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Technical Assistance for Identifying Actions for the Protection And Technical Assistance for Identifying Actions for the Protection and Sustainable Development of Natural Resources and Biodiversity in the Strandja / Istranca Mountains Interim Report Digital Version 17-04-05 MWH Experts: Markus Weidenbach (Team Leader) Nils Finn Munch-Petersen Ahmet Saffet Atik Kiril Georgiev Table of Content 1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................ 4 1.1 Background ............................................................................................................................4 1.2 The CBC Programme and its Implementation .........................................................................4 1.3 Objectives and Work Strategy of the TA Team........................................................................5 2 THE PROJECT AREA....................................................................................................................... 8 2.1 Geographic Location and Climate ...........................................................................................8 2.1.1 Location and Topography........................................................................................................................ 8 2.1.2 Climatic Conditions................................................................................................................................ 10 2.2 Cultural Heritage...................................................................................................................11 2.3 Socio-Economical Situation and Land Ownership..................................................................11 2.4 Institutional Aspects ..............................................................................................................12 2.5 National Legislation and International Conventions ...............................................................15 2.5.1 National Legislation............................................................................................................................... 15 2.5.2 International Conventions and Directives ............................................................................................... 18 2.6 Strategies, Development Plans and Related Projects ............................................................20 3 LAND USE ANALYSIS AND RESULTS............................................................................................ 22 3.1 Urban and Rural Development and Infrastructure ..............................................................22 3.1.1 Settlements Network and Urbanised Areas............................................................................................ 22 3.1.2 Technical Infrastructure......................................................................................................................... 23 3.1.3 Water Supply, Sewerage and Waste Disposal System........................................................................... 25 3.1.4 Possible Activities under CBC-Measure 2.2 ........................................................................................... 27 3.2 Agriculture and Commercial Fisheries ...................................................................................27 3.2.1 Agriculture ............................................................................................................................................ 27 3.2.2 Fishery.................................................................................................................................................. 29 3.2.3 Possible Activities under CBC-Measure 2.2 ........................................................................................... 30 3.3 Multi-purpose Forestry and Wildlife Management ..............................................................30 3.3.1 Current Situation ................................................................................................................................... 30 3.3.2 Collection of Medicinal Plants, Wild Fruits and Mushrooms..................................................................... 36 3.3.3 Wildlife Management............................................................................................................................. 37 3.3.4 Possible Activities under CBC-Measure 2.2 ........................................................................................... 38 3.4 Biodiversity, Nature Conservation and Landscape Aesthetics ...........................................39 3.4.1 Current Situation ................................................................................................................................... 39 3.4.2 Nature Conservation ............................................................................................................................. 39 3.4.3 Landscape Aesthetics ........................................................................................................................... 40 3.5 Tourism and Recreational Activities....................................................................................41 3.5.1 Background........................................................................................................................................... 41 3.5.2 Ecotourism............................................................................................................................................ 42 3.5.3 The Project Area as a Tourism Destination ............................................................................................ 43 3.5.4 Location of Strandja / Istranca as related to major visitor generating areas.............................................. 43 3.5.5 Economic potential as a protected and well managed ecotourism destination ......................................... 45 3.5.6 Ecotourism and seasonality................................................................................................................... 46 3.5.7 Marketing and promotion....................................................................................................................... 47 3.5.8 SWOT Analysis Table ........................................................................................................................... 48 2 3.5.9 Similarities and Differences between Turkey and Bulgaria...................................................................... 55 3.5.10 Possible Activities under CBC-Measure 2.2 ........................................................................................... 55 4 SCENARIOS FOR POSSIBLE ACTIVITIES AND STRATEGIES ............................................................ 59 4.1 Discussion of Possible Scenarios..........................................................................................59 4.2 The Biosphere Reserve Concept...........................................................................................63 5 ANNEX .......................................................................................................................................... 67 5.1 Draft Project Fiche Turkey 2005 (see separate File)..............................................................67 5.2 Draft Project Fiche Turkey 2006 (see separate File) ..........................................................67 5.3 Draft Project Fiche Bulgaria 2005 (see separate File)........................................................67 5.4 List of Expert Profiles ..........................................................................................................67 5.5 Cost Calculation Sheet..........................................................................................................73 5.6 Round-Table-Meeting in Kirklareli .......................................................................................76 5.7 Biosphere Reserve Concept: Material ................................................................................81 5.8 List of Planning Data and Possible Data Providers ............................................................95 5.9 Joint Mission Report .............................................................................................................97 5.10 Photos................................................................................................................................107 3 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND This Interim Report compiles the results of investigations carried out by an international team of experts (the Technical Assistance (TA) Team) in Turkey and Bulgaria between January and February 2005. The TA Team's task was: (a) to provide technical assistance, helping Turkey and Bulgaria jointly identify and define a set of mature, coordinated and integrated actions in the field of environmental and sustainable development; and (b) to plan a joint Turkish-Bulgarian development project within the scope of the 2004 - 2006 PHARE/Cross Border Cooperation Programme (CBC) of the European Union. The TA team is also responsible for the preparation of the documents necessary for presentation of the related projects to the EC for approval. The Bulgarian beneficiaries of this work and the planned CBC projects are the Ministry of Rural Development and Public Works and the Ministry of Environment in Sofia. The Turkish beneficiaries are the State Planning Organisation (SPO), which is also responsible for coordinating all project activities, and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, both in Ankara. 1.2 THE CBC PROGRAMME
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