Rgpofts of the Museum of Natural History -University of Wisconsin (Stevens Point)
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
RgpOftS of the Museum of Natural History -University of Wisconsin (Stevens Point) KEPORTS 32-34 RgpOftS of the Museum of Natural History University of Wisconsin (Stevens Point) REPORTS 32-34 lr $* j:' RgpOftS of the ilruseum of Naturat rristory 'L University of Wisconsin (Stevens Point) REPORTS 3'14 (in part) nfieiled December 13, 1993 ' t I $ A MESSAGE TROM IUE MUSET'M After publication of Rcpon #31, 'Phenology in wisconsin" (K. Irttau and H. E' r'ettau, edts'), we ate pleaied to rcturn to a series of papers tneating butterfties the New world hopics. rn of November 1993 the-rrwsF rnru-r*r orx"t raiHistory received an 'Anard- of Appreciation" (signified bt flaque now in rhe Mus- eum) fr'om an association or cotomuian rbioqet"itri,"L;" tiuseums and institutions in new generic namerfor-butterfliesrecanuy made uy Am"?tmt "r"il"ur" Butterflies arc among the best "indicators' of ecologies, and eoological health, amoqg the various organisms studied by.Eopical ui"r"grc. Not onry are contem- porary species readily s1pba oy scieritists, rtro*tr t other collectors, a wealth of historical material exists u.ou* orthe tong t"-i firus, tr6; in these colorful insects. butterfties are one 0r" major stud/goups t, th; ,hot qpots", 9f effort to undershnd or priority aneali' in the etrorts pneservi to biodivenity worldwide (see New York Times, Science Times, glzglg3,p. i). Over the last years, to qeate a ,target basic resource for designating faunas, in the biodivssitv oonsentation effort, major wort ud-ongoing to prwarc lists of butterflies inhabiting tl" ll"to modern worro od;t:Th; uwsp Muse'm of Natural rristory is pleased to- be a .qiot source or oe.sctipdve **t i' this direction. The curcnt Repns continue ttris effort. Frank Bowers, ph.D. Director # m ..iig rf ;,' REPORTS of the wisconsin Museum of Nat'ral HistorT, universitv of Stevens Point NO.32 nryg Utts. Nat. Hlrr,. Anirrtitl_ofWsansin lsr@) ABSTRACT Draudt's T. hesperitk "Group" but most of this "Groupn Four new genera are described, comprising to Calystryma Field, 1967, etc.). Numerous members of four of twelve monophyletic assemblages in the large such "Groupsn, alike only in very superficial characters of "Electostrynon graden of Neotropical Eumaeini. The the dog, can be found in a variety of newly named gen- new genera include Gigantontbra, CYimsirwta, Ziegler- era cross-referenced here. ia and Nicolaea, prcsented in fully revised format and Gi g ant orubr a, CYims inot a, Zi e gl ria and Nicolae a contrasted to eight other genera being treated con- are each pan-Neotropical (excluding the Antilles). How- currently elseufrere. The newly described genera in- ever, Gigantorubra is one of several new genera including clude (most generally) clusters from the historical mainland members with ancient phylogenetic affinitie.s to grade 'ThrcIa" (New World Eumaeini) previously re- the still unrevised Antillean " Electrostrymon" assemblage, ferred to in common us4ge as the T. zurl<vitzi (Schaus), the laffer clearly a nonmonophyletic group of multiple T. socia (Hewitson), T. hespritis (Druce) and T. historical origins. wluttan-related assembla ges . Genera and species treated include the fol- INTRODUCTION lowing (L indicating lectotlpe designation): In 1991 I published a taxonomy for various genera Gigantrcrubruz zurlcv'ttzi (Schaus), picentia of the "Calycopis/ Calystryma grade" of Eumaeini (sensu (Ilewitson), collrcia (Hewitson) (L) , nubilwm (Dnrce), Eliot 1973) (Iohnson 1991a) &d, in appended sections, fertunda (Jo nes ), orcidia Hewitso o, new co mbinatio ns separated Electostrymon Clench (1961) from a new genus (from Thecla); new species adatnsi, argenomomana, Angulopis. These descriptions distinguished two major baldo, clittoni, qotissit to, mclarwrubra, minhnta, stnrctural groupings in a larger group of Theclinae often necbdaca, ornattuntata, shueyi, sitttplica, solitaria, referred to as the "Electrostrymon grade" of Thecla or (in and tSensis. G. orcidia, shueyi and tafiensls are men- nonmonophyletic nomenclatures like Riley's 1975 usages tioned as representing a generic subgroup of multistri- for the Antilles) simply "Electrostrymon". I constrasted ped members doubtlessly containing numerous other the very different morphological stnrctures of Angulopis species, hth undescribed and in Thecla. and Electrostrymon (the latter sensu stricto from type spe- Crimsinstaz rubtfer (Dnrce) socia (Hewitson) cies Papilio endymion Fabricius) and stated that numerous (L), new combinations (from Thecla); new species monophyletic gtoups (e.g. genera) remained to be delinea- argantina, cyarwruba, giganta, perplqissima. ted from the large "Electrostrymon grade". Zieslcrb: hespqitis (Dnrce), new combint- In 1992 study was completed concerning morpho- tion (from Anguloprs), new species bmtardi, cyanis- logical charac'ters in type specimens and other samples sitma, msicaru, lwfnuni. A divergent "isolatedn new representing the "Electrostrymon grade'. This study 'the species is also tentatively described here as Z. compen- included historical material housed at Natural History dirn but likely represents an undescribed sister clade. Museum (tnndon)@MNHr) and other institutions. Based Nbolaea: wlumen (Dnrce) , cauter (Dnrce) on these studis, I and a colleague completed revision of new ombinations (from Thecla), new species gagar- Anguloprs (sensu stricto) (Johnson and lftoenlein, in press ini, lntduriana, mrrcromtr, tniaonota, pertainea. N. a). The number of remaining groups requiring definition aorner requires careful differentiation from a complex within the overall assemblage was massive. Part of this of poorly-known and often misidentified taxa in Thecla was because Electrostryrn'on.tent. strict. included so few including obelus Dmce and begrada Hewitson. species (Johnson and Iftoenlein, in press b). In addition, Modern revisionary work, based on wing and the "red-banded" groups of Thecla, long a "hodge-podgeo morphological characters, continues to redefine old of taxa included in such grades as Draudts (1919) "hesper- ncecropsn, nazia" nba- common us4ge "Groups" in Thecla. Contrasting some itisn, "orcidia", "endymionn, and modern eumaeine genera generally corresponding to daca" Groups included a myriad of described taxa along historical "Groupsn of Thecla (e.g. "laxurina Group" with many long-ignored undescribed species. The present Draudt, 1919 4 Theclaxurina Johnson, 1992, etc.), paper provides a taxonomy for four of the twelve groups nElectrostrymon struceual characters in the four genera included here making up the larger grade" and presents indicate farflung af,finities and show their original asso- a fully elucidated nomenclature for the pan-Neotropical ciations with titular taxa of old Thecla "Groups" long genera Gigamorubra, &itttsirwta, Ziegleria and Nicolaea. since removed to other modern genera (e.g. T. vol- I urnen in Draudt's l9l9 T. qia "Group" but azia Hew- I use this sbbreviation consistent with the United Kingdom ("UK') (Nahrrel itson to ll,Iinistrymon statuSory nsme 'British Museum History)' u&ich, for legal Clench 196l T. zurlcviai in purposes in the IJK, has remained unchanged. Wbottsin (Stcrrcru Poin) 2 Rcpotts, Mtts. Nal Hist. Univwsity of I data),Remarks and Ety- MATERHI,S AND METHODS bution as noted from collection pla (provided for alt new taxa and for taxa without &Ilcdbns. Specimens were studied at the mology scl @mmentary in the literature). Allyn Museum of Entomology, Florida Museum of previous dur follows Johnson (19- Natural History (AI\{E); American Museum of Natural Termiwlogl. Terminology for brevity DFTV,DHW (upper [dorsa[ surface History (AI{NIO; the Natural History Museum (Lon- 91a) using I'op \IFTV,\ru{W (under surface don) (BMNID $ncluding recently available material FTV, hindwing) and [ventralJ terms for venation follow from the Adams/Bernard Expeditions to Colombia and forewipg, hindwing). Otherwise fro (including "Thecla-spot" for the Venezuela), Carnegie Museum of Natural History Clench Qge, tmST wh spot cell CuAl). It should be noted (CMNII); Instituto blogia, Fundaci6n Miguel Lillo VHW marginal in aftr of androconial (tt\ILX Milwaukee Rrblic Museum (MPM); and Mus- that most genera tack the DF'V/ clusters wi scales which Eliot (1973) (and many other fum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) (lv[t{NH). (:pheremonal) anI obrands'. However, one genus treated Specimens from private collections of David Matusik authors) refer to as uni so is mentioned here. In the (Skokie, Illinois), Henri Descimon (Marseille, France) herein shows this feature it ion specializations of the ter- and Robcrt C. Eisele and Bruce MacPherson (Jujuy, morphology, some genera show grc terminology for these used Argentina) were also found relevant with some repre- minal tergltes. I adopt the bar Johnson (1988; 1989&,bi sentative specimens deposited at AlvINH. widely by Field (1967a,b) and wit incised posterior cavity" hletlnds: Five criteria were used for deter- 1990a & in press) "subcordate cos use the term "bntsh organ" consis- mining genera: (1) none is monotypic; (2) each is [abbreviated sipcJ. I bas bundles of elongate comprised of species sharing a number of major stnrc- tent with Eliot (1973) to refer to bril vinculum dorsum when ttrral characters not present in other genera; (3) con- microtrichia which clear to the wh Some general abbre- gener males and female ane apparent from dissection of genitalia are removed by dissection. acr the text include OD (original description), as many male/female pairs with duplicate collection viations used in nea (north, etc.), C (central)' GP(s)