Bio& 241 (A&P) Unit 2 Lab 1: THE SKULL

G. Blevins/G. Brady Spring 2008

AXIAL SKELETON

SKULL - Cranium Special Features Occipital bone [1] Sutures Foramen magnum Sagittal Occipital condyles Coronal Hypoglossal canal (fossa) Squamosal External occipital protuberance Lambdoidal Superior nuchal line Wormian bones Inferior nuchal line Temporal bones [2] Fontanels (Fetal skull) Squamous portion Anterior (or frontal) Zygomatic process Posterior (or occipital) Mastoid portion Anterolaterals (or spenoidals) Mastoid process Posterolaterals (or mastoidals) Mastoid air cells (or sinuses) Air sinuses Petrous portion Paranasal sinuses External auditory meatus Frontal sinus Mandibular fossa Sphenoidal sinus Styloid process Ethmoidal sinus Stylomastoid foramen Maxillary sinus Jugular fossa Mastoid sinus Jugular foramen Carotid canal (or Blood sinus sulci (grooves on of foramen) cranium created by veins called Internal auditory meatus sinuses) Sphenoid bone [1] Superior sagittal sulcus Body Transverse sulci Sphenoid sinuses Sigmoid sulci Greater wings Lesser wings SKULL - Cranium Bones [8] Sella turcica (or Turk's saddle) Frontal Bone [1] Chiasmatic groove Superciliary arch Hypophyseal fossa Glabella Optic foramen Supraorbital margin Superior orbital fissure Supraorbital notch (sometimes Pterygoid processes foramen) Medial Parietal bones [2] Lateral Foramen ovale

Sphenoid bone SKULL - Facial Special Features Foramen rotundum Nasal Septum formed by Perpendicular plate of ethmoid Ethmoid bone [1] bone and the Vomer Horizontal (or cribriform) plate Orbits formed by Crista galli Frontal (roof of orbit) Perpendicular plate Ethmoid (medial wall) Lateral masses (or labyrinths) Lacrimal (medial wall) Superior turbinates (or conchae) Sphenoid (lateral wall) Middle turbinates (or conchae) Zygomatic (lateral wall) Ethmoid sinuses Maxillary (floor) Palatine (floor) SKULL - Facial Bones [14] Mandible [1] SKULL-Miscellaneous Bones [7] Body Auditory ossicles [6] Angle Malleus (or hammer) [2] Ramus Incus (or anvil) [2] Condylar process (or head) Stapes (or stirrup) [2] Neck Hyoid [1] Coronoid process Mandibular notch Alveolar processes Mandibular foramen Mental foramen Maxillae [2] Maxillary sinus (or antrum of Highmore) Alveolar process Palatine process Incisive fossa (or foramen) Infraorbital foramen Inferior orbital fissure Lacrimal groove Lacrimal bones [2] Palatine bones [2] Inferior nasal conchae (turbinates) [2] Nasal Bones [2] Zygomatic (or malar) bones [2] Temporal process (forming zygomatic arch with temporal bone) Vomer [1]