THE CHINESE MAFIA Ii
i THE CHINESE MAFIA ii CLARENDON STUDIES IN CRIMINOLOGY Published under the auspices of the Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge; the Mannheim Centre, London School of Economics; and the Centre for Criminology, University of Oxford. General Editors: Jill Peay and Tim Newburn (London School of Economics) Editors: Loraine Gelsthorpe, Alison Liebling, Kyle Treiber, and Per- Olof Wikström (University of Cambridge) Coretta Phillips and Robert Reiner (London School of Economics) Mary Bosworth, Carolyn Hoyle, Ian Loader, and Lucia Zedner (University of Oxford) RECENT TITLES IN THIS SERIES: Dirty Money: On Financial Delinquency Ruggiero Reinventing Punishment: A Comparative History of Criminology and Penology in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries Pifferi Taking Care of Business: Police Detectives, Drug Law Enforcement and Proactive Investigation Bacon The Politics of Police Detention in Japan: Consensus of Convenience Croydon Dangerous Politics: Risk, Political Vulnerability, and Penal Policy Annison iii The Chinese Mafia Organized Crime, Corruption, and Extra- legal Protection PENG WANG 1 iv 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries © Peng Wang 2017 The moral rights of the author have been asserted First Edition published in 2017 Impression: 1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization.
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