. is ll F ` 17 Ionia ^ r Allendale ^` e ` e ^ Site List - 2009 t t a a r 38 w `!37 e b 45 ^O l d ` e ^ l N b `! t ^O r o 1 a

O ` e ^ e t

I C `v ^` d ^ 33 n 42 T a n g e 40 i n A r 48 w o ^`i m ` r t ^ - e i T n c e t d a S ` a e ^ o e 44 43 41 WATERBODY LOCATION LATITUDE LONGITUDE Stream Type N M M W S Bas 32 s Cr Lowell ^O`! 7 1 Goose Creek Pline Rd . ^` 2 Prairie Creek Main St (Ionia) ^O`! C i t y o f G r a n d R a p i d s ^` 3 Prairie Creek Ernest Rd 9 C i t y o f G r a n d R a p i d s ^` 4 Prairie Creek Charles Rd ^` 5 Bellamy Creek Lyle Rd 13 11 8 S 6 Bellamy Creek Lincoln Ave r. ^` ^` B e

12 u s 7 Sessions Creek Ainsworth Rd Rus h C c ^` ^` k s 8 Lake Creek McArthur St C r. i 9 Buck Creek Ivanrest Ave o Portland 10 Buck Creek 76th St n 11 Buck Creek Byron Center Ave s

12 Rush Creek Cottonwood Dr C 13 Rush Creek 12th Ave 10 r 14 Mill Creek 6 Mile Rd . 15 Indian Mill Creek Richmond Park O tt tt a w a 16 Indian Mill Creek 3-Mile Rd.` ^` II o n ii a 17 Ottawa Creek d/s 48th 18 Sand Creek State St (Marne) 19 Deer Creek Mill Rd 20 Crockery Creek Schram Rd 21 Crockery Creek Ensley Rd (96th Ave) 22 Crockery Creek Patterson Rd 23 Crockery Creek Trent Rd 24 N B Crockery Creek 24th Ave 25 N B Crockery Creek 36th Ave 26 N B Crockery Creek Kenowa Ave (downstream) 27 Rio Grand Creek Blackmer Rd 28 Rio Grand Creek Ravenna Rd 29 Rio Grand Creek 32nd Ave 30 Sandfn ord Drain Pontaluna Rd

31 Lawrea nce Drain Sternberg Rd 32 Bass Creek Pierce St g A ll ll e g a n

33 Bass i Creek Winans St 34 Black Creek Cleveland St 35 Norrish Creek end of 144th E a t o n c E a t o n 36 Grand River off Lyons Rd i 37 Grand River off end of tabor St 38 Grand River off Roshowa Ter 39 GranM d River off end of 120th Ave

40 Grand River off end of Harwood Rd 41 Graend River Bridge St (Saranac)

42 Grak nd River off Riverside Dr (east) 43 Grand River off end of Pinkney Rd a 44 Grand River off end of Taylor St 45 GrLand River M-45 (Lake Michigan Dr) 46 Grand River Jupiter Ave 47 Grand River end of 84th Ave 48 Grand River off Riverside Dr (west)

Figure 1. Status/trend and targeted sites in the Lower Grand River Watershed 2009 survey.

3 abandoned for this purpose and converted to residential areas near the city of Grand Rapids and old field forest succession further from the city.

Historical Sampling Efforts and Information

Tributaries to the Lower Grand River were last surveyed in 2004 (Rockafellow, 2005). The depth and size of the main stem Grand River preclude the use of MDEQ Procedure 51 to evaluate macroinvertebrate and fish communities. The MDEQ has recently developed a procedure for evaluating aquatic communities in nonwadeable streams, which was implemented during the 2009 survey at status and trend sites. In 2004, the MDEQ visited 56 sites and conducted macroinvertebrate community surveys at 45 of these stations, and fish community surveys at 21 stations. The majority of sites surveyed resulted in acceptable macroinvertebrate communities, with 4 sites rated poor, and the remaining 4 scoring excellent. Poor macroinvertebrate communities were found on Indian Mill Creek, Rush Creek, Red Creek and Plaster Creek. The fish community rated poor at 10 stations, located on Indian Mill Creek, Mill Creek, Plaster Creek, Bear Creek, York Creek, and in the Sand Creek sub-watershed. The coldwater fishery designated use was not being attained in Indian Mill Creek, an urban, highly flashy system in the City of Grand Rapids. Eleven sites were sampled for common water quality chemical parameters, and results throughout the watershed indicated no exceedances of standards, but an overall elevated phosphorus concentration when compared with reference sites (Lundgren, 1994).

METHODS

Sites for this water quality survey were selected via two methods: targeted sampling to address specific areas of interest; and probabilistic sampling, using stratified, random site selection to address statewide and regional questions about water quality. The probabilistic approach was used to select 44 sites in the Lower Grand watershed (MDEQ, 2006 draft). Random sample selection was stratified based on stream temperature and flow characteristics, placing streams in two temperature categories (cold and warm) and further classifying them into four size categories (small, medium, large, and very large). In addition to probabilistic monitoring, four sites were selected for targeted monitoring to fulfill specific monitoring requests, fill gaps in historic surveys, and collect information relevant to National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits (Objectives 2-4). Water and sediment samples were collected and preserved using the MDEQ standard protocols (MDNR, 1994).

Procedure 51 describes the methodology for macroinvertebrate and habitat surveys of wadeable streams, and was used to evaluate Stations 1-30 and 32-35. Procedure 51 rates macroinvertebrate communities as poor (-9 to -5), acceptable (-4 to +4), and excellent (+5 to +10), based on the proportions of each taxa found, and the sensitivity of the community assemblage to water quality concerns. Habitat was rated on a scale of poor (<56), marginal (56-104), good (105-154), or excellent (>154), based on in-stream and riparian characteristics and impairments. Stations 36-48 were surveyed using the procedure for nonwadeable streams (MDEQ, 2009 draft). The nonwadeable procedure uses a different set of metrics and scoring scale than P-51, and rates macroinvertebrate communties as poor (0-25), marginal (26-50), good (51-75) and excellent (76-100). The habitat at these nonwadeable sites is not scored using P-51, but is described at each transect during the survey process.

RESULTS

Objective 1: Evaluate the attainment status of the “other indigenous aquatic life and wildlife” designated use.

4

Habitat Habitat scores ranged from poor at one site (Station 29) on Rio Grande Creek to excellent at three sites (Stations 3-5) on Prairie Creek (Table 3). In general, flow flashiness, low frequency of riffles and bends, lack of channel sinuosity, and high sediment deposition were noted as problems at poor and marginal sites. All of these are symptoms caused by the channelization and straightening of the water bodies, particularly in headwaters. At stations where habitat was determined to be marginal, channel alteration was consistently noted as a problem and was often accompanied by a narrow or absent vegetated riparian buffer. The flows of the Grand River for the sampling period were above the 50 percent exceedance flow for August and September (650 and 570 cubic feet per second, respectively) calculated at Ionia, Michigan (Figure 2).

Grand River at Ionia (USGS gage 04116000) 2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000 discharge (cfs) discharge

500

0

p p p e e e ep ep -Aug S -Sep S S -Sep -S -Sep -S 5-Aug 1-Aug 2- 4 6- 8- 23-Aug2 27 29-Aug3 10-Sep12 14 16-Sep18 20 22-Sep Date

Figure 2. Flow of the Grand River as recorded by the USGS gage in Ionia during the period of the biological surveys; August-September, 2009.

Macroinvertebrate Community Macroinvertebrate communities in wadeable streams were sampled and scored using Procedure 51. Results indicate that macroinvertebrate communities were excellent at 4 sites, acceptable at 29 sites, and poor at 1 site (Table 2). The excellent, high quality macroinvertebrate communities were found in Prairie and Bellamy Creek watersheds (Stations 3-6). The poor macroinvertebrate community rating was found in the North Branch Crockery Creek at 24th Ave (Station 24). Of the 13 nonwadeable stations surveyed for macroinvertebrate community condition, 3 rated good, 4 rated marginal, and 6 scored poor. Wadeable and nonwadeable sites that scored poor are described below:

1. North Branch Crockery Creek at 24th (Station 24): The macroinvertebrate community and habitat in the North Branch of Crockery Creek were surveyed at three locations: Stations 24, 25, and 26. Near the headwaters, the community at the North Branch of Crockery Creek downstream of Kenowa Avenue scored on the high range of acceptable (+2). The macroinvertebrate community scores decreased downstream. Several miles downstream at 36th Avenue, the community scored four points lower, but still within the acceptable range (-2). At 24th Avenue (Station 24) the macroinvertebrate community scored poor (-5). Stations 25 and 26, were categorized as riffle run areas while the site

5

which scored poor, Station 24, was a glide pool area. Station 24 had been dredged and straightened, and was in an agricultural area with an abandoned field on one bank, and a horse pasture on the other. The horse had full access to an area of the stream bed, though the amount of access was restricted by fencing (Figure 3). The poor macroinvertebrate community at station 24 appears to have resulted from physical habitat alterations to the stream (modification by dredging) and is probably aggravated by the persistent, but spatially limited, livestock access causing increased bank erosion and disturbance of the bottom sediments.

Figure 3. Horse pasture with stream access located on the North Branch Crockery Creek (Station 24).

2. Poor macroinvertebrate communities in the main stem Lower Grand River: Six stations on the main stem Lower Grand River were found to support poor macroinvertebrate communities. These sites were surveyed using the MDEQ protocol for nonwadeable rivers, which entails focusing sampling efforts on 11 transects along 1 mile of river per station. Generally, the 6 poorly scoring sites lack stable habitat necessary for a diverse macroinvertebrate community, and the size and depth of the river (due to historic dredging and damming) does not allow for the formation of riffles or wetland vegetation at the margins. The 6 poor sites were spatially distributed throughout the length of the Lower Grand, but 4 of the sites were located in the downstream section of the river, between Grand Rapids and the mouth at Lake Michigan.

a. Grand River off end of Tabor St: (Station 37) This station was near the town of Lyons. The macroinvertebrate habitat at this station was relatively diverse when compared with the other nonwadeable sites which scored poor for macroinvertebrate communities. The habitat was composed of fine and course substrates, macrophytes and large woody debris. Overhanging banks were lacking. The macroinvertebrate community was characterized by a lack of diversity (11 families)

6

and a lack of caddisflies (trichopterans). Water boatmen (Corixidae) were the dominant family found during the survey.

b. Grand River off end of 120th (Station 39): This station is the furthest downstream station in the watershed, and is approximately 11 miles upstream of the mouth at Lake Michigan. In this section of the river the thalweg was a mix of sandy and fine clay/silt/muck throughout the entire length of the sampled reach, and had a depth of 1.7-3.0 meters. The banks on both sides were reinforced with walls and rip-rap. Sparse macrophytes and algae were present. The macroinvertebrate community was characterized by a predominance of chironomidae.

c. Grand River off end of Taylor St (Station 44): This station is located just downstream of the City of Grand Rapids, and sampled macroinvertebrate habitat was dominated by large woody debris and fine particulate organic matter. This site was characterized by a lack of coarse substrates such as cobble, and macrophytes were absent from 9 of 11 transects. The macroinvertebrate community was characterized by a predominance of chironomidae.

d. Grand River at M-45 (Lake Michigan Drive) (Station 45): Sampled macroinvertebrate habitat was dominated by fine particulate organic matter and large woody debris. Sand, coarse substrates, cobble and overhanging banks were entirely absent from all the transects. Macrophytes were present at only 1 of the 11 sampling transects. Land-use surrounding this site was a mix of agriculture, residential and commercial. The macroinvertebrate community was characterized by a predominance of chironomidae.

e. Grand River at end of 84th (Station 47): Sampled macroinvertebrate habitat was lacking sand, coarse substrates, cobble, and overhanging banks. Macrophytes were common at this station and were present at 8 of the 11 transects. The macroinvertebrate community was characterized by a predominance of chironomidae.

f. Grand River off Riverside Drive (Station 48): This station scored the lowest of all the randomly selected nonwadeable sites. Sampled macroinvertebrate habitat was dominated by fine particulate organic matter and large woody debris. Sand, coarse substrates and overhanging banks were entirely absent from the transects. Macrophytes were present at only 1 of the 11 sampling transects. The macroinvertebrate community was characterized by a predominance of chironomidae, low relative abundance of trichopterans and low diversity sensitive taxa (ephemera, plecoptera, and trichoptera).

Objective 2: Identify and investigate effects of NPS of pollution.

No recommendations for monitoring to specifically support the NPS program were received for the Lower Grand; however, several problem areas were observed while conducting surveys. Lawrence Drain at Sternberg Road (Station 31) was randomly selected for a macroinvertebrate survey. Procedure 51 was not conducted at this station because it was deemed inappropriate due to the lack of flow. Excessive algae was found at the site (Figure 4), and a water sample showed elevated chemical oxygen demand (28 mg/L), total organic carbon (12 mg/L), total nitrogen (0.86 mg/L) and total ammonia (0.085 mg/L). Total phosphorus (0.042 mg/L) was not particularly elevated in comparison with the other stations sampled during this survey; however, it is likely that any phosphorus would be tied up in the live algal biomass. Excessive nutrients,

7 such as carbon and nitrogen (and possibly phosphorus), and lack of flow are probably responsible for the excessive algae seen at this site.

Figure 4. Conditions at Lawrence Drain (Station 31).

Severe streambank erosion due to flashiness was evident at Station 17, at Ottawa Creek downstream of 48th St. Erosion resulted in raw areas reaching a maximum of 10 feet deep (Figure 5). The height of the eroded banks, and therefore the down-cutting of the stream bed, averaged about 2-3 feet (Figure 6). Flashiness was further indicated by the low water levels during this survey, the water occupied only about a third of the stream bed suggesting that rapid transport of storm water may be affecting baseflow. Although the acceptable macroinvertebrate score indicates that this stream is meeting the aquatic life and wildlife designated use, the extreme bank erosion and flashiness of this stream in an increasingly urban area indicates that it would benefit from storm water management.

8

Figure 5. Severe bank erosion in Ottawa Creek (Station 17).

Figure 6. About 60 percent of the Ottawa Creek stream bed is dry (Station 17).

Objective 3: Follow up on stakeholder recommendations.

The MDEQ received a stakeholder recommendation to monitor Indian Mill Creek to determine the attainment status of the cold water fish and other indigenous aquatic life and wildlife designated uses. The recommendation was received from the West Michigan Environmental Action Council.

A fish community survey at Richmond Park resulted in the capture of only 36 fish in 45 minutes of backpack electroshocking. The community was composed of 9 rainbow trout, 1 brown trout, a burbot, several other minor taxa, and was dominated by white suckers (Table 4). The left bank (as determined by facing downstream) was a walled junk yard or waste facility. The soil

9 composing the left bank was embedded with trash, which appeared to be from this waste facility. The substrate in the stream was composed of a mix of cobble, gravel and boulders with little accumulated sediment. There was nothing evident in the in-stream habitat assessment which would obviously impair the numbers in the fish community. Macroinvertebrate surveys at this site, on the same date, scored acceptable (-2) and the community was dominated by the ephemeroptera in the family Beatidae, Trichoptera in the Hydropsychidae family and sowbugs (Isopoda). For a point of reference, another Indian Mill Creek site was surveyed upstream at 3 Mile Road (Station 16). Backpack electroshocking at this site resulted in the capture of 121 individuals, 4% of which were salmonids, resulting in the determination that the upstream portion of Indian Mill Creek is attaining the cold water fish designated use. At station 16, 3 Mile Road, the in-stream habitat and macroinvertebrate community was similar to station 15, while the riparian zone aspects of the habitat survey were clearly improved over station 15. Salmonids were found at both Indian Mill Creek sites, but the failure to capture the required minimum of 50 fish at station 15 indicates that this reach of the creek is not attaining the cold water fish designated use for unknown reasons.

Water samples and sediment samples were collected at both Indian Mill Creek Stations (Tables 5 and 6). Although there did appear to be higher concentrations of some metals in the sediments at station 15, more investigation would be needed to make that determination and the concentrations at both stations are below the United States Environmental Protection Agency threshold concentrations.

Objective 4: Reassess water bodies listed as Categories 3, 4a, 4c or 5 in the Section 303(d) list of nonattaining water bodies.

Assessment units for each of the survey stations are listed in Table 7. Two assessment unit identifiers (AUIDs) had been previously listed in the Clean Water Act Section 303(d) list of water bodies not attaining the “other indigenous aquatic life and wildlife” designated use due to stream modifications (Category 4c); these are located in Rush Creek and Mill Creek. Two sites on Rush Creek (Stations 12 and 13, AUID 040500060511-02) were found to be supporting acceptable macroinvertebrate communities. It was determined that Procedure 51 surveys could not be conducted in the Mill Creek AUID (040500060503-04) due to a lack of flow. No water bodies in the Lower Grand were listed as Category 3 (insufficient information) in the 2010 303(d) report.

Ottawa Creek was targeted for monitoring downstream of 48th Street because in 2007 a persistent illicit discharge of dairy waste created bacterial slime conditions in the stream (Rippke, 2007). At that time, the macroinvertebrate community scored -5 (poor), with Chironomidae representing 96 percent of the community. The slimes and poor macroinvertebrate community resulted in the waterbody being listed in the 2010 303(d) list as not attaining the aquatic life and wildlife designated use and requiring a Total Maximum Daily Load (category 5). In 2009, the macroinvertebrate community survey at the same location resulted in an acceptable score of -2, and no slimes were present since the illicit discharge was eliminated. These results will be considered during the 2012 update of the Section 303(d) list.

10

Fieldwork by: Molly Rippke, Aquatic Biologist Tamara Lipsey, Aquatic Biologist Sylvia Heaton, Aquatic Biologist Surface Water Assessment Section Water Resources Division

Seth Wright Great Lakes Environmental Center

Report by: Molly Rippke, Aquatic Biologist Surface Water Assessment Section Water Resources Division

11 REFERENCES

Albert, Dennis A. 1995. Regional Landscape Ecosystems of Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin: A Working Map and Classification. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-178. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, Jamestown, ND: Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Online. (The link provided was broken and has been removed.) (Version 03JUN1998).

Creal, W., S. Hanshue, and S. Kosek. 1996. Update of GLEAS Procedure 51 Metric Scoring and Interpretation. MDEQ Staff Report No. MI/DEQ/SWQ-96/068. Revised May 1998.

Lundgren, R. 1994. Reference Site Monitoring Report 1992-1993. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Surface Water Quality Division, Lansing, Michigan. Report No. MI/DNR/SWQ-94/048.

MDEQ. 1990. SWAS Procedure 51 - Qualitative Biological and Habitat Survey Protocols for Wadeable Streams and Rivers, April 24, 1990. Revised June 1991, August 1996, January 1997, May 2002, and December 2008.

MDEQ. 2006. Draft. Water Bureau, Surface Water Assessment Section, Procedure (# to be assigned). Biological Trend Monitoring Procedure for Wadeable Streams.

MDEQ. 2009. Draft. Qualitative Biological and Habitat Survey Protocols for NonWadeable Rivers.

MDEQ. 1990. Surface Water Assessment Section Procedure 51 - Qualitative Biological and Habitat Survey Protocols for Wadeable Streams and Rivers. Revised June 1991, August 1996, January 1997, May 2002, and December 2008.

MDNR. 1994. Quality Assurance Manual for Water, Sediment, and Biological Sampling. Surface Water Quality Division, Lansing, Michigan. MI/DEQ/SWQ-98/083.

Omernik, J.M. and A. Gallant, 1988. Ecoregions of the Upper Midwest States. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, EPA/600/3-88/037.

Persaud, D., R. Jaagumagi, and A. Hayton, 1993. Guidelines for the protection and management of aquatic sediment quality in Ontario. Water Resources Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Toronto.

Rippke, M. 2007. Water Quality Investigation of Ottawa Creek Downstream of Leprino Foods, Inc., August 2, 2007. Staff Report #MI/DEQ/WB-07/098.

Rockafellow, D. 2005. A Biological Survey of Selected Tributaries to the Lower Grand River and Water Chemistry Data from the Lower Grand River, Ionia, Kent, Newaygo and Ottawa Counties. Staff Report - MI/DEQ/WB-05/097.

Smith, S.L., D.D. MacDonald, K.A. Keenleyside, C.G. Ingersoll, and J. Field, 1996. A. preliminary evaluation of sediment quality assessment values for freshwater ecosystems. Journal of Great Lakes Research. Vol 22:624-638.

12

United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1996. Calculation and evaluation of sediment effect concentrations for the amphipod Hyalella azteca and the midge Chironomus riparius. EPA 905-R96-008, Great Lakes National Program Office, Region V, Chicago, IL.

13

Table 1. Site locations and summary of survey results for sites within the Lower Grand River Watershed.

14 Table 2A. Qualitative macroinvertebrate sampling results for sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009. Goose Creek Prairie Creek Prairie Creek Prairie Creek Pline Rd North of Rt 21 Ernest Road Charles Rd 9/8/2009 8/27/2009 8/27/2009 9/8/2009 TAXA STATION 1 STATION 2 STATION 3 STATION 4

ANNELIDA (segmented worms) Oligochaeta (worms) 4 57 3 1 ARTHROPODA Crustacea Amphipoda (scuds) 110 8 4 5 Decapoda (crayfish) 6 4 2 13 Isopoda (sowbugs) 1 Arachnoidea Hydracarina 1 Insecta Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Baetiscidae 7 Baetidae 3 26 26 21 Caenidae 2 Ephemerellidae 13 Ephemeridae 1 1 Heptageniidae 3 6 2 23 Isonychiidae 2 11 2 Leptophlebiidae 3 Tricorythidae 1 1 Odonata Anisoptera (dragonflies) Aeshnidae 5 6 1 4 Gomphidae 1 Zygoptera (damselflies) Calopterygidae 22 12 1 17 Coenagrionidae 1 Plecoptera (stoneflies) Perlidae 85 Pteronarcyidae 1 Hemiptera (true bugs) Belostomatidae 2 2 Corixidae 12 25 3 Gerridae 2 6 Nepidae 1 1 Notonectidae 2 1 Pleidae 12 1 Veliidae 1 1 1 Megaloptera Corydalidae (dobson flies) 5 Sialidae (alder flies) 1 Trichoptera (caddisflies) Brachycentridae 12 Glossosomatidae 1 Helicopsychidae 75 Hydropsychidae 30 14 66 58 Hydroptilidae 5 Leptoceridae 1 4 Limnephilidae 3 Philopotamidae 2 Phryganeidae 16 Polycentropodidae 3 1 Uenoidae 21 Coleoptera (beetles) Dytiscidae (total) 2 8 Haliplidae (adults) 1 4 Dryopidae 2 Elmidae 11 10 39 10 Diptera (flies) Athericidae 1 18 1 Ceratopogonidae 1 Chaoboridae 2 Chironomidae 55 37 33 26 Dixidae 4 7 1 Empididae 1 1 Simuliidae 19 30 4 Tabanidae 6 1 Tipulidae 3 2 2 MOLLUSCA Gastropoda (snails) Ancylidae (limpets) 11 Hydrobiidae 1 Physidae 2 4 5 2 Pleuroceridae 21 Pelecypoda (bivalves) Sphaeriidae (clams) 1 2 6

TOTAL INDIVIDUALS 311 281 271 265

15 Table 2A. Qualitative macroinvertebrate sampling results for sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009. Bellamy Creek Bellamy Creek Sessions Creek Lake Creek Lyle Road Lincoln Avenue Ainsworth Road McArthur Street 8/27/2009 9/8/2009 8/27/2009 8/27/2009 TAXA STATION 5 STATION 6 STATION 7 STATION 8

PORIFERA (sponges) 1 PLATYHELMINTHES (flatworms) Turbellaria 1 2 ANNELIDA (segmented worms) Oligochaeta (worms) 6 2 6 ARTHROPODA Crustacea Amphipoda (scuds) 11 1 2 Decapoda (crayfish) 14 3 4 3 Isopoda (sowbugs) 3 Arachnoidea Hydracarina 2 1 4 Insecta Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Baetidae 12 17 9 111 Caenidae 2 Ephemerellidae 1 11 Ephemeridae 1 Heptageniidae 46 8 29 Isonychiidae 20 3 5 Odonata Anisoptera (dragonflies) Aeshnidae 2 2 2 Cordulegastridae 1 Gomphidae 1 Zygoptera (damselflies) Calopterygidae 3 3 14 Plecoptera (stoneflies) Perlidae 1 1 Hemiptera (true bugs) Belostomatidae 11 Corixidae 1 Gerridae 2 1 10 3 Pleidae 2 Veliidae 1 1 1 Megaloptera Corydalidae (dobson flies) 2 Trichoptera (caddisflies) Glossosomatidae 8 Helicopsychidae 1 14 4 Hydropsychidae 25 69 48 11 Leptoceridae 1 1 Limnephilidae 1 Philopotamidae 1 Phryganeidae 1 Uenoidae 1 1 Coleoptera (beetles) Hydrophilidae (total) 1 Psephenidae (adults) 5 1 Dryopidae 4 3 2 1 Elmidae 39 14 23 10 Haliplidae (larvae) 1 Diptera (flies) Athericidae 11 11 13 Ceratopogonidae 1 1 Chironomidae 37 68 15 63 Empididae 11 Simuliidae 5 2 6 79 Tabanidae 6 Tipulidae 4 1 3 MOLLUSCA Gastropoda (snails) Ancylidae (limpets) 1 1 Hydrobiidae 1 Physidae 6 6 17 2 Pleuroceridae 12 1 Pelecypoda (bivalves) Sphaeriidae (clams) 4 8 2 1

TOTAL INDIVIDUALS 260 276 226 307

16 Table 2A. Qualitative macroinvertebrate sampling results for sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

Buck Creek Buck Creek Buck Creek Rush Creek Ivanrest Avenue 76th Street Byron Center Avenue Cottonwood Drive 9/14/2009 9/14/2009 9/14/2009 9/14/2009 TAXA STATION 9 STATION 10 STATION 11 STATION 12

PLATYHELMINTHES (flatworms) Turbellaria 2 15 ANNELIDA (segmented worms) Oligochaeta (worms) 4 30 3 4 ARTHROPODA Crustacea Amphipoda (scuds) 30 10 63 45 Decapoda (crayfish) 3 14 1 Isopoda (sowbugs) 21 21 30 1 Arachnoidea Hydracarina 1 Insecta Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Baetidae 3 13 5 Caenidae 2 Ephemerellidae 1 Heptageniidae 1 1 2 Odonata Anisoptera (dragonflies) Aeshnidae 1 Zygoptera (damselflies) Calopterygidae 22 8 21 50 Coenagrionidae 7 32 5 1 Hemiptera (true bugs) Belostomatidae 2 1 1 Corixidae 1 1 Gerridae 1 Mesoveliidae 3 Pleidae 2 1 Trichoptera (caddisflies) Hydropsychidae 11 54 67 64 Hydroptilidae 12 Leptoceridae 2 Polycentropodidae 11 Coleoptera (beetles) Haliplidae (adults) 4 1 Dryopidae 5 1 Elmidae 5 5 11 Diptera (flies) Ceratopogonidae 2 Chironomidae 6 27 15 14 Culicidae 3 1 Simuliidae 8 2 Tipulidae 3 3 MOLLUSCA Gastropoda (snails) Ancylidae (limpets) 1 1 Physidae 6 3 3 Pelecypoda (bivalves) Sphaeriidae (clams) 2 7 2 1

TOTAL INDIVIDUALS 133 237 230 231

17 Table 2A. Qualitative macroinvertebrate sampling results for sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

Rush Creek Mill Creek Indian Mill Creek Indian Mill Creek 12th Ave 6 Mile Rd North of Richmond Park 3 Mile Rd 9/14/2009 8/27/2009 9/11/2009 9/1/2009 TAXA STATION 13 STATION 14 STATION 15 STATION 16

PLATYHELMINTHES (flatworms) Turbellaria 1 24 1 ANNELIDA (segmented worms) Hirudinea (leeches) 4 Oligochaeta (worms) 100 34 27 17 ARTHROPODA Crustacea Amphipoda (scuds) 5 20 15 Decapoda (crayfish) 1 Isopoda (sowbugs) 196 40 43 Arachnoidea Hydracarina 4 1 1 Insecta Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Baetidae 19 55 49 Caenidae 1 Heptageniidae 1 Odonata Anisoptera (dragonflies) Aeshnidae 2 1 Zygoptera (damselflies) Calopterygidae 25 1 5 Coenagrionidae 1 1 Hemiptera (true bugs) Gerridae 2 1 3 Mesoveliidae 1 Notonectidae 1 Pleidae 6 Saldidae 1 Trichoptera (caddisflies) Hydropsychidae 22 25 43 57 Coleoptera (beetles) Haliplidae (adults) 2 Hydrophilidae (total) 1 Dryopidae 1 Elmidae 13 11 2 17 Diptera (flies) Athericidae 3 3 2 Chironomidae 30 18 30 21 Culicidae 1 Simuliidae 18 27 4 31 Tipulidae 2 1 2 2 MOLLUSCA Gastropoda (snails) Physidae 1 Viviparidae 1 Pelecypoda (bivalves) Dreissenidae 1 Sphaeriidae (clams) 1 3 Unionidae (mussels) 1

TOTAL INDIVIDUALS 238 363 235 271

18 Table 2A. Qualitative macroinvertebrate sampling results for sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

Ottawa Creek Sand Creek Deer Creek Crockery Creek Downstream 48th State Street Mill Rd Schram Rd 9/16/2009 8/25/2009 8/26/2009 8/26/2009 TAXA STATION 17 STATION 18 STATION 19 STATION 20

PLATYHELMINTHES (flatworms) Turbellaria 2 ANNELIDA (segmented worms) Oligochaeta (worms) 1 5 7 11 ARTHROPODA Crustacea Amphipoda (scuds) 266 106 20 220 Decapoda (crayfish) 12 6 7 Isopoda (sowbugs) 13 32 8 3 Insecta Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Baetidae 5 12 20 11 Heptageniidae 11 Odonata Anisoptera (dragonflies) Aeshnidae 1 1 1 3 Gomphidae 1 Zygoptera (damselflies) Calopterygidae 7 15 37 4 Coenagrionidae 2 3 Plecoptera (stoneflies) Perlidae 1 Hemiptera (true bugs) Corixidae 70 9 Gerridae 5 4 Notonectidae 1 5 Veliidae 1 1 Megaloptera Sialidae (alder flies) 1 2 1 Trichoptera (caddisflies) Brachycentridae 4 Helicopsychidae 2 Hydropsychidae 91 38 31 11 Leptoceridae 1 Limnephilidae 1 Coleoptera (beetles) Haliplidae (adults) 1 2 Dryopidae 1 18 Elmidae 13 24 12 6 Diptera (flies) Chaoboridae 1 Chironomidae 20 9 12 Simuliidae 1 19 7 3 Tabanidae 4 Tipulidae 11 MOLLUSCA Gastropoda (snails) Physidae 8 1 8 Pelecypoda (bivalves) Sphaeriidae (clams) 1 3 1

TOTAL INDIVIDUALS 406 304 262 338

19 Table 2A. Qualitative macroinvertebrate sampling results for sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009. Crockery Creek Crockery Creek Crockery Creek North Branch Crockery Creek Ensley Rd Patterson Road Trent Road 24th Avenue 8/24/2009 8/25/2009 8/26/2009 8/26/2009 TAXA STATION 21 STATION 22 STATION 23 STATION 24

ANNELIDA (segmented worms) Oligochaeta (worms) 3 6 ARTHROPODA Crustacea Amphipoda (scuds) 71 138 137 185 Decapoda (crayfish) 3 3 4 11 Isopoda (sowbugs) 12 1 2 15 Arachnoidea Hydracarina 1 Insecta Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Baetiscidae 1 Baetidae 13 15 1 Heptageniidae 4 4 1 5 Odonata Anisoptera (dragonflies) Aeshnidae 7 2 5 1 Gomphidae 1 1 Zygoptera (damselflies) Calopterygidae 8 1 11 7 Plecoptera (stoneflies) Perlidae 1 Hemiptera (true bugs) Belostomatidae 1 Corixidae 74 30 10 2 Gerridae 2 5 Notonectidae 1 1 1 Pleidae 1 Veliidae 1 1 2 Megaloptera Sialidae (alder flies) 3 Trichoptera (caddisflies) Brachycentridae 31 6 1 Hydropsychidae 3 10 Leptoceridae 1 Limnephilidae 1 5 Phryganeidae 3 Polycentropodidae 1 1 Coleoptera (beetles) Gyrinidae (adults) 27 3 Haliplidae (adults) 1 Hydrophilidae (total) 1 Dryopidae 1 1 Elmidae 10 7 8 16 Diptera (flies) Athericidae 1 9 Chironomidae 35 9 19 9 Culicidae 1 Dixidae 2 Simuliidae 7 1 1 Stratiomyidae 3 2 Tabanidae 2 4 MOLLUSCA Gastropoda (snails) Physidae 4 2 Planorbidae 1 Valvatidae 1 Pelecypoda (bivalves) Pisidiidae 1

TOTAL INDIVIDUALS 291 256 249 272

20 Table 2A. Qualitative macroinvertebrate sampling results for sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

North Branch Crockery Creek North Branch Crockery Creek Rio Grande Creek Rio Grand Creek 36th Avenue Kenowa Avenue Blackmer Rd Ravenna Road 8/26/2009 8/26/2009 8/26/2009 8/26/2009 TAXA STATION 25 STATION 26 STATION 27 STATION 28

ANNELIDA (segmented worms) Oligochaeta (worms) 4 1 ARTHROPODA Crustacea Amphipoda (scuds) 146 89 107 106 Decapoda (crayfish) 22 7 32 17 Isopoda (sowbugs) 11 1 2 3 Arachnoidea Hydracarina 2 Insecta Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Baetidae 5 9 3 9 Heptageniidae 10 1 5 16 Odonata Anisoptera (dragonflies) Aeshnidae 42 Zygoptera (damselflies) Calopterygidae 8 5 2 8 Hemiptera (true bugs) Corixidae 163 Gerridae 6 1 6 1 Notonectidae 1 3 Megaloptera Corydalidae (dobson flies) 4 Sialidae (alder flies) 1 Trichoptera (caddisflies) Hydropsychidae 19 41 25 39 Limnephilidae 2 Molannidae 1 Phryganeidae 1 1 Coleoptera (beetles) Gyrinidae (adults) 1 Hydrophilidae (total) 1 Psephenidae (adults) 3 Dryopidae 2 4 Elmidae 14 9 26 29 Diptera (flies) Athericidae 5 8 5 Chironomidae 8 46 18 8 Empididae 3 Simuliidae 2 1 17 1 Stratiomyidae 1 Tabanidae 111 Tipulidae 4 5 3 2 MOLLUSCA Gastropoda (snails) Ancylidae (limpets) 3 Hydrobiidae 1 Physidae 1 1 2 Planorbidae 1 Pelecypoda (bivalves) Pisidiidae 1 Sphaeriidae (clams) 4 5 9

TOTAL INDIVIDUALS 274 246 273 263

21 Table 2A. Qualitative macroinvertebrate sampling results for sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

Rio Grand Creek Sanford Drain Bass Creek Bass Creek 32nd Avenue Portaluna Road Pierce Street Winans Street 8/26/2009 9/11/2009 8/24/2009 8/24/2009 TAXA STATION 29 STATION 30 STATION 32 STATION 33

PLATYHELMINTHES (flatworms) Turbellaria 1 ANNELIDA (segmented worms) Hirudinea (leeches) 1 2 Oligochaeta (worms) 1 2 2 2 ARTHROPODA Crustacea Amphipoda (scuds) 71 169 120 42 Decapoda (crayfish) 46 1 3 Isopoda (sowbugs) 45 3 11 30 Insecta Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Baetidae 1 7 Heptageniidae 8 1 14 Odonata Anisoptera (dragonflies) Aeshnidae 7 5 1 4 Gomphidae 1 Zygoptera (damselflies) Calopterygidae 5 8 18 31 Coenagrionidae 1 10 2 Hemiptera (true bugs) Belostomatidae 1 Corixidae 14 9 Gerridae 5 1 Nepidae 1 Notonectidae 1 1 Pleidae 11 Saldidae 11 Veliidae 1 Megaloptera Corydalidae (dobson flies) 1 Sialidae (alder flies) 2 1 4 Trichoptera (caddisflies) Brachycentridae 41 Hydropsychidae 7 3 32 Leptoceridae 1 3 16 Limnephilidae 8 Philopotamidae 1 Phryganeidae 1 3 1 Polycentropodidae 83 Coleoptera (beetles) Dytiscidae (total) 4 1 Gyrinidae (adults) 1 Haliplidae (adults) 1 2 Dryopidae 35 Elmidae 18 6 10 15 Diptera (flies) Chironomidae 6 24 26 14 Culicidae 2 Dixidae 422 Simuliidae 57 Tabanidae 2 Tipulidae 1 MOLLUSCA Gastropoda (snails) Ancylidae (limpets) 4 Physidae 15 10 12 1 Planorbidae 1 5 Pelecypoda (bivalves) Pisidiidae 7 1 Sphaeriidae (clams) 1

TOTAL INDIVIDUALS 266 264 270 232

22 Table 2A. Qualitative macroinvertebrate sampling results for sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

Black Creek Norris Creek Cleveland Street 144th Avenue 8/24/2009 9/16/2009 TAXA STATION 34 STATION 35

ANNELIDA (segmented worms) Oligochaeta (worms) 2 2 ARTHROPODA Crustacea Amphipoda (scuds) 14 54 Decapoda (crayfish) 1 1 Isopoda (sowbugs) 43 7 Arachnoidea Hydracarina 3 Insecta Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Baetidae 1 5 Heptageniidae 2 2 Odonata Anisoptera (dragonflies) Aeshnidae 2 3 Zygoptera (damselflies) Calopterygidae 25 11 Coenagrionidae 2 Hemiptera (true bugs) Belostomatidae 1 Corixidae 10 3 Gerridae 5 1 Notonectidae 1 1 Pleidae 4 Saldidae 4 1 Megaloptera Corydalidae (dobson flies) 3 Sialidae (alder flies) 7 Trichoptera (caddisflies) Hydropsychidae 4 Leptoceridae 1 4 Limnephilidae 11 52 Molannidae 3 Phryganeidae 8 1 Polycentropodidae 2 5 Coleoptera (beetles) Dytiscidae (total) 2 1 Gyrinidae (adults) 2 1 Haliplidae (adults) 6 Hydrophilidae (total) 1 1 Dryopidae 1 Elmidae 1 Diptera (flies) Ceratopogonidae 1 Chironomidae 32 56 Culicidae 6 3 Dixidae 11 20 Simuliidae 5 Tabanidae 1 MOLLUSCA Gastropoda (snails) Ancylidae (limpets) 2 Physidae 8 14 Planorbidae 1 Pelecypoda (bivalves) Sphaeriidae (clams) 1

TOTAL INDIVIDUALS 227 262

23 Table 2B. Macroinvertebrate metric evaluation of sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

Goose Creek Prairie Creek Prairie Creek Prairie Creek Pline Rd North of Rt 21 Ernest Road Charles Rd 9/8/2009 8/27/2009 8/27/2009 9/8/2009 STATION 1 STATION 2 STATION 3 STATION 4 METRIC Value Score Value Score Value Score Value Score

TOTAL NUMBER OF TAXA 28 1 33 1 27 1 38 1 NUMBER OF MAYFLY TAXA 2 0 5 1 5 1 7 1 NUMBER OF CADDISFLY TAXA 4 0 3 0 4 0 8 1 NUMBER OF STONEFLY TAXA 0 -1 0 -1 1 1 2 1 PERCENT MAYFLY COMP. 1.93 -1 12.81 0 15.13 0 26.79 1 PERCENT CADDISFLY COMP. 16.72 0 7.12 0 28.04 0 27.92 0 PERCENT DOMINANT TAXON 35.37 0 20.28 0 24.35 0 21.89 0 PERCENT ISOPOD, SNAIL, LEECH 0.96 1 1.78 1 2.95 1 1.51 1 PERCENT SURF. AIR BREATHERS 6.75 1 19.22 0 0.74 1 4.91 1

TOTAL SCORE 1 2 5 7

MACROINV. COMMUNITY RATING ACCEPT. ACCEPT. EXCELLENT EXCELLEN

24 Table 2B. Macroinvertebrate metric evaluation of sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

Bellamy Creek Bellamy Creek Sessions Creek Lake Creek Lyle Road Lincoln Avenue Ainsworth Road McArthur Street 8/27/2009 9/8/2009 8/27/2009 8/27/2009 STATION 5 STATION 6 STATION 7 STATION 8 METRIC Value Score Value Score Value Score Value Score

TOTAL NUMBER OF TAXA 29 0 33 0 31 0 20 0 NUMBER OF MAYFLY TAXA 5 1 5 1 3 0 1 -1 NUMBER OF CADDISFLY TAXA 6 1 6 1 2 0 1 -1 NUMBER OF STONEFLY TAXA 1 1 1 1 0 -1 0 -1 PERCENT MAYFLY COMP. 31.15 1 14.49 0 19.03 1 36.16 1 PERCENT CADDISFLY COMP. 11.54 0 34.06 1 23.01 0 3.58 -1 PERCENT DOMINANT TAXON 17.69 1 25.00 0 21.24 0 36.16 0 PERCENT ISOPOD, SNAIL, LEECH 2.69 1 3.26 1 8.41 0 1.95 1 PERCENT SURF. AIR BREATHERS 3.08 1 1.09 1 6.64 1 1.63 1

TOTAL SCORE 7 6 1 -1

MACROINV. COMMUNITY RATING EXCELLENT EXCELLENT ACCEPT. ACCEPT.

25 Table 2B. Macroinvertebrate metric evaluation of sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009. Buck Creek Buck Creek Buck Creek Rush Creek Ivanrest Avenue 76th Street Byron Center Avenue Cottonwood Drive 9/14/2009 9/14/2009 9/14/2009 9/14/2009 STATION 9 STATION 10 STATION 11 STATION 12 METRIC Value Score Value Score Value Score Value Score

TOTAL NUMBER OF TAXA 18 0 21 0 18 0 23 0 NUMBER OF MAYFLY TAXA 1 -1 1 -1 3 0 3 0 NUMBER OF CADDISFLY TAXA 1 -1 1 -1 3 0 4 0 NUMBER OF STONEFLY TAXA 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1 PERCENT MAYFLY COMP. 0.75 -1 1.27 -1 6.52 0 3.90 0 PERCENT CADDISFLY COMP. 8.27 0 22.78 0 30.00 1 29.87 1 PERCENT DOMINANT TAXON 22.56 0 22.78 0 29.13 0 27.71 0 PERCENT ISOPOD, SNAIL, LEECH 21.05 -1 10.13 0 13.48 0 1.73 1 PERCENT SURF. AIR BREATHERS 6.77 1 3.80 1 1.30 1 0.43 1

TOTAL SCORE -4 -3 1 2

MACROINV. COMMUNITY RATING ACCEPT. ACCEPT. ACCEPT. ACCEPT.

26 Table 2B. Macroinvertebrate metric evaluation of sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

Rush Creek Mill Creek Indian Mill Creek Indian Mill Creek 12th Ave 6 Mile Rd North of Richmond Park 3 Mile Rd 9/14/2009 8/27/2009 9/11/2009 9/1/2009 STATION 13 STATION 14 STATION 15 STATION 16 METRIC Value Score Value Score Value Score Value Score

TOTAL NUMBER OF TAXA 23 0 12 0 16 0 19 0 NUMBER OF MAYFLY TAXA 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 2 0 NUMBER OF CADDISFLY TAXA 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 NUMBER OF STONEFLY TAXA 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1 PERCENT MAYFLY COMP. 0.42 -1 5.23 0 23.40 1 18.45 0 PERCENT CADDISFLY COMP. 9.24 0 6.89 0 18.30 0 21.03 0 PERCENT DOMINANT TAXON 42.02 -1 53.99 -1 23.40 0 21.03 0 PERCENT ISOPOD, SNAIL, LEECH 0.00 1 53.99 -1 19.15 -1 16.24 -1 PERCENT SURF. AIR BREATHERS 5.88 1 0.28 1 0.43 1 1.11 1

TOTAL SCORE -3 -4 -2 -2

MACROINV. COMMUNITY RATING ACCEPT. ACCEPT. ACCEPT. ACCEPT.

27 Table 2B. Macroinvertebrate metric evaluation of sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

Ottawa Creek Sand Creek Deer Creek Crockery Creek Downstream 48th State Street Mill Rd Schram Rd 9/16/2009 8/25/2009 8/26/2009 8/26/2009 STATION 17 STATION 18 STATION 19 STATION 20 METRIC Value Score Value Score Value Score Value Score

TOTAL NUMBER OF TAXA 15 -1 18 -1 19 -1 25 -1 NUMBER OF MAYFLY TAXA 1 0 1 -1 1 -1 2 0 NUMBER OF CADDISFLY TAXA 2 0 1 -1 1 -1 4 0 NUMBER OF STONEFLY TAXA 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1 1 1 PERCENT MAYFLY COMP. 1.23 -1 3.95 0 7.63 0 6.51 0 PERCENT CADDISFLY COMP. 22.66 0 12.50 0 11.83 0 5.33 0 PERCENT DOMINANT TAXON 65.52 -1 34.87 0 26.72 0 65.09 -1 PERCENT ISOPOD, SNAIL, LEECH 3.20 1 13.16 0 3.44 1 3.25 1 PERCENT SURF. AIR BREATHERS 0.25 1 2.63 1 30.15 -1 3.55 1

TOTAL SCORE -2 -3 -4 1

MACROINV. COMMUNITY RATING ACCEPT. ACCEPT. ACCEPT. ACCEPT.

28 Table 2B. Macroinvertebrate metric evaluation of sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

Crockery Creek Crockery Creek Crockery Creek North Branch Crockery Creek Ensley Rd Patterson Road Treat Road 24th Avenue 8/24/2009 8/25/2009 8/26/2009 8/26/2009 STATION 21 STATION 22 STATION 23 STATION 24 METRIC Value Score Value Score Value Score Value Score

TOTAL NUMBER OF TAXA 26 1 22 0 22 0 20 0 NUMBER OF MAYFLY TAXA 3 0 2 0 2 0 1 -1 NUMBER OF CADDISFLY TAXA 5 1 2 0 3 0 1 -1 NUMBER OF STONEFLY TAXA 0 -1 1 1 0 -1 0 -1 PERCENT MAYFLY COMP. 6.19 0 7.42 0 0.80 -1 1.84 -1 PERCENT CADDISFLY COMP. 12.71 0 6.25 0 3.61 -1 0.37 -1 PERCENT DOMINANT TAXON 25.43 0 53.91 -1 55.02 -1 68.01 -1 PERCENT ISOPOD, SNAIL, LEECH 5.84 0 0.39 1 0.80 1 6.62 0 PERCENT SURF. AIR BREATHERS 27.84 -1 12.89 0 16.06 0 5.88 1

TOTAL SCORE 0 1 -3 -5

MACROINV. COMMUNITY RATING ACCEPT. ACCEPT. ACCEPT. POOR

29 Table 2B. Macroinvertebrate metric evaluation of sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

North Branch Crockery Creek North Branch Crockery Creek Rio Grande Creek Rio Grand Creek 36th Avenue Kenowa Avenue Blackmer Rd Ravenna Road 8/26/2009 8/26/2009 8/26/2009 8/26/2009 STATION 25 STATION 26 STATION 27 STATION 28 METRIC Value Score Value Score Value Score Value Score

TOTAL NUMBER OF TAXA 18 0 27 1 22 0 20 0 NUMBER OF MAYFLY TAXA 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 NUMBER OF CADDISFLY TAXA 1 -1 2 0 1 -1 4 0 NUMBER OF STONEFLY TAXA 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1 PERCENT MAYFLY COMP. 5.47 0 4.07 0 2.93 -1 9.51 0 PERCENT CADDISFLY COMP. 6.93 0 17.07 0 9.16 0 16.35 0 PERCENT DOMINANT TAXON 53.28 -1 36.18 0 39.19 -1 40.30 -1 PERCENT ISOPOD, SNAIL, LEECH 5.47 0 1.63 1 0.73 1 1.90 1 PERCENT SURF. AIR BREATHERS 2.19 1 1.63 1 7.33 0 1.52 1

TOTAL SCORE -2 2 -3 0

MACROINV. COMMUNITY RATING ACCEPT. ACCEPT. ACCEPT. ACCEPT.

30 Table 2B. Macroinvertebrate metric evaluation of sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

Rio Grand Creek Sanford Drain Bass Creek Bass Creek 32nd Avenue Portaluna Road Pierce Street Winans Street 8/26/2009 9/11/2009 8/24/2009 8/24/2009 STATION 29 STATION 30 STATION 32 STATION 33 METRIC Value Score Value Score Value Score Value Score

TOTAL NUMBER OF TAXA 24 0 21 1 32 1 23 0 NUMBER OF MAYFLY TAXA 2 0 0 -1 2 0 1 -1 NUMBER OF CADDISFLY TAXA 2 0 3 0 6 1 4 0 NUMBER OF STONEFLY TAXA 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1 PERCENT MAYFLY COMP. 3.38 0 0.00 -1 2.96 -1 6.03 0 PERCENT CADDISFLY COMP. 3.01 -1 4.55 0 7.41 0 22.41 0 PERCENT DOMINANT TAXON 26.69 0 64.02 -1 44.44 -1 18.10 1 PERCENT ISOPOD, SNAIL, LEECH 24.81 -1 6.82 0 9.26 0 13.36 -1 PERCENT SURF. AIR BREATHERS 9.77 0 1.89 1 6.30 1 0.43 1

TOTAL SCORE -3 -2 0 -1

MACROINV. COMMUNITY RATING ACCEPT. ACCEPT. ACCEPT. ACCEPT.

31 Table 2B. Macroinvertebrate metric evaluation of sites in the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

Black Creek Norris Creek Cleveland Street 144th Avenue 8/24/2009 9/16/2009 STATION 34 STATION 35 METRIC Value Score Value Score

TOTAL NUMBER OF TAXA 34 1 29 1 NUMBER OF MAYFLY TAXA 2 0 2 1 NUMBER OF CADDISFLY TAXA 5 1 5 1 NUMBER OF STONEFLY TAXA 0 -1 0 -1 PERCENT MAYFLY COMP. 1.32 -1 2.67 -1 PERCENT CADDISFLY COMP. 11.01 0 25.19 0 PERCENT DOMINANT TAXON 18.94 1 21.37 0 PERCENT ISOPOD, SNAIL, LEECH 22.91 -1 8.78 0 PERCENT SURF. AIR BREATHERS 18.06 0 4.96 1

TOTAL SCORE 0 2

MACROINV. COMMUNITY RATING ACCEPT. ACCEPT.

32 Table 3. Habitat evaluation for selected tributaries to the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009

STATION 1 STATION 2 STATION 3 STATION 4 STATION 5 Goose Creek Prairie Creek Prairie Creek Prairie Creek Bellamy Creek Pline Rd North of Rt 21 Forest Road Charles Rd Lyle Road RIFFLE/RUN GLIDE/POOL RIFFLE/RUN RIFFLE/RUN RIFFLE/RUN HABITAT METRIC Substrate and Instream Cover Epifaunal Substrate/ Avail Cover (20) 511161816 Embeddedness (20)* 6 18 16 18 Velocity/Depth Regime (20)* 8101515 Pool Substrate Characterization (20)** 10 Pool Variability (20)** 18 Channel Morphology Sediment Deposition (20) 310181316 Flow Status - Maint. Flow Volume (10) 710109 10 Flow Status - Flashiness (10) 2 8 10 10 8 Channel Alteration (20) 13 13 13 18 19 Frequency of Riffles/Bends (20)* 5201611 Channel Sinuosity (20)** 6 Riparian and Bank Structure Bank Stability (L) (10) 6 9 10 10 9 Bank Stability (R) (10) 6 9 10 10 9 Vegetative Protection (L) (10) 8 6 10 9 10 Vegetative Protection (R) (10) 8 6 10 9 10 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (L) (10) 531089 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (R) (10) 9369 8

TOTAL SCORE (200): 91 122 171 170 168

HABITAT RATING: MARGINAL GOOD EXCELLENT EXCELLENT EXCELLENT (MODERATELY (SLIGHTLY (NON- (NON- (NON- IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED)

Note: Individual metrics may better describe conditions directly affecting the biological community while the Habitat Ratin describes the general riverine environment at the site(s)

Date: 9/8/2009 8/27/2009 8/27/2009 9/8/2009 8/27/2009 Weather: Cloudy Cloudy Cloudy Cloudy Cloudy Air Temperature: 70 Deg. F. 72 Deg. F. 75 Deg. F. 75 Deg. F. 70 Deg. F. Water Temperature: 61 Deg. F. 63 Deg. F. 62 Deg. F. 61 Deg. F. 61 Deg. F. Ave. Stream Width: 12 Feet 45 Feet 30 Feet 25 Feet 20 Feet Ave. Stream Depth: 0.5 Feet 2.5 Feet 0.5 Feet 1 Feet 0.5 Feet Surface Velocity: 0.25 Ft./Sec. 0.75 Ft./Sec. 1 Ft./Sec. 1 Ft./Sec. 0.75 Ft./Sec. Estimated Flow: 1.5 CFS 84.375 CFS 15 CFS 25 CFS 7.5 CFS Stream Modifications: None None None None None Nuisance Plants (Y/N): NNNN N Report Number:

STORET No.: 340202 340001 340232 340193 340233 Stream Name: Goose Creek Prairie Creek Prairie Creek Prairie Creek Bellamy Creek Road Crossing/Location: Pline Rd North of Rt 21 Forest Road Charles Rd Lyle Road County Code: 34 34 34 34 34 TRS: 07N05W35 07N06W16 07N06W04 08N06W24 07N07W10

Latitude (dd): 42.9364 42.99274 43.01982 43.05999 43.00184 Longitude (dd): -84.8754 -85.02705 -85.02336 -84.95787 -85.11966 Ecoregion: SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP Stream Type: Coldwater Coldwater Coldwater Coldwater Coldwater

USGS Basin Code: 4050004 4050006 4050006 4050006 4050006

* Applies only to Riffle/Run stream Surveys ** Applies only to Glide/Pool stream Surveys

COMMENTS:

33 Table 3. Habitat evaluation for selected tributaries to the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009

STATION 6 STATION 7 STATION 8 STATION 9 STATION 10 Bellamy Creek Sessions Creek Lake Creek Buck Creek Buck Creek Lincoln Avenue Ainsworth Road McArthur Street Ivanrest Avenue 76th Street RIFFLE/RUN RIFFLE/RUN RIFFLE/RUN GLIDE/POOL GLIDE/POOL HABITAT METRIC Substrate and Instream Cover Epifaunal Substrate/ Avail Cover (20) 13 15 13 8 6 Embeddedness (20)* 18 20 10 Velocity/Depth Regime (20)* 10 15 8 Pool Substrate Characterization (20)** 10 6 Pool Variability (20)** 13 11 Channel Morphology Sediment Deposition (20) 18 11 18 13 3 Flow Status - Maint. Flow Volume (10) 71010109 Flow Status - Flashiness (10) 5992 2 Channel Alteration (20) 15 18 15 3 8 Frequency of Riffles/Bends (20)* 16 15 18 Channel Sinuosity (20)** 55 Riparian and Bank Structure Bank Stability (L) (10) 671022 Bank Stability (R) (10) 651022 Vegetative Protection (L) (10) 8552 5 Vegetative Protection (R) (10) 8555 5 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (L) (10) 105114 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (R) (10) 4213 4

TOTAL SCORE (200): 144 142 133 79 72

HABITAT RATING: GOOD GOOD GOOD MARGINAL MARGINAL (SLIGHTLY (SLIGHTLY (SLIGHTLY (MODERATELY (MODERATELY IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED)

Note: Individual metrics may better describe conditions directly affecting the biological community while the Habitat Ratin describes the general riverine environment at the site(s)

Date: 9/8/2009 8/27/2009 8/27/2009 9/14/2009 9/14/2009 Weather: Sunny Cloudy Cloudy Sunny Cloudy Air Temperature: 78 Deg. F. 68 Deg. F. 67 Deg. F. 78 Deg. F. 70 Deg. F. Water Temperature: 61 Deg. F. 61 Deg. F. 58 Deg. F. 60 Deg. F. 61 Deg. F. Ave. Stream Width: 20 Feet 25 Feet 20 Feet 25 Feet 15 Feet Ave. Stream Depth: 0.3 Feet 0.5 Feet 0.5 Feet 1 Feet 1.5 Feet Surface Velocity: 1 Ft./Sec. 0.5 Ft./Sec. 0.5 Ft./Sec. 0.5 Ft./Sec. 0.2 Ft./Sec. Estimated Flow: 6 CFS 6.25 CFS 5 CFS 12.5 CFS 4.5 CFS Stream Modifications: None Canopy Removal Impounded Relocated Dredged Nuisance Plants (Y/N): NNNN N Report Number:

STORET No.: 340234 340235 340236 410761 410762 Stream Name: Bellamy Creek Sessions Creek Lake Creek Buck Creek Buck Creek Road Crossing/Location: Lincoln Avenue Ainsworth Road McArthur Street Ivanrest Avenue 76th Street County Code: 34 34 34 41 41 TRS: 07N07W14 06N07W11 06N08W14 06N12W16 05N12W13

Latitude (dd): 42.98731 42.92361 42.9112 42.902 42.82639 Longitude (dd): -85.11187 -85.11444 -85.21378 -85.74377 -85.68181 Ecoregion: SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP Stream Type: Coldwater Warmwater Coldwater Coldwater Coldwater

USGS Basin Code: 4050006 4050006 4050006 4050006 4050006

* Applies only to Riffle/Run stream Surveys ** Applies only to Glide/Pool stream Surveys

COMMENTS:

34 Table 3. Habitat evaluation for selected tributaries to the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

STATION 11 STATION 12 STATION 13 STATION 14 Buck Creek Rush Creek Rush Creek Mill Creek Byron Center Avenue Cottonwood Drive 12th Ave 6 Mile Rd GLIDE/POOL RIFFLE/RUN GLIDE/POOL RIFFLE/RUN HABITAT METRIC Substrate and Instream Cover Epifaunal Substrate/ Avail Cover (20) 11 16 3 16 Embeddedness (20)* 15 11 Velocity/Depth Regime (20)* 10 15 Pool Substrate Characterization (20)** 15 8 Pool Variability (20)** 16 5 Channel Morphology Sediment Deposition (20) 6 13 5 9 Flow Status - Maint. Flow Volume (10) 10999 Flow Status - Flashiness (10) 3656 Channel Alteration (20) 15 15 8 15 Frequency of Riffles/Bends (20)* 10 13 Channel Sinuosity (20)** 13 3 Riparian and Bank Structure Bank Stability (L) (10) 6978 Bank Stability (R) (10) 6978 Vegetative Protection (L) (10) 6966 Vegetative Protection (R) (10) 6868 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (L) (10) 9532 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (R) (10) 7234

TOTAL SCORE (200): 129 136 78 130

HABITAT RATING: GOOD GOOD MARGINAL GOOD (SLIGHTLY (SLIGHTLY (MODERATELY (SLIGHTLY IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED)

Note: Individual metrics may better describe conditions directly affecting the biological community while the Habitat Rating describes the general riverine environment at the site(s).

Date: 9/14/2009 9/14/2009 9/14/2009 8/27/2009 Weather: Sunny Partly Cloudy Sunny Sunny Air Temperature: 75 Deg. F. 80 Deg. F. 82 Deg. F. 75 Deg. F. Water Temperature: 60 Deg. F. 63 Deg. F. 63 Deg. F. 61 Deg. F. Ave. Stream Width: 25 Feet 30 Feet 20 Feet 12 Feet Ave. Stream Depth: 1 Feet 0.5 Feet 0.75 Feet 2 Feet Surface Velocity: 0.5 Ft./Sec. 1 Ft./Sec. 0.2 Ft./Sec. 1 Ft./Sec. Estimated Flow: 12.5 CFS 15 CFS 3 CFS 24 CFS Stream Modifications: None Canopy Removal Dredged None Nuisance Plants (Y/N): NNNN Report Number:

STORET No.: 410763 700632 700580 410611 Stream Name: Buck Creek Rush Creek Rush Creek Mill Creek Byron Center Road Crossing/Location: Avenue Cottonwood Drive 12th Ave 6 Mile Rd County Code: 41 70 70 41 TRS: 06N13W21 06N13W13 05N13W23 07N12W24

Latitude (dd): 42.8905 42.90013 42.891927 43.05824 Longitude (dd): -85.72433 -85.7882 -85.812033 -85.67205 Ecoregion: SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP Stream Type: Coldwater Warmwater Warmwater Coldwater

USGS Basin Code: 4050006 4050006 4050006 4050006

* Applies only to Riffle/Run stream Surveys ** Applies only to Glide/Pool stream Surveys

COMMENTS:

35 Table 3. Habitat evaluation for selected tributaries to the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009

STATION 15 STATION 16 STATION 17 STATION 18 Indian Mill Creek Indian Mill Creek Ottawa Creek Sand Creek North of Richmond Park 3 Mile Rd Downstream 48th State Street RIFFLE/RUN RIFFLE/RUN RIFFLE/RUN GLIDE/POOL HABITAT METRIC Substrate and Instream Cover Epifaunal Substrate/ Avail Cover (20) 15 16 6 8 Embeddedness (20)* 15 18 16 Velocity/Depth Regime (20)* 16 11 10 Pool Substrate Characterization (20)** 6 Pool Variability (20)** 6 Channel Morphology Sediment Deposition (20) 13 18 5 5 Flow Status - Maint. Flow Volume (10) 9948 Flow Status - Flashiness (10) 3513 Channel Alteration (20) 11 15 5 11 Frequency of Riffles/Bends (20)* 81515 Channel Sinuosity (20)** 8 Riparian and Bank Structure Bank Stability (L) (10) 7628 Bank Stability (R) (10) 7528 Vegetative Protection (L) (10) 71076 Vegetative Protection (R) (10) 71076 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (L) (10) 2572 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (R) (10) 2374

TOTAL SCORE (200): 122 146 94 89

HABITAT RATING: GOOD GOOD MARGINAL MARGINAL (SLIGHTLY (SLIGHTLY (MODERATELY (MODERATELY IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED)

Note: Individual metrics may better describe conditions directly affecting the biological community while the Habitat Ratin describes the general riverine environment at the site(s)

Date: 9/1/2009 9/1/2009 9/16/2009 8/25/2009 Weather: Sunny Sunny Partly Cloudy Partly Cloudy Air Temperature: 70 Deg. F. 75 Deg. F. 70 Deg. F. 80 Deg. F. Water Temperature: 54 Deg. F. 57 Deg. F. 63 Deg. F. 62 Deg. F. Ave. Stream Width: 20 Feet 15 Feet 10 Feet 15 Feet Ave. Stream Depth: 1 Feet 0.6 Feet 0.25 Feet 1 Feet Surface Velocity: 0.5 Ft./Sec. 1 Ft./Sec. 0.5 Ft./Sec. 0.2 Ft./Sec. Estimated Flow: 10 CFS 9 CFS 1.25 CFS 3 CFS Stream Modifications: Dredged None None Dredged Nuisance Plants (Y/N): NNNN Report Number:

STORET No.: 410674 410581 700621 700633 Stream Name: Indian Mill Creek Indian Mill Creek Ottawa Creek Sand Creek North of Richmond Road Crossing/Location: Park 3 Mile Rd Downstream 48th State Street County Code: 41 41 70 70 TRS: 07N11W14 07N12W04 07N13W19 08N13W34

Latitude (dd): 42.99855 43.01553 42.97432 43.03562 Longitude (dd): -85.69603 -85.3376 -85.90343 -85.82886 Ecoregion: SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP Stream Type: Coldwater Coldwater Warmwater Coldwater

USGS Basin Code: 4050006 4050006 4050006 4050006

* Applies only to Riffle/Run stream Surveys ** Applies only to Glide/Pool stream Surveys

COMMENTS:

36 Table 3. Habitat evaluation for selected tributaries to the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009

STATION 19 STATION 20 STATION 21 STATION 22 STATION 23 Deer Creek Crockery Creek Crockery Creek Crockery Creek Crockery Creek Mill Rd Schram Rd Ensley Rd Patterson Road Trent Road GLIDE/POOL GLIDE/POOL GLIDE/POOL GLIDE/POOL GLIDE/POOL HABITAT METRIC Substrate and Instream Cover Epifaunal Substrate/ Avail Cover (20) 610565 Embeddedness (20)* Velocity/Depth Regime (20)* Pool Substrate Characterization (20)** 681166 Pool Variability (20)** 610116 6 Channel Morphology Sediment Deposition (20) 3655 1 Flow Status - Maint. Flow Volume (10) 7 8 10 8 10 Flow Status - Flashiness (10) 3232 5 Channel Alteration (20) 13 15 11 16 13 Frequency of Riffles/Bends (20)* Channel Sinuosity (20)** 14 15 10 13 6 Riparian and Bank Structure Bank Stability (L) (10) 7232 3 Bank Stability (R) (10) 7232 3 Vegetative Protection (L) (10) 9988 7 Vegetative Protection (R) (10) 9998 7 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (L) (10) 6968 4 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (R) (10) 899108

TOTAL SCORE (200): 104 114 104 100 84

HABITAT RATING: MARGINAL GOOD MARGINAL MARGINAL MARGINAL (MODERATELY (SLIGHTLY (MODERATELY (MODERATELY (MODERATELY IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED)

Note: Individual metrics may better describe conditions directly affecting the biological community while the Habitat Ratin describes the general riverine environment at the site(s)

Date: 8/26/2009 8/26/2009 8/24/2009 8/25/2009 8/26/2009 Weather: Cloudy Partly Cloudy Sunny Sunny Partly Cloudy Air Temperature: 80 Deg. F. 65 Deg. F. 78 Deg. F. Deg. F. Deg. F. Water Temperature: 62 Deg. F. 62 Deg. F. 61 Deg. F. 60 Deg. F. 63 Deg. F. Ave. Stream Width: 20 Feet 40 Feet 50 Feet 35 Feet 25 Feet Ave. Stream Depth: 1 Feet 1 Feet 2.5 Feet 1 Feet 2 Feet Surface Velocity: 0.2 Ft./Sec. 0.5 Ft./Sec. 0.3 Ft./Sec. 1 Ft./Sec. 0.4 Ft./Sec. Estimated Flow: 4 CFS 20 CFS 37.5 CFS 35 CFS 20 CFS Stream Modifications: None None Dredged None Dredged Nuisance Plants (Y/N): NNNN N Report Number:

STORET No.: 700550 610508 610477 610507 610769 Stream Name: Deer Creek Crockery Creek Crockery Creek Crockery Creek Crockery Creek Road Crossing/Location: Mill Rd Schram Rd Ensley Rd Patterson Road Treat Road County Code: 70 61 61 61 61 TRS: 07N13W01 09N14W14 09N15W36 09N14W27 10N13W17

Latitude (dd): 43.02877 43.1759 43.12028 43.14409 43.26385 Longitude (dd): -85.92178 -85.9476 -86.02711 -85.96649 -85.87947 Ecoregion: SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP Stream Type: Warmwater Warmwater Warmwater Coldwater Coldwater

USGS Basin Code: 4050006 4050006 4050006 4050006 4050006

* Applies only to Riffle/Run stream Surveys ** Applies only to Glide/Pool stream Surveys

COMMENTS:

37 Table 3. Habitat evaluation for selected tributaries to the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

STATION 24 STATION 25 STATION 26 STATION 27 STATION 28 North Branch Crockery Creek North Branch Crockery Creek North Branch Crockery Creek Rio Grande Creek Rio Grand Creek 24th Avenue 36th Avenue Kenowa Avenue Blackmer Rd Ravenna Road GLIDE/POOL RIFFLE/RUN RIFFLE/RUN RIFFLE/RUN RIFFLE/RUN

HABITAT METRIC Substrate and Instream Cover Epifaunal Substrate/ Avail Cover (20) 11 13 11 10 10 Embeddedness (20)* 19 10 6 10 Velocity/Depth Regime (20)* 13 15 8 5 Pool Substrate Characterization (20)** 10 Pool Variability (20)** 8 Channel Morphology Sediment Deposition (20) 8 13 5 13 5 Flow Status - Maint. Flow Volume (10) 10 7 9 4 9 Flow Status - Flashiness (10) 5 5 1 2 2 Channel Alteration (20) 8 15 11 13 5 Frequency of Riffles/Bends (20)* 16 10 11 3 Channel Sinuosity (20)** 6 Riparian and Bank Structure Bank Stability (L) (10) 8 6 2 8 2 Bank Stability (R) (10) 8 6 2 8 2 Vegetative Protection (L) (10) 8 10 7 9 9 Vegetative Protection (R) (10) 8 10 7 9 9 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (L) (10) 3 10 9 5 3 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (R) (10) 5 10 9 5 5

TOTAL SCORE (200): 106 153 108 111 79

HABITAT RATING: GOOD GOOD GOOD GOOD MARGINAL (SLIGHTLY (SLIGHTLY (SLIGHTLY (SLIGHTLY (MODERATELY IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED)

Note: Individual metrics may better describe conditions directly affecting the biological community while the Habitat Rating describes the general riverine environment at the site(s).

Date: 8/26/2009 8/26/2009 8/26/2009 8/26/2009 8/26/2009 Weather: Sunny Sunny Cloudy Sunny Sunny Air Temperature: 75 Deg. F. 65 Deg. F. 65 Deg. F. Deg. F. 75 Deg. F. Water Temperature: 63 Deg. F. 63 Deg. F. 63 Deg. F. 61 Deg. F. 66 Deg. F. Ave. Stream Width: 15 Feet 25 Feet 12 Feet 15 Feet 12 Feet Ave. Stream Depth: 1.5 Feet 1 Feet 1 Feet 0.5 Feet 0.75 Feet Surface Velocity: 0.3 Ft./Sec. 0.5 Ft./Sec. 0.5 Ft./Sec. 0.5 Ft./Sec. 0.25 Ft./Sec. Estimated Flow: 6.75 CFS 12.5 CFS 6 CFS 3.75 CFS 2.25 CFS Stream Modifications: Dredged None Canopy Removal None Dredged Nuisance Plants (Y/N): N N N N N Report Number:

STORET No.: 700634 700635 610770 610476 610771 North Branch North Branch Rio Grande Rio Grand Stream Name: North Branch Crockery Creek Crockery Creek Crockery Creek Creek Creek Kenowa Road Crossing/Location: 24th Avenue 36th Avenue Avenue Blackmer Rd Ravenna Road County Code: 70 70 61 61 61 TRS: 09N13W03 09N13W05 10N13W36 09N14W26 08N12W06

Latitude (dd): 43.19776 43.19407 43.21016 43.1464 43.14358 Longitude (dd): -85.84983 -85.87922 -85.79058 -85.94741 -85.92754 Ecoregion: SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP Stream Type: Coldwater Coldwater Coldwater Warmwater Warmwater

USGS Basin Code: 4050006 4050006 4050006 4050006 4050006

* Applies only to Riffle/Run stream Surveys ** Applies only to Glide/Pool stream Surveys

COMMENTS:

38 Table 3. Habitat evaluation for selected tributaries to the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009.

STATION 29 STATION 30 STATION 32 STATION 33 STATION 34 Rio Grand Creek Sanford Drain Bass Creek Bass Creek Black Creek 32nd Avenue Portaluna Road Pierce Street Winans Street Cleveland Street GLIDE/POOL GLIDE/POOL GLIDE/POOL GLIDE/POOL GLIDE/POOL

HABITAT METRIC Substrate and Instream Cover Epifaunal Substrate/ Avail Cover (20) 6 5 5 10 6 Embeddedness (20)* Velocity/Depth Regime (20)* Pool Substrate Characterization (20)** 6 6 6 10 11 Pool Variability (20)** 3 3 5 6 5 Channel Morphology Sediment Deposition (20) 5 3 5 5 5 Flow Status - Maint. Flow Volume (10) 9 7 9 10 9 Flow Status - Flashiness (10) 1 7 3 5 8 Channel Alteration (20) 6 2 11 16 10 Frequency of Riffles/Bends (20)* Channel Sinuosity (20)** 3 3 10 13 5 Riparian and Bank Structure Bank Stability (L) (10) 1 5 9 10 8 Bank Stability (R) (10) 1 5 9 10 8 Vegetative Protection (L) (10) 5 7 6 9 9 Vegetative Protection (R) (10) 5 7 6 9 8 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (L) (10) 1 9 5 10 8 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (R) (10) 1 2 3 6 8

TOTAL SCORE (200): 53 71 92 129 108

HABITAT RATING: POOR MARGINAL MARGINAL GOOD GOOD (SEVERELY (MODERATELY (MODERATELY (SLIGHTLY (SLIGHTLY IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED) IMPAIRED)

Note: Individual metrics may better describe conditions directly affecting the biological community while the Habitat Rating describes the general riverine environment at the site(s).

Date: 8/26/2009 9/11/2009 8/24/2009 8/24/2009 8/24/2009 Weather: Sunny Sunny Sunny Air Temperature: Deg. F. 74 Deg. F. 70 Deg. F. 70 Deg. F. 65 Deg. F. Water Temperature: 61 Deg. F. 62 Deg. F. 63 Deg. F. 63 Deg. F. 57 Deg. F. Ave. Stream Width: 7 Feet 5 Feet 18 Feet 20 Feet 12 Feet Ave. Stream Depth: 0.5 Feet 0.4 Feet 1.5 Feet 1 Feet 1.5 Feet Surface Velocity: 0.5 Ft./Sec. 0.2 Ft./Sec. 0.5 Ft./Sec. 0.25 Ft./Sec. 0.2 Ft./Sec. Estimated Flow: 1.75 CFS 0.4 CFS 13.5 CFS 5 CFS 3.6 CFS Stream Modifications: Dredged Dredged Dredged None Dredged Nuisance Plants (Y/N): N N N N N Report Number:

STORET No.: 700606 610772 700636 700637 700548 Stream Name: Rio Grand Creek Sanford Drain Bass Creek Bass Creek Black Creek Road Crossing/Location: 32nd Avenue Portaluna Road Pierce Street Winans Street Cleveland Street County Code: 70 61 70 70 70 TRS: 09N13W21 09N15W26 07N15W36 07N15W25 08N15W20

Latitude (dd): 43.15285 43.13264 42.95736 42.96458 43.07412 Longitude (dd): -85.8693 -86.05029 -86.02478 -86.03008 -86.10714 Ecoregion: SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP SMNITP Stream Type: Warmwater Warmwater Warmwater Warmwater Warmwater

USGS Basin Code: 4050006 4050006 4050006 4050006 4050006

* Applies only to Riffle/Run stream Surveys ** Applies only to Glide/Pool stream Surveys

COMMENTS:

39 Table 3. Habitat evaluation for selected tributaries to the Lower Grand River; August-September, 2009

STATION 35 Norris Creek 144th Avenue GLIDE/POOL

HABITAT METRIC Substrate and Instream Cover Epifaunal Substrate/ Avail Cover (20) 6 Embeddedness (20)* Velocity/Depth Regime (20)* Pool Substrate Characterization (20)** 6 Pool Variability (20)** 16 Channel Morphology Sediment Deposition (20) 18 Flow Status - Maint. Flow Volume (10) 9 Flow Status - Flashiness (10) 5 Channel Alteration (20) 16 Frequency of Riffles/Bends (20)* Channel Sinuosity (20)** 20 Riparian and Bank Structure Bank Stability (L) (10) 5 Bank Stability (R) (10) 10 Vegetative Protection (L) (10) 10 Vegetative Protection (R) (10) 5 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (L) (10) 10 Riparian Veg. Zone Width (R) (10) 7

TOTAL SCORE (200): 143

HABITAT RATING: GOOD (SLIGHTLY IMPAIRED)

Note: Individual metrics may better describe conditions directly affecting the biological community while the Habitat Ratin describes the general riverine environment at the site(s)

Date: 9/16/2009 Weather: Sunny Air Temperature: 68 Deg. F. Water Temperature: 62 Deg. F. Ave. Stream Width: 17 Feet Ave. Stream Depth: 3 Feet Surface Velocity: 0.1 Ft./Sec. Estimated Flow: 5.1 CFS Stream Modifications: None Nuisance Plants (Y/N): N Report Number:

STORET No.: 610773 Stream Name: Norris Creek Road Crossing/Location: 144th Avenue County Code: 61 TRS: 09N15W31

Latitude (dd): 43.1267 Longitude (dd): -86.14369 Ecoregion: SMNITP Stream Type: Coldwater

USGS Basin Code: 4050006

* Applies only to Riffle/Run stream Surveys ** Applies only to Glide/Pool stream Surveys

COMMENTS:

40

Table 4A. Qualitative fish sampling results for Indian Mill Creek, Grand Rapids, MI; September 11, 2009.

Indian Mill Creek Indian Mill Creek North of Richmond Park 3 Mile Rd 9/11/2009 9/11/2009 TAXA STATION 1 STATION 2

Salmonidae (trouts) Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout) 93 Salmo trutta (Brown trout) 12 Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) Cam postoma anomalum (Central stoneroll er) 8 Semotilus atromaculatus (Creek chub) 22 Rhinichthys atratulus (Blacknose dace) 165 Catostomidae (suckers) Catostomus commersoni (White sucker) 16 7 Gasterosteidae (sticklebacks) Culaea inconstans (Brook stickleback) 1 Centrarchidae (sunfi sh) Lepomis cyanellus (Green sunfish) 4 Percidae (perch) Etheostoma nigrum (Johnny darter) 4 13 Lotidae (codfishes) Lota lota (Burbot) 1

TOTAL INDIVIDUALS 36 121

Number of hybrid sunfish 0 0 Number of anomalies 0 0 Percent anomalies 0.000 0.000 Percent salmonids 27.778 4.132 Reach sampled (ft) Area sampled (sq ft) Density (# fish/sq ft) Gear

Table 4B. Fish metric evaluation of Indian Mill Creek, Grand Rapids, MI; September 11, 2009.

Indian Mill Creek Indian Mill Creek Nort h of Richmond Park 3 Mile Rd 9/11/2009 9/1/ 2009 STATION 1 STATION 2 METRIC Value Score Value Score

TOTAL NUMBER OF TAXA 7 n/a 8 n/a NO. OF DARTER, SCULPIN, MADTOM TAXA 1 n/a 1 n/a NUMBER OF SUNFISH TAXA 1 n/a 0 n/a NUMBER OF SUCKER TAXA 1 n/a 1 n/a NUMBER OF INTOLERANT TAXA 3 n/a 2 n/a PERCENT TOLERANT 69.44 n/a 88.43 n/a PERCENT OMNIVOROUS TAXA 47.22 n/a 77.69 n/a PERCENT INSECTIVOROUS TAXA 22.22 n/a 11.57 n/a PERCENT PISCIVOROUS TAXA 2.78 n/a 0.00 n/a % SIMPLE LITHOPHILIC SPAWNER TAXA 50.00 n/a 59.50 n/a

TOTAL SCORE Not scored Not scored

FISH COMMUNITY RATING Not41 attaining Attaining

Comments: Comments:

Table 5. Water chemistry results for stations sampled during the 2008 survey of the Thornapple Watershed. ND- Not detectable STATION 2 STATION 15 STATION 2 STATION 13 STATION 14 STATION 15 STATION 16STATION 19 STATION 21 STATION 31 (DUP) (DUP)

Prairie Creek at Prairie Creek at Indian Mill Cr. at Indian Mill Cr. at Indian Mill Cr. At Crockery Cr. at Lawrence Dr. at Rush Cr. At 12th Mill Cr. at 6-Mile Deer Cr. at Mill Main St. Main St. Richmond Park Richmond Park 3-Mile Ensley Rd. Sternberg.

9/9/20099/9/2009 9/13/2009 08/26/2009 9/1/2009 9/1/2009 9/ 1/2009 08/25/2009 8/24/2009 8/24/2009

Ammonia mg N/L .012 .011 .032 .013 .021 .019 .014 .035 .033 .085

Arsenic - Total µg/L ND ND ND ND

Barium - Total µg/L 56 88 75 54

Cadmium - Total µg/L ND ND ND ND

Calcium - Total mg/L 84.2 92.2 87.4 72.2 106 103 89.3 70.8 64.4

Chromium - Total µg/L ND ND ND ND

COD mg/L 7.0 8.1 10 7.6 ND ND 6.7 16 13 28

Copper - Total µg/L ND ND ND ND

Hardness - Calculate mg/L 317 337 330 294 395 389 349 286 262

Lead - Total µ g/L ND ND ND ND

Magnesium - Total mg/L 25.8 25.8 27.0 27.5 31.5 31.9 30.6 26.5 24.6

Mercury - Total µg/L ND ND ND

Nitrate + Nitrite mg N/L 1.86 1.92 1.03 1.06 1.92 1.91 2.41.88 1.53 .80

Selenium - Total µg/L ND ND ND ND

Silver -Total µg/L ND ND ND ND

TOC mg/L 3.3 3.3 4.3 3.3 2.2 2.2 3.26.8 5.6 12

Total Kjeldahl mg N/L .27 .27 .54 .26 .21 .21 .29.63 .44 .86 Nitrogen

Total Phosphorus mg P/L .032 .032 .036 .041 .030 .030 .049.169 .092 .042

ND ND ND ND ND Zinc - Total µ g/L

42

Table 6. Sediment chemistry results from Station 15 and 16 on Indian Mill Creek, collected on September 1, 2009. Station 15 Station 15 Station 16 Indian Mill at Richmond Park Indian Mill at Richmond Park Indian Mill 3-mile Rd (dup) % Total Solids % 53.4 67.9 65.5 Arsenic mg/Kg dry 3.2 2.2 2.0 Barium mg/Kg dry 36 25 26 Cadmium mg/Kg dry ND ND ND Chromium mg/Kg dry 7.6 5.3 4.0 Copper mg/Kg dry 7.9 5.1 4.4 Cyanide - Available mg/Kg ND ND ND Lead mg/Kg dry 19 15 6.9 Mercury mg/Kg dry ND ND ND Nitrogen mg/Kg dry 1800 930 1100 Phosphorus - Total - mg/Kg dry 510 340 300 Selenium mg/Kg dry 0.76 0.65 0.43 Silver mg/Kg dry ND ND ND TOC mg/Kg 24000 12000 10000 Zinc - Sediment mg/Kg dry 48 35 30

43

Table 7. Detailed location information for all survey stations, including; latitude and longitude (WGS 1983), assessment unit ID, and storet ID.

44