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Introducing Transdisciplinary Design Thinking in Early Undergraduate Education to Facilitate Collaboration and Innovation Edward Joseph Cupps Iowa State University

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Introducing Transdisciplinary Design Thinking in Early Undergraduate Education to Facilitate Collaboration and Innovation Edward Joseph Cupps Iowa State University Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Graduate Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2014 Introducing transdisciplinary design thinking in early undergraduate education to facilitate collaboration and innovation Edward Joseph Cupps Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd Part of the Graphic Design Commons Recommended Citation Cupps, Edward Joseph, "Introducing transdisciplinary design thinking in early undergraduate education to facilitate collaboration and innovation" (2014). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 13941. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/13941 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Introducing transdisciplinary design thinking in early undergraduate education to facilitate collaboration and innovation by Edward Joseph Cupps A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF FINE ARTS Major: Graphic Design Program of Study Committee: Roger E. Baer, Major Professor Sunghyun R. Kang Steven Herrnstadt Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2014 Copyright © Edward Joseph Cupps, 2014. All rights reserved. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................................... vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................................... viii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... x CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 1 1.1 - Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 - Purpose ............................................................................................................................................ 3 1.3 - Boundaries ....................................................................................................................................... 5 1.4 - Research Questions ......................................................................................................................... 5 1.4.1 - Overview ................................................................................................................................... 5 1.4.2 - Three Basic Questions ............................................................................................................... 7 1.5 - Definitions of Key Terminology .................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER 2 - REVIEW OF LITERATURE .......................................................................... 10 2.1 - Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 10 2.2 - Antecedents of Design Thinking .................................................................................................. 10 2.2.1 - Herbert Simon ......................................................................................................................... 11 2.2.2 - John Chris Jones ...................................................................................................................... 12 2.2.3 - Horst Rittel and Melvin Webber ............................................................................................. 13 2.2.4 - Nigel Cross .............................................................................................................................. 13 2.2.5 - Jay Doblin ............................................................................................................................... 14 2.2.6 - Donald Schon .......................................................................................................................... 15 2.2.7 - Richard Buchanan ................................................................................................................... 15 2.3 - Contemporary Design Thinking ................................................................................................. 16 2.3.1 - Tim Brown .............................................................................................................................. 16 2.3.2 - Roger Martin ........................................................................................................................... 22 2.4 - Additional Models ........................................................................................................................ 27 2.4.1 - IBM ......................................................................................................................................... 27 2.4.2 - Craig Vogel ............................................................................................................................. 28 2.4.3 - Jeff Patton ................................................................................................................................ 29 2.5 - Is This How Designers Think? .................................................................................................... 30 2.5.1 - Nigel Cross .............................................................................................................................. 31 2.5.2 - Bryan Lawson ......................................................................................................................... 33 2.6 - Design Thinking in Education ..................................................................................................... 37 2.6.1 - Models of Design Education ................................................................................................... 37 2.6.2 - d.School ................................................................................................................................... 38 iii 2.6.3 - Design Thinking for Educators ............................................................................................... 39 2.6.4 - Live Well Collaborative .......................................................................................................... 41 2.7 - Criticisms of Design Thinking ..................................................................................................... 42 2.7.1 - Donald Norman ....................................................................................................................... 42 2.7.2 - Bruce Nussbaum ..................................................................................................................... 43 2.7.3 - Donald Norman Redux ........................................................................................................... 44 2.8 - Design Thinking Side-by-Side ..................................................................................................... 45 2.9 - Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 45 CHAPTER 3 - METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................... 47 3.1 - Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 47 3.2 - Interviews with Educators & Professionals ............................................................................... 47 3.2.1 - Overview ................................................................................................................................. 47 3.2.2 - Goals ....................................................................................................................................... 48 3.2.3 - Research Methods ................................................................................................................... 48 3.2.3 - Analysis Methods .................................................................................................................... 49 3.3 - Observing the Undergraduate Design Process .......................................................................... 49 3.3.1 - Overview ................................................................................................................................. 49 3.3.2 - Goals ....................................................................................................................................... 50 3.3.3 - Research Methods ................................................................................................................... 50 3.3.4 - Implementation ....................................................................................................................... 53 3.3.5 - Analysis Method ..................................................................................................................... 54 3.4 - Personal Reflections on Using and Teaching Design Thinking
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