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Effect of Organic Selenium Supplementation on Male Quail Reproduction

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EFFECT OF ORGANIC SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTATION ON MALE QUAIL REPRODUCTION A THESIS BY MD. MAHMUDUL HASAN Examination Roll No. 10 AHPS. JJ 23 M Registration No. 31409 Semester: January – June 2011 Session: 2004-2005 MASTER OF SCIENCE (M S) IN POULTRY SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF POULTRY SCIENCE BANGLADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY MYMENSINGH MAY 2011 EFFECT OF ORGANIC SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTATION ON MALE QUAIL REPRODUCTION A THESIS BY MD. MAHMUDUL HASAN Examination Roll No. 10 AHPS. JJ 23 M Registration No. 31409 Semester: January – June 2011 Session: 2004-2005 Submitted to the Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE (M S) IN POULTRY SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF POULTRY SCIENCE BANGLADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY MYMENSINGH MAY 2011 EFFECT OF ORGANIC SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTATION ON MALE QUAIL REPRODUCTION A THESIS BY MD. MAHMUDUL HASAN Examination Roll No. 10 AHPS. JJ 23 M Registration No. 31409 Semester: January – June 2011 Session: 2004-2005 Approved as to style and content by ………………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………….. (Associate Prof. Dr. Md. Shahidur Rahman) (Associate Prof. Dr. Shubash Chandra Das) Supervisor Co‐supervisor …………………………………………………………………………… (Dr. Md. Shawkat Ali) Chairman, Defence Committee And Head, Department of Poultry Science Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh MAY 2011 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, the author expresses his sincere gratitude to Almighty Allah, the supreme of the universe for His never ending blessings for the successful completion of the present research work and in the preparation of this thesis. The author feels immense proud privilege to express his heartiest appreciation and deepest sense of gratitude, indebtedness and profound respect to his teacher and research Supervisor, Associate Professor Dr. Md. Shahidur Rahman, Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh for his cordial guidance, responsible supervision, sympathetic cooperation, priceless suggestions, inspiration, constant affectionate feelings and constructive criticisms throughout the research work and successful completion of this manuscript. The author desires to express his profound appreciation veritable gratefulness and heart- felt thanks to his Co-supervisor, Associate Professor Dr. Suvash Chandra Das and senior Professor Dr. M. A. R. Howlider for his scholastic guidance, magnanimous help and helpful advice and constant instruction in the way to accomplish this thesis. The author extended his cordial thanks to Associate professor Dr. MD. Shawkat Ali, Head, Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh for his help and cooperation during the research work, and in preparing this manuscript. The author feels proud to my sincere appreciation and boundless gratitude, best regards and respect to my honorable class teachers Professor Dr. S. M. Bulbul (Rtd), Professor Dr. Safiuddin Ahmed (Rtd), Professor M. A. Wahid (Rtd), Professor Dr. S. D. Chowdhury, Professor Dr. Ashraf Ali, Associated Professor Dr. Fowzia Sultana, Assistant Professor Mr. Musabbir Ahmed, Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh for their generosity and suggestions, keen interest, encouragement, constant inspiration and constructive comments and valuable advice in carrying out this research work. The author expresses his thanks to Md. Shajahan Bhai, Md. Mohammad Ali Bhai, Md. Ruhul Amin Bhai, Nasir, Kabir, Rahman and all other officers and staffs, Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh for their continuous help and kind assistance, while undergoing this research work. The author gratefully admires to his classmates and friends specially ,Maidul, Tainur,Tareq, Nebash, Yousuf, Jewel, Litu Bhai, Mukul Bhai, Kabir Bhai and Akhirul for their kind co- operation and affectionate encouragement to carryout the research work. The author would like to acknowledge his heartiest gratitude to his beloved parents, respectable dear elder sister Selina Akter and Afroza Akter and all well wisher for their never ending prayer, affection, support, sacrifice, inspiration, encouragement and continuous blessings in the long process of building my academic career which can never be repaid. The author ABSTRACT A trial on dietary organic selenium (Se) supplementation with locally manufactured compound feed was conducted to evaluate sperm motility, sperm morphology, sperm concentration, sperm hole,fertility performance and testis weightof Japanese Quail. A total of 24 adult males and 60 breeder females were randomly and equally allocated to 25, 2.5, 0.25, and 0.0 ppm organic Se (Sel-Plex) supplemented diets having 3 replications in each. Results demonstrated that the semen quality was reduced (p<0.05) at 25 ppm Se supplemented groups without altering the feed intake, body weight and survivability of the bird. sperm motility, sperm morphology, sperm concentration, were found to be significantly higher (p<0.05) in the semen of 0.25 ppm organic Se supplemented birds. The sperm hole number were found to be markedly higher (p<0.05) at the 0.25 and 2.5 ppm organic Se supplementation. The fertility was also higher (p<0.05 ) in 0.25 ppm and 2.5 ppm Se supplemented eggs in comparison to that of control and 25 ppm Se supplementation. The weight of testis in the Se supplemented breeder quail did not differ significantly (p>0.05). The present study suggested that the compound breeder feed manufactured in Bangladesh is deficient of Se and its fortification with 0.25 ppm exogenous Sel-Plex is recommended for its use in breeder quail to ensure the optimum performance. However, an extensive trial on organic Se supplementation covering a range of poultry species and the available branded compound poultry feed is needed to generalize the present findings for the breeders of all poultry species. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS AND ACRONYMS Abbreviations Elaboration wt Weight LBW Live body weight cm Centimeter S Sex ANOVA Analysis of Variance BAU Bangladesh Agricultural University Contd. Continued CRD Completely Randomized Design e.g. For example et al. And others FCR Feed conversion ratio Fig. Figure H Hour i.e. That is Kg Kilogram LSD Least Significant Difference Ltd. Limited mg. Milligram No. Number NS Non-significant oC Degree Celsius BW Body Weight P Probability Pm Post meridian LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS AND ACRONYMS Abbreviations Elaboration ppm Parts per million RH Relative humidity % Percentage * 5% level of significant ** 1% level of significant / Per : Ratio @ At the rate of + Plus < Less than > Greater than ± Plus minus = Equal CONTENTS CHAPTER TITLE PAGE No. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i ABSTRACT iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS AND iv ACRONYMS CONTENTS vi-ix LIST OF TABLES ix LIST OF FIGURES x LIST OF APPENDICES Xi Chapter I INTRODUCTION 1-3 Chapter II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 4-9 2.1 Sources and forms of selenium 4 2.2 Metabolism of Se 4 2.3 Symptoms of Se deficiency 5 2.4 Toxicity of Se 6 2.5 Effects of Se sources on reproductive 7 performance of breeder bird 2.6 Effects of Se sources on feed intake, 7 growth and performance of broiler 2.7 Effects of Se sources on body maintenance 8 and survivability 2.8 Effect of Selenium on Fertility of bird 8 Research gap and scope of present 2.9 9 investigation CONTENTS(contd.) CHAPTER TITLE PAGE No. Chapter III MATERIALS AND METHODS 10-16 3.1 Birds, chemicals and statement of the 10 experiment 3.2 Methods 10 3.2.1 Housing of the bird 10 3.2.2 Mixing of organic Se in feed and 10 methods of feeding the bird 3.2.3 Water management and other practices 12 3.3 Comparison of fertility performance 12 3.3.1 Collection and storing of egg 12 3.3.2 Incubation of eggs for fertility 13 3.3.3 Determination of fertility 13 3.4 Counting of sperm hole concentration on 13 egg perivitelline membrane 3.5 Semen collection and evaluation 14 3.5.1 Semen collection 14 3.5.2 Semen evaluation 14 3.5.2.1 Mass motility(%) 14 3.5.2.2 Sperm concentration determination 15 (million/ml) 3.6 Dissection of bird and observation of 16 different organs 3.7 Statistical analysis 16 CONTENTS(contd.) CHAPTER TITLE PAGE. No. Chapter IV RESULTS 17-23 4.1 Effect on feed intake and body 17 maintenance 4.2 Semen quality parameters 17 4.3 Sperm holes concentration on egg 19 perivitelline membrane 4.4 Fertility rate 21 4.5 Reproductive system and other vital organs 21 Chapter V DISCUSSION 24-25 Chapter VI SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 26-27 Chapter VII REFERENCES 28-35 APPENDICES 36-37 LIST OF TABLES Table Title Page 1 Composition of the basal feed supplied to the 12 experimental quail 2 Feed intake and body maintenance of Japanese 17 quail fed on diet supplemented organic Se 3 Semen quality of Japanese quail fed on diet 18 supplemented with organic Se 4 The effect of organic selenium on sperm holes 20 of eggs from breeder quails. 5 Fertility rate in 4 dietary levels of organic Se 21 supplementation in quail 6 Reproductive and other vital organs weight in 23 Se supplemented quail LIST OF FIGURES Figure Title Page 1 View of mixing organic Se with mash feed 11 2 Storing of eggs in earthen pot 13 3 View of dissecting the birds 16 4 Sperm concentration at 4 different levels of dietary 19 Se supplementation 5 Sperm hole concentration in perivitelline membrane 20 of eggs at 4 dietary level of Se supplementation (arrow heads are the sperm holes) 6 Size of the testis of quail fed on 4 dietary levels of Se 22 supplementation LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX TITLE PAGE I NRC Nutrient requirement of breeder Japanese 36 quail II Body maintenance of breeder quail fed on organic 36 Se supplemented diet III Semen quality of breeder quail fed on diet 37 supplemented with organic Se IV Sperm hole on previtelline membrane of egg from 37 breeder quail fed on diet supplemented with organic Se V Fertility performance from breeder quail fed on 37 diet supplemented with organic Se Chapter I INTRODUCTION Selenium is an essential trace element which occurs in cereals and primarily in the form of selenomethionine.
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