Indiana's Geography

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Ready, Set, Teach! For quick hints on how to teach this chapter, log on to Chapter 1 Indiana’s Geography myWorldSocialStudies.com.

Big Question: Target Reading Skill: Chapter How does geography affect Main Idea and Details Objectives the way we live? Begin With the Students will demonstrate the following enduring understandings: End in Mind • Indiana has many varied landforms and • Indiana’s physical features have affected water features. where people settled and what economic • Indiana is divided into three regions, activities take place. each of which has different geographical • Indiana’s geographic features help to make features and natural resources. it a crossroads for both national and international trade.

Student Worktext Digital Presentation Connect • Big Question • myStory Spark Make Learning • myStory Spark • myStory Video • myStory Meaningful

Student Worktext 21st Century Learning Experience • Lessons 1–3 Online Tutor Teach Knowledge • Got It? Formative Assessments • Main Idea and Details • myStory Ideas • Use Latitude and Longitude and Skills • Target Reading Skill: Main Idea and Details • 21C Skill Lesson: Use Latitude and Longitude

myWorld Leveled Readers

Student Worktext Digital Presentation Understand • Review and Assessment • myWorld Activity Assess • myStory Book • myStory Book Understanding myWorld Activity myStory Book Online • Geography: Mapping People and Students write, illustrate, and publish a digital the Environment book.

Chapter Assessment Chapter Assessment • Chapter Test, Forms A and B Administer online tests.

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Objectives • Establish meaning. Target Reading Skill • Make meaningful connections to Objective: personal experiences. • Identify main ideas and • Utilize prior knowledge to gain details. understanding. ELL Objective: • Use different strategies to explore new vocabulary.

PRESENTATION Use the Big Question Activity to introduce the chapter’s main idea. 30 minutes Chapter 1 myStory Spark 1 myStory Video Introduction Introduce this chapter using the Worktext.

Use the Big Question Activity to introduce the chapter’s main idea. 45 minutes • What are some different kinds of physical features? 2 WORKTEXT • How do different kinds of physical features affect the way Active Reading people live? myStory Spark • What landforms and bodies of water are near your community? • How does the geography of your community affect the way people live? myStory Video • How can a region’s natural resources, such as rich soil and water, affect the people who live there? Hand out Target Reading Skill worksheets. Not enough time Hand out Words to Know worksheets. for social studies? Teach these steps during your reading block or as Use these Leveled Readers as you work through the chapter. LEVELED center activities. READER • Below Level: Land and Water: How Geography Affects Our 3 Communities • On Level: Using Natural Resources • Above Level: Landforms and Waterways

ESS15_TE04_IN_C01_OP.indd 2 31/01/15 2:33 AM WORKTEXT Active Reading page 1

Lesson 1 Land and Water Indiana’s Geography Lesson 2 Regions and Resources Lesson 3 Indiana Connections Chapter 1

How does geography affect the way we live? T.C. Steele Describe how the land or outdoor weather in Indiana affects your daily Landscape Painter (1847–1926) activities. Possible answer: I live near Lake Michigan. In the Indiana’s rolling hills, peaceful forests, and bright autumn colors inspired many, but especially an artist winter, I wear a snowsuit and boots when the snow is named Theodore Clement (T.C.) Steele. Born in the deep. In the summer, my favorite activity is to take a Indiana countryside in 1847, Steele learned to paint from a young age. By 13, he taught fellow students how to boat ride on the lake. draw at a college prep school. [PHOTO: Image of Steele studied how to make portraits, or pictures of Theodore Clement people. He made his living painting portraits. But his Steele] true love was painting Indiana’s landscapes, or scenes from nature. These paintings made him one of the most famous artists in the state. In the early 1900s, Steele and his second wife settled in Brown County. This is a beautiful region south of Indianapolis. They built a house on the top of a hill and T.C. Steele was one of named it “The House of the Singing Winds.” He was the first the most famous artists in the state. major artist to settle there. Today, visitors can tour Steele’s Indiana’s land has inspired house and gardens and view the land that inspired him. artists such as T.C. Steele, who The natural beauty of the landscape soon attracted painted landscapes of the other artists. This group of artists became known as the countryside like this one. Hoosier Group of American regional impressionist painters. Their art became one of Indiana’s greatest contributions to American art history.

Think About It What does T.C. Steele’s story tell you about the landscape of Indiana? As you read this chapter, think about how the geography of a place affects the people who live there.

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The Big Question T.C. Steele

• Analyze Images How do you think physical features, such as the • Make Comparisons How did the way T.C. Steele made his living forest and field shown in the picture, might affect the activities at first differ from what he really loved to do? He at first made of people who live nearby? Possible answer: The people who his living painting portraits, but his true love was painting live nearby might have jobs in farming. They might use the Indiana’s landscapes. forests for hiking or camping. • Draw Inferences How did the geography of Indiana affect the life of T.C. Steele? Possible answer: He moved to Brown County and built a house there so he could paint the beautiful landscape.

myStory Spark • Formulate Questions What question might you have for T.C. • What kinds of activities can you do because of the geography of Steele about his life or about Indiana? Possible answer: Why where you live? Which activities are you unable to do because of did you name your house in Brown County the “House of the geography of where you live? Answers will vary. the Singing Winds”?

ESS15_TE04_IN_C01_OP.indd 3 31/01/15 2:33 AM Chapter 1 Lesson 1 Land and Water Lesson Plan Summary

IN Indiana Indiana Academic Standards Target Reading Skill 4.3.3 Locate Indiana on a map, and 4.3.6 Describe Indiana’s landforms Objective: identify the location of the state (lithosphere), water features • Identify main idea and capital, major cities, and rivers. (hydrosphere), and plants and animals details. 4.3.5 Explain how glaciers shaped (biosphere). Indiana’s landscape and environment. ELL Objective: • Use new vocabulary to talk about landforms and geographic features of Indiana.

myWorld and me 15 minutes Remind students of the discussion they had about the Big Question 1 WORKTEXT for this chapter: How does geography affect the way we live? Not enough time Envision It! • How does geography affect life in your community? for social studies? Review the instructions for the Envision It! with students, and have Teach this step during them complete the activity. your reading block or Preview the Key Idea and Vocabulary with students. as a center activity. • What landforms are in the region where you live?

Model active reading by asking the questions and using the teaching strategies indicated below this lesson’s worktext pages. 45 minutes 2 WORKTEXT Active Reading

Ask students to complete the Got It? activity at the end of the lesson to evaluate their understanding of the key objectives in this lesson. 10 minutes 3 WORKTEXT Got It?

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Lesson 1 Students should draw a I will know Indiana’s Hill location, that glaciers shaped landform or body of water the land, and the unique Land landforms and water features in near where they live, such the state. and as a river. Water Vocabulary Lake Possible answer: River glacier hydrologic cycle landform evaporation Indiana includes many varied landforms, or natural Label the landform and body of water on the left. In the lithosphere precipitation features, and bodies of water. box above, draw a picture of a landform or body of hydrosphere biosphere water where you live, and write its name on the line. IN Indiana Academic Standards Indiana is one of the 50 states that make up the United States. Indiana’s Landscape 4.3.3 Locate Indiana on a map, The state is known for its beautiful and varied landscapes. These Long ago, ice and snow covered many parts of North and identify the location of the state capital, major cities, and rivers. include flat plains, grassy hills, sandy beaches, winding rivers, America, including Indiana. This period of time is called 4.3.5 Explain how glaciers shaped and large caves. the Ice Age. During the Ice Age, glaciers moved from north Indiana’s landscape and environment. 4.3.6 Describe Indiana’s landforms to south. A glacier is a huge mass of ice that moves slowly (lithosphere), water features Indiana’s Location across the land. (hydrosphere), and plants and animals Indiana (biosphere). Indiana is located on the continent of North America. These glaciers helped shape the landscape and Lake It is near the center of the United States and is part of Michigan MI environment of Indiana. For nearly 400,000 years, glaciers the Midwest region. Several states border Indiana. To the South Bend covered the northern two thirds of Indiana. As the glaciers Gary west is Illinois. Kentucky is to the south. Ohio forms moved and melted, they changed the natural features of the eastern border. To the north is Michigan, as well as the land. They flattened land, leaving Fort Wayne Wabash River part of Lake Michigan. The Ohio River runs along the behind rich soil that is good for farming. southern boundary of Indiana. The Wabash River forms They dug large holes that became farmland part of the state’s western border. lakes. In northern Indiana, the melting Lafayette Indiana has cities where many people live and work. Muncie OH glaciers created swamps and marshes. Indiana’s state capital and largest city, Indianapolis, is IL In the southern part of the state, the icy businesses Indianapolis located in the center of the state. The capital is where water helped form caves. the state’s goverment is located. Other cities, such Terre Haute as Gary, are located in northern Indiana near Lake 2. Flat land has many uses. It is good for Columbus Bloomington Michigan. Evansville and New Albany are located building homes and businesses. It is Bedford along the Ohio River in the southern part of the state. also good for farms and recreation. Madison N Vincennes This photograph shows different uses W E 1. Label the capital city, the cities of Gary and Evansville, New Albany . of Indiana’s flat landscape. Label R S homes io and the Wabash River on the map. Then describe the h three uses of the land that you see. Evansville O location of the city closest to where you live. KEY 0 50 mi KY State capital Possible answer: Other city South Bend 0 50 km is closest to where I live in the northern part of Indiana. 2 3

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• Analyze Maps What bodies of water form part of the boundary • Demonstrate Reasoned Judgment Name the continent where your of Indiana? the Ohio River, the Wabash River, and Lake classroom is located. How do you know? I know our classroom Michigan is on the continent of North America because it is located in Indiana.

• Analyze Maps Which three cities are located on the Wabash Support English Language Learners River? Lafayette, Terre Haute, and Vincennes • Analyze Maps Which three cities shown on the map are farthest 1. Content and Language from the capital of Indiana? Gary, South Bend, and Evansville Have students read the “I will know” statement on page 3. Explain that a glacier is a large mass of ice that moves slowly across the land. Ask students how they think a glacier might change the shape Indiana’s Landscape of the land. • Recognize Cause and Effect How did the rich, flat farmland of 2. Frontload the Lesson Indiana form? Moving glaciers flattened the land and left Have students preview the lesson by viewing all of the visuals and behind rich soil that is good for farming. captions. Then encourage them to predict what they will learn in the lesson. • Draw Inferences Which part of Indiana would have been affected the least by the glaciers? How do you know? Possible answer: 3. Comprehensible Input The southern third of the state would have been least Ask students to role-play a glacier moving across the land. Tell affected since the glaciers did not move that far south. students to observe what happens when a glacier group (students linking elbows) moves slowly through a land group (students standing in a loose group).

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The sand dunes along the shores of Lake Michigan are one of the most unique landforms in Indiana. Winds off Lake Michigan pile the sand on the shore forming tall dunes. Plants and grasses cover some sand dunes. The winds push and change other sand dunes. Plants cannot grow on these dunes because they move too much. For example, Mount Baldy is a tall dune that is more than 120 feet high. It remains mostly bare. Along with hills of sand, the Lake Michigan area also includes sandy beaches, swamps, grassy hills, and forests.

3. Write four landforms that can be found in Indiana. Possible answers: plains, hills, caves, sand dunes, valleys, forests

Mount Baldy sand dune on Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore

Wyandotte Cave is in Indiana’s Landforms Crawford County in Indiana has many different landforms. A landform is a southern Indiana. This room is called Rothrock natural feature of Earth’s surface, such as a mountain, hill, Cathedral. valley, or even an island. These features are part of the lithosphere. The lithosphere is the soil and rock that form Earth’s surface. Indiana is a varied land. It has flat plains, hills, and valleys. It also has forests and beaches. Most of the land in central and northern Indiana is flat. Many large farms are located there. The highest point in the state is Hoosier Hill near the Ohio border. It has an elevation of 1,257 feet. Elevation is the height of the land above sea level. In the south-central part of the state, the rolling hills of Brown County are a popular tourist attraction. Many large caves are also found in southern Indiana. Wyandotte Cave is about 30 miles west of New Albany. In one of its huge underground rooms, a rock pile called Monument Mountain stands 175 feet tall.

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ESS14_SE04_IN_C01_L01.indd 4 16/01/15 12:24 AMESS14_SE04_IN_C01_L01.indd 5 16/01/15 12:24 AM Indiana’s Landforms Differentiated Instruction • Main Idea and Details What is the relationship between Use the following questions to differentiate instruction for students a landform and the lithosphere? The lithosphere is the soil when discussing Indiana’s landforms. and rock that form Earth’s surface. A landform is a natural feature that is part of the lithosphere. L1 Special Needs: Pair students with visual problems with helper students. Have the helper students read the text and describe the • Synthesize Information Why is most of the land in central and images. The vision-impaired student should ask questions to clarify northern Indiana flat? Glaciers moved across the northern information. two thirds of Indiana for nearly 400,000 years. L2 Extra Support: Provide students with pictures of people • Demonstrate Reasoned Judgment Could a room in Wyandotte exploring caves, farming, hiking in the hills, and climbing the Cave be more than 175 feet high? Why or why not? Yes, Indiana Dunes. Ask them to locate on the map on page 2 where because a rock pile in one of the rooms stands 175 feet tall, these pictures might have been taken. so the room must be at least that high. L3 On-level: Assign pairs of students an Indiana landform, such • Predict Consequences What would happen to the number of as farmland, Hoosier Hill, Wyandotte Cave, and the Indiana Dunes. plants and grasses on the sand dunes if the winds off Lake Ask each pair to make a poster showing how people use the Michigan weren’t as strong? Why? There would be more feature’s natural resources. plants and grasses because the sand would not move as much. L4 Challenge: Ask pairs of students to research the landforms in their region and write a paragraph describing how the landforms affect the way people in their region live.

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Indiana’s water features are part of the hydrosphere. The hydrosphere is all the water on Earth’s surface. It includes lakes, rivers, and streams. Indiana’s water is also part of the hydrologic cycle, or the cycle that describes the movement of water on, in, and above Earth. The water on Earth is always moving and changing forms, from rain to ice to vapor, or gas. In the hydrologic cycle, the sun heats water in the oceans. Through evaporation, some of the water becomes vapor. Evaporation is the change of a liquid to a vapor. The vapor rises into Earth’s atmosphere and turns into clouds. This process is called condensation. Then, water drops form in the clouds and fall to Earth as precipitation. Precipitation is the amount of moisture that falls as rain or snow. Most precipitation on land flows into streams and rivers and ends up back in the oceans, where the process begins again. The Wabash River is often Water Features and the Hydrologic Cycle muddy and slow-moving. Indiana’s water features include lakes and rivers. Glaciers 4. Label Evaporation and Precipitation on the diagram. carved hundreds of lakes into the northern region of Trace the arrows showing the sequence of the steps. Indiana. The state’s largest natural lake is Lake Wawasee. It has 25 miles of shoreline. The 43 miles of shoreline on Lake Michigan form part of The Hydrologic Cycle Indiana’s northern border. Lake Michigan links Indiana to Canada and to the Atlantic Ocean. Indiana also has several reservoirs created by dams. A reservoir is a lake where water is stored. Monroe Lake is the Condensation Cloud largest human-made lake in the state. It is also the largest Water vapor cools body of water in Indiana. and forms drops Most of Indiana’s rivers flow into the Ohio River, which flows into the Mississippi River. Businesses in the state use Precipitation rivers to ship products to other places. The Mississippi River rain or snow falls flows into the Gulf of Mexico. From there, products can be shipped all over the world. The Wabash River is the longest river in the state. Because it drains Indiana’s farmland, Evaporation it is often muddy and slow-moving. The Ohio River is the Water changes to water vapor state’s second longest river. It runs along the state’s southern Lake boundary for about 350 miles.

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Water Features and the Hydrologic Cycle • Make Comparisons How does the hydrosphere differ from the lithosphere? The hydrosphere includes all the water on • Make Comparisons How do Lake Wawasee and Monroe Lake Earth’s surface. The lithosphere is all the land on Earth’s differ? Lake Wawasee is a natural lake, and Monroe Lake is surface. a human-made reservoir. • Demonstrate Reasoned Judgment Based on the hydrologic cycle, • Draw Inferences What is one reason for building a dam on a does the amount of water in the hydrosphere change? Why or river? to store water why not? No, it changes form as it goes through the cycle, • How might the Wabash and Ohio rivers affect where but the total amount stays the same. manufacturing businesses choose to locate? The rivers connect • Analyze Images How might water from the lake become snow to lakes and other rivers that lead north to Canada or on top of the mountains? The water in the lake evaporates. south to the Gulf of Mexico, so the businesses can ship As it rises, it cools and forms clouds. As the clouds move their products anywhere in the world. over the mountains, snow falls from the clouds.

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Plants and Animals in Indiana Years ago, other large mammals, such Indiana’s biosphere is as varied as its landforms and 5. Compare and as black bears and elk, lived in Indiana. water features. The biosphere is all of the plants and Contrast Look at the But they slowly disappeared. People animals living on Earth’s surface. Wildflowers, such plant life in the pictures hunted these animals. In addition, when as goldenrod, violets, and clover, bloom in spring and on this page and the next people cleared land for farming and summer throughout the state. Wild apples, persimmons, page. Write one way in housing, they destroyed the places where and cherries can also be found throughout Indiana. which they are similar and the animals lived. Many less common plants can be found in the Indiana one way in which they are Now other animals could disappear Dunes region. More than 1,100 kinds of plants and ferns different. from the state, such as sandhill cranes and Indiana bats. People work to protect grow there. These include prickly pear cactus, orchids, and Possible prairie grasses. Still more types of plants, such as bluestem these and other animals from dying out. grasses, are found in Indiana’s small prairie region. answer: Similar: Hoosiers have helped set aside more than In the early 1800s, more than 80 percent of Indiana 22,000 acres of land in nature preserves was covered with forests. Over time, farmers cut down colors; Different: across the state. trees to make room for fields. Towns and cities grew. By trees in one and 1917, only 7 percent of the state was forested. In the past Indiana grassland 100 years, reforestation, or replanting trees, has led to grass in the other 20 percent of the state being forested today, however. About half of this forested land is located in state parks and forests, including Hoosier National Forest. This forest in the hills of southern Indiana includes such trees as 6. Main Idea and Details Write one detail that supports the main idea that glaciers black walnut, hickory, oak, maple, and tulip. shaped the landscape of Indiana. Indiana is home to many animals, such as white- Possible answer: Glaciers formed hundreds of lakes in tailed deer, skunks, raccoons, rabbits, and moles. Mice, woodchucks, and squirrels are found throughout the state. the northern region of Indiana. Indiana’s lakes and rivers are filled with catfish, trout, and bass, as well as rare fish like the lake sturgeon. Many water birds make their home in the state’s wetlands. These Hoosier National Forest 7. Describe one way that people or businesses use include the sandhill crane, a type of bird that is in danger Indiana’s waterways. of dying out. Possible answer: Businesses use the rivers to ship products to other places.

Stop! I need help with Discuss content students need help with. Wait! I have a question about Pause to answer students’ questions.

Go! Now I know Help students self-assess their learning.

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Plants and Animals in Indiana • Predict Consequences What might have happened if Indiana had not protected the land in the Hoosier National Forest? Farmers • Recognize Main Idea and Details Name six different plants and might have continued cutting down trees to make room animals that are part of Indiana’s biosphere. Possible answers: for fields until no trees were left. wildflowers (goldenrod, violets, clover), wild apples and • Draw Inferences How does the Jasper-Pulaski Fish and Wildlife cherries, cactus, orchids, prairie grasses, trees (oak, walnut, Area help the sandhill crane? It protects the wetlands where hickory, maple, tulip), deer, skunks, raccoons, rabbits, the cranes make their homes and helps to keep them from moles, mice, woodchucks, squirrels, catfish, trout, bass, dying out. birds (crane)

• Draw Conclusions Why did the amount of forested land in Indiana decrease from 80 percent to 20 percent? Farmers cut down trees to make room for fields. Other trees were cleared for cities and towns.

• Recognize Cause and Effect What are two causes for the disappearance of large mammals in Indiana? People hunted the animals. When they cleared land for farms, they destroyed the places the animals lived.

ESS15_TE04_IN_C01_L01.indd 8 30/01/15 11:48 PM Chapter 1 Lesson 2 Regions and Resources Lesson Plan Summary

IN Indiana Indiana Academic Standards Target Reading Skill 4.3.4 Map and describe the physical 4.3.7 Explain the effect of the Earth/ Objective: regions of Indiana and identify major sun relationship on the climate of • Identify main idea and natural resources and crop regions. Indiana. details.

ELL Objective: • Use new vocabulary to talk about regions and resources of Indiana.

myWorld and me 15 minutes Remind students of the discussion they had about the Big Question 1 WORKTEXT for this chapter: How does geography affect the way we live? Envision It! • How does the region in which you live affect the jobs people do in Not enough time your community? for social studies? Teach this step during Review the instructions for the Envision It! with students, and have your reading block or them complete the activity. as a center activity. Preview the Key Idea and Vocabulary with students. • What are the weather and climate like in your community?

Model active reading by asking the questions and using the teaching strategies indicated below this lesson’s worktext pages. 45 minutes 2 WORKTEXT Active Reading

Ask students to complete the Got It? activity at the end of the lesson to evaluate their understanding of the key objectives in this lesson. 10 minutes 3 WORKTEXT Got It?

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Lesson 2 I will know Indiana’s land regions and their features. Regions Vocabulary and region till Resources natural weather resource climate moraine Each picture shows a region of Indiana. Above is the On the left is the Central Till Plain and on the right is the Northern Lakes and Moraines region. Southern Lowlands. Circle the photograph that is most similar to what the land looks like where you live. IN Indiana Academic Geographers divide Indiana into regions. A region is an The area called the Calumet is located along Lake Standards 4.3.4 Map and describe the physical Natural resources include area that has common features. These features might be Michigan. In the late 1800s, large companies came to this regions of Indiana and identify major water, trees, and soil. natural, based on the land, or cultural, based on language. area. The new industries depended on Lake Michigan for natural resources and crop regions. 4.3.7 Explain the effect of the transportation. They used local resources, such as coal Earth/sun relationship on the climate Indiana’s Three Regions and limestone, to make steel. Oil companies also built of Indiana. Indiana is made up of three different regions. These are factories there. Today, this area is an industrial center with the Northern Lakes and Moraines, the Central Till Plain, cities such as Gary and Hammond. However, there is also and the Southern Lowlands. Each region has its own special farmland in the region. Major crops include soybeans, corn, characteristics. The northern region has several large cities and beef cattle. and many lakes. Rich farmland covers much of the central Factories in Gary, Indiana, region. In the southern region, there are limestone caves 1. List two natural resources found in the Northern Lakes are located on the shores of and rolling hills. and Moraines region. Write which one you think is most Lake Michigan in the Northern Lakes and Moraines region. The landforms and natural resources found in Indiana’s important and why. regions make them unique. A natural resource is Possible answer: something in the environment that people use. For example, water, trees, soil, and minerals are natural resources found water, coal; I think coal in Indiana. is the most important The Northern Lakes and Moraines resource because the The Northern Lakes and Moraines region is mostly flat. A moraine is a mass of dirt and rocks steel industry brought left behind by glaciers. Moraines are among the many jobs to the region. only landforms that break up the flat appearance of this region. From a distance, they look like waves. Hundreds of lakes and ponds are also in this region. The area along the shores of Lake Michigan is home to the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore and Indiana Dunes State Park.

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• Draw Conclusions What factors determine Indiana’s three • Make Comparisons What are Indiana’s three regions? How do geographical regions? A region is an area with common the features of the regions differ? Indiana’s three regions natural or cultural features. Each of Indiana’s regions has are the Northern Lakes and Moraines, the Central Till landforms and natural resources that make them unique. Plain, and the Southern Lowlands. The Northern Lakes and Moraines has several large cities and many lakes. The Central Till Plain has rich farmland. The Southern Lowlands Support English Language Learners has limestone caves and rolling hills. • Draw Conclusions Why are water, trees, soil, and minerals called 1. Content and Language natural resources? They are things in the environment that Write the “I will know” statement from page 11 on the board. Have people use. students look at the pictures in the Envision It! activity. Invite them to paraphrase or restate the “I will know” statement in their own words. 2. Frontload the Lesson The Northern Lakes and Moraines Have students preview the lesson by reading the section headings • Summarize What are three features found in the Northern Lakes and the captions with the images. Then encourage students to and Moraines region of Indiana? moraines, lakes and ponds, predict what they will learn in the lesson. and dunes 3. Comprehensible Input • How do the natural resources found in the Calumet area Review good active reading habits, such as using the 5 Ws (what, affect the work people might do in that area? Possible answer: who, why, when, where) to ask questions as they read. Explain that People might work in transportation because of Lake these habits will make it easier to complete the interactive writing Michigan. They might work for the companies that make features in the Worktext. steel, or they might farm because of the good farmland.

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The Central Till Plain The Southern Lowlands Indiana’s Regions South of the Northern Lakes and Moraines region is The landscape of the Southern Lowlands region looks Lake the Central Till Plain. Till is the soil and rock that gets quite different from the rest of the state. It has rounded hills, Michigan MI

. left behind after a glacier melts. The soil in the Central some forests, limestone caves, and rich, fertile lowlands. The South Bend R . h e R Gary p e e m s au Till Plain is the most fertile in the state. Although most land is not flat like the rest of the state because glaciers did o M J t. akee R. S of this region is very flat, the highest point in Indiana, not cross most of this region. Kank Fort Wayne S t . M called Hoosier Hill, is located there. Coal and petroleum, or oil, are two of the natural ar . ys R R. h The rich soil of this region makes it an ideal place for resources found in the southwest corner of the region near as ab W Muncie OH farming. The agriculture belt of the Central Till Plain the Wabash River. Farmers grow melons in the fertile soil Hoosier Hill is dotted with large farms, fields of crops, and fenced-in found there. In the central area, a “limestone belt,” or area of IL (1,257 ft) N areas for hogs and cattle. limestone deposits, runs from Bloomington to the East Fork Terre Indianapolis Haute Indiana ranks fifth in the nation in corn production. White River. Limestone is a stone used for building. Towns R. W E e it h Bloomington Much of Indiana’s corn is grown in this central region. like Bedford opened limestone quarries, or stone pits, more W S

. Farmers here also grow soybeans, wheat, and hay. They than 100 years ago. R Vincennes te hi W raise hogs, cattle, and chickens. Milk and eggs are also Over time, water has worn huge underground holes in the rk . Fo R East New h 0 50 mi s Albany important products of the region. limestone, forming caves. Wyandotte Cave, pictured in the a b a 0 50 km Evansville The state capital, Indianapolis, is located in this last lesson, has 25 miles of passages. Historians believe that W . KY Ohio R region. Leaders chose this region for the capital because people lived there in prehistoric times. KEY of its central location. Indianapolis attracted industries In the southeast corner, there is a series of steep hills, called Northern Lakes State capital in the late nineteenth century because of its nearby knobs. Artists like T.C. Steele and William Forsyth have been 3. Compare and and Moraines Other city Central Till Plain Highest point source of natural gas. Natural gas was a valuable inspired by southern Indiana’s natural beauty. Contrast Fill in Southern Lowlands resource. It was used to produce light and heat. Cities in the Southern Lowlands include Evansville and the missing features, The automobile industry was one industry that Bloomington. Evansville is known as “Plastics Valley” because resources, and crops in grew in Indianapolis. The Ball brothers started their of the many plastics companies there. Bloomington has the chart. Circle items that 2. Place an X on the map where glass manufacturing company in nearby Muncie limestone quarries, electronics factories, and a large university. are unique to each region. you live. Circle the region in because of the availability of natural gas. Although the the map key. natural gas was soon used up, many industries stayed Indiana’s Physical Regions Answers will vary. in the state. Region Physical Features Natural Resources Major Crops Northern Lakes and flat land, moraines, water, coal, soybeans, The rich soil in the Central Till Moraines lakes and ponds, dunes limestone, oil, soil corn, beef Plain is ideal for farming. cattle Central Till Plain flat land, Hoosier Hill, fertile soil, corn, soybeans, wheat, farmland hay, hogs, cattle, natural gas chickens, eggs, milk Southern Lowlands rounded hills, coal, oil, limestone, melons forests, fertile fertile soil lowlands, caves

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ESS14_SE04_IN_C01_L02.indd 12 16/01/15 12:29 AM ESS14_SE04_IN_C01_L02.indd 13 16/01/15 12:29 AM The Central Till Plain The Southern Lowlands

• Draw Conclusions How are the types of businesses in the Central • Identify Main Idea and Details Why are there more hills, Till Plain an example of how geography affects the way people forests, and caves in the Southern Lowlands than in other live? Agriculture is important because of the rich soil. Many regions of Indiana? The glaciers didn’t cross most of this industries grew around Indianapolis because natural gas region, so the land didn’t become flat. was available. • Recognize Cause And Effect How do the natural resources • Draw Inferences Why might cattle, hogs, and chickens be raised between Bloomington and the East Fork White River affect in the same areas that grow crops such as corn, wheat, and hay? the work people do in the area? People might work in the Possible answer: The food that the animals eat is grown in limestone quarries. the same place that the animals are raised. • Analyze Charts What major crop is found in the Southern • Analyze Maps What two major Indiana rivers drain the Central Lowlands of Indiana? melons Till Plain? the Wabash and White rivers • Make Comparisons How do the features of the Southern Lowlands differ? The southwest corner has the Wabash River, fertile soil, coal, and oil. The central area has a limestone belt. The southeast corner has steep hills and natural beauty.

ESS15_TE04_IN_C01_L02.indd 11 31/01/15 2:29 AM WORKTEXT Active Reading pages 14–15

Lake Michigan also affects Climate and Precipitation the precipitation in Indiana. What is the weather like today? Weather is the Recall that precipitation is the condition of the air at a certain time and place. amount of rain and snow that The weather may be different in different parts of falls there. The average snowfall Indiana. The weather affects what people wear and for Indiana is 20 inches a year. the activities they do. But the northern border near Weather changes from day to day. The climate Lake Michigan often gets more changes much more slowly. Climate is the pattern than 100 inches a year! This is of weather in a place over a long period of time. because cold air passing over Indiana has a temperate climate with four seasons. the warmer lake produces very It is usually not extremely hot or extremely cold. heavy precipitation. Indiana’s distance from the equator is one reason for its temperate climate. Places close to the equator are warmest throughout the year because The winds that blow across Lake Michigan cause the sun shines strongest there. Places far from the heavy snowfall in places like Michigan City. equator, like the poles, are coldest. This is why Indiana has a warmer climate than many places to the north and a cooler climate than places to the south. The state has warm, humid summers and 5. Main Idea and Details The three land regions of Indiana have different physical chilly, cloudy winters. Southern Indiana is slightly features. Write three details to support this main idea. Indiana’s Plant warmer than northern Indiana. Hardiness Zones Lake Michigan affects the climate of northwest Possible answer: Hundreds of lakes dot the landscape in Lake Indiana. In the fall, the lake’s water remains warm MI Michigan from the summer. This warms the air above the the Northern Lakes and Moraines. The Central Till Plain has South Bend N lake and keeps temperatures mild. But in the large farms. The Southern Lowlands has rolling hills. W E spring, the water stays cold from the winter. This Fort Wayne S cools the air and keeps the temperature lower. 6. Describe how the changing seasons affect how people in r e iv R Indiana live. h 4. Look at the map. Gardeners and farmers use as ab W IL this USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map to see Possible answer: In winter, it snows a lot in some parts of OH what plants grow best where they live. Circle Indianapolis your zone in the key. Then research the plants Indiana. People who live there dress warmly and can ski. In and trees that grow well in that zone. Write the summer, it is warm so people who live near water can swim names of two plants or trees that could be used in a community park. and kayak. Students will identify their Stop! I need help with Discuss content students need help with.

Evansville KEY Wait! I have a question about Pause to answer students’ questions. r zone and choose two plants ve Zone 5b Ohio Ri Zone 6a Go! Now I know Zone 6b or trees that grow well there. Help students self-assess their learning. 0 50 mi KY State capital 0 50 km Other city

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ESS14_SE04_IN_C01_L02.indd 15 16/01/15 12:29 AM ESS14_SE04_IN_C01_L02.indd 14 16/01/15 12:29 AM Climate and Precipitation Differentiated Instruction • Make Comparisons What is the difference between weather and Use the following questions to differentiate instruction for students climate? Weather is the condition of the air at a particular when discussing Indiana’s regions and resources. time or place. Climate is the pattern of weather over a long period of time. L1 Special Needs: You may wish to have a student helper make an audio tape of the lesson by reading each section of the text • Draw Conclusions What context clues help the reader slowly. Use the tape for students who would benefit from an audio understand the meaning of temperate on page 14? “It is approach to the content. usually not extremely hot or extremely cold. . . . Indiana has a warmer climate than many places to the north and a L2 Extra Support: Provide small groups of students with a blank cooler climate than places to the south.” map of Indiana. Have them use the information in the lesson to divide the map into regions and draw in the major features of each • Recognize Cause and Effect Why does Indiana have a temperate region. climate? It isn’t close to either the equator or the poles. L3 On-level: Assign groups of students a region of Indiana. Have • Analyze Maps Through which plant hardiness zones does the students research the natural resources found in that region and Wabash River flow? all three make a resource map of the region. Students should place icons, samples, or pictures of each resource in its correct location on the map. Have groups post their maps. L4 Challenge: Ask pairs of students to research and draw a map showing the locations of major Indiana industries, either from the early 1900s or the present.

ESS15_TE04_IN_C01_L02.indd 12 31/01/15 2:29 AM Chapter 1 21st Century Skill Use Latitude and Longitude Skill Lesson Plan Summary

IN Indiana Indiana Academic Standards 4.3.1 Use latitude and longitude to identify physical and human features of Indiana.

Use Latitude and Longitude 20 minutes Provide students with a physical map of Indiana similar to the one in 1 WORKTEXT the Worktext. You may also wish to provide a globe or world map to Teach the Skill help students identify the location of Indiana relative to the equator and prime meridian. Help students identify the latitude and longitude lines. Point out that Indiana is north of the equator, so all latitude lines have an N after the number. Indiana is west of the prime meridian, so all the longitude lines have a W after the number. Model how to find the nearest latitude and longitude lines to Indianapolis.

Model active reading by asking the questions and using the teaching strategies indicated below this lesson’s worktext pages. 15 minutes 2 WORKTEXT Try It

ESS15_TE04_IN_C01_SK.indd 13 31/01/15 2:40 AM WORKTEXT Active Reading pages 16–17

Learning Objective IN 4.3.1 Use latitude and longitude to identify physical and human features of Indiana. Map Skills I will know how to use latitude and longitude to identify features of Indiana.

Use Latitude and Longitude We use maps for many different Use the map to answer the questions below. purposes. They help us find physical Indiana: Physical and Human Features

features, such as lakes, rivers, dunes, 88° W 87° W 86° W 85° W 84° W 1. Find Evansville on the map. What is the closest latitude line? N and forests. Maps can also show 42° N Lake MI 42° features that were created by people. Michigan 38°N . These human features of maps South Bend R Indiana Dunes h 2. Identify the two lakes that are located between 87°W and 86°W. p Gary National Lakeshore e include cities, farms, highways, and s . Lake o R J ee . Wawasee t. aum railroad lines. e R S M Monroe Lake and Patoka Lake Kankake Fort Wayne To find the exact location of 41° N 41° N S t. 3. The Ohio River forms the southern border of Indiana. What lines of physical and human features on N M ar . ys longitude does the river cross in Indiana? R R. maps, we use latitude and longitude. W E h as ab These imaginary lines form a grid S W 85°W, 86°W, 87°W, 88°W Muncie OH system that identifies the location of N features on maps. Lines of latitude 40° N 40° are drawn east to west. The equator Indianapolis IL . 4. What two physical features are located near 42°N and 87°W? R . Terre e is the starting point for latitude. All t R i e Haute h t W i locations north of the equator are h Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore and

Monroe

marked with an N, and all locations Lake k Bloomington r o 39° N Lake Michigan 39° N F south of the equator are marked with st Ea 5. Apply Suppose the state has decided to build a new railroad line an S. Lines of longitude are drawn Hoosier north to south. The prime meridian National Forest 0 50 mi (human feature) that will connect Gary and Indianapolis. Draw the . R h 0 50 km is the starting point for longitude. All s Patoka railroad line on the map, as well as what its symbol would look like in a b Lake locations east of the prime meridian a 85° W the map key below. Then write the lines of latitude and longitude that

W Evansville are marked with an E, and all 38° N the railroad will cross below. . KEY Ohio R locations west of the prime meridian National Forest KY are marked with a W. National Lakeshore State capital Students should draw a Study the blue grid on the map Other city 88° W 87° W 86° W of Indiana at the right. To identify railroad symbol for the key. the latitude and longitude of Indianapolis, first find the capital city on the map. Next, find the line of latitude closest to the city. Use your finger to follow the line to the right or to the left to find the number. You will see that it is 40°N. Now find the line of longitude closest to the city. Use your finger to follow the line to the top or bottom of the map to find the number. It is 86°W. Now you know that Indianapolis is located close to latitude 40°N and longitude 86°W. 41°N, 40°N, 87°W

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L4 Challenge: Show students the exact latitude and longitude of Differentiated Instruction your school using a GPS app on a smartphone. Challenge students Use the following questions and strategies to differentiate to find out more about how degrees of latitude and longitude are instruction for students when discussing how to use latitude and broken into smaller sections similar to the way an hour is divided longitude to locate places in Indiana. into minutes and seconds. L2 Extra Support: Divide a piece of graph paper into four quadrants by drawing a horizontal and vertical line through the center of the page. Place an X in the upper left quadrant of the grid at a point where two lines cross. Ask students to give the X an “address” by counting the squares to the left of the vertical line and above the horizontal line. Point out that this is similar to what students are doing when they use latitude and longitude lines to find a location. L3 On-level: To give students more practice using latitude and longitude, have partners make up a question similar to the questions on page 17. Partners should write their question on an index card and write the answer to the question on the back. Teams should exchange cards with another pair, read and discuss the question, and write the answer. Students can then check their answer on the back of the card. If the answers don’t agree, pairs should discuss how they got the answer and decide which one is correct.

ESS15_TE04_IN_C01_SK.indd 14 31/01/15 2:40 AM Chapter 1 Lesson 3 Indiana Connections Lesson Plan Summary

IN Indiana Indiana Academic Standards Target Reading Skill 4.3.11 Examine Indiana’s international 4.4.3 Explain the benefits of trade Objective: relationships. and give examples of how people in • Identify main idea and Indiana have engaged in trade. details.

ELL Objective: • Use new vocabulary to talk about how Indiana is connected to other states and countries.

myWorld and me 5 minutes Remind students of the discussion they had about the Big Question 1 WORKTEXT for this chapter: How does geography affect the way we live? Envision It! • How does learning about people who live in other states or countries change the way we live? Review the instructions for the Envision It! with students, and have them complete the activity. Not enough time Preview the Key Idea and Vocabulary with students. for social studies? • How is your community connected to other states, countries, or Teach this step during cultures? your reading block or as a center activity.

Model active reading by asking the questions and using the teaching strategies indicated below this lesson’s worktext pages. 45 minutes 2 WORKTEXT Active Reading

Ask students to complete the Got It? activity at the end of the lesson to evaluate their understanding of the key objectives in this lesson. 10 minutes 3 WORKTEXT Got It?

ESS15_TE04_IN_C01_L03.indd 15 31/01/15 2:28 AM WORKTEXT Active Reading pages 18–19

NLOCK U

Lesson 3 I will know how Indiana is connected to other states and Indiana countries. Connections Vocabulary

trade culture manufacturing cultural export exchange People celebrate their cultures in many ways. Circle two items in the picture that represent import Here, Mongolian Buddhists dance at a festival in this culture group. Bloomington, Indiana. IN Indiana Academic Standards “The Crossroads of America” is Indiana’s state motto, or Benefits of Trade 4 . 3 .11 Examine Indiana’s saying. This motto describes the state’s central location in the Indiana is connected to the world through trade. Trade international relationships. United States along roads, rivers, and train lines. Hoosiers are is the buying and selling of goods and services. Trade has 4.4.3 Explain the benefits of trade and give examples of how people in connected to the rest of the country by the interstate highways many benefits. No single place can provide everything Indiana have engaged in trade. that crisscross the state. that the people who live there need. Each place depends on others to get the things they need and want. Trade benefits Indiana, the United States, and the World Indiana in other ways, too. It brings money into the state. Indiana’s location in the center of the country links it to other It also creates jobs for workers. 1. Look at the picture states. This allows businesses to easily ship goods to other places in Trade has existed for many thousands of years. of a barge on the the country. Fourteen interstate highways pass through Indiana, Long ago, it took barges, wagons, and Ohio River. Describe linking it to the rest of the nation. Indiana has more railroad lines stagecoaches weeks or months to make a how Indiana is than many other states. Trains carrying cargo, or goods, travel delivery. Today, a jet plane can cross those connected to other from Chicago, Illinois, and St. Louis, Missouri, through Indiana. same distances in hours. And cargo parts of the world. Waterways link Indiana not just to other states, but to the whole ships can hold more goods than ever Its waterways world. The Ohio River flows into the Mississippi River, which in before. They can transport those turn flows into the Gulf of Mexico. From there, goods can be goods far more cheaply, too. More link it to other shipped all over the world. Southwind Maritime Center, in the goods are now shipped and received places. town of Mount Vernon, is one of Indiana’s ports on the Ohio River. around the world than at any other Portage, on the shores of Lake Michigan, is one of Indiana’s time in history. largest port cities. It connects Indiana to Canada. Ships on the Great Lakes can reach the Atlantic Ocean through the St. Lawrence Seaway. From Portage, huge ships, called freighters, carry Indiana steel and other products to markets The Subaru of Indiana around the world. assembly plant in Lafayette makes goods that can be shipped all over the world.

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Begin to Read Indiana, the United States, and the World

• Demonstrate Reasoned Judgment How might goods manufactured • Identify Alternatives How might a steel company ship its steel to in other states reach your part of Indiana? Possible answer: the Gulf of Mexico? Possible answer: The company might put Goods from other states reach my part of Indiana by the steel on a truck and take it to a boat on the Ohio River. airplane, train, truck, or boat. The boat would travel to the Mississippi River, and from there to the Gulf of Mexico.

• Draw Inferences Why is it important that 14 interstate highways Support English Language Learners pass through Indiana? Possible answer: All these highways allow Indiana to ship and receive goods easily from around 1. Content and Language the country. Write trade on the board. Explain that to trade means “to exchange one object for another.” Ask students to name something they have traded. Benefits of Trade 2. Frontload the Lesson • Predict Consequences What might happen if people in Indiana Have students preview the lesson by studying the images and captions. did not trade with people from other states or countries? Then encourage students to predict what they will learn in the lesson. Possible answer: People would only buy goods that were 3. Comprehensible Input produced in Indiana and would not sell their goods outside of Indiana. There would be fewer goods to choose from. Have students form groups of three. Give Student 1 three index cards reading “Indiana.” Give Student 2 three index cards reading “Illinois.” • Identify Central Issues How does trade benefit Indiana? Possible Give Student 3 three index cards reading “China.” Taking turns, answer: Trade lets Hoosiers get things they need and want students should trade one card with another group member until each that they cannot get in Indiana. It also brings money into student in the group has a card from each location. Connect trade to the state and helps create jobs. buying and selling goods from other states or countries. 16

ESS15_TE04_IN_C01_L03.indd 16 31/01/15 2:28 AM WORKTEXT Active Reading pages 20–21

Indiana’s Top Trading Partners, 2013

ARCTIC OCEAN Top Exports and Imports Indiana manufacturers make many different exports. GERMANY Exports are goods that are shipped to another country CANADA 3 to be sold there. The vehicle manufacturing industry in 1 Indiana is the top exporter. The second highest exporter is the pharmaceutical industry. A pharmaceutical company UNITED FRANCE JAPAN STATES Indiana 5 exports medicine. One of the biggest pharmaceutical 4 ATLANTIC companies in the world is Eli Lilly and Company. It is located MEXICO OCEAN in the capital city, Indianapolis. 2 Indiana also relies on imports. Imports are goods 3. Look at the graph below INDIAN that are brought in from another country to be sold here. PACIFIC OCEAN that shows Indiana’s top OCEAN Hoosiers cannot produce everything that people in the state exports. About how much need. Instead, they import goods from businesses overseas. more money does Indiana Some of the top goods that Indiana imports are ingredients KEY earn through its export of Trading partner of Indiana for medicine, cellular phones, and vehicle parts. Hoosiers SOUTHERN OCEAN industrial machinery than import more goods from Canada than anywhere else. The electric machinery? state also buys many products from Ireland, China, Japan, International Trade 2. Circle Indiana’s top two and Mexico. about $3 million trading partners. Indiana trades goods with many countries. Indiana Write why you think businesses ship more goods to Canada than anywhere else these countries are top in the world. In 2013, the state shipped nearly $12 billion trading partners. worth of goods to Canada. Indiana’s Top Exports, 2012 Businesses in Indiana use the state’s natural resources to Possible answer: make products that are needed in other regions of the world 8 Canada and that might not have those resources. For example, Indiana’s fertile soil is good for growing crops such as corn, soybeans, Mexico are the and mint. Farms ship crops to other areas where those crops 6 top trading do not grow well. In 2011, Indiana’s agriculture industry earned $4.6 billion from selling crops to other countries. 4 partners because Indiana’s steel industry is centered in the northwestern part of the state. It produces 20 million tons of steel a

they are located Millions of dollars 2 year. Steel is used to make many products, such as stoves, closest to televisions, and refrigerators. Indiana ships these products Indiana. to other countries. 0 The industry in Indiana that ships the most goods to Vehicles Pharmaceutical Industrial Optical and Medical Electric Export and Parts Products Machinery Instruments Machinery other countries is the vehicle manufacturing industry.

Manufacturing is the making of goods by machines, Source: U.S. Census Bureau and Indiana University usually in factories. Indiana companies make vehicles and parts for vehicles such as automobiles and aircraft. The steel that is produced in the state is used to make many of these products. 20 21

ESS14_SE04_IN_C01_L03.indd 20 16/01/15 12:37 AM ESS14_SE04_IN_C01_L03.indd 21 16/01/15 12:37 AM International Trade Top Exports and Imports • How do Indiana’s natural resources affect the products that • Identify Main Idea and Details Why do companies that Indiana businesses sell to other countries? Possible answer: export goods also import goods? Provide an example. Possible Indiana businesses use the state’s natural resources, such as answer: Companies do not have all they need on their fertile soil, to grow crops that other countries want to buy. own. Examples: Pharmaceutical companies need to buy imported ingredients for medicine in order to make and • Recognize Cause and Effect Why is Indiana a good place for export medicine. Vehicle manufacturing industries need to businesses to manufacture stoves, vehicles, and parts for buy imported vehicle parts in order to make and export cars. vehicles? Indiana’s steel industry produces 20 million tons of steel a year, which can be used to make cars and • Analyze Graphs About how much does Indiana earn by appliances. exporting industrial machinery? about $5.5 million

• Analyze Maps Which international trading partner requires • Analyze Graphs About how much does Indiana earn in total for goods to travel the farthest? Japan its top five exports? more than $23 million

• Draw Conclusions Do you think Indiana ships most of the steel it • Demonstrate Reasoned Judgment What might account for produces to other countries? Why or why not? Possible answer: the fact that Indiana both exports and imports vehicle parts? No, because Indiana makes other products out of steel and Possible answer: Indiana may have the resources to make ships many products made from steel to other countries. some parts, but not others.

ESS15_TE04_IN_C01_L03.indd 17 31/01/15 2:28 AM WORKTEXT Active Reading pages 22–23

Cultural Exchanges Indiana’s exports to China have Indiana not only provides and receives products from grown over the past decade. China other parts of the world, but the state and other countries uses more meat, coal, and steel than also share their cultures. A culture is the way of life of a any other country in the world. group of people. Indiana takes part in cultural exchanges Through this partnership, Indiana with people in other countries. A cultural exchange has increased trade with China. happens when two different cultures share information with Schools in both countries have also each other. started to work together. Indiana has sister cities and sister states in other countries. Sister cities and states work together as friends 5. Main Idea and Details to understand the other’s culture. These relationships also Write what happens in a promote trade and tourism. Indianapolis alone has eight cultural exchange. sister cities! These include cities in Taiwan, Germany, Italy, Two cultures share Slovenia, China, Brazil, the United Kingdom, and India. International relationships have many benefits to Hoosiers. information with each Indiana students practice making Chinese characters in their Chinese class. They can learn about different cultures. They also create other. new volunteer and business opportunities. Each year, the city of Indianapolis celebrates its international relationships with the Indy Sister Cities Fest. Hoosiers enjoy music, games, world sports, and other cultural activities at this street fair. In 1964, President John F. Kennedy started an 6. Main Idea and Details Write two details to support the main idea that Indiana’s organization called Partners of the Americas. Kennedy 4. Indiana has waterways link the state to the rest of the world. partnerships with wanted to increase cultural exchanges between the United people in other countries. States and Latin America. People created one of the first Possible answer: Ships carry freight on the Ohio River, which flows Circle the two shown partnerships between Indiana and Rio Grande do Sul, to the Mississippi River. Ships can reach Canada and the Atlantic on the map. a state in Brazil. Over the past 50 years, Hoosiers and gauchos, or people from this Ocean through Lake Michigan and the St. Lawrence Seaway. Indiana’s Sister States state in Brazil, have shared their cultures. Students from the two 7. List three benefits of Indiana’s relationships with its sister ARCTIC OCEAN countries have visited each other’s cities and states. schools. Farmers from Indiana Indiana, have taught people in Brazil how Possible answer: These relationships promote trade and United States to grow vegetables. Gaucho youth Zhejiang, tourism, help people learn about different cultures, and ATLANTIC China OCEAN orchestras have visited Indiana to share their music. create new business opportunites.

INDIAN Zhejiang Province in China is OCEAN another sister state of Indiana. Stop! I need help with Discuss content students need help with. PACIFIC This partnership began in 1987. It OCEAN Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil was started mostly for economic Wait! I have a question about Pause to answer students’ questions. reasons. Go! Now I know Help students self-assess their learning.

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ESS14_SE04_IN_C01_L03.indd 22 16/01/15 12:37 AM ESS14_SE04_IN_C01_L03.indd 23 16/01/15 12:37 AM Cultural Exchanges Differentiated Instruction • Recognize Cause and Effect How do cultural exchanges benefit Use the following questions to differentiate instruction for students Indiana’s economy? Possible answer: The relationships from when discussing Indiana’s connections to other states and countries. sister cities and sister states promote trade and tourism, which bring money into the economy. L1 Special Needs: If the content is too complex for some students, create an outline showing the most important concepts. Have • Formulate Questions What question might you ask about students locate each item on the outline, highlight it in the text, and Indiana’s sister cities and states? Possible answer: How does explain it in his/her own words. Indiana choose which cities or states to work with? L2 Extra Support: Provide students with an outline map of the • Synthesize Information What are some ways that Indiana and world, showing the names of the countries. Working in groups Brazil have shared their cultures? People have visited each of three, have students locate and circle the countries where other’s schools. Farmers from Indiana have taught gauchos Indianapolis’s sister cities are located. Ask students what they how to grow vegetables. Gaucho youth orchestras have already know about these countries and what they might learn by visited Indiana to share music. sharing information with the people. • Draw Inferences What natural resources in Indiana have L3 On-level: Have students work with a partner. Partners should first contributed to increased trade with China? Possible answer: identify a culture mentioned in the lesson that they would like to learn Indiana’s fertile soil lets farmers raise cattle, which China more about. Then have students write questions for an interview they imports for meat. Indiana has coal deposits, so they can would like to have with a student their age from that country. ship coal to China. L4 Challenge: Assign groups of students one of Indiana’s top trading partners from the map on page 20. Have groups research the three largest exports to and imports from that country in recent years. Then have them make a bar graph showing the total amounts of money Indiana earned and spent in trade with their country.

ESS15_TE04_IN_C01_L03.indd 18 31/01/15 2:28 AM Chapter 1 Review and Assessment Lesson Plan Summary

Both the myStory Book and myWorld Activity performance assessments Performance are available in the Chapter Closer Digital Presentation. 1 Assessment

PRESENTATION Chapter 1

Choice A Writing Activity Students use the myStory ideas from their worktexts to 30 minutes myStory write and illustrate an eight-page booklet demonstrating their understanding of the key objectives, vocabulary, and Big Question for this chapter. Book See the Online Lesson Plan for full instructions on how to complete the story together as a class, or have each student complete his or her own story. Make sure students’ stories reflect what the chapter’s content means to them. The myStory Book feature in their worktext will help them achieve this.

Choice B Hands-on Activity: Geography: Mapping People and the 30 minutes myWorld Environment In this activity, students draw a map of Indiana to show how people interact with the environment. See the full instructions online Activity to complete the activity as well as Students’ Instructions and a rubric for the activity. Use Activity Cards 1–5.

Optional: You may want to assign the Chapter Review and 15 minutes WORKTEXT Assessment in the worktext as homework. 2 Chapter Review

Formal Optional: Print and distribute Test Forms A and B for this chapter. 3 Assessment

Notes

ESS15_TE04_IN_C01_RV.indd 19 30/01/15 11:49 PM WORKTEXT Active Reading pages 24–25

Chapter 1 Chapter 1 Study Guide Review and Assessment

Lesson 1 Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Land and Water Land and Water Regions and Resources • Indiana is located in the United States, in the Midwest region. Its capital, Indianapolis, is located in the center of the state. 1. Describe how glaciers shaped Indiana’s 4. Which region fits this description? • Long ago, glaciers shaped the landscape of Indiana. landscape and environment long ago. The land is made up of rounded hills, some forests, limestone caves, and rich • Indiana has varied landforms, water features, and plants and animals. Glaciers covered most of farmland. • The state’s waterways include hundreds of lakes and two major rivers: A. Northern Moraines and Lakes the Wabash and Ohio rivers. Indiana. As they moved and melted, they changed B. Central Till Plain C. Southern Lowlands Lesson 2 the natural features of Indiana’s Regions and Resources D. Indiana Dunes • Indiana has three land regions: the Northern Lakes and Moraines, the the land. They flattened 5. Write three natural resources found Central Till Plain, and the Southern Lowlands. the land, dug large holes, in the Northern Lakes and Moraines • Indiana’s natural resources include water, trees, soil, and minerals. and helped form caves. region. • Indiana has a temperate climate that is affected by the state’s distance from the equator. 2. Match each waterway with its Possible answers: water, • Lake Michigan affects the weather and precipitation in the state. description. fertile soil, coal, limestone, _____ Laked a. longest river in Lesson 3 Wawasee Indiana and petroleum Indiana Connections _____ Monroeb b. largest 6. Fill in the blanks. • Indiana’s central location in the United States makes it the “Crossroads Lake reservoir Indiana has a temperate of America.” _____ Wabasha c. forms southern climate. The sun shines strongest in River boundary of Indiana • Trade benefits Hoosiers by allowing people to get things they need and places closest to the want, bringing money into the state, and creating jobs. _____ Ohioc River d. largest natural lake equator. Places far from the equator have colder temperatures. • Indiana’s top trading partner is Canada. Its top exports vehicles and 3. Label part of the hydrologic cycle. vehicle parts. • Hoosiers participate in cultural exchanges with other countries. Condensation

Evaporation precipitation

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ESS14_SE04_IN_C01_RV.indd 24 16/01/15 12:45 AM ESS14_SE04_IN_C01_RV.indd 25 16/01/15 12:45 AM Support English Language Learners Support English Language Learners Language Production Assess Understanding Use the following activities to help students write about geography Have ELLs work in groups of varying language proficiencies to and how it affects their life. complete the Chapter Activity. Review the rubric and instructions with each group. Beginning LOW Have students draw pictures or diagrams to show different features of Indiana’s geography. Have them choose one Beginning HIGH Have students choose one natural resource from picture and write a word or caption to show how it affects their life. their group’s region and draw a picture of it on a map of Indiana. Intermediate HIGH Write cloze sentences that describe the way Intermediate LOW/HIGH Have students identify one resource that that geography affects people’s lives. Have students complete the is found in several regions of the state and one that is found in only sentences and then read them aloud. Examples: My environment one region. Students should draw a picture of the resource on a has ____. This means that I can _____. blank map of Indiana. Advanced HIGH Ask partners to choose one feature of Indiana’s Advanced LOW Have students write full sentences describing the geography. One partner will write a description of the feature. The resources in their region and how they are used. other partner will write about how it affects the lives of people in the state.

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Go online to write and illustrate Chapter 1 your own myStory Book using the Review and Assessment myStory Ideas from this chapter. How does geography affect Lesson 3 the way we live? Indiana Connections IN 4.W.1 Write for discipline-specific tasks, purposes, 7. Main Idea and Details Write 10. How does geography Indiana has a variety of landforms, waterways, and resources, along and audiences. two benefits of trade. affect the way we live? with a temperate climate. This varied geography affects people in different ways, depending on where they live. Geography influences Possible answers: creates Look at the picture and where we choose to live, what we wear, what we do for fun or work, jobs for workers, brings answer the question. and what our communities are like. money into the state, allows Think about where you live and what people in your community do for people to get the things fun or work. Write how geography affects part of your life. My town is located near the Ohio River. I enjoy fishing and they need swimming in the river on hot summer days. 8. Write how the steel industry helps Indiana’s trade business. How does Indiana’s geography affect Steel is used to make Now draw a picture to illustrate your writing. the work that people do there? many products that Possible answer: Much are shipped to other of the land in Indiana is Students should draw a picture countries, such as flat with fertile soil. Many televisions and vehicle that shows how geography affects people work as farmers. their lives. parts. Hoosiers also work in the 9. Which of the following best describes a steel industry, which uses cultural exchange? natural resources found in A. Two countries trade goods.

B. Two countries share transportation. the state. C. Two cultures share information. D. Two cultures build factories.

While you’re online, check out the myStory Current Events area where you can create your own book on a topic that’s in the news.

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Big Question myStory Book 1. Call on volunteers to name different features of Indiana’s 1. Explain to students that they will now have the opportunity to geography. List these features on the board. create a story about what they learned in this chapter. 2. Have students take turns choosing a feature and describing how 2. They will be able to describe it in their own words. They will also it affects their lives. be able to select the images they think are best. 3. Ask students to explain how Indiana’s geography affects the way 3. Explain that prompts will guide them through the writing of the people live throughout the state. story.

myWorld and Me 1. Have students think about a specific way that their life is different because they live in Indiana and not somewhere else. 2. Have students draw a picture that shows the way that their life is different.

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