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Web Services, CORBA and Other Middleware Web Services, CORBA and other Middleware © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 Dr. Seán Baker IONA Technologies Web Services For The Integrated Enterprise, OMG Workshop, Munich Feb 2003 Overview • There a number of different types of middleware – So what does Web Services offer? © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright 2 2 Middleware • Middleware enables integration, but there are multiple – competing – choices: –CORBA –J2EE –.NET © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright – Various MoM & EAI proprietary middleware – Web Sevices – the new kid on the block. 3 3 There’s lots of choice • Some based on technical grounds, including: – RPC versus message passing – Java specific versus multi-language – Direct versus indirect communication – Permanent versus occasional connection © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright – Platform versus integration middleware • Some based on personal choice 4 4 Intra-enterprise versus inter-enterprise • Most middleware has been designed for intra- enterprise • Inter-enterprise adds at least two challenges – Firewalls ( & inter-enterprise security in general) © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright – Different middleware may be used at the two ends • As well as different operating system, languages, etc 5 5 Web Services • Aims to address both of these issues – Its protocol is layered on HTTP • So it can flow through a firewall • This “cheat” raises security and other concerns, but ones that need to be addressed in any case – It uses XML to format messages © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright • So both sides can accept this as a “neutral” formatting approach 6 6 So what is a Web Service? • Here’s a call to a Web Service: – get the status of an order <SOAP-ENV:Body> <s:GetOrderStatus xmlns:s="www.xmlbus.com/OrderEntry"> <orderno>12345</orderno> © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright </s:GetOrderStatus> </SOAP-ENV:Body> 7 7 Basic Web Services Standards SOAP WSDL UDDI ClientClient © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright ClientClient WSDL Interface Definition 8 8 Web Services – Higher Level View • Service Oriented Architectures (SOA) – An IT architecture that exposes components, business functions, transactions and processes as well-defined services. SOAs are designed to allow reuse of services and rapid integration of applications with services. © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright Firewall 9 9 Use of XML to format messages • XML is a very general formatting tool – So use of XML doesn’t ensure that both sides will understand the messages • XML isn’t a panacea for interoperability – Also messages are larger (slower to marshall and send) • However, it has advs for some uses (e.g. inter- © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright enterprise) – “open” compared to proprietary / binary formats – XML has a poweful set of transformation tools 10 10 3 uses of Web Services • Inter-enterprise communication • Intra-enterprise (inter-middleware) communication • Technology neutral interfaces to packages © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright – e.g., ERP 11 11 Web Services won’t replace existing middleware … • Such as •CORBA •J2EE although MOM & EAI will have to adapt • MOM, EAI etc •Why: – The incumbents are strong, well suited to their uses, and no one has money these days to fix what isn’t broken © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright – Web Services are “integration middleware” and not “platform middleware” – You can’t implement services using the Web Services standards. CORBA, J2EE and .NET are the only platform middlewares. 12 12 Web Services – relationship to other middleware • Use Web Services • to integrate between different enterprises • and to integrate between different “islands” inside an enterprise WebWeb ServicesServices © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright CORBACORBA WebWeb servicesservices CORBA J2EE CORBA J2EE COMCOM J2EEJ2EE CORBACORBA 13 13 The Middleware Space B2B Market, between Global Enterprise enterprises B2B Single-Site Enterprise; between Complex Application applications (inside one enterprise)EAI inside one Web Services Application applicationJ2EE © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright (more than inside one Program one process)CORBA process Tighter14 14 Coupling Looser Example: InfoStrada Architecture Wind Infostrada NASG ASAP BSCS SAS SOAPG Infostrada intelligent Network SOAP Interface SOAP/HTTP: CORBA: Synchronous Synchronous Synchronous Synchronous © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright 15 15 Web Services standardisation will continue for many years • Security • Process Flow • Concentration on the “sweet spots” for Web – “Transactions” Services: • Unreliable connections • Inter-enterprise • Inter-middleware – Store and Forward • Publish and subscribe © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright • Management • Will the industry agree on a common set of • … and so on standards? 16 16 Process Flow Workflow Assign Procure Setup ISP Initialize Schedule Activation Numbers Equipment Account Billing Truck Roll WebCORBA Service WebB2B Service Web Service Web Service Web Service Inventory Billing Install Equipment System ISP System Equip. © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright Vendors 17 17 Web Services and CORBA • CORBA is platform middleware – Multi-language, multi-platform, object/component oriented, robust, high-performance, reliable, transactional, secure, …. • …. And very well proven: banking, telecommunications, utilities, government, defence, computer animation, astronomy, weather simulation, and so on © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright • So what’s missing then? – … why would you need Web Services ? 18 18 What can Web Services offer CORBA? • Integration across the web – Not just across firewalls, but integration with the web (technology and acceptance) WebWeb SOAP ServiceService CORBACORBA message Same applies to J2EE, etc. Much better web-connectivity © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright than any other web technology. • Integration across “islands” within an enterprise 19 19 What can CORBA offer Web Services? An implementation platform! CORBACORBA EJBEJB WebWeb SOAP ServiceService message Other platform © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright middlware, e.g., .NET 20 20 Aggregating backend services Aggregating CORBA services Aggregating J2EE services © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright Using XMLBus’s Java Operation No coding! Flows 21 21 … or you may need to use Business Processes Workflow Java © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright 22 22 Other issues • Other reasons why existing interfaces can’t be translated directly into WSDL: – Latency – any 10x needs to be taken seriously – Some CORBA interfaces break the “don’t trust the clients” rule © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright – Some CORBA interfaces are “fragile” – Standard WSDL interfaces, or XML schemas 23 23 Summary 3 uses of Web Services • Inter-enterprise communication – Previous web-based technology is very inappropriate • Intra-enterprise (inter-middleware) communication – forget the idea of a single middleware © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright • Technology neutral interfaces to packages – e.g., ERP 24 24 Summary Web Services … • … won’t replace existing middleware ! –CORBA –J2EE – MOM, EAI etc © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright although MOM & EAI will have to adapt Special support for integration of existing middleware with Web Services will be very valuable. 25 25 Summary Web Services… • … is the basis for Middleware to Middleware Integration (M2M) • But it’s not the full story for this – M2M isn’t trival – No middleware can subsume others • Too big. Compromises. Awkward translations. Wrong QoS. © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 IONA © Copyright – Runtime translation costs can sometimes be too high – Many standards required – especially QoS issues 26 26 Discussion – Wednesday panel session (or during the coffee © Copyright IONA Technologies 2002 breaks) Follow up – some of the later talks..
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