DOCSLIB.ORG

SFG2806 V2 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Executive Summary

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
SFG2806 V2 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Executive Summary Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized SFG2806 V2 Executive Summary Introduction The Environmental and Social Impacts Assessment (ESIA) report is prepared in accordance with the Terms of Reference for the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) and Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for two segments of Road No. 2 in Kurdistan, Iraq: Batil – Gersheen (Segment 2) and Gersheen – Suhaila (Segment 3) issued by the Duhok General Directorate of Roads and Bridges (GDRB) and pertains to the 23 km stretch of the Segment 3: Gersheen Intersection – Suhaila Intersection. ESIA is a tool that provides the decision-makers with the tool for the construction of the new road alignment in a way that is economically feasible and the least detrimental to the environment and the local population. Project Description Main Project Features Segment 3: Gersheen Interchange – Suhaila Interchange approximately 23 km in length is proposed to be constructed as 3 lanes both directions dual carriageway. Segment 3 is a part of the 65 km KRG Transport Corridor (KRG TC) located in Duhok Governorate of the Northern autonomous region of Iraq – Kurdistan. The Transport Corridor connects the city of Duhok with the Ibrahim Al Khalil border with Turkey. Originally, four alternative alignments of segment 3 were considered (see Figure 0-1). Segment 3 1 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Transport Corridor Project – Road No. 2 – Segment 3 in KRG Figure 0-1: Segment 3: Gersheen - Suhaila However, upon consideration of the number of factors, such as cost estimates, scale of land acquisition of residential areas, location of different facilities (i.e. petrol storage facility), and the final alignment was chosen (see Figure 0-2). Figure 0-2: Chosen Alternative of Segment 3 Alignment The construction of Segment 3 is co-financed by KRG and the World Bank. The construction cost estimate is US$ 70,873,000. 2 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Transport Corridor Project – Road No. 2 – Segment 3 in KRG Segment 3 of TC comprises construction of 3 lanes both directions highway (dual carriageway). A Right of Way (ROW) for road construction of 100 m has been adopted for land acquisition and approved by GDRB. The boundaries of the study are defined as 1000 m from the centerline corridor along the road alignment. The proposed design speed for this road is 100 km/h. The horizontal and vertical alignments of the Road are designed taking into consideration type of terrain, design speed, the proposed cross section and planned Right of Way (ROW). This alternative runs 5 Km north of the existing road in almost flat area for 85% of its length before rolling down to the end point at Suhaila intersection. There are two directional interchanges Gersheen Interchange and Suhaila designed to a high standard allowing fast interchange in each direction. 52 culverts are provided at low points generally defined by shallow wadis. 4 underpasses are provided for livestock crossing. Truck lay-bys are proposed on each direction of the road. The road will be furnished with the road signs (directional, warning, etc.), lighting, guardrail, Jersey barriers, and road markings. Materials used for road construction include soils (possible re-use of cut materials), aggregates, Portland cement mixes, asphalt mixes, geo-synthetics, composites, and metals including steel and aluminum, wood materials. Significant water consumption is anticipated for the project. For the execution of the works on Segment 3 the following types of construction camps are likely to be required: A Main Camp Construction Yards Satellite Camps Temporary Camps The staffing requirements for the project implementation are estimated about 90 persons including the administrative, technical staff, construction crew and miscellaneous unskilled labor. The anticipated duration of main construction activities varies from 70 days (traffic signs and road marking) to 170 days (bridges and culvert works). Main Land Use Patterns In total of 171.18 hectares of land are to be acquired permanently for the project including requirements of land for the ROW, culverts, underpasses, interchanges and lay-bys. The area is devoid of any kind of industrial, commercial and residential activities. The only land use in the area is agricultural, predominantly grazing of livestock and partially cultivation of wheat and barley. No cultural, religious and historic sites will be affected by the project. 3 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Transport Corridor Project – Road No. 2 – Segment 3 in KRG Policy, Legal and Institutional Framework The desk study on legal and institutional framework was conducted in order to assess the relevant existing legislation, policies and role of the different institutions in the project. The applicable World Bank safeguard policies were also assessed and compared to the national legislation. Policies and Strategies: National Development Plan of Iraq 2011 -2014 Kurdistan Regional Government’s Economic Development Strategy Iraqi Transport Master Plan Legal National Framework: The Law for the Protection and Improvement of Environment No. 27, 2009 The Forestry Law No. 30, 2009 The Law on the Protection of Wild Animals and Birds No. 17, 2010 Public Health Law No. 89, 1981 The Law of Antiquities and Heritage No. 55, 2002 Regulation for the Provision of Water Resources, No. 2, 2001 Law of Environmental Protection and Improvement in Iraqi Kurdistan Region No.8, 2008 Law on Public Roads No. 35, 2002 Land Acquisition Law No. 12, 1981 According to the World Bank definition the project is categorized as Category A. The policies that are viewed as most relevant to the scope of the present study are: Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01) Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12) OP/BP 4.11 – Physical Cultural Resources BP 17.50 Disclosure Policies Institutional and Administrative Framework The role of environmental protection is divided between different governmental institutions, which are responsible for specific aspects of environmental management. Also, some NGOs and scientific centers and universities are contributing to the nature protection in the Kurdistan Region. The key institutions and organizations involved in the Project include: The Ministry of Natural Resources of the Kurdistan Regional Government; Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources; Ministry of Environment/Environmental Protection and Improvement Board; Ministry of Construction and Housing; 4 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Transport Corridor Project – Road No. 2 – Segment 3 in KRG Ministry of Municipalities and Tourism/Archeological Directorate of Duhok; Municipalities; NGO - Farasheen Organization for Environmental Protection (FOEP); Duhok Farmers Union; University of Dohuk. A number of international donor organizations are active in the Kurdistan Region implementing projects designed to improve the livelihoods of the population. Despite the fact that quite a number of institutions are involved in environmental protection and conservation, the institutional framework of the Kurdistan Region is characterized with a number of deficiencies: Dispersion of authorities and low level of coordination between different institutions; Overlap of jurisdiction, which might lead to overlooking the significant issues; Lengthy and bureaucratic process of obtaining the permits for different kind of activities, which involves several institutions. As authorized by KRG, DGRB bears primary official responsibility for ensuring that land acquisition and resettlement associated with the new road alignment are planned and implemented in a manner consistent with the laws and regulations of Kurdistan Region, and in a manner consistent with the principles and procedures of World Bank OP 4.12. Effective implementation of resettlement program requires coordination with the Duhok governorate along with their subordinate district governments, and with local councils and village committees functioning at the village or settlement level. Public Consultations Public participation makes a positive contribution to the project in terms of minimizing and avoiding potential public controversy and in identification of priorities of assessment. Stakeholders’ identification and analysis was conducted according to the World Bank categorization of the stakeholders according to their interest and influence in the present study. The key stakeholders of the Project include: GDRB; Directorate of Agriculture of Duhok; Directorate of Water of Duhok; Directorate of Antiquities of Duhok; Farmers’ Association of Duhok; Directorate for Environmental Protection and Improvement Board of Duhok; 5 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Transport Corridor Project – Road No. 2 – Segment 3 in KRG Local administration; Farmers; Business entities; Duhok University; Zakho University; Al Farasheen Environmental NGO Raising public awareness was achieved through: Consultation Sessions: according to the OP 4.01requirements for category A projects two sessions were conducted on 17.07.2013 and 29.04.2014; Individual interviews with PAPs; Interviews with the governmental officials; Negotiations of Compensation Committee with individual PAPs on the size of the land acquisition and proposed compensation. Based on the main issues of concern expressed by the stakeholders throughout the consultations the criteria and requirements for project acceptance are described in Chapter 5.6. The
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Wash Needs in Schools Iraq
    COMPARATIVE OVERVIEW WASH NEEDS IN SCHOOLS OF KEY INDICATORS Note: Findings derived from WFP data are December 2019 IRAQ presented in turquoise boxes. Methodology Water Hygiene Sanitation 1 3 2 REACH Number of HH surveys conducted by Number of schools assessed by WFP Drinking water from a water source is available Drinking water from a water source is available Drinking water comes from an improved water source The water quality is perceived to be acceptable The main water source is at the school's premises Has access to handwashing facilities Has access to handwashing facilities of which is having water and soap available of which is functional of which is having soap Has access to improved sanitation facilities number of Average functional student toilets per school building number of toilets Average for students number of Average students per toilet Has access to student toilets separated by gender Has access to student toilets separated by gender Has unusable toilets Is having a good structural condition of student toilets Is having a good hygienic condition of student toilets Al-Falluja 115 88% 100% 78% 93% 100% 97% 100% 9,1 82% 0% Al-Ramadi 80 83% 98% 81% 98% 100% 100% 100% 8,6 93% 0% Al-Anbar Ana 74 31 44% 65% 87% 49% 72% 94% 94% 64% 66% 62% 94% 5,8 5,4 36 90% 90% 23% 100% 71% Heet 87 72% 100% 60% 100% 93% 97% 100% 9,0 88% 0% Shat Al-Arab 98 12% 92% 83% 11% 7,2 91 77% 56% 46% Al-Basrah Al-Khidhir 70 50% 66% 76% 11% 5,8 69 79% 74% 32% Al-Muthanna Al-Kufa 120 21% 46% 71% 99% 100% 23% 99% 6.5 71% 27% Al-Najaf Al-Najaf 94 2% 95% 98%
    [Show full text]
  • Iraq-P131550-ESIA-KRG-North-South
    Executive Summary Introduction The Environmental and Social Impacts Assessment (ESIA) report is prepared for 13km long segment 2 Batil – Gersheen of Road No. 2 in Kurdistan. The Report follows the Terms of Reference for the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) and Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for segments 2 and 3 of Road No. 2 in Kurdistan issued by the General Directorate of Roads and Bridges (GDRB) of Duhok. The main goal of the study is to provide the decision-makers with a comprehensive tool that will allow them to implement the road upgrading in a way that is the least detrimental to the environment, population and businesses in the vicinity of the road alignment. Project Description Segment 2: Batil – Gersheen, 13km long (comprising 8km as part of TC and 5km connecting TC to Gersheen tunnel) is proposed to be upgraded from 1 lane both directions (single carriageway) to 3 lanes both directions (dual carriageway). Segment 2 is a part of the 65km KRG Transport Corridor (KRG TC). The project is located in Duhok Governorate of the Northern autonomous region of Iraq – Kurdistan. The Duhok Governorate is the most northern district of Kurdistan and borders with Turkey from the North and Syria from the West. The TC is connecting the city of Duhok with the Ibrahim Al Khalil border with Turkey. The map of the TC with Segment 2 highlighted in blue on it is presented in the Figure 0-1. Segment 2 Figure 0-1: Segment 2: Batil - Gersheen 1 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report For Transport Corridor Project – Road No.
    [Show full text]
  • Risk Factors Associated with Brucella Seropositivity in Sheep and Goats in Duhok Province, Iraq
    veterinary sciences Article Risk Factors Associated with Brucella Seropositivity in Sheep and Goats in Duhok Province, Iraq Ali. G. Alhamada 1,2,† ID , Ihab Habib 1,3,*,† ID , Anne Barnes 1 and Ian Robertson 1,4 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia; [email protected] (A.G.A); [email protected] (A.B); [email protected] (I.R) 2 College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul 41002, Iraq 3 High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21516, Egypt 4 China-Australia Joint Research and Training Center for Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430072, China * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-8-9360-2434 † These authors contributed equally to this work. Academic Editors: Chrissanthy Papadopoulou, Vangelis Economou and Hercules Sakkas Received: 23 October 2017; Accepted: 5 December 2017; Published: 7 December 2017 Abstract: Sera from 432 small ruminants (335 sheep and 97 goats) from 72 farms in Duhok Province, northern Iraq, were collected to investigate risk factors associated with brucellosis seropositivity. Serum samples were tested using the Rose Bengal test (RBT) and an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). Using parallel interpretation, RBT and iELISA results showed that 31.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 26.1, 36.3) of sheep and 34.0% (95% CI: 24.7, 44.3) of goats had antibodies against Brucella in the study area. A random-effects multivariable logistic regression model indicated that a higher chance of being seropositive (odds ratio (OR) = 1.7; 95% 1.4; 2.2) was associated with an increase in the age of animals.
    [Show full text]
  • Duhok Environment Directorate Is Attempting to Reduce the Effect of the Various Sources of Pollutants from These Various Sources As Follows
    STRENGTHENING URBAN ENGAGEMENT OF UNIVERSITIES IN ASIA AND AFRICA (SUEUAA) University of Duhok Presentation Professor Dr. Kamal Ketuly Dr. Sizar Abid Mohammed at Philippine Normal University Manila-Philippines 27-29 August 2018 Map of Iraq Euphrates and Tigris Regional Portrait Duhok is a part of the Kurdistan region of Iraq and the capital city of Erbil. The Kurdistan region is a federal state within federal Iraq. The area of the city is about 1075 km2 and contains mainly native Kurdish people and minorities of Assyrians, Armenians, Turkmans and Arabs. The main religion is Islam while in the area there are also Christian orthodox and Catholics, Jews and old Kurdish religions, Yazidies and Kakais. Duhok has many mosques, monasteries and churches. The interviews and the outcome with the partner expert groups in Duhok • Duhok Government departments. • Universities colleges: University of Duhok and Duhok Polytechnic University. • Private sector. Duhok Government Departments 1- Directorate of Landmine Department. The Environmental Impact of Conflict and Landmine Clearance • The Kurdish region faces a threat composed primarily of landmines. The estimated numbers of planted landmines are about five million: majority emplaced during the Iran-Iraq war of 1980-1988 and internal suppression by Saddam Hussein. • The Iraq Landmine Impact Survey confirmed that all three of the governorates in the northern region of the country known as Iraqi Kurdistan were extensively contaminated. Figure 1: Landmines Department – Duhok Figures 2: Landmines Department – Governorate – Iraq Duhok Governorate – Iraq Duhok Environment Directorate is attempting to reduce the effect of the various sources of pollutants from these various sources as follows: • The establishment of waste water treatment plants, septic tanks and special ones for the industrial projects.
    [Show full text]
  • Idpfactsheet:Duhok City
    IDP FACTSHEET: DUHOK CITY DUHOK GOVERNORATE, IRAQ DISPLACEMENT CAUSES OF DISPLACEMENT DATA COLLECTED: 23 JUNE 2014 78% LEFT THEIR PLACE OF ORIGIN BECAUSE OF CONFLICT OCCURRING IN The worsening security situation in parts of northern and central Iraq has caused mass THEIR VILLAGE/NEIGHBOURHOOD OR DISTRICT internal displacement across much of the country. With the view to inform the 20% left because they anticipated conflict in their area of origin humanitarian response, the REACH Initiative is conducting rapid assessments on displacement trends and priority needs of Internally Displaced Person (IDPs). OCCURRENCES AND LENGTH OF DISPLACEMENT The city of Duhok, the largest in Duhok Governorate, 48% STOPPED FOR AT LEAST ONE NIGHT BETWEEN CROSSING THE BORDER .is roughly 470 km from Baghdad. It is a popular AND ARRIVING IN DUHOK CITY tourist destination so there is a lot of accommodation Of those who stopped prior to arriving in Duhok City (48%), 88% stopped elsewhere available which, along with the presence of family, in Duhok District greatly influences the decision of IDPs to stay there. REACH teams were rapidly deployed across the city On average, IDP families were DISPLACED FOR 2 DAYS between their and assessed 239 IDP families (1,285 individuals) place of origin and arriving in Duhok City living in rented apartments or being hosted by family. DATE OF ARRIVAL INTO DUHOK CITY 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% ENTRY POINTS USED About REACH Initiative ARRIVED THROUGH THE ADRIKA ENTRY POINT, IN TILKAIF DISTRICT REACH facilitates the development of information tools and products that enhance the capacity of 75% B aid actors to make evidence-based decisions in emergency, recovery and development contexts.
    [Show full text]
  • Kurdistan Region of Iraq Erbil, Duhok & Sulaymaniyah
    at a glance THE USE OF PROFILING IN THE KURDISTAN REGION OF IRAQ ERBIL, DUHOK & SULAYMANIYAH 2016 www.jips.org Why a profiling ? While a significant amount of information was available on IDPs and refugees residing in camps in the Kurdistan This Region of Iraq (KRI), less was known about those resid- profiling ing outside of camps, particularly in urban areas. entailed a col- Furthermore, most of the existing strategies to mitigate the effects of displacement focused on addressing the laborative approach, needs of either the IDP or refugee populations, while the capacity sharing, and devel- needs of the host communities living alongside these oping long-term responses to displaced groups received much less attention. the displacement concerns in Erbil However, the local communities and authorities Governorate. We did not know a lot about were deeply affected by the waves of displacement resulting from the conflicts in Syria and the rest of Iraq. IDPs and refugees residing out of camps, we By 2016 the urban population in Erbil Governorate had did not know the impact of the crisis on increased by 25 %, in Duhok Governorate by 31 % and in Sulaymaniyah Governorate by 15 % due to the displace- the host community. This profiling ment crises. This combined with the pervasive financial enlightened us about these crisis greatly exacerbated the strains already placed on issues. local communities. In this context, the Governorate authorities in Erbil, Diyar Lateef Omar Duhok and Sulaymaniyah together with UN partners National Humanitarian Advisor Erbil Refugee Council, decided to conduct studies comparing population Erbil Governorate groups (IDPs, refugees, and host communities) in differ- ent urban areas to inform longer term planning for the Kurdistan Regional Government authorities as well as the humanitarian and development community.
    [Show full text]
  • Documentation of Kurdish Genocide and Common Diseases Occurred Among Victims After Genocide: Retrospective Study
    4th Int. Conf. of Hawler Medical University Research papers Documentation of Kurdish Genocide and Common Diseases Occurred among Victims after Genocide: Retrospective Study Kareem Fattah Aziz, Jawdat Mamand Alhajbaker, Sideeq Sadir Ali, Yousif Mohammed Gardi College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq. Email address: [email protected] Abstract Background and objective: Genocide means the destruction of the basic life of innocent people. After the division, the Kurdish people have not enjoyed any freedom or even a low level of minority rights; ethnic cleansing and genocide. The southern part of Kurdistan, like other areas of Kurdistan, faced under the ongoing oppression, ethnic cleansing and other genocide. The ethnic cleansing policy increased after the Arab nationalist Baathists took power in 1968. The objectives of the study are to identify data about Kurdish genocide from different resources and historical documentation. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Erbil governorate. Data was collected from different resources with the support ministry of Anfal and martyrs in the Kurdistan Region from 1st Jun to 1st September 2018. The approval was taken from an ethical and scientific committee in the college of nursing, and permission was taken from a ministry of Anfal and martyrs in Erbil. The data were analyzed using different methods of statistical analysis. Results: The Kurdish genocide was begun in early times and especially from 1968 to 1988. Chemical bombardment according to governorate included (Erbil 17.68%, Sulaymaniyah 42.77%, Duhok 7.13%, Kirkuk 22.37%, and others 10.27%). The Anfal campaign included (Erbil 16.35%, Sulaymaniyah 30.74%, Duhok 6.59%, and others 10.3%).
    [Show full text]
  • Creating Job Opportunities for Young Adults in Kurdistan Iraq Funded by Rdpp Written by Nahed Freij
    FINAL INDEPENDENT EVALUATION SEPTEMBER 2018 CREATING JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR YOUNG ADULTS IN KURDISTAN IRAQ FUNDED BY RDPP WRITTEN BY NAHED FREIJ This report was commissioned by Action Against Hunger. The comments contained herein reflect the opinions of the evaluators only. Evaluation Report for the Independent Final Evaluation of: CREATING JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR YOUNG ADULTS IN KURDISTAN Submitted to: Action Against Hunger Prepared by: Nahed Freij- Sr. Consultant September 2018 1 Summary Table Project Name Creating job opportunities for young adults in Kurdistan Contract Number DANIDA/RDPP/2.1.2/2016-29370 Partners (if applicable) N/A Location (country/ies, region/s) Zakho district, Dohuk Governorate, Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) Sector(s) Livelihood/Income Generating Activities Duration 14 months, NCE-17 months Starting Date 01 May 2017 Ending Date 30, Sept 2018 Project Language English Donor and Contribution/s RDPP – Regional Development and Protection Programme Country Office administering Action Against Hunger - Kurdistan Region of Iraq the Programme/Project Responsible Action Against Action Against Hunger France Hunger HQ Evaluation Type Independent Final Evaluation Evaluation Dates From July 26 to September 6, 2018 2 Acknowledgements This final evaluation report of “CREATING JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR YOUNG ADULTS IN KURDISTAN” was prepared in my capacity as external evaluator to Action Against Hunger. The evaluation was carried out between July 26 and September 6, 2018. The main findings and recommendations contained in this report include the inputs provided by the interviewed project stakeholders who made sincere efforts and demonstrated willingness and openness to being interviewed for the evaluation and sharing of necessary documentation. From Action Against Hunger Coordination team in Erbil, special thanks go out to Ms.
    [Show full text]
  • IDP Movement Intentions Study Dohuk Governorate August 2017
    IDP MOVEMENT INTENTIONS STUDY DOHUK GOVERNORATE AUGUST 2017 Location Kurdistan Region of Iraq Month, Year August 2017 Author Chris Stadler / Programs Unit WHH Iraq Study Area Duhok Governorate WELTHUNGRHILFE IRAQ IDP INTENTIONS SURVEY AUGUST 2017 CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 INTRODUCTION 4 KEY FINDINGS 4 INTRODUCTION TO STUDY 9 STUDY DESCRIPTION & OBJECTIVES 9 STUDY FINANCING 9 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 9 LITERATURE REVIEW 9 RESEARCH TOOLS 13 IDP HOUSEHOLD SAMPLE SIZE 14 SURVEY AREA SELECTION 15 SURVEY SCHEDULE 16 SURVEYED HOUSEHOLDS 17 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS 18 ANALYSIS OF IDP HOUSEHOLDS 19 OVERVIEW 19 IDP HOUSEHOLD PROFILE 20 PRE-DISPLACEMENT SITUATION 26 POST-DISPLACEMENT SITUATION 33 AVAILABLE INFORMATION ON AREA OF ORIGIN 60 VOLUNTARY RETURN INTENTIONS 74 ALTERNATIVE MOVEMENT INTENTIONS 90 ASSISTANCE REQUESTED 102 RECOMMENDATIONS 112 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 112 2 WELTHUNGRHILFE IRAQ IDP INTENTIONS SURVEY AUGUST 2017 LIST OF ACRONYMS AOD — Area of Displacement AOO — Area of Origin CIHL — Customary International Humanitarian Law DTM — Displacement Tracking Matrix GiZ (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit/ German Development Agency) HH — Household HoH — Head of Household IHRP — Iraq Humanitarian Response Plan IASC — Inter Agency Standing Committee ICRC — International Committee of the Red Cross IDP — Internally Displaced Person IED — Improvised Explosive Device ISF — Iraqi Security Forces ISIL — Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant IOM — International Organization of Migration KSF — Kurdish Security Forces KRG
    [Show full text]
  • Identification and Mapping of Tree Species in Urban Areas Using Worldview-2 Imagery
    ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume II-2/W2, 2015 Joint International Geoinformation Conference 2015, 28–30 October 2015, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia IDENTIFICATION AND MAPPING OF TREE SPECIES IN URBAN AREAS USING WORLDVIEW-2 IMAGERY Y. T. Mustafaa*, H. N. Habeebb, A. Steinc, F. Y. Sulaimanb a Faculty of Science, University of Zakho, Kurdistan Region of Iraq - [email protected] b Directorate of Forestry, Duhok, Kurdistan Region of Iraq - ([email protected], [email protected]) c Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands - [email protected] KEY WORDS: Urban tree species, Supervised classification, VHR imagery, Kurdistan Region of Iraq ABSTRACT: Monitoring and mapping of urban trees are essential to provide urban forestry authorities with timely and consistent information. Modern techniques increasingly facilitate these tasks, but require the development of semi-automatic tree detection and classification methods. In this article, we propose an approach to delineate and map the crown of 15 tree species in the city of Duhok, Kurdistan Region of Iraq using WorldView-2 (WV-2) imagery. A tree crown object is identified first and is subsequently delineated as an image object (IO) using vegetation indices and texture measurements. Next, three classification methods: Maximum Likelihood, Neural Network, and Support Vector Machine were used to classify IOs using selected IO features. The best results are obtained with Support Vector Machine classification that gives the best map of urban tree species in Duhok. The overall accuracy was between 60.93% to 88.92% and κ-coefficient was between 0.57 to 0.75.
    [Show full text]
  • Peace Education in Iraqi Kurdistan Schools: an Analysis of Human Rights and History Education Curriculum
    Peace Education in Iraqi Kurdistan Schools: An Analysis of Human Rights and History Education Curriculum Alsayid Mohammed, M. A. Submitted version deposited in CURVE March 2016 Original citation: Alsayid Mohammed, M. A. (2015) Peace Education in Iraqi Kurdistan Schools: An Analysis of Human Rights and History Education Curriculum. Unpublished PhD Thesis. Coventry: Coventry University Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Some materials have been removed from this thesis due to third party copyright. Pages where material has been removed are clearly marked in the electronic version. The unabridged version of the thesis can be viewed at the Lanchester Library, Coventry University. CURVE is the Institutional Repository for Coventry University http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open Peace Education in Iraqi Kurdistan Schools: An Analysis of Human Rights and History Education Curriculum By Maamoon A. Alsayid Mohammed Doctor of Philosophy March 2015 The work contained within this document has been submitted by the student in partial fulfillment of the requirement of their course and award Peace Education in Iraqi Kurdistan Schools: An Analysis of Human Rights and History Education Curriculum. Maamoon A. Alsayid Mohammed A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the University’s requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Coventry University Centre for Peace and Reconciliation Studies (CPRS) Coventry, United Kingdom Abstract Reforming the education system to reflect a new vision of society is part of many peacebuilding efforts in post-conflict societies.
    [Show full text]
  • The Civilian Impact of Turkey's Operation Claw-Lightning
    1 No Return: The Civilian Impact of Turkey’s Operation Claw-Lightning No Return: The Civilian Impact of Turkey’s Operation Claw-Lightning June 2021 Christian Peacemaker Teams - Iraqi Kurdistan [email protected] (+964) (0) 770 291 6487 www.facebook.com/cpt.ik www.cptik.org 2 No Return: The Civilian Impact of Turkey’s Operation Claw-Lightning Table of Contents Summary 4 The Beginning of Operation Claw-Lightning in Kesta Village 5 Chalke Village: Nowhere to Escape 6 Life Under Threat in Hirure Village 6 Turkey’s Operation Strikes East of Kesta 7 Economic and Environmental Impact on Kani Masi Sub-District 8 Operation Claw-Lightning Impacts in Avashin Region 9 Civilian Injuries from Operation Claw-Lightning 9 Conclusion 10 Recommendations 11 Appendix: 12 - Local Context 12 - Map of Turkish Military Control and Expansion in K RI 13 3 No Return: The Civilian Impact of Turkey’s Operation Claw-Lightning Summary This report documents the impact of the Turkish Armed Forces’ (TAF) Operation Claw-Lightning on the civilian population living in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). Operation Claw-Lightning is a cross-border military operation that Turkey began on April 23, 2021. Turkey claims that the operation targets the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) to eliminate terrorism in the Kurdistan Region. To launch its operation, Turkey has deployed paratroopers across the Turkey-Iraq border to construct military bases in the Kurdistan Region with the accompaniment of aerial and artillery bombardments. As Turkey has constructed these bases, it has further advanced into the Kurdistan Region to establish what Turkey claims is a security zone, spanning along the Turkey-Iraq border.
    [Show full text]