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Home , Alaska Day, American Creed, Bennington Battle Day, Casimir Pulaski Day, Confederate Memorial Day, Idaho Human Rights Day

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USA - The of America

Everyone has an opinion on the USA.

A main player on the world stage, the United States is constantly under the global media spotlight. Whatever your stance, you cannot deny that this North American nation has a lot to offer in terms of diversity; from the creaking depths of the Grand Canyon to the towering heights of Manhattan’s Empire State Building, the luscious tropical forests of Hawaii to the chiselled faces of , all fifty states are scattered with gasp-worthy natural wonders and impressive man-made marvels.

The unrivalled entertainment capital of the world, the USA is bursting with theme parks, sports venues, and theatres. The turquoise waves of surf capital and ski resorts of the snow-cloaked Rocky Mountains in Colorado provide ample excuses for adrenalin junkies to explore, whilst the palm-lined beaches of laid-back Miami and sweeping pastures of the Oklahoma prairies offer true relaxation.

“Oh beautiful, for spacious skies, for amber waves of grain, for purple mountain majesties above the fruited plain.” The beloved patriotic song “” hints at some of the country’s diverse, majestic landscape, which is certainly one of many reasons to visit the US but there are so many others.

From its vast plains, snow-covered mountains, deep forests and strange rock formations, to soaring skyscrapers and a thunderous cultural scene, the USA is a collage of extremes. Nothing can prepare you for your first glimpse of Manhattan’s unforgettable skyline, your first ride in a yellow cab, the ubiquitous hamburger joints, yawning expanses of prairie, the sweet strains of jazz, or the neon-lit excesses of Las Vegas.

When it comes to the natural landscape, you’re hard pressed to find an area more diverse. Marvel at the thunderous spectacle of 12,000-year-old Niagara Falls in northern New York, or seek an antidote to urban chaos amidst the flat farmland of the Midwest. Then there are the black hills of South Dakota, the dramatic mountain and ocean landscape of California’s Pacific Coast Highway and of course, there’s the world-famous Grand Canyon, just one of the 397 parks in the National Parks systems.

There’s the manmade landscape, too, which is as impressive as the natural. Though New York City is the most densely populated with soaring skyscrapers, including the iconic Chrysler Building and Empire State Building, other cities have admirable architecture as well, including ’s Sears Tower, and of course, the in DC.

OSS World Wide Movers - USA - The United States of America Destination Guide 1 Sydney (+61 2) 8825 9300 Melbourne (+61 3) 9799 5800 Brisbane (+61 7) 3348 2500 www.ossworldwidemovers.com

The United States Geography

The land area of the contiguous United States is 2,959,064 square miles (7,663,941 km2). , separated from the contiguous United States by Canada, is the largest state at 663,268 square miles (1,717,856 km2). Hawaii, occupying an archipelago in the central Pacific, southwest of North America, is 10,931 square miles (28,311 km2) in area.

The United States is the world’s third or fourth largest nation by total area (land and water), ranking behind Russia and Canada and just above or below China. The ranking varies depending on how two territories disputed by China and India are counted and how the total size of the United States is measured: calculations range from 3,676,486 square miles (9,522,055 km2) to 3,717,813 square miles (9,629,091 km2) to 3,794,101 square miles (9,826,676 km2). measured by only land area, the United States is third in size behind Russia and China, just ahead of Canada.

The United States Facts

USA Facts Full country name: United States of America

Area: 9,629,091sq. km

Population: 318,622,000

People: 77.7% White 13.2% African American 5.3% Asian 2.4% Multiracial (2 or more) 0.2% Native Hawaiian & Pacific Islander 1.2% American Indian & Alaska Native 17.1% Hispanic/Latino (of any race) 82.9%Non-Hispanic/Latino (of any race)

Language: English, Spanish, Chinese, Tagalog, Vietnamese, French, Korean and German

Religion: Christian, Judaism, Buddhism, Islam and Hinduism

Government: Federal presidential constitutional republic

President:

Vice President: Joe Biden

Major industries: Transportation equipment, natural resources, agriculture and consumer products.

Major trading partners: Canada, China, Mexico, Japan and Germany

Health risks: None

Time: (UTC−5 to −10) and (UTC−4 to −10[d]) summer DST

Electricity: 120 volts AC, 60Hz. Plugs have two flat pins with or without a third round grounding pin.

County code: + 1

Mobile Phone network: GSM

Weights & measures: Metric with local variations

The United States is the world’s third or fourth largest nation by total area (land and water), ranking behind Russia and Canada and just above or below China. The ranking varies depending on how two territories disputed by China and India are counted and how the total size of the United States is measured: calculations range from 3,676,486 square miles (9,522,055 km2) to 3,717,813 square miles (9,629,091 km2) to 3,794,101 square miles (9,826,676 km2). Measured by only land area, the United States is third in size behind Russia and China, just ahead of Canada.

OSS World Wide Movers - USA - The United States of America Destination Guide 2 Sydney (+61 2) 8825 9300 Melbourne (+61 3) 9799 5800 Brisbane (+61 7) 3348 2500 www.ossworldwidemovers.com

The coastal plain of the Atlantic seaboard gives way further inland to deciduous forests and the rolling hills of the Piedmont. The Appalachian Mountains divide the eastern seaboard from the Great Lakes and the grasslands of the Midwest. The – River, the world’s fourth longest river system, runs mainly north–south through the heart of the country. The flat, fertile prairie of the Great Plains stretches to the west, interrupted by a highland region in the southeast.

The Rocky Mountains, at the western edge of the Great Plains, extend north to south across the country, reaching altitudes higher than 14,000 feet (4,300 m) in Colorado. Farther west are the rocky Great Basin and deserts such as the Chihuahua and Mojave. The Sierra Nevada and Cascade mountain ranges run close to the Pacific coast, both ranges reaching altitudes higher than 14,000 feet (4,300 m). The lowest and highest points in the continental United States are in the state of California, and only about 80 miles (130 km) apart. At 20,320 feet (6,194 m), Alaska’s Mount McKinley is the tallest peak in the country and in North America.

Active volcanoes are common throughout Alaska’s Alexander and Aleutian Islands, and Hawaii consists of volcanic islands. The super volcano underlying Yellowstone National Park in the Rockies is the continent’s largest volcanic feature. The United States, with its large size and geographic variety, includes most climate types. To the east of the 100th meridian, the climate ranges from humid continental in the north to humid subtropical in the south. The southern tip of is tropical, as is Hawaii. The Great Plains west of the 100th meridian are semi-arid. Much of the Western mountains are alpine. The climate is arid in the Great Basin, desert in the Southwest, Mediterranean in coastal California, and oceanic in coastal and Washington and southern Alaska. Most of Alaska is subarctic or polar. Extreme weather is not uncommon—the states bordering the Gulf of Mexico are prone to hurricanes, and most of the world’s tornadoes occur within the country, mainly in the Midwest’s Tornado Alley.

The U.S. ecology is considered “mega diverse”: about 17,000 species of vascular plants occur in the contiguous United States and Alaska, and over 1,800 species of flowering plants are found in Hawaii, few of which occur on the mainland. The United States is home to more than 400 mammal, 750 bird, and 500 reptile and amphibian species. About 91,000 insect species have been described. The is both the national bird and national animal of the United States, and is an enduring symbol of the country itself.

The United States Culture

The United States is home to many cultures and a wide variety of ethnic groups, traditions, and values. Aside from the relatively small Native American and Native Hawaiian populations, nearly all Americans or their ancestors settled or immigrated within the past five centuries. Mainstream American culture is a Western culture largely derived from the traditions of European immigrants with influences from many other sources, such as traditions brought by slaves from Africa. More recent immigration from Asia and especially Latin America has added to a cultural mix that has been described as both a homogenizing melting pot, and a heterogeneous salad bowl in which immigrants and their descendants retain distinctive cultural characteristics.

Core American culture was established by Protestant British colonists and shaped by the frontier settlement process, with the traits derived passed down to descendants and transmitted to immigrants through assimilation. Americans have traditionally been characterized by a strong work ethic, competitiveness, and individualism, as well as a unifying belief in an “” emphasizing liberty, equality, private property, democracy, rule of law, and a preference for limited government. Americans are extremely charitable by global standards. According to a 2006 British study, Americans gave 1.67% of GDP to charity, more than any other nation studied, more than twice the second place British figure of 0.73%, and around twelve times the French figure of 0.14%.

The American Dream, or the perception that Americans enjoy high social mobility, plays a key role in attracting immigrants. Whether this perception is realistic has been a topic of debate. While mainstream culture holds that the United States is a classless society, scholars

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identify significant differences between the country’s social classes, affecting socialization, language, and values. Americans’ self-images, social viewpoints, and cultural expectations are associated with their occupations to an unusually close degree. While Americans tend greatly to value socioeconomic achievement, being ordinary or average is generally seen as a positive attribute.

Religion in the United States

The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution guarantees the free exercise of religion and forbids Congress from passing laws respecting its establishment. Christianity is by far the most common religion practiced in the U.S., but other religions are followed, too. In a 2013 survey, 56% of Americans said that religion played a “very important role in their lives”, a far higher figure than that of any other wealthy nation. In a 2009 Gallup poll 42% of Americans said that they attended church weekly or almost weekly; the figures ranged from a low of 23% in Vermont to a high of 63% in Mississippi. As with other Western countries, the U.S. is becoming less religious. Irreligion is growing rapidly among Americans under 30. Polls show that overall American confidence in organized religion is declining and that younger Americans in particular are becoming increasingly irreligious.

According to a 2012 survey, 73% of adults identified themselves as Christian, down from 86.4% in 1990.Protestant denominations accounted for 48%, while Roman Catholicism, at 22%, was the largest individual denomination. The total reporting non-Christian religions in 2012 was 6%, up from 4% in 2007. Other religions include Judaism (1.7%), Buddhism (0.7%), Islam (0.6%), Hinduism (0.4%), and Unitarian Universalism (0.3%). The survey also reported that 19.6% of Americans described themselves as agnostic, atheist or simply having no religion, up from 8.2% in 1990. There are also Baha’i, Sikh, Jain, Shinto, Confucian, Taoist, Druid, Native American, Wiccan, humanist and deist communities.

Language in the United States

English (American English) is the de facto national language. Although there is no official language at the federal level, some laws—such as U.S. naturalization requirements—standardize English. In 2010, about 230 million, or 80% of the population aged five years and older, spoke only English at home. Spanish, spoken by 12% of the population at home, is the second most common language and the most widely taught second language. Some Americans advocate making English the country’s official language, as it is in at least 28 states.

Both Hawaiian and English are official languages in Hawaii, by state law. While neither has an official language, New Mexico has laws providing for the use of both English and Spanish, as does for English and French. Other states, such as California, mandate the publication of Spanish versions of certain government documents including court forms. Many jurisdictions with large numbers of non-English speakers produce government materials, especially voting information, in the most commonly spoken languages in those jurisdictions.

OSS World Wide Movers - USA - The United States of America Destination Guide 4 Sydney (+61 2) 8825 9300 Melbourne (+61 3) 9799 5800 Brisbane (+61 7) 3348 2500 www.ossworldwidemovers.com

Events and Public Holidays

Public Holidays Date name Holiday type Where it is observed

Jan 1 New Year's Day National holiday

Jan 6 Christian

Jan 7 Orthodox Day Orthodox

Jan 13 Stephen Foster Observance

Jan 14 The Prophet's Birthday Muslim

Jan 14 Orthodox New Year Orthodox

Jan 16 Tu Bishvat/Tu B'Shevat Jewish holiday

Jan 17 Lee Jackson Day State holiday

Jan 19 Robert E Lee's Birthday State holiday Florida

Jan 19 State holiday

Jan 20 Martin Luther King Day National holiday

Jan 20 Robert E Lee's Birthday State holiday AL, AR, MS

Jan 20 State holiday Idaho

Jan 20 Civil Rights Day State holiday Arizona, New Hampshire

Jan 29 Observance

Jan 31 Observance

Feb 1 Observance

Feb 2 Observance

Feb 4 Day Local observance California,

Feb 7 National Wear Red Day Observance

Feb 12 Lincoln's Birthday State holiday CT, IL, MO, NJ, NY

Feb 12 Lincoln's Birthday Local observance Florida

Feb 14 Valentine's Day Observance

Feb 15 Susan B Anthony's Birthday Local observance CA, FL, NY, WI

Feb 17 Presidents' Day (Washington's Birthday) National holiday

Feb 17 Daisy Gatson Bates Day State holiday Arkansas

Mar 1 St. David's Day Observance

Mar 2 State holiday Texas

Mar 3 Day State holiday

Mar 3 Read Across America Day Observance

Mar 4 / Observance

Mar 4 Shrove Tuesday/Mardi Gras Local observance Florida

Mar 4 Shrove Tuesday/Mardi Gras State holiday , Louisiana

Mar 4 Town Meeting Day Vermont State holiday

Mar 5 Christian

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Mar 9 Daylight Saving Time starts Clock change/Daylight Saving Time

Mar 16 Jewish holiday

Mar 17 St. Patrick's Day Observance

Mar 17 Evacuation Day State holiday Massachusetts

Mar 20 equinox Season

Mar 25 Maryland Day Local observance Maryland

Mar 26 Prince Jonah Kuhio Kalanianaole Day State holiday Hawaii

Mar 31 Seward's Day State holiday Alaska

Mar 31 César Chávez Day State holiday CA, CO*, TX*

Apr 2 Day Local observance Florida

Apr 6 National Tartan Day Observance

Apr 13 Christian

Apr 13 's Birthday Observance

Apr 15 (first day) Jewish holiday

Apr 15 Tax Day Observance

Apr 15 Father Damien Day Local observance Hawaii

Apr 15 National Library Workers' Day Observance

Apr 16 State holiday District of Columbia

Apr 17 Christian

Apr 18 Orthodox Orthodox

Apr 18 Good Friday State holiday 13 states

Apr 19 Holy Saturday Christian

Apr 19 Orthodox Holy Saturday Orthodox

Apr 20 Orthodox Orthodox

Apr 20 Easter Sunday Observance, Christian

Apr 21 Orthodox Orthodox

Apr 21 Easter Monday Christian

Apr 21 Patriot's Day State holiday Maine, Massachusetts

Apr 21 State holiday Texas

Apr 22 Last Day of Passover Jewish holiday

Apr 22 Oklahoma Day Local observance Oklahoma

Apr 23 Administrative Professionals Day Observance

Apr 25 Arbor Day State holiday Nebraska

Apr 26 Confederate Memorial Day Local observance Florida

Apr 28 Yom HaShoah Jewish holiday

Apr 28 Confederate Memorial Day State holiday AL, FL, GA

Apr 28 Confederate Memorial Day State holiday Mississippi

May 1 Observance

May 1 Observance

May 1 of Prayer Observance

OSS World Wide Movers - USA - The United States of America Destination Guide 6 Sydney (+61 2) 8825 9300 Melbourne (+61 3) 9799 5800 Brisbane (+61 7) 3348 2500 www.ossworldwidemovers.com

May 3 National Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Day Observance

May 4 Rhode Island Independence Day State holiday Rhode Island

May 5 Observance

May 6 Yom Ha'atzmaut Jewish holiday

May 6 National Nurses Day Observance

May 6 Primary Election Day Indiana State holiday Indiana

May 8 Day State holiday Missouri

May 9 Confederate Memorial Day observed State holiday

May 10 Confederate Memorial Day State holiday , South Carolina

May 11 Mothers' Day Observance

May 13 Primary Election Day State holiday West Virginia

May 15 Peace Officers Memorial Day Observance

May 16 National Defense Transportation Day Observance

May 17 Armed Forces Day Observance

May 18 Lag BaOmer Jewish holiday

May 21 Emergency Medical Services for Children Day Observance

May 22 National Maritime Day Observance

May 22 Local observance California

May 25 National Missing Children's Day Observance

May 26 Memorial Day National holiday

May 26 Birthday Local observance Mississippi

May 27 Isra and Mi'raj Muslim

May 29 Ascension Day Christian

Jun 1 Local observance ,

Jun 2 Jefferson Davis Birthday State holiday Alabama

Jun 3 Jefferson Davis Birthday Local observance Florida

Jun 4 Jewish holiday

Jun 6 D-Day Observance

Jun 8 Christian

Jun 9 Whit Monday Christian

Jun 11 Kamehameha Day State holiday Hawaii

Jun 14 Observance

Jun 14 Flag Day Local observance Florida

Jun 15 Trinity Sunday Christian

Jun 15 Fathers' Day Observance

Jun 17 Bunker Hill Day State holiday Massachusetts

Jun 19 Corpus Christi Christian

Jun 19 Local observance All except Am. Samoa, AZ, HI, MD, MP, MT, ND, NH, SD,UT, Virg. Is., Wake Is.

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Jun 20 State holiday West Virginia

Jun 21 Solstice Season

Jun 29 starts Muslim

Jul 4 Independence Day National holiday

Jul 24 Lailat al-Qadr Muslim

Jul 24 State holiday Utah

Jul 27 Parents' Day Observance

Jul 29 Eid al-Fitr Muslim

Aug 1 Colorado Day Local observance Colorado

Aug 5 Tisha B'Av Jewish holiday

Aug 11 Victory Day State holiday Rhode Island

Aug 15 Christian

Aug 15 Statehood Day in Hawaii State holiday Hawaii

Aug 15 observed State holiday Vermont

Aug 16 Bennington Battle Day State holiday Vermont

Aug 19 Observance

Aug 21 Senior Citizens Day Observance

Aug 27 Lyndon Baines Johnson Day State holiday Texas

Sep 1 National holiday

Sep 6 Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day Observance

Sep 7 National Grandparents Day Observance

Sep 9 California Admission Day Local observance California

Sep 11 Observance

Sep 17 Constitution Day and Citizenship Day Observance

Sep 19 National POW/MIA Recognition Day Observance

Sep 22 Emancipation Day Local observance Ohio

Sep 23 September equinox Season

Sep 25 Rosh Hashana Jewish holiday

Sep 26 Native Americans' Day Local observance California, Washington

Sep 28 Gold Star Mother's Day Observance

Oct 4 Feast of St Francis of Assisi Christian

Oct 4 Jewish holiday

Oct 5 Eid al-Adha Muslim

Oct 6 Observance

Oct 9 First Day of Jewish holiday

Oct 9 Observance

Oct 13 National holiday All except AK, AR, CA, DE, FL, HI, NV, OR, SD, TX, WA

Oct 13 Columbus Day Local observance Florida

Oct 13 Native Americans' Day Local observance South Dakota

OSS World Wide Movers - USA - The United States of America Destination Guide 8 Sydney (+61 2) 8825 9300 Melbourne (+61 3) 9799 5800 Brisbane (+61 7) 3348 2500 www.ossworldwidemovers.com

Oct 13 Indigenous People's Day Local observance California

Oct 15 Last Day of Sukkot Jewish holiday

Oct 15 Observance

Oct 16 Shmini Atzeret Jewish holiday

Oct 16 Boss's Day Observance

Oct 17 Jewish holiday

Oct 17 observed State holiday Alaska

Oct 18 Alaska Day State holiday Alaska

Oct 23 /Deepavali Observance

Oct 25 Muharram Muslim

Oct 31 Observance

Oct 31 State holiday Nevada

Nov 1 All Saints' Day Christian

Nov 2 All Souls' Day Christian

Nov 2 Daylight Saving Time ends Clock change/Daylight Saving Time

Nov 4 Election Day State holiday 12 states

Nov 5 Election Day State holiday New York

Nov 6 Return Day Delaware State holiday Delaware

Nov 11 National holiday

Nov 27 Thanksgiving Day National holiday

Nov 28 Robert E Lee's Birthday State holiday

Nov 28 Presidents' Day State holiday New Mexico

Nov 28 Lincoln's Birthday/Lincoln's Day State holiday Indiana, West Virginia

Nov 28 State holiday 21 states

Nov 28 American Indian Heritage Day State holiday Maryland

Nov 30 First Sunday of Advent Christian

Dec 1 Cyber Monday Observance

Dec 6 St Nicholas' Day Observance

Dec 7 Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day Observance

Dec 8 Feast of the Christian

Dec 12 Feast of Our Lady of Guadalupe Observance

Dec 17 Chanukah/ (first day) Jewish holiday

Dec 17 Pan American Aviation Day Observance

Dec 17 Day Observance

Dec 21 Solstice Season

Dec 24 Last Day of Chanukah Jewish holiday

Dec 24 State holiday KS*, LA, MI, NC, ND, OK, SC, TX, VA*, WI

Dec 24 Christmas Eve Observance, Christian

Dec 25 Christmas Day National holiday, Christian

OSS World Wide Movers - USA - The United States of America Destination Guide 9 Sydney (+61 2) 8825 9300 Melbourne (+61 3) 9799 5800 Brisbane (+61 7) 3348 2500 www.ossworldwidemovers.com

Dec 26 (until Jan 1) Observance

Dec 26 Day After Christmas Day State holiday KS, KY, NC, NH, SC, TX, VA

Dec 26 Washington's Birthday State holiday Indiana

Dec 31 New Year's Eve State holiday LA, MI, WI

Dec 31 New Year's Eve Observance

General Information

Office hours Business hours are officially Mon-Fri 0900-1730, although an extended working day is very common in certain sectors and it is not unusual for people to be working well into the night or over the weekend.

Economy The US economy is the world’s largest, most technologically powerful and diverse. Distinct benefits arise from a unique combination of mass immigration, technological and marketing innovations, vast natural resources, expansion of international trade, historical fortune and an economic system designed to reinforce professional and personal enterprise.

The enormous influence of US-based multinational companies within the world economy affords unparalleled global influence and allows its currency unique international status.

Large areas of the USA, particularly in the Midwest, are under cultivation and produce a wide range of commodities: important are cotton, grain and tobacco, all exported on a large scale. Principal mining operations produce oil, gas, coal, copper, iron, uranium and silver. US industry leads in steel production, automotive manufacturing, aerospace technology, telecommunications, chemical engineering, electronics, computer-based commerce and manufactured goods.

The largest employment is in the service sector, finance, leisure and tourism. The unemployment rate in 2011 was 9.1%, with growth at 2.5% and inflation at 3%.

If for no other reason than its role in the world economy, the USA is an important conference destination; there are state, city and regional travel and convention organisations in every part of the country, each actively promoting its own assets. There are several magazines aimed at helping the conference organiser; they include Meeting & Conventions Magazine (www.mcmag.com),Successful Meetings Magazine (www.successfulmeetings.com) and Association Meetings Magazine(www.meetingsnet.com). Three of the largest convention and trade show venues in the USA are Las Vegas, New York and Chicago, with Las Vegas holding the top position for a number of years.

Organisers interested in US venues should contact the US Travel Association (www.ustravel.org) or the travel organisations listed in the individual state sections. In addition to the state organisations, addresses of travel and convention organisations for cities and counties are also included.

Telephone For emergency police, fire or medical services in major cities, dial 911. The following codes denote toll-free (free phone) numbers: 800, 855, 866, 877 and 888.

OSS World Wide Movers - USA - The United States of America Destination Guide 10 Sydney (+61 2) 8825 9300 Melbourne (+61 3) 9799 5800 Brisbane (+61 7) 3348 2500 www.ossworldwidemovers.com

Mobile phone Foreign mobile telephones only work if they are tri-band or quad-band; charges are high. Visitors can also hire a mobile telephone. Pre-pay cell phones can be purchased from a variety of retail outlets, including drug stores.

Internet There are internet cafés in most urban areas, and an increasing number of Wi-Fi hotspots. Many coffee shops offer free Wi-Fi. Many of the international airports offer internet access too.

Post There are numerous post offices throughout the states. Stamps can also be bought at stamp machines in hotels and shops. Airmail to Europe takes up to one week.

Post office hours Mon-Fri 0830-1630.

Media Freedom of expression in the US is guaranteed by the constitution. The USA has the most highly developed mass media in the world. Public broadcasting is partly government-funded, but also supported by private grants.

Press Freedom of expression in the US is guaranteed by the constitution. The USA has the most highly developed mass media in the world, publishing more newspapers than any other country. Public broadcasting is partly government-funded, but also supported by private grants. High readership papers include Los Angeles Times and The New York Times. The Wall Street Journal, USA Today and the Washington Post are also popular. The high degree of self-government of each state means newspapers tend to be region specific. Top TV networks include ABC (American Broadcasting Corporation), CBS (Columbia Broadcasting System), CNN (Cable News Network), FOX (Fox Television Network) and NBC (National Broadcasting Corporation). National radio networks include ABC Radio Networks, National Public Radio, Fox News Radio and CBS operates Westwood One and American Radio Network.

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