DOCSLIB.ORG

Exploring Universal Principles and Parameters in Design

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Exploring Universal Principles and Parameters in Design PORTO 2015 EXPLORING UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLES AND PARAMETERS IN DESIGN. Yoad David Luxembourg Thesis presented at the Faculty of Fine Arts, University of Porto, for the degree of Doctor of Design. Supervisor: Prof. Heitor Alvelos Professor at the faculty of Fine Arts University of Porto Exploring Universal Principles and Parameters in Design Abstract Page 1 of 3 Abstract. Exploring the validity of Language based Universal Principles and Parameters in design. this research produces a series of comparative studies examining the relationship between language and design, each deploying a different methodology, working towards different goals, and dealing with different aspects of the relationship between these two seemingly distinctive abilities. This thesis is composed from three main investigations that derive from each other in sequence, and that are based on a common Literary geometry - a relationship between different authors formed in order to serves as a conceptual framework for the intended research. In the present case the literary geometry is constructed from the work of Gibson (1986), Pinker (1994), Thwaites, Davis & Warwick (2002), Krippendorff (2006), Dong (2009) and Cross (2011). This research builds on their complimenting interests in perception, language and design thinking, on their common sources, their selection of methods, their use of complimenting case studies, and their conceptually paralleling ideas. The main question of this research is - Can various aspects, that are at play in the universality of language, also be at play in the universality of design. In seeking to answer this question this research short term goals are: • To inform and explore the relationship between language use and design use. • To inquire into the structural dynamics between language and design, as competences and as activities. • To examine the validity of Universal Structure theories from the fields of Linguistics and Structuralism in Design. Yoád David Luxembourg 2015 Exploring Universal Principles and Parameters in Design Abstract Page 2 of 3 The Investigations: Working with Pinker's The Language Instinct: How the mind creates language (1994), the first investigation converges different thinkers and different strings of thought - contained in the Literary Geometry - into a synthesis with which the dynamic relationship between language and design is explored and the validity of concepts that are rooted in the domain of languages can be tested in the domain of design. The research finds here that essential mechanism and structures (grammar, perception, syntax) that are at play in language activity are also at play in design activity with a consideration to a minor alignment of terminology in order to compensate for changes in modality. These findings suggest that the creation and perception of visual or material artifacts follow the same structural mechanisms and cognitive processes as the creation and perception of lingual artifacts, as well as deployed towards towards the same goals: the conceptualization of reality, of artifacts and of identities into being. In turn, this points to the reality producing nature of design and language originating from a deep and cognitive connection. The second investigation forms a critical approach towards key aspects in the relationship between language and design. Based on the first investigation, this comparative study aims to expand further the inquiry of the relationship between language and design through a structured examination of underlying cognitive and structural mechanisms that enable language and design performance. It seeks to identify similarities and differences between brain activity, cognitive functions, structural units, and perception. The research offers here a strong argument over the sameness of language and design capacities. It shows these abilities operate on the same set of cognitive processes with which meaning is associated and constructed from information structures that are sampled by the perceptual system. Grammar seems to be deployed by a set of cognitive processes which Yoád David Luxembourg 2015 Exploring Universal Principles and Parameters in Design Abstract Page 3 of 3 associates sensory input with meaning. This set of cognitive processes seems to be at work the same way whether the act of communication is made of visual‐material units or vocal ones. Different modalities, both in terms of phenomena (sound, touch, visuals) and in semiotic terms (oral, gesture, written), constitutes as the only, yet fundamental, difference between language and design domains. The third investigation attempts to validate the conclusions above by positing a key structural model used in the domain of language into the domain of design. It aims to show a sameness of structural principles between lingual and designed artifacts, as well as an inherent structural similarity in the planning of such artifacts. This investigation introduces Jakobson's Functions of Language Model (1960) and examines - through case studies and qualitative investigation - how it can be used for the study of designed artifacts and design thinking, as well as how it can be used in the practice of design as a guiding universal structure of principles underlying design activity. The research forms here a framework for thinking about design and designing. A framework that is rooted in the study of languages and the theoretical foundation of universal structures from linguistics, semiotics and structuralism. The research demonstrates how valid is Jakobson’s Model after 55 years, but also demonstrates how valid it can be for the study of designed artifacts, as well as design thinking. It does so by reforming the model in accordance to Krippendorff’s Ideas of User centered design (2006), circumnavigating Krippendorff's strong distantiation from the use of semiotics for the study of the domain of design. With these three comparative investigations this research forms a theoretical foundation, accessible and applicable to design thinking and design practice, as well as a first approach towards a language based approach to design and its education – calling for systematic and synchronic approach to the study of design, design artifacts and design thinking. Yoád David Luxembourg 2015 Exploring Universal Principles and Parameters in Design The Blank Insert Page 1 of 1 Acknowledgments. To the Luxembourgs, the Getrueres, the Pais, and the Van Buurens. A large family is a relationship that bears you as much as you bear them, Thank you for supporting me all these years with help and advice beyond my imagination, not to mention the entertainment of growing up and growing more. To my greatest love Daniela Pais who set me up in this direction, Thank you! To my children for reminding me life is for living. And to all my parents for their support and the care. To Heitor Alvelos, for the guidance, advice, and sense of direction in this long and arduous path. To Alexandre Martins. Pedro Almeida and Janine Braun for the good times, our friendship and their help in making this research happen To Irene Droogleever Fortuyn, Stijn van der Vleuten, Jens Dyvik, Ari Versluis, Rita Salvado, for the good times, our friendship and their contribution to this research. To Heather Daam, Tim de Boer, Marjolein Vonk, Richard Beumer, Jeroen de Bruin, Jacques Terken, Matthias Rauterberg, Piérre Levy, Ingrid van der Wacht, Ehsan Baha, Oscar Tomico and Caroline Hummels for contributing to this research by sharing their experiences and their points of view. To Steven Pinker, Nigel Cross, Ken Friedman, and Klaus Krippendorff for their own contribution to this research, as well as to Andy Dong for his keen interest, help and feedback which brought this research to a full circle. Finally I would like to thank to the Ph.D course program, staff and co-students for this learning opportunity; for the University of Porto and its faculty of Fine Arts for facilitating it. And to Bonnie Pink, Ohashi (Trio) Yoshinori, Buck‐Tick, David Fonseca, Carláo, Sara Tavares, Camané, NPO radio4, Haydn, Chopin, and Mozart for the mood to write and to think. Thank you all! for being there in the right times, when I want to get stardust. For all that I am and have I thank god and his nature, Yoad David Luxembourg +++ Yoád David Luxembourg 2015 Exploring Universal Principles and Parameters in Design Table of Contents Page 1 of 4 Table of Contents: Abstract ii Acknowledgments v Table of contents vi Table of figures x 1. Goals and Direction 1 2. Literary Geometry 10 2.1 The Geometry 12 2.2 Conclusions 19 3. Framing and First Steps Towards a Comparative Research 20 3.1 A Linguistic Framing for Design 23 4. Investigation I -The Design Instinct: A comparative extrapolation of Steven Pinker’s 1994 manifest 26 4.1 An Instinct to Acquire an Art 29 4.2 Chatterboxes 55 4.3 Mentalese 80 4.4 How Design Works 91 4.5 Conclusions for Investigation I 151 5. Investigation II - Comparison Between Key Aspects of Language and Design 154 5.1 Section One: Brain Activity 156 Yoád David Luxembourg 2015 Exploring Universal Principles and Parameters in Design Table of Contents Page 2 of 4 5.2 Section Two: Cognitive Functions 160 5.3 Section Three: Structural Units 172 5.4 Section Four: Perceptual System 181 5.5 Conclusions for Part Two 187 6. Investigation III - A Universal Model for Design: Exploration of Key Structuralist Model in Design 193 6.1 Introducing the Roman Jakobson Model 197 6.2 Jakobson’s Model & Thwaites et al. Functions of the Sign Model 201 6.3 Case Studies: Deploying the communication model in the analysis of designed artifacts 206 6.3.1 Case Study One 208 6.3.2 Case Study Two 213 6.3.3 Case Study Three 219 6.3.4 Case Study Four 224 6.4 Case sudies Conclusion: Positing Jakobson’s model in design. 227 6.4.1 functionalities of design model 230 6.4.1.1 Referential functionalities dedicated to conceptual models of address 237 6.4.1.2 Referential functionality dedicated to conceptual models of context 241 Yoád David Luxembourg 2015 Exploring Universal Principles and Parameters in Design Table of Contents Page 3 of 4 6.4.2 Functionalities of Design Model Closing Conclusions.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Design Research Quarterly Volume 2, Issue 3
    Design Research Society DRS Digital Library Design Research Quarterly DRS Archive 1-7-2007 Design Research Quarterly Volume 2, Issue 3 Peter Storkerson Follow this and additional works at: https://dl.designresearchsociety.org/design-research-quarterly Recommended Citation Storkerson, Peter, "Design Research Quarterly Volume 2, Issue 3" (2007). Design Research Quarterly. 4. https://dl.designresearchsociety.org/design-research-quarterly/4 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the DRS Archive at DRS Digital Library. It has been accepted for inclusion in Design Research Quarterly by an authorized administrator of DRS Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected]. V.2:3 July 2007 www.designresearchsociety.org Design Research Society ISSN 1752-8445 Designing the Interface Between Research, Learning and Teaching Linda drew University of the Arts, London Abstract Introduction Table of Contents: This paper’s central argument is that ‘Universities need to set as a mission teaching and research need to be re- goal the improvement of the nexus Articles: shaped so that they connect in a pro- between research and teaching.... The 1 Designing the Interface Between ductive way. This will require actions aim is to increase the circumstanc- Research, Learning and Teaching at a whole range of levels, from the es in which teaching and research Linda Drew individual teacher to the national have occasion to meet, and to provide system and include the international rewards not only for better teaching or 4 DRS 2008 Conference: communities of design scholars. To do for better research but also for demon- Undisciplined! this, we need to start at the level of the strations of the integration between individual teacher and course team.
    [Show full text]
  • The Challenges of Parametric Design in Architecture Today: Mapping the Design Practice
    The Challenges of Parametric Design in Architecture Today: Mapping the Design Practice A thesis submitted to The University of Manchester for the degree of Master of Philosophy (MPhil) in the Faculty of Humanities 2012 Yasser Zarei School of Environment and Development Table ooofof Contents CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Introduction to the Research ....................................................................................................................... 8 CHAPTER 2: THE POSITION OF PARAMETRICS 2.1. The State of Knowledge on Parametrics ............................................................................................. 12 2.2. The Ambivalent Nature of Parametric Design ..................................................................................... 17 2.3. Parametric Design and the Ambiguity of Taxonomy ........................................................................... 24 CHAPTER 3: THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1. The Research Methodology ................................................................................................................ 29 3.2. The Strategies of Data Analysis ........................................................................................................... 35 CHAPTER 4: PARAMETRIC DESIGN AND THE STATUS OF PRIMARY DRIVERS The Question of Drivers (Outside to Inside) ............................................................................................... 39 CHAPTER 5: MAPPING THE ROLES IN THE PROCESS OF PARAMETRIC DESIGN 5.1. The Question Of Roles (Inside to Outside)
    [Show full text]
  • Engineering Design Methods: Strategies for Product Design Pdf, Epub, Ebook
    ENGINEERING DESIGN METHODS: STRATEGIES FOR PRODUCT DESIGN PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Nigel Cross | 230 pages | 03 Jun 2008 | John Wiley and Sons Ltd | 9780470519264 | English | Hoboken, United States Engineering Design Methods: Strategies for Product Design PDF Book Table of Contents Introduction. Clarifying Objectives. Design Strategies. Identifying Opportunities. The Weighted Objectives Method. Product Innovation. Design Problems. Written in a clear and readable style by an experienced author of teaching texts, Engineering Design Methods is an integrated design textbook that presents specific methods within an overall strategy from concept to detail design. New To This Edition The Fourth Edition of this important and integral engineering design textbook contains new case studies, examples, and problems as well as a significant new chapter presenting the User Scenarios Method. He is a long-time member of the academic staff of the UK's pioneering, multimedia Open University, where he has been involved in developing a wide range of distance-education courses in design,. The book is much more than a manual of procedures; throughout, there is discussion and explication of the principles and practice of design. Learning to Design. Undetected location. Rational Methods. Systematic Procedures. An Integrative Model. An Integrative Model. The Performance Specification Method. Evaluating Alternatives. He is a long-time member of the academic staff of the UK's pioneering, multimedia Open University, where he has been involved in developing a wide range of distance-education courses in design,. What is a Design Strategy? Engineering Design Methods: Strategies for Product Design Writer The Morphological Chart Method. What Designers Say. Identifying Opportunities. Cross, Nigel Written in a clear and readable style by an experienced author of teaching texts, Engineering Design Methods is an integrated design textbook that presents specific methods within an overall strategy from concept to detail design.
    [Show full text]
  • Design Research Quarterly Volume 2 Issue 1
    Design Research Society DRS Digital Library Design Research Quarterly DRS Archive 1-1-2007 Design Research Quarterly Volume 2 Issue 1 Peter Storkerson Follow this and additional works at: https://dl.designresearchsociety.org/design-research-quarterly Recommended Citation Storkerson, Peter, "Design Research Quarterly Volume 2 Issue 1" (2007). Design Research Quarterly. 2. https://dl.designresearchsociety.org/design-research-quarterly/2 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the DRS Archive at DRS Digital Library. It has been accepted for inclusion in Design Research Quarterly by an authorized administrator of DRS Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected]. V.2:1 January 2007 www.designresearchsociety.org Design Research Society ISSN 1752-8445 Paolo Astrade Wonderground 2007 Plenary: Sociedade de Geografia de Lisboa Perspectives on Table of Contents: 3 Forty Years of Design Research Design Nigel Cross 7 Simplicity Per Mollerup 16 Design Thinking Nigel Cross Charles Owen Forty Years of 28 Wonderground and Forward Design Research p. 3 Chris Rust 29 Seven New Fellows of the Design Research Society ICM Report: 30 BRAZIL: 7th P&D Brazilian Conference on Research and Development in Design Daniela Büchler Per Mollerup Design Conference Calendar: Simplicity p. 7 31 Upcoming Events Worldwide Artemis Yagou Call for Papers: 6 Emerging Trends in Design Research 2007 IASDR conference, Hong Kong 15 Shaping the Future? 9th International Conference on Engi- neering and Product Design Ed. Creative Makers Newcastle upon Tyne UK Domain Invention Charles Owen 32 Livenarch Contextualism in Architecture Design Thinking: Trabzon Turkey Notes on Its Analysis Synthesis Nature and Use p .
    [Show full text]
  • Editorial Forty Years of Design Research
    Editorial Forty years of design research he 40th anniversary of the founding of the which seemed to convince American scientists Design Research Society fell in 2006, and and engineers that they lacked creativity.) The Tthus provided a suitable moment to reflect 1960s also saw the beginnings of computer pro- on the first forty years of design research. From grams for problem solving. The first design the very beginning, the purpose of the DRS has al- methods or methodology books appeared e Asi- ways been stated clearly in its aims: ‘to promote mow (1962), Alexander (1964), Archer (1965), the study of and research into the process of de- Jones (1970) e and the first creativity books e signing in all its many fields’. Its purpose therefore Gordon (1961), Osborn (1963). is to act as a form of learned society, taking a do- main independent view of the process of A statement by Bruce Archer (1965) encapsulated designing. what was going on: ‘The most fundamental chal- lenge to conventional ideas on design has been The emergence of the Society lay in the success of the growing advocacy of systematic methods of the first ‘Conference on Design Methods’, which problem solving, borrowed from computer tech- was held in London in 1962 (Jones and Thornley, niques and management theory, for the assess- 1963). That conference is generally regarded as the ment of design problems and the development of event which marked the launch of design method- design solutions.’ And Herbert Simon (1969) es- ology as a subject or field of enquiry, and the ‘de- tablished the foundations for ‘a science of design’, sign methods movement’.
    [Show full text]
  • Design Thinking
    Design thinking Design thinking refers to design-specific cognitive present and future conditions and parameters of the prob- activities that designers apply during the process of lem, alternative solutions may be explored simultane- designing.[1] ously. Nigel Cross asserted that this type of thinking most often happens in the built, or artificial, environment (as in artifacts).[10] 1 Origins of the term This approach differs from the analytical scientific method, which begins with thoroughly defining all the pa- For more details on the history of the term, see § History. rameters of the problem in order to create a solution. De- sign thinking identifies and investigates with both known and ambiguous aspects of the current situation in order The notion of design as a “way of thinking” in the sci- to discover hidden parameters and open alternative paths ences can be traced to Herbert A. Simon's 1969 book The which may lead to the goal. Because design thinking is [2] Sciences of the Artificial, and in design engineering to iterative, intermediate “solutions” are also potential start- Robert McKim’s 1973 book Experiences in Visual Think- ing points of alternative paths, including redefining of the [3] ing. Peter Rowe’s 1987 book Design Thinking, which initial problem. described methods and approaches used by architects and urban planners, was a significant early usage of the term in the design research literature.[4] Rolf Faste expanded 2.1 Bryan Lawson – architects vs. scien- on McKim’s work at Stanford University in the 1980s and tists 1990s,[5][6] teaching “design thinking as a method of cre- ative action.”[7] Design thinking was adapted for business In 1972 psychologist, architect and design researcher purposes by Faste’s Stanford colleague David M.
    [Show full text]
  • Design Research Quarterly Volume 2, Issue 4
    Design Research Society DRS Digital Library Design Research Quarterly DRS Archive 1-10-2007 Design Research Quarterly Volume 2, Issue 4 Peter Storkerson Follow this and additional works at: https://dl.designresearchsociety.org/design-research-quarterly Recommended Citation Storkerson, Peter, "Design Research Quarterly Volume 2, Issue 4" (2007). Design Research Quarterly. 5. https://dl.designresearchsociety.org/design-research-quarterly/5 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the DRS Archive at DRS Digital Library. It has been accepted for inclusion in Design Research Quarterly by an authorized administrator of DRS Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Emerging Trends in Design Research V.2:4 October, 2007 www.designresearchsociety.org Design Research Society 12-15 November, 2007 ISSN 1752-8445 Hong Kong Polytechnic Confessions of a Journal Editor Jeffrey J. Williams Carnegie Mellon University Editor, Minnesota Review Want to know what an editor is really thinking when Table of Contents: he’s reading that article you submitted? Articles: It’s good that people can’t hear me it better. Nowadays there is very little 1 Confessions of a Journal Editor when I edit their writing. “Blah blah serious editing in academe. It’s a scan- Jeffrey J. Williams blah.” “Is this a garbled translation dal, and I think we should change it. (reprinted from The Chronicle of Higher from the Cyrolean?” “Did you reread Editing, like sending thank-you Education) your writing? I’m not your mother.” cards, is one of those things that every- “Urrrh.” It wouldn’t be polite. one acknowledges is a good idea but 4 DRS 2008 Conference: Undisciplined! I have edited a literary and cultur- that few people do.
    [Show full text]
  • Imagination and the Political in Design Participation Daniel Opazo, Matías Wolff, María José Araya
    Imagination and the Political in Design Participation Daniel Opazo, Matías Wolff, María José Araya Legitimacy within Design Participation: Between the What and the How of Design Many authors agree that the concern about participation within the design disciplines arose in the 1960s amid a climate of social 1 Henry Sanoff, Community Participation 1 Methods in Design and Planning (New changes in developed and developing countries. Besides this York: John Wiley and Sons, 2000); Mario strong social context, the emergence of design participation cannot Garcés, Tomando su Sitio: El Movimiento be fully explained without considering the development of the de Pobladores de Santiago, 1957–1970 design methods movement. Nigan Bayazit has explained how the (Santiago: LOM Ediciones, 2002). movement’s primary focus on optimization and rational decision 2 Nigan Bayazit, “Investigating Design: A Review of Forty Years of Design making later evolved into “user involvement in design decisions Research,” Design Issues 20, no. 1 and the identification of their objectives.”2 In fact, several scholars (Winter 2004): 21–22. have recognized the Design Research Society (DRS) conference of 3 Among them Bayazit, “Investigating 1971 to be an early milestone in the development of design partici- Design”; also see Yanki Lee, “Design pation theories and methods.3 Participation Tactics: Redefining User Participation in Design,” in Wonder- Since these early developments, there have been differences Ground 2006 DRS Conference (Lisbon: regarding the definitions and reach of design participation and IADE, 2006), 1–15. what participation actually implies. Regarding planning processes, 4 Sherry Arnstein, “A Ladder of Citizen Sherry Arnstein defined real participation to be citizen control,4 Participation,” Journal of the American while Reyner Banham stated that “do-it-yourself is the only real Institute of Planners 35, no.
    [Show full text]
  • DRS Conferences: Barometer and Mirror of Theoretical Reflection of Design Discipline
    Design Research Society DRS Digital Library DRS Biennial Conference Series DRS2018 - Catalyst Jun 25th, 12:00 AM DRS Conferences: barometer and mirror of theoretical reflection of design discipline Alejandra Poblete Universidad Technológica Metropolitana Follow this and additional works at: https://dl.designresearchsociety.org/drs-conference-papers Citation Poblete, A. (2018) DRS Conferences: barometer and mirror of theoretical reflection of design discipline, in Storni, C., Leahy, K., McMahon, M., Lloyd, P. and Bohemia, E. (eds.), Design as a catalyst for change - DRS International Conference 2018, 25-28 June, Limerick, Ireland. https://doi.org/10.21606/drs.2018.647 This Research Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Conference Proceedings at DRS Digital Library. It has been accepted for inclusion in DRS Biennial Conference Series by an authorized administrator of DRS Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DRS Conferences: barometer and mirror of theoretical reflection of design discipline POBLETE Alejandra Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana [email protected] doi: 10.21606/drs.2018.647 The so-called "Design Methods Movement" emerges in Europe in the late 1950s, connected with the on-going technological developments, and new theories –systems and problem solving– within an economic-social-cultural space where new productive-economic paradigms, new social demands, environmental issues, etc., will compel designers to deal with complexity, using methodological (ergo theoretical) tools. "Design Methods", different than "Scientific Method", will improve the approach to design process problems –a non-predetermined process; at the same time rational and creative. Design reflection will elaborate conceptual constructs that, today, have already gone beyond design discipline itself such as "design thinking" or "designerly ways of knowing".
    [Show full text]
  • Histories for Future - Focused Thinking
    Design Research Society DRS Digital Library DRS Biennial Conference Series DRS2016 - Future Focused Thinking Jun 17th, 12:00 AM Introduction: Design Research – History, Theory, Practice: Histories for Future - Focused Thinking Harriet Atkinson University of Brighton Maya Rae Oppenheimer Royal College of Art Follow this and additional works at: https://dl.designresearchsociety.org/drs-conference-papers Citation Atkinson, H., and Oppenheimer, M. (2016) Introduction: Design Research – History, Theory, Practice: Histories for Future - Focused Thinking, in Lloyd, P. and Bohemia, E. (eds.), Future Focussed Thinking - DRS International Conference 20236, 27 - 30 June, Brighton, United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.21606/ drs.2016.510 This Miscellaneous is brought to you for free and open access by the Conference Proceedings at DRS Digital Library. It has been accepted for inclusion in DRS Biennial Conference Series by an authorized administrator of DRS Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Introduction: Design Research – History, Theory, Practice: Histories for Future-Focused Thinking Harriet Atkinsona* and Maya Rae Oppenheimerb a University of Brighton b Royal College of Art *[email protected] DOI: 10.21606/drs.2016.510 Writing soon after the 1962 Conference on Design Methods at Imperial College - the event that led to the founding of the Design Research Society in 1966 – J.C. Jones and D.G. Thornley described the Conference’s purpose as twofold. Firstly, the event determined the parameters of a collective agenda and, secondly, it enabled discussions that would catalyse future developments in design methods work (Slann, 1963). Making no apology for the ‘breadth’ of collected papers from this meeting, Jones and Thornley’s edited volume contained several contributions including the work of Christopher Alexander, William Gosling, and Joseph Esherick, as well as Jones’s foundational essay, “A Method of Systematic Design”.
    [Show full text]
  • DTM Podcast #4 a Short History of Design Methods Show Notes And
    DTM Podcast #4: A Short History of Design Methods Show Notes Mieke talks to Peter about his knowledge of the history of design methods. She then discusses the interview with Annemiek van Boeijen, one of the editors for the Delft Design Guide, available in the IDE bookshop, with a second edition coming soon. Peter recently published a paper called: You make it and you try it out: Seeds of design discipline futures which presents the ideas he talks about in the podcast, describing the development of design methods from the early 1970’s to the present day. His inspiration is the classic Design methods: Seeds of human futures by John Chris Jones. The introduction to the 1980 edition of Jones’ book is especially interesting as it reflects on how his original methods were received, and illustrates how he embraced chance-based methods of design. Peter also mentions another well-known work in design methods called Dilemmas in a general theory of planning by Rittel and Webber in which they give 10 key characteristics that define design problems as ‘wicked’. This is a term that has recently become popular again as ideas about complexity in design have resurfaced. Peter mentions the conjecture – analysis model of designing which is described, along with other models of designing, in Models of the design process: Integrating across the disciplines by Norbert Roozenburg and Nigel Cross. Nigel Cross is one of the leading figures in current day design methods and a former Professor at Delft (he was also a major figure in the development of design thinking).
    [Show full text]
  • Science and Design Methodology: a Review
    Research in Research in Engineering Design (1993) 5: 63 69 Limited Q 1993 Springer-Verlag London Engineering Design Science and Design Methodology: A Review n Nigel Cross tr in DesignDiscipline,FacultyofTechnology,TheOpenUniversity,MiltonKeynesMKT6AA'UK 80.00 with ectly Design with a review of Previous Abstract. Design methodoloay has always seemed to haue a in Engineering problematic relationship with science. The "design methods research. ml1)ement" sfarted out with intentions of making design more "scientift'", but the more mature.fteld of design methodology and has resulted in clarifying the differences between design science. This paper reuiews the relatiuely short history of 2. A Brief Overview maps desiqn metl'todology and its relationship with science, and tries lut some o.f the major themes that haue sustained it, The origins of the emergence of new design methods the concepts o;f to establish some aqreed understanding .for in the 1950s and 1960s lay in the application of novel, of design' scientiJic: tlesign, tlesign sc:ience and the science "scientific" methods to the novel and pressing problems of the Second World War-from which Design science; Keywords. Design methodology; iame OR and management decision-making techni- Science of design ques-and in the development of creativity techniques in ttre t9S0s. (The latter was partly, in the USA, in response to the launch of the first sputnik, which seemed to convince American scientists and engineers that they lacked creativitY.) The new "design methods movement" developed I 1. Introduction through a series of conferences in the 1960s and ,1 1970s London, 1962 (Jones and Thornley 1963); years since the first - It is now more than thirty Birmingham, 1965 (Gregory 1966); Portsmouth, 1967 ito ( London in ons conference on design methods was held in 1969); Cambridge, Mass', 1969 I (Broadbent and Ward ad- 1963).
    [Show full text]