District Balrampur Was Quite Alarming
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1 A Report On Base Line Survey of Minority Concentrated Balrampur District in Uttar Pradesh Submitted to Ministry of Minority Affairs Government of India New Delhi By D. M. Diwakar Giri Institute of Development Studies Sector O, Aliganj Housing Scheme Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 2008 Survey Team D.M. Diwakar Santosh Kumar Jaiswal Raghvendra Singh Arvind Kumar Singh Hemant Kumar Singh Satish Chandra Rao Arun Kumar Mishra ii iii Acknowledgement This survey was completed with a team effort and cooperation from different corners. Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India sponsored this survey and assigned this task to the Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR), New Delhi. ICSSR engaged Giri Institute of Development Studies (GIDS), Lucknow for carrying out this task in the select districts of Uttar Pradesh. I am grateful to the GIDS, Lucknow for providing me this opportunity. I was involved in monitoring strenuous task of data collection with the assistance of a team of field investigators. We were provided printed village and household schedules by the Institute and therefore items and dimensions of data collection were pre defined. Data processing and tabulation were coordinated by the Institute and thus dimensions of analysis were also predetermined. However, district level data were available on the web site of the government of Uttar Pradesh (UP), which was of immense help for me to understand district profiles. Report writing on the basis of given processed and tabulated data was assigned to me for this survey. Hence, with the limited scope of analysis on the basis of given processed field data, this report was prepared for the use of the Ministry of Minority Affairs and concerned authority of the state and district. D.M. Diwakar iv Contents Page · Survey Team i · District Map ii · Acknowledgements iii · List of Tables v · Abbreviations viii · Executive Summary i x 1. Introduction 1 2. District Profiles 4 3. Sample Village Profiles 18 4. Socio-Economic Conditions of Sample Households 30 5. Development Gaps and Priorities 59 Annexure – I: List of Sample Village v List of Tables Table 1.1: Select Villages Locations and Size of Samples for Baseline Survey of the Minority Concentrated Balrampur District of Uttar Pradesh Table 2.1: Demographic shares in respective regions and with respect to India Table 2.2 Percentage Distribution of Population by Religious Category of respective regions and with respect to India Table 2.3: Status of Literacy by region and sex Table 2.4: Changes in Workforce Participation in Balrampur District Table 2.5: Land Use Pattern in Balrampur District of UP. Table 2.6: Percentage Distribution of Operational Holdings in Balrampur, Uttar Pradesh and India during 2000-01 (%) Table 2.7: Percentage Area Irrigated by Source in the District Table 2.8: Cropping Pattern in Balrampur District and UP Table 2.9: Livestock in Balrampur District of Uttar Pradesh Table 2.10: Number of Livestock per facility available in the district Table 2.11: Net Sown Area (ha) per Machinery in Balrampur District Table 2.12: Fertilizer Consumption (Kg/ ha NSA) in Balrampur District and UP in 2005-06 Table 2.13: Productivity of Major Crops in Balrampur District (Qntl/ha) Table 2.14: Industrial Development in Balrampur District Table 2.15 Industries run by types of Institutions in Balrampur Table 2. 16 : Agricultural and Non-Agricultural Entrepreneurs in Balrampur Table 2. 17: Villages with All Weather Roads in Balrampur Table 2.18: Electrification in Balrampur Districts of Uttar Pradesh Table 2.19: Consumption of Electricity (kw/h) in Balrampur District Table 2.20: Cooperative Societies in Balrampur District Table 2.21 : Seed and Fertile Sale Centres in Balrampur Table 2.22: Population per educational Institution in Balrampur Table 2.23: Population per educational Institution in Balrampur Table 2.24: Allopathic Health Infrastructure in Balrampur District Table 2.25: Other Health Infrastructures in Balrampur District Table 2.26: Per capita Income and Credit Deposit Ratio Table 3.1: Population of Sample Villages by Religious category Table 3.2: Occupational Pattern in sample villages Table 3.3: Land Use Pattern in sample villages of Balrampur District Table 3.4: Sources of Irrigation Table 3. 5: Facilities in Selected Sample Villages Table 3. 6: Percentage Distribution of Villages with Educational Facilities Table 3. 7: Class wise Average Number of Enrolment in Primary School Table 3. 8: Physical Structure of the Schools Table 3. 9 : Private Schools and Preference of People for Schools Table 3. 10: Percentage of Villages with Health Facilities in Balrampur District Table3. 11: Percentage Distribution of V illages with Facilities at the Sub-centre or PHC Table 3.12: Percentage Distribution of Village by Frequency of Visits and Types of Health Staff Table 3. 13: Percentage Distribution of Village by Conditions of PHC/sub-centre vi Table 3.14: Private Medical Facilities Table 3. 15: Drinking water Table 3. 15: Status of Sanitation in sample villages Table 3. 17:Aanganwadi/ICDS Centre in Sample Villages Table 3.18: Individual Beneficiary per Household by Select Development and Social Security Programmes Table 3. 19: Public Distribution System Table 3. 20: Self-help Groups Table 3.21: Percentage Distribution of Villages by Organization Table 3.22: Percentage Distribution of Villages with Other Facilities Table 4.1 Distribution of household by religion Table 4.2 Distribution of Households by caste Table 4.3: Percentage Distribution of the Population of Sample Households by Religion and Sex Table 4.4 Distribution of household by Mother Tongue and other known Language Table 4.5 Distribution of Households by size of Family Table 4.6 Composition of Family Members by age groups Table 4.7: Percentage Distribution of population of the sample households by Sex and Level of Education Table 4.8: Educational characteristics of family members of the sample households Table 4.9: Education Status of Children 5 to 15 years Table 4.10: Distribution of family members by their primary occupation Table 4.11: Distribution of working family members by their Secondary occupation Table 4.12: Distribution of working household members by type of employment Table 4.13: Working Status of Family Members Table 4.14: Employment/Occupational Characteristics of working family members Table 4.15 Employment by industrial category Table 4.16: Per worker person days employment in main occupation Table 4.17: Per worker person days employment in secondary occupation Table 4.18 : Details of Migrants Workers Table 4.19 Preferences of households for additional employment Table 4.20: Distribution of household s by size of land holding Table 4.21: Distribution of Households by value of land Table 4.22: Distribution of Livestock in the Sample Households Table 4.23: Distribution of households by value of livestock Table 4.25: Average Value (Rs) of various asset owned by different religious categories Table 4.26: Distribution of Households by Housing status of the Sample Households Table 4.27: Average income per household by different source(Rs) vii Table 28: Distribution of Households by Size of family Income Table 4.29 Distribution of Households by Size of family Expenditure (annual) Table 4.30: Average expenditure per households on different heads Table 4.31: Distribution of households by amount of loan Table 4.32: Distribution of Households by Reason and Source of Indebtedness Table 4.33: Aspiration of Parents regarding their children's education Table 4.34: Willingness of respondents for obtaining training Table 4.35: Details of Illness in the family Table 4.36: Details of Vaccination among children below five years Table 4.37: Assistance in last delivery Table 4.38: Details related to Status of BPL Households and Availability of Foodgrains and Other Items through PDS Table 4.39: Awareness of Development Programmes Table 4.40: Participation in Democratic Political and Collective Activities by communities Table 4.41: Level of Media Exposure of Respondents by Religious Community Table 4.42: Expectations and Preference of respondents regarding facilities needed special attention Table 4.43: Views of the respondents regarding the most important aspects lagging in their lives' Table 5.1: Development Gaps on the Basis of Select Socio-Economic Indicators viii Abbreviations APL = Above poverty line BPL = Below poverty line CHC = Community Health Centre ENT = Eyes Neck and Throat Ha = Hectare IAY = Indira Awas Yojana ICDS = Integrated Child Development Scheme KM = Kilo metre NFHS = National Family Health Survey NGO = Non – governmental Organisation NREGS = National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme NSA = Net Sown Area NSS= National Sample Survey PDS = Public Distribution System PHC = Primary Health Centre PPS = probability proportion to size PRI = Panchayati Raj Institution SC = Scheduled Caste SGSY = Swarn Jayanit Gram Swarojgar Yojana SHG = Self Help Groups SRSWOR = systematic random sampling without replacement SSA = Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan SSS= second stage stratum ST =scheduled tribe UP = Uttar Pradesh WPS = Widow Pension Scheme ix Executive Summary Government of India identified minority concentrated 90 districts, which were relatively backward in terms of socio-economic indicators and basic amenities with respect to national average. In order to address the development needs of those districts it was decided at the level of Central Government to work out and implement a multi-sectoral development programme. For this purpose a base line survey in identified 90 backward districts was conducted. Balrampur was identified as one of such districts of Uttar Pradesh from which 900 sample households spread over 30 villages were covered for this study. General Features · According to census 2001, population of the district was 16.8 lakh with a density of 576, nearly double to all India figure (Table 2.1). About 92 per cent of the population of this district was living in rural areas against 72 per cent of the total population of the country.