READING FOOD in BOYS LOVE MANGA a Gastronomic Study of Food and Male Homosexuality in the Manga Work of Yoshinaga Fumi
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READING FOOD IN BOYS LOVE MANGA A Gastronomic Study of Food and Male Homosexuality in the Manga Work of Yoshinaga Fumi Xuan Bach Tran A dissertation submitted to AUT University in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Gastronomy 2018 School of Hospitality and Tourism Primary Supervisor: Hamish Bremner Secondary Supervisor: Andrew Douglas TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................. iii ATTESTATION OF AUTHORSHIP ................................................................. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................. v ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... vi CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 1 I. Why Reading Food in Boys Love Manga? ............................................. 1 II. Food, Gender, Manga and Lives of The Ordinary................................... 3 III. Yoshinaga Fumi’s manga work as texts ................................................. 4 IV. Research Question ................................................................................. 5 V. Chapters Outlines................................................................................... 5 VI. A Note on Japanese Names, Terminology, and the Manga Way ............. 6 CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................ 7 I. Gastronomy: An Interdisciplinary and Multidimensional Approach ....... 7 1. Food Matters................................................................................. 7 2. Gastronomy .................................................................................. 8 II. Gastronomic Boys Love Manga ............................................................. 9 1. Manga and Manga Studies ............................................................ 9 2. Food in Manga .............................................................................. 10 2.1. Gurume Manga .................................................................. 11 2.2. Boys Love Manga ............................................................. 14 2.3. Gastronomic Boys Love Manga ......................................... 16 III. A Gastronomic Study of Food and Male Homosexuality in BL Manga .. 18 CHAPTER 3. METHODOLOGY ....................................................................... 20 I. Methodology.......................................................................................... 20 1. Semiotics ...................................................................................... 20 2. Justification .................................................................................. 22 3. Semiotic Analysis ......................................................................... 24 II. Ethics, Trustworthiness, Reliability and Validity .................................... 24 III. Limitations ............................................................................................ 26 CHAPTER 4. THE AUTHOR – YOSHINAGA FUMI ...................................... 27 I. A Successful Boys Love Author ............................................................ 27 II. A Feminist ............................................................................................. 29 III. A Food Lover ........................................................................................ 31 i CHAPTER 5. THE MOON AND THE SANDALS ............................................ 33 I. Overview ............................................................................................... 33 II. Analysis and Discussion ........................................................................ 34 1. The cooking student and the home-cooked dinner ......................... 34 2. Lunches with the picky bully ........................................................ 37 3. The Homemade Lunchbox ............................................................ 40 CHAPTER 6. ANTIQUE BAKERY ................................................................... 43 I. Overview ............................................................................................... 43 II. Analysis and Discussion ........................................................................ 44 1. The Legendary Gay Pâtissier ........................................................ 45 2. Antique Bakery ............................................................................. 49 CHAPTER 7. NOT LOVE BUT DELICIOUS FOODS MAKE ME SO HAPPY! ................... 52 I. Overview ............................................................................................... 52 II. Analysis and Discussion ........................................................................ 53 1. Inside the restaurant ...................................................................... 54 2. Outside the Restaurant .................................................................. 56 CHAPTER 8. WHAT DID YOU EAT YESTERDAY? ..................................... 59 I. Overview ............................................................................................... 59 II. Analysis and Discussion ........................................................................ 60 1. The Cooking Middle-Aged Man ................................................... 60 2. The ‘Gay’ Versus the ‘Mother-Like’ Cooking............................... 62 3. The happy home kitchen and dinner table ..................................... 65 CHAPTER 9. DISCUSSION ............................................................................... 72 I. Introduction ........................................................................................... 72 II. Reading Food in Yoshinaga’s Fumi Boys Love Manga .......................... 74 III. Towards A Postmodern Condition of Gender and Sexuality in Japan ..... 77 1. Familiarising and understanding the exotic and controversial ........ 78 2. Towards a Postmodern Condition of Gender and Sexuality ........... 80 CHAPTER 10. CONCLUSION........................................................................... 83 I. The Research .......................................................................................... 83 II. Yoshinaga’s Food, Cooking and Male Homosexuality ........................... 84 III. The Gastronomic Mirror of Male Love .................................................. 86 REFERENCES .................................................................................................... 88 ii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 5.0. The Moon And The Sandals, Vol. 1 Cover ........................................... 33 (Yoshinaga, 2007a) Figure 5.1. Kobayashi feeds Ida ............................................................................. 36 (Yoshinaga, 2007a, p. 15) Figure 5.2. Toyo’s complaint about Kobayashi’s lunchbox .................................... 39 (Yoshinaga, 2007a, p. 70) Figure 5.3. Toyo’s supervisor on Kobayashi’s lunchbox ........................................ 42 (Yoshinaga, 2007b, p. 118) Figure 6.0. Antique Bakery, Vol. 1 Cover .............................................................. 44 (Yoshinaga, 2005a) Figure 6.1. Ono in the shy and gentle form............................................................. 47 (Yoshinaga, 2006a, p. 34) Figure 6.2. Ono in the charming gay form .............................................................. 47 (Yoshinaga, 2006a, p. 37) Figure 6.3. Ono’s food makes them want to dance ................................................. 48 (Yoshinaga, 2006a, p. 43) Figure 7.0. Not Love But Delicious Foods Make Me So Happy! Cover.................. 53 (Yoshinaga, 2010) Figure 7.1. “They all fall to power of deliciousness” .............................................. 56 (Yoshinaga, 2010, p. 43) Figure 8.0. What Did You Yesterday? Vol. 5 Cover............................................... 59 (Yoshinaga, 2014e) Figure 8.1. The ‘Mother-like’ lunchbox ................................................................. 63 (Yoshinaga, 2015a, p. 47) Figure 8.2. The Gay lunchbox ................................................................................ 63 (Yoshinaga, 2015a, p. 48) Figure 8.3. The tonkatsu dinner .............................................................................. 70 (Yoshinaga, 20142, p. 129) iii ATTESTATION OF AUTHORSHIP I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person except where explicitly defined in the acknowledgements, nor material which to a substantial extent has been submitted for the award of any other degree or diploma of a university or other institution of higher learning. Xuan Bach Tran ___________________________________ iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am grateful to… Dr Hamish Bremner, for guiding and encouraging me through this journey, Dr Andrew Douglas, for supporting my idea even when it is the maddest one, everyone at the School of Hospitality and Tourism at AUT, for all their supports during the last two years, my family, for letting me do what I wanted to do (although I am sure that you have no slightest idea of what I am doing), my ‘anthropologic’ significant other, for sparing time with me from across the ocean, arguing with me on every academic topic, and always supporting me no matter what, all my friends, for listening to my