[Nuremberg] Military Tribunal, Indictments
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PURL: G S Lili II a R Y OP EVENTS
No. XXVII. April 21st 1947. UNITED NATIONS WAR CRIMES (VM/TSSICN. (Research Office). W A R CRIMES O V 3 DIGEST. ¿"NOTBî The above title replaces that of Press News Sunmary used in the early numbers of this eries. For internal circulation to the Commission.^ CONTENTS. SUMMARY OP EVENTS. Page. EUROPE. 1. PURL: https://www.legal-tools.org/doc/0556af/ G S lili II A R Y OP EVENTS. 5UH0PE. A U S T R I A. Investigations into suspected cases of war ori^«?. Lina radio reported (1 0 ,4«47) that under the jurisdiction of the five People's Courts in Upper Austria and Salzburg - the region of the Linz Chief Public Rrosecutor' s Office - 5,157 preliminary investigations were being nado into cases of suspected war crine3 and underground nenborshi^ of the Nazi party. About 500 trials wore begun la3t year; 342 being ccncludod, two with death sent ences and ll6 with acquittals. Arrests. 7icner Zeitung reported (1,4*47) that the Innsbruck police had arrested the former SS Ob ers turn führer Richard. KORNHERR. CZECHOSLOVAKIA. The Tiso Trial, (see Ho, XXVI, p.2 of this Digest) The Daily Telegraph reported free Prague (16,4.47) that Josef TISO, former President of Slovakia during the German occupation, had been sentenced by the People's Court in Bratislava to death by hanging, Ferdinand DURCANSKY, his former Foreign Kinister, received a similar sentence. During his trial TISO admitted giving military aid to the Germans but denied signing a declaration of \ war on Britain and the United States, Sentence on a Gestapo Official, An Agency message reported frcm Berlin (7 .2 ,4 7 ) that Karel DUCHGN, described, as the most cruel Gestapo man in Olcmouc, had been sentenced to death by the Olccnouc People's Court, He took part in the killing of 21 people in a May 1945 rising and persecuted Slovak partisans. -
Zabe Hilde BA-N HJ - BDM Gruppenführerin V Litochovicích O
Zabe Herta BA-N HJ - BDM (Untergauführerin Glaube u. Schönheit v Litochovicích o. Litoměřice); Zabe Hilde BA-N HJ - BDM Gruppenführerin v Litochovicích o. Litoměřice; Zabejschek Rosa, roz. Hanreich BA-N nar. 13. 3. 1914 Tracht b. Nikolsburg, bytem Schlock o. Bärn; učitelský ústav v Brně, učitelka; BdD, DKV, NSF, NSV (Hilfsstellenleiterin f. Mutter u. Kind), NSLB; Prameny: NA Praha 123 - 748 - 4; Zabel Alfred BA-N NSDAP (OG L v OG Nixdorf I. o. Rumburg); Prameny: NA Praha 123 - 769 - 6; Zabel Anton BA-N nar. 5. 3. 1886 Niedergrund b. Warnsdorf, bytem Rumburk; 1935 SdP č. 311 703, 1. 11. 1938 NSDAP č. 6 694 650 (15. IV. - XII. 1940 BL - Stellvertreter v OG Rumburg - Nord), NSV (Wirtschaftsleiter KLV Lager v Thamühl am See „Annahof“); Prameny: NA Praha 123 - 743 - 2; Zabel Josef BA-N nar. 18. 3. 1900 Krásná Lípa o. Rumburk, bytem tamtéž; dělník, topič; 1936 SdP, 1. 11. 1938 NSDAP (BL); Zabel Marianne BA-N NSDAP, NSF (Geschäftsführerin v KL tetschen); Prameny: NA Praha 123 - 772 - 4; Zabel Paul BA-N nar. 17. 1. 1899, bytem Rumburg; učitel; 1. 11. 1938 NSDAP č. 6 694 651 (OGS v OG Rumburg I. - Nord), SA Sturmmann; Prameny: NA Praha 123 - 783 - 3; Zaber Anton BA-N nar. 5. 12. 1889 Unterreichenau, bytem tamtéž; malíř a lakýrník, pensista; DNSAP, SA, NSDStB, NSV (od VII. 1939 BW v OG Untereichenau I. ); Zabotetsky Elsa BA-N nar. 9. 3. 1890, bytem Rumburk; 1. 11. 1938 NSDAP, Beauftragterin f. Haus - u. Volkswirtschaft; Zabotetsky Julius BA-N nar. 3. 9. 1883, bytem Rumburk; 1. -
The German-American Bund: Fifth Column Or
-41 THE GERMAN-AMERICAN BUND: FIFTH COLUMN OR DEUTSCHTUM? THESIS Presented to the Graduate Council of the North Texas State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS By James E. Geels, B. A. Denton, Texas August, 1975 Geels, James E., The German-American Bund: Fifth Column or Deutschtum? Master of Arts (History), August, 1975, 183 pp., bibliography, 140 titles. Although the German-American Bund received extensive press coverage during its existence and monographs of American politics in the 1930's refer to the Bund's activities, there has been no thorough examination of the charge that the Bund was a fifth column organization responsible to German authorities. This six-chapter study traces the Bund's history with an emphasis on determining the motivation of Bundists and the nature of the relationship between the Bund and the Third Reich. The conclusions are twofold. First, the Third Reich repeatedly discouraged the Bundists and attempted to dissociate itself from the Bund. Second, the Bund's commitment to Deutschtum through its endeavors to assist the German nation and the Third Reich contributed to American hatred of National Socialism. TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page I. INTRODUCTION... ....... 1 II. DEUTSCHTUM.. ......... 14 III. ORIGIN AND IMAGE OF THE GERMAN- ... .50 AMERICAN BUND............ IV. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BUND AND THE THIRD REICH....... 82 V. INVESTIGATION OF THE BUND. 121 VI. CONCLUSION.. ......... 161 APPENDIX....... .............. ..... 170 BIBLIOGRAPHY......... ........... -
Der Exempelkandidat. Die Dresdner Bank Und Der Nürnberger Prozess Gegen Karl Rasche
637 Nach 1945 gerieten auch die Vorstände und Aufsichtsräte der deutschen Groß banken in das Visier der amerikanischen Militärregierung. Sie galten als potentielle Kriegs verbrecher. Angeklagt und verurteilt wurde aber nur ein einziger Bankier, der ehemalige Vorstandssprecher der Dresdner Bank, Karl Rasche, der zugleich als Repräsentant der Bank und politische Symbolfigur büßen musste. Ralf Ahrens beleuchtet die Hintergründe dieses Strafprozesses, der schließlich zum historischen Tribunal wurde, und er themati siert die Interessengegensätze von Rasche und seinen früheren Vorstandskollegen, die sich nach dem Prozess in Rasches Ausgrenzung aus der deutschen Bankierselite fort setzten. Ralf Ahrens Der Exempelkandidat Die Dresdner Bank und der Nürnberger Prozess gegen Karl Rasche Die zwölf Nürnberger „Nachfolgeprozesse", welche die USA nach dem Internatio nalen Militärtribunal gegen die Hauptkriegsverbrecher (IMT) in alleiniger Regie durchführten, demonstrierten vielleicht am augenfälligsten den amerikanischen Anspruch, nicht bei der militärischen Zerschlagung des Dritten Reichs stehen zu bleiben. Diese Prozesse zielten nicht nur auf die individuelle Bestrafung beson ders belasteter Täter, sondern darüber hinaus auf eine öffentliche Demonstration der Mitverantwortung deutscher Funktionseliten für die Verbrechen des NS- Regimes1. Dass diese Zielsetzung gerade auch die private Wirtschaft umfasste, belegen die drei Industriellenprozesse gegen Manager der Flick-, Krupp- und I. G.-Farben-Konzerne. Die deutschen Großbanken aber blieben bis auf eine Per son von der Anklage verschont: Allein Karl Rasche, der ehemalige Vorstandsspre- cher der Dresdner Bank, fand sich schließlich im Fall 11, dem „Wilhelmstraßen- Prozess", vor einem Nürnberger Tribunal wieder und wurde wegen seines SS- Ehrenrangs sowie seiner Beteiligung an der Ausbeutung der tschechischen und niederländischen Wirtschaft zu sieben Jahren Haft verurteilt. 1 Vgl. im Überblick Klaus-Dietmar Henke, Die Trennung vom Nationalsozialismus. -
American Intelligence and the Question of Hitler's Death
American Intelligence and the Question of Hitler’s Death Undergraduate Research Thesis Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with honors research distinction in History in the Undergraduate colleges of The Ohio State University by Kelsey Mullen The Ohio State University November 2014 Project Advisor: Professor Alice Conklin, Department of History Project Mentor: Doctoral Candidate Sarah K. Douglas, Department of History American Intelligence and the Question of Hitler’s Death 2 Introduction The fall of Berlin marked the end of the European theatre of the Second World War. The Red Army ravaged the city and laid much of it to waste in the early days of May 1945. A large portion of Hitler’s inner circle, including the Führer himself, had been holed up in the Führerbunker underneath the old Reich Chancellery garden since January of 1945. Many top Nazi Party officials fled or attempted to flee the city ruins in the final moments before their destruction at the Russians’ hands. When the dust settled, the German army’s capitulation was complete. There were many unanswered questions for the Allies of World War II following the Nazi surrender. Invading Russian troops, despite recovering Hitler’s body, failed to disclose this fact to their Allies when the battle ended. In September of 1945, Dick White, the head of counter intelligence in the British zone of occupation, assigned a young scholar named Hugh Trevor- Roper to conduct an investigation into Hitler’s last days in order to refute the idea the Russians promoted and perpetuated that the Führer had escaped.1 Major Trevor-Roper began his investigation on September 18, 1945 and presented his conclusions to the international press on November 1, 1945. -
Guides to German Records Microfilmed at Alexandria, Va
GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA. No. 32. Records of the Reich Leader of the SS and Chief of the German Police (Part I) The National Archives National Archives and Records Service General Services Administration Washington: 1961 This finding aid has been prepared by the National Archives as part of its program of facilitating the use of records in its custody. The microfilm described in this guide may be consulted at the National Archives, where it is identified as RG 242, Microfilm Publication T175. To order microfilm, write to the Publications Sales Branch (NEPS), National Archives and Records Service (GSA), Washington, DC 20408. Some of the papers reproduced on the microfilm referred to in this and other guides of the same series may have been of private origin. The fact of their seizure is not believed to divest their original owners of any literary property rights in them. Anyone, therefore, who publishes them in whole or in part without permission of their authors may be held liable for infringement of such literary property rights. Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 58-9982 AMERICA! HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION COMMITTEE fOR THE STUDY OP WAR DOCUMENTS GUIDES TO GERMAN RECOBDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXAM)RIA, VA. No* 32» Records of the Reich Leader of the SS aad Chief of the German Police (HeiehsMhrer SS und Chef der Deutschen Polizei) 1) THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION (AHA) COMMITTEE FOR THE STUDY OF WAE DOCUMENTS GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA* This is part of a series of Guides prepared -
Randauszaehlung1939band5.Pdf (3.830Mb)
Gefördert durch: Randauszählungen zu Elitestudien des Fachgebiets Public Management der Universität Kassel Band 5 Die Politisch-Administrative Elite im Nationalsozialismus am 1. September 1939 Bastian Strobel Simon Scholz-Paulus Stefanie Vedder Sylvia Veit Die Datenerhebung erfolgte im Rahmen des von der Bundesbeauftragten für Kultur und Medien geförderten Forschungsprojektes „Neue Eliten – etabliertes Personal? (Dis-)Kontinuitäten deut- scher Ministerien in Systemtransformationen“. Zitation: Strobel, Bastian/Scholz-Paulus, Simon/Vedder, Stefanie/Veit, Sylvia (2021): Die Poli- tisch-Administrative Elite im Nationalsozialismus am 1. September 1939. Randauszählungen zu Elitestudien des Fachgebiets Public Management der Universität Kassel, Band 5. Kassel. DOI: 10.17170/kobra-202102183283. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung ...................................................................................................................................... 1 2 Personenliste ................................................................................................................................ 4 3 Sozialstruktur ................................................................................................................................ 7 4 Bildung ........................................................................................................................................ 11 5 Karriere ....................................................................................................................................... 16 -
Hungarian Studies Review, Vol
Hungarian Studies Review, Vol. XXIII, No. 1 (Spring, 1996) Edmund Veesenmayer on Horthy and Hungary: An American Intelligence Report N.F. Dreisziger "As Minister to Hungary, Veesenmayer had something more than the normal duties of a Minister." (The Veesenmayer Interrogation Report, p. 21) "... it was a good thing if [Veesenmayer] did not always know everything that was going on (i.e. the Gestapo was doing) [in Hungary]." (SS leader Heinrich Himmler, cited ibid., p. 22) The role Edmund Veesenmayer played in twentieth century Hungarian history is almost without parallel. He was, to all intents and purposes, a Gauleiter, a kind of a modern satrap, in the country for the last year of the war. Hungary would have her share of quislings during the post-war communist era, but they would not be complete foreigners: the Matyas Rakosis, the Erno Geros, the Ferenc Mtinnichs, the Janos Kadars, and the Farkases (Mihaly and Vladimir) had connections to Hungary, however tenuous in some cases.1 Veesenmayer had no familial, ethnic or cultural ties to Hungary, he was simply an agent of a foreign power appointed to make sure that power's interests and wishes prevailed in the country. The closest parallel one finds to him in the post-war period is Marshal Klementy E. Voroshilov, the member of the Soviet leadership who was ap- pointed as head of the Allied Control Commission in Hungary at the end of the war. Though Voroshilov's position most resembled Veesenmayer's, it is doubtful whether the Soviet General was as often involved in meddling in Hungarian affairs as was the energetic German commissioner and his SS cohorts. -
Operation Greif and the Trial of the “Most Dangerous Man in Europe.”
Operation Greif and the Trial of the “Most Dangerous Man in Europe.” A disheveled George S. Patton reported to Dwight Eisenhower with unsettling news from the front. “Ike, I’ve never seen such a goddamn foul-up! The Krauts are infiltrating behind our lines, raising hell, cutting wires and turning around road signs!”1 Such was the characteristic response in the aftermath of Operation Greif, orchestrated by Germany’s top commando, Otto Skorzeny. Through his actions during the Ardennes Offensive of 1944, and his acquittal while on trial, Skorzeny effectively utilized disinformation and covert operations to both earn his credibility and infamous reputation. Born in Vienna in 1908, Skorzeny led a mundane life during the years of the First World War. Despite his inability to concentrate on his studies, he managed to graduate in 1931 from the Technischen Hochschule in Wien with an engineering degree.2 His participation in the Schlagende Verbindungen (dueling societies) during his academic career gave Skorzeny the reputation of being a fierce fighter and resulted in his characteristic scars that covered both sides of his face. With the unification of Austria into Germany in 1938, Skorzeny had his first contact with the Nazi party. While visiting Vienna, he came upon Austrian President Miklas in the midst of an attempt on his life by Nazi roughnecks. Skorzeny, always a man of action, blocked the way of the would-be assassins and ended the confrontation. Word spread across the Germany of the bold Austrian who had saved the President’s life on a whim. 1 Glenn B Infield, Skorzeny (New York: St. -
O Julgamento De Eichmann
Vol. VI Edición N° 23 Febrero 2017 ISSN: 1853-9904 California - U.S.A. Bs. As. - Argentina O julgamento de Eichmann: teatro e política na corte de Jerusalém Aline Xavier Desirée Soares Beatriz Wey Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Brasil INTRODUÇÃO Em 11 de abril de 1961 iniciou-se em Jerusalém o julgamento de Adolf Eichmann, ex-tenente coronel da SS, responsável pela deportação de centenas de milhares de judeus para campos de concentração durante o nazismo na Alemanha. O julgamento de Eichmann, chefe da Seção de Assuntos Judeus no Departamento de Segurança de Hitler, foi o segundo maior julgamento de nazistas. Sua condenação foi baseada no depoimento de mais de 100 testemunhas, em duas mil provas e 3.500 páginas do protocolo da polícia israelense. O mundo esperava ver um monstro, um antissemita brutal, um nazista fanático. O réu, por sua vez, como Hannah Arendt o interpreta, passou a imagem de um burocrata que teria apenas assinado documentos. Os peritos lhe atestaram a condição de subalterno de pouca iniciativa própria e sem senso de responsabilidade. Porém, após o seu julgamento, que foi transmitido pela televisão, Eichmann foi condenado à morte. Em sua defesa, Eichmann insistiu que apenas cumpriu ordens e jamais preocupou-se em questioná-las. Um dos exemplos de sua conduta ocorreu em março de 1944, quando Eichmann foi mandado à Hungria, onde organizou a deportação de 800 mil judeus. Em menos de dois meses, 147 trens levaram 434 mil pessoas para as câmaras de gás de Auschwitz. A partir de seu escritório, coordenou a deportação de milhares de judeus, marcados para morrer nos campos de concentração. -
Cr^Ltxj
THE NAZI BLOOD PURGE OF 1934 APPRCWBD": \r H M^jor Professor 7 lOLi Minor Professor •n p-Kairman of the DeparCTieflat. of History / cr^LtxJ~<2^ Dean oiTKe Graduate School IV Burkholder, Vaughn, The Nazi Blood Purge of 1934. Master of Arts, History, August, 1972, 147 pp., appendix, bibliography, 160 titles. This thesis deals with the problem of determining the reasons behind the purge conducted by various high officials in the Nazi regime on June 30-July 2, 1934. Adolf Hitler, Hermann Goring, SS leader Heinrich Himmler, and others used the purge to eliminate a sizable and influential segment of the SA leadership, under the pretext that this group was planning a coup against the Hitler regime. Also eliminated during the purge were sundry political opponents and personal rivals. Therefore, to explain Hitler's actions, one must determine whether or not there was a planned putsch against him at that time. Although party and official government documents relating to the purge were ordered destroyed by Hermann GcTring, certain materials in this category were used. Especially helpful were the Nuremberg trial records; Documents on British Foreign Policy, 1919-1939; Documents on German Foreign Policy, 1918-1945; and Foreign Relations of the United States, Diplomatic Papers, 1934. Also, first-hand accounts, contem- porary reports and essays, and analytical reports of a /1J-14 secondary nature were used in researching this topic. Many memoirs, written by people in a position to observe these events, were used as well as the reports of the American, British, and French ambassadors in the German capital. -
The Nazi Campaign Against Occultism
chapter 6 The Nazi Campaign against Occultism On June 9, 1941, less than two weeks before Germany invaded the Soviet Union, the Nazi security services launched an all-out campaign against occultist orga- nizations and individuals. Officially dubbed the “Campaign against occult doctrines and so-called occult sciences” (Aktion gegen Geheimlehren und soge- nannte Geheimwissenschaften), this sweeping move aimed at the definitive elimination of occult activities from the national community. Why did the SD and Gestapo put so much effort into pursuing marginal occult groups in June 1941, when the Nazi leadership had more pressing concerns? The answers to this question reveal the complexities and contradictions at the heart of the contested relationship between occultism and National Socialism. The hard-line anti-occultist faction within the Nazi movement was con- centrated in the SD, the Sicherheitsdienst or ‘security service’ of the SS under Reinhard Heydrich. From 1933 to 1941 they were largely kept in check by other Nazi officials, including the staff of Rudolf Hess in his position as Deputy of the Führer and nominal head of the Nazi party. Hess was the highest-ranking Nazi protector of anthroposophical endeavors. The longstanding tension within the Nazi hierarchy over the status of occult groups was complicated by the pivotal role of Martin Bormann, technically Hess’s subordinate but his de facto equal in power, influence, and access to Hitler. Bormann was a confirmed opponent of occult organizations and a crucial ally of the SD, which in turn formed a central component of the police imperium overseen by SS head Heinrich Himmler.