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Tekijän Niim Esa Nietula From Vision to Reality: Making of a 3D Environment Thesis Kajaani University of Applied Sciences Bachelor of Business Administration Business Information Technology programme 3.3.2013 OPINNÄYTETYÖ TIIVISTELMÄ Koulutusala Koulutusohjelma Luonnontieteiden ala Tietojenkäsittelyn koulutusohjelma Tekijä(t) Esa Nietula Työn nimi From Vision to Reality: Making of a 3D Environment Vaihtoehtoisetvaihtoehtiset ammattiopinnot Ohjaaja(t) Peligrafiikka Nick Sweetman Toimeksiantaja Aika Sivumäärä ja liitteet 3.3.2013 53 From Vision to Reality: Making of a 3D Environmen t käsittelee korkealaatuisen 3D-peliympäristön luontia Unreal Development Kit (UDK) avulla. UDK:ta voidaan käyttää omien pelien sekä sisällön tuottamiseen. UDK käyttää Unreal Engineä, joka on yksi käytetyimmistä pelimoottoreista. Tämä opinnäytetyö tehtiin henkilökohtaisena oppimisprosessina. Päämääränä oli oppia käyttämään UDK:ta, haastamaan työskentelytavat sekä opiskella eri vaiheet, jotka yhdessä auttavat luomaan uskottavan 3D-ympäristön. Peligraafikon on tärkeää opiskella uusia tekniikoita, joita käytetään uusimmissa peleissä sekä on tärkeää omata tehokas työskentelytapa. Opinnäytetyön teoriaosuus koostuu visuaalisen kerronnan tärkeydestä peleissä, ympäristön suunnittelusta, uskottavuuden luonnista sekä UDK:n esittelystä. Työosuus koostuu 3D-ympäristöstä, joka tehtiin tätä opinnäytetyötä varten. Projektiosuus sisältää kuvia eri kehitysvaiheilta, sekä kuvia, jotka esittelevät lopputuloksen. 3D-ympäristö suunniteltiin UDK:ssa ja 3D-objektien mallinnus tehtiin 3ds Max ohjelmassa. Lopullinen ympäristön luonti tapahtui UDK:ssa, jossa määriteltiin valot, värit sekä sommiteltiin ympäristö, jotta saavutettaisiin haluttu tunnelma. Lopputuloksen esittelyä varten tehtiin 3D-ympäristön esittelyvideo. Työssä pyrittiin käyttämään mahdollisimman vähän tekstuureita, sekä luomaan ympäristö mahdollisimman pienellä 3D- objekti määrällä, jotta työmäärä pysyisi sopivana. Referenssinä ja inspiraation lähteinä ympäristölle toimivat elokuvat, pelit, taidekirjat ja internet. Työkalut, joita käytettiin 3D-ympäristön luontiin olivat: 3ds Max, Adobe Photoshop, Adobe After Effects ja UDK. Projektilla onnistuttiin saavuttamaan haluttu laadun taso. Projektin avulla selvisi, kuinka hyvä grafiikka toimii pelaajien kiinnostuksen herättäjänä, helpottaa pelaajien havainnointia 3D-ympäristössä sekä ohjaa pelaajat oikeaan suuntaan. Peliympäristöjen pitäisi kertoa pelaajille tarina ja saada pelaajat tuntemaan pelimaailman kylmä tai lämmin ilmasto äänien ja grafiikan avulla. Värien ja valon vaikutus peliympäristön tunnelmaan on erittäin suuri, jonka johdosta niitä pitäisi miettiä tarkkaan. Projekti herätti kiinnostuksen opettelemaan enemmän UDK:sta, sekä käyttämään uusia opittuja työskentelytapoja ja -tekniikoita seuraavissa projekteissa. Kieli Englanti Asiasanat UDK, Unreal Development Kit, environment, 3D, 3D environment, tower Säilytyspaikka Verkkokirjasto Theseus Kajaanin ammattikorkeakoulun kirjasto THESIS ABSTRACT School Degree Programme Kajaani University of Applied Sciences Business Information Technology degree Author(s) Esa Nietula Title From Vision to Reality: Making of a 3D Environment Optionalvaihtoehtiset Professional Studies Instructor(s) Game graphics Nick Sweetman Commissioned by Date Total Number of Pages and Appendices 3.3.2013 53 From Vision to Reality: Making of a 3D Environment is about creating of a top quality 3D environment with the Unreal Development Kit (UDK). The UDK is a toolset for developers that can be used to create your own games and content. The UDK is powered by the Unreal Engine, one of the most versatile game engines to date. The thesis project was done for personal learning purposes. The goals were to learn to use the UDK, challenge the working methods, and to study the aspects that go into creating a believable 3D environment. For a game graphics artist it is vital to study new techniques being applied for games, and having a good workflow is essential. The theory section focuses on the importance of visuals in games, planning of an environment, creating believability, and introducing the UDK's features. The work section consists of a 3D environment made for this thesis. The process is accompanied with screenshots from different stages of the development, as well as final screenshots of the environment. The environment was blocked out in the UDK and the modeling was done in 3ds Max. The final setup for the environment was done in the UDK, where composition, lighting, and colors were adjusted to achieve the desired atmosphere. To display the result, a fly-through video of the environment was made. The work was limited to use as low an amount of textures as possible, and the amount of 3D objects was to be kept low in order to get the environment done, quality over quantity. For inspiration, movies, Internet, art books, and games were used. The tools used were 3ds Max, Adobe Photoshop, Adobe After Effects, and the UDK. The project succeeded in achieving the level of quality that was aimed at. It was found out that good visuals are important in attracting players, helping them in navigating the environment and highlighting important objects. The environments should tell a story to the players through its objects, and make the viewers feel the warmth or coldness of the environment through the use of audiovisuals. The impact that lighting and colors have on the atmosphere of an environment is huge and they have to be thought out carefully. This project has sparked an interest to study the UDK further and to incorporate the new learned working methods to future projects. Language of Thesis English Keywords UDK, Unreal Development Kit, environment, 3D, 3D environment, tower Deposited at Electronic library Theseus Library of Kajaani University of Applied Sciences CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 2 2 BASICS OF 3D ................................................................................................................................ 3 2.1 3D geometry ...................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Textures & mapping ......................................................................................................... 5 3 THE IMPORTANCE OF VISUALS IN GAMES .................................................................... 7 3.1 Materials & shapes ............................................................................................................ 7 3.2 Composition ...................................................................................................................... 7 3.3 Color & light ...................................................................................................................... 8 3.4 Perception ....................................................................................................................... 10 4 PLANNING THE ENVIRONMENT & DESIGN RESTRICTIONS ............................. 11 4.1 Concept & vision ........................................................................................................... 12 4.2 Blueprint & 3D prototype ............................................................................................ 13 4.3 Art style ........................................................................................................................... 14 4.4 Game worlds: Creating believability ........................................................................... 14 4.5 Summary ......................................................................................................................... 16 5 INTRODUCING UNREAL DEVELOPMENT KIT .......................................................... 18 5.1 The UDK editor ............................................................................................................ 18 5.2 The Level editor ............................................................................................................. 19 5.3 The Matinee editor ........................................................................................................ 19 5.4 The Kismet editor .......................................................................................................... 20 5.5 The Material editor ........................................................................................................ 21 5.6 The Cascade editor ........................................................................................................ 22 5.7 BSP brushes .................................................................................................................... 23 5.8 Direct & Indirect illumination ..................................................................................... 24 5.9 Lightmass ........................................................................................................................ 24 5.10 Lightmapping ............................................................................................................... 26 6 THESIS PROJECT: THE TOWER .......................................................................................... 27 6.1 Milestones ....................................................................................................................... 27 6.2 Art style ..........................................................................................................................
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