DOCSLIB.ORG

Intertextuality, Humour, and Sexual Education in Early-Modern Japan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Intertextuality, Humour, and Sexual Education in Early-Modern Japan Shunpon: Intertextuality, Humour, and Sexual Education in Early-modern Japan Maria Lucia Bugno Department of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies University of Cambridge This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Emmanuel College June 2018 Abstract Shunpon: Intertextuality, Humour, and Sexual Education in Early-modern Japan This dissertation explores the sexually explicit rewritings of earlier literature in early-modern shunpon production. The term shunpon is used today by scholars to refer to books containing shunga (images displaying explicit sexual content), which were produced in Japan throughout the Edo period (1600-1868). Despite the remarkable output of shunpon, until recently the textual part of this corpus has seldom been the object of academic study, which has focused mostly on pictures. By analysing the texts in shunpon, I examine the characteristics of these early-modern writings, their aims, readership, and connection with the whole literary panorama of the time. Besides the sexual and satirical uses that have been put forward so far, this study emphasises other aims for these works, namely humour and sexual education. In particular, the focus on shunpon rewritings of earlier literature reveals how our own perception of these works, considered canonical today, differs from how they were read at the time. The introduction gives an outline of the theoretical framework. Chapter One analyses the shunpon rewritings of the 17th-century Meijo nasake kurabe (Famous Women: Comparisons of Affection), a collection of stories which has so far been considered a minor work. Chapter Two takes up the 18th-century rewritings of Makura no sōshi (The Pillow Book), a work that is considered canonical today. Chapter Three examines the re-adaptations of another Heian- period classic, Ise monogatari (Tales of Ise), which cover a vast range of works, such as narrative prose texts, sex manuals and miscellaneous illustrated books. Chapter Four turns to the erotic rewritings of Genji monogatari (The Tale of Genji), which were published between the 17th and the 19th century. Bringing together the main arguments of the discussion, the conclusion points out how this research on the texts in shunpon offers new insight into the study of parody, intertextuality, pornography, and the erotic. Declaration I hereby declare that his dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. It is not substantially the same as any that I have submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for a degree or diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. I further state that no substantial part of my dissertation has already been submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for any such degree, diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text This dissertation does not exceed the prescribed word limit of 100.000 words including footnotes. Maria Lucia Bugno i ii To the memory of my father. iii iv v TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................. vii Note to the Reader ................................................................................................................................. ix Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1 Shunpon and the state of literature .................................................................................................. 3 The discovery of new critical venues .............................................................................................. 6 Defining terms ................................................................................................................................ 8 Shunpon rewritings: a history of reception ................................................................................... 16 Chapter 1. Making explicit what was implicit: Meijo nasake kurabe as a source for shunpon ....... 19 Meijo nasake kurabe: an educational work for women or an erotic book? .................................. 20 Genji on-iro asobi: humour in shunpon rewritings ....................................................................... 36 Kōshoku meijo makura: a digest with a sex manual ..................................................................... 57 Chapter 2 List with a twist: Makura no sōshi reinterpreted .............................................................. 70 Makura no sōshi as a canonical text: Reception vs Reputation .................................................... 71 First substitution: Makura no sōshi and its reputation as a succession of lists ............................. 74 Second substitution: parodies as a further shift to the erotic......................................................... 78 Shunpon rewritings of Makura no sōshi: a comparison ................................................................ 85 Chapter 3 ‘Zoku-isation’: eroticising Narihira ................................................................................ 110 The canonical Ise monogatari and the shift to the erotic ............................................................ 111 Phase 1: playing with Ise monogatari word by word ................................................................. 115 Phase 2: the celebration of Narihira as the god of sexual union ................................................. 120 Phase 3: Iconic tropes turned into erotic or pornographic scenes ............................................... 124 Phase 4: Mocking Narihira ......................................................................................................... 136 Phase 5: sex disclosed with humour ........................................................................................... 144 Chapter 4 Replacing and reimagining Genji monogatari ............................................................... 160 Genji monogatari replaced.......................................................................................................... 161 Genji monogatari readapted: reconfiguring Genji abridgements ............................................... 166 Genji shinasadame: Recasting narrative knowledge of Genji stories ......................................... 174 A Rustic Genji replacing Prince Genji: shunpon rewritings in the 19th century ......................... 182 Replacing Genji monogatari: waka and kai-awase ..................................................................... 208 Conclusion ………………………………………………………………………………. 222 Appendix 1: shunpon rewritings ......................................................................................................... 227 Appendix 2: Bibliographical data ....................................................................................................... 233 Bibliography ....................................................................................................................................... 235 vi Acknowledgments There are many people and institutions that have made my research possible. I am extremely grateful to my supervisor, Laura Moretti, not only for the superb quality of her supervision, but also for her unstinting support and encouragement during the turbulent times that accompanied the development and writing of the thesis. Also, I wish to thank her for introducing me to the Edo-period literature during our time at Ca' Foscari University. No words in any language can express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor at Senshū University, Itasaka Noriko, who with her kindness, warmth and generosity, made my research in Japan an unforgettable time. I would also like to thank fellow graduate students at Senshū University, in particular Kimura Kaoru. The project benefitted from the generous support of numerous sources of funding, including the Japanese Trust Funds from the Department of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies of the University of Cambridge, a Sasakawa Fellowship, a BAJS fellowship and a John Crump Studentship, and a University of Cambridge Fieldwork subsidy to undertake research in Japan in the summer of 2016. The contribution I received from Emmanuel College (University of Cambridge) allowed me to present at conference venues and to receive further guidance attending to workshops and seminars. I am particularly grateful to collectors who gave me the permission to access their rare books collections making this project possible, especially Sebastian Izzard in New York and Urakami Mitsuru in Tokyo. I am also very grateful to Sasaki Takahiro for the intensive day of teaching at the Cambridge University Library in 2017, and to Ellis Tinios for sharing his knowledge on the materiality of the book on multiple occasions. I owe special thanks to my first-year report examiners, Joshua Mostow and Andrew Gerstle for their thoughtful comments and feedback. Special thanks go to all the people who helped me throughout this project: Ishigami Aki for informing me about the copy of Kōshoku hana susuki held at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, and for all her kind guidance; Kamiya Katsuhiro for making available to
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Timely Timeless.Indd 1 2/12/19 10:26 PM Published by the Trout Gallery, the Art Museum of Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17013
    Timely and Timeless Timely Timely and Timeless Japan’s Modern Transformation in Woodblock Prints THE TROUT GALLERY G38636_SR EXH ArtH407_TimelyTimelessCover.indd 1 2/18/19 2:32 PM March 1–April 13, 2019 Fiona Clarke Isabel Figueroa Mary Emma Heald Chelsea Parke Kramer Lilly Middleton Cece Witherspoon Adrian Zhang Carlisle, Pennsylvania G38636_SR EXH ArtH407_Timely Timeless.indd 1 2/12/19 10:26 PM Published by The Trout Gallery, The Art Museum of Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17013 Copyright © 2019 The Trout Gallery. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from The Trout Gallery. This publication was produced in part through the generous support of the Helen Trout Memorial Fund and the Ruth Trout Endowment at Dickinson College. First Published 2019 by The Trout Gallery, Carlisle, Pennsylvania www.trougallery.org Editor-in-Chief: Phillip Earenfight Design: Neil Mills, Design Services, Dickinson College Photography: Andrew Bale, unless otherwise noted Printing: Brilliant Printing, Exton, Pennsylvania Typography: (Title Block) D-DIN Condensed, Brandon Text, (Interior) Adobe Garamond Pro ISBN: 978-0-9861263-8-3 Printed in the United States COVER: Utagawa Hiroshige, Night View of Saruwaka-machi, from the series One Hundred Famous Views of Edo (detail), 1856. Woodblock print, ink and color on paper. The Trout Gallery, Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA. 2018.3.14 (cat. 7). BACK COVER: Utagawa Hiroshige, Night View of Saruwaka-machi, from the series One Hundred Famous Views of Edo (detail), 1856.
    [Show full text]
  • Mothership.SG
    Search Search Go S’porean Harvard scholar & equity fund associate takes to Tokyo streets as Japan’s 1st foreign oiran The most elegant performer there, if we do say so ourselves. By Yeo Kaiqi | 22 hours 184 Here’s something cool that you might not have heard about that happened late last month. While all of us were busy getting mad about the presidential (s)election, Singaporean Rachel Leng was getting out there and making a name for us in a pretty interesting way. According to The Japan News, one of Japan’s five national newspapers, the 27-year-old was selected to perform as one of five oiran of the annual Shinagawa Shukuba Matsuri festival, an annual cultural event held in Tokyo, Japan. Here she is, second from the left: Photo via Rachel Leng’s Facebook post Advertisement You can see her walking elegantly down the street in super high wooden platform clogs here. In this video in particular, she demonstrates a distinctive style called “soto hachimonji”, in which the walker’s feet trace a sideways arc on the ground: But first, what’s an oiran, and what’s this festival? An oiran is a Japanese prostitute who was very popular and highly regarded mostly for her beauty — not to be confused with the better-known term geisha, who is very skilled in song, dance, playing an instrument, and otherwise entertaining guests. Leng appears in the “Oiran Dochu”, one of the main attractions of the Shinagawa Shukuba Matsuri, which celebrates the history of Shinagawa during the Edo period and its role in making Tokyo the city it is today, by re- creating the din and bustle of the Shinagawa ward back then.
    [Show full text]
  • Reading the Miraculous Powers of Japanese Poetry Spells, Truth Acts, and a Medieval Buddhist Poetics of the Supernatural
    Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 32/: –33 © 2005 Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture R. Keller Kimbrough Reading the Miraculous Powers of Japanese Poetry Spells, Truth Acts, and a Medieval Buddhist Poetics of the Supernatural The supernatural powers of Japanese poetry are widely documented in the lit- erature of Heian and medieval Japan. Twentieth-century scholars have tended to follow Orikuchi Shinobu in interpreting and discussing miraculous verses in terms of ancient (arguably pre-Buddhist and pre-historical) beliefs in koto- dama 言霊, “the magic spirit power of special words.” In this paper, I argue for the application of a more contemporaneous hermeneutical approach to the miraculous poem-stories of late-Heian and medieval Japan: thirteenth- century Japanese “dharani theory,” according to which Japanese poetry is capable of supernatural effects because, as the dharani of Japan, it contains “reason” or “truth” (kotowari) in a semantic superabundance. In the first sec- tion of this article I discuss “dharani theory” as it is articulated in a number of Kamakura- and Muromachi-period sources; in the second, I apply that the- ory to several Heian and medieval rainmaking poem-tales; and in the third, I argue for a possible connection between the magico-religious technology of Indian “Truth Acts” (saccakiriyā, satyakriyā), imported to Japan in various sutras and sutra commentaries, and some of the miraculous poems of the late- Heian and medieval periods. keywords: waka – dharani – kotodama – katoku setsuwa – rainmaking – Truth Act – saccakiriyā, satyakriyā R. Keller Kimbrough is an Assistant Professor of Japanese at Colby College. In the 2005– 2006 academic year, he will be a Visiting Research Fellow at the Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sexual Life of Japan : Being an Exhaustive Study of the Nightless City Or the "History of the Yoshiwara Yūkwaku"
    Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924012541797 Cornell University Library HQ 247.T6D27 1905 *erng an exhau The sexual life of Japan 3 1924 012 541 797 THE SEXUAL LIFE OF JAPAN THE SEXUAL LIFE OF JAPAN BEING AN EXHAUSTIVE STUDY OF THE NIGHTLESS CITY 1^ ^ m Or the "HISTORY of THE YOSHIWARA YUKWAKU " By J, E. DE BECKER "virtuous men hiive siitd, both in poetry and ulasslo works, that houses of debauch, for women of pleasure and for atreet- walkers, are the worm- eaten spots of cities and towns. But these are necessary evils, and If they be forcibly abolished, men of un- righteous principles will become like ravelled thread." 73rd section of the " Legacy of Ityasu," (the first 'I'okugawa ShOgun) DSitl) Niimrraiia SUuatratiuna Privately Printed . Contents PAGE History of the Yosliiwara Yukwaku 1 Nilion-dzutsumi ( 7%e Dyke of Japan) 15 Mi-kaeri Yanagi [Oazing back WUlow-tree) 16 Yosliiwara Jiuja ( Yoahiwara Shrine) 17 The "Aisome-zakura " {Chen-y-tree of First Meeting) 18 The " Koma-tsunagi-matsu " {Colt tethering Pine-tree) 18 The " Ryojin no Ido " {Traveller's Well) 18 Governmeut Edict-board and Regulations at the Omen (Great Gate) . 18 The Present Omon 19 »Of the Reasons why going to the Yosliiwara was called " Oho ve Yukn " ". 21 Classes of Brothels 21 Hikite-jaya (" Introducing Tea-houses"') 28 The Ju-hachi-ken-jaya (^Eighteen Tea-houses) 41 The " Amigasa-jaya
    [Show full text]
  • Sino-Japanese Interactions Through Rare Books
    Timelines and Maps Sino-Japanese Interactions Through Rare Books English Version © Keio University Timelines and Maps East Asian History at a Glance Books are part of the flow of history. But it is not only about Japanese history. Many books travel over the sea time to time for several reasons and a lot of knowledge and information comes and go with books. In this course, you’ll see books published in Japan as well as ones come from China and Korea. Let’s take a look at the history in East Asia. You do not have to remember the names of the historical period but please refer to this page for reference. Japanese History Overview This is a list of the main periods in Japanese history. This may be a useful reference as we proceed in the course. Period Name of Era Name of Era - mid-3rd c. CE Yayoi 弥生 mid-3rd c. CE - 7th c. CE Kofun (Tomb period) 古墳 592 - 710 Asuka 飛鳥 710-794 Nara 奈良 794 - 1185 Heian 平安 1185 - 1333 Kamakura 鎌倉 Nanboku-chō 1333 - 1392 (Southern and Northern Courts period) 南北朝 1392 - 1573 Muromachi 室町 1573 - 1603 Azuchi-Momoyama 安土桃山 1603 - 1868 Edo 江戸 1868 - 1912 Meiji 明治 Era names (Nengō) in Edo Period There were several era names (nengo, or gengo) in Edo period (1603 ~ 1868) and they are sometimes used in the description of the old books and materials, especially Week 2 and Week 4. Here is the list of the era names in Edo period for your convenience; 1 SINO-JAPANESE INTERACTIONS THROUGH RARE BOOKS KEIO UNIVERSITY © Keio University Timelines and Maps Start Era name English Start Era name English 1596 慶長 Keichō 1744 延享 Enkyō
    [Show full text]
  • Tourists in Paradise Writing the Pure Land in Medieval Japanese Fiction
    Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 33/2: 269–296 © 2006 Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture R. Keller Kimbrough Tourists in Paradise Writing the Pure Land in Medieval Japanese Fiction Late-medieval Japanese fiction contains numerous accounts of lay and monastic travelers to the Pure Land and other extra-human realms. In many cases, the “tourists” are granted guided tours, after which they are returned to the mun- dane world in order to tell of their unusual experiences. This article explores several of these stories from around the sixteenth century, including, most prominently, Fuji no hitoana sōshi, Tengu no dairi, and a section of Seiganji engi. I discuss the plots and conventions of these and other narratives, most of which appear to be based upon earlier oral tales employed in preaching and fund-raising, in order to illuminate their implications for our understanding of Pure Land-oriented Buddhism in late-medieval Japan. I also seek to demon- strate the diversity and subjectivity of Pure Land religious experience, and the sometimes startling gap between orthodox doctrinal and popular vernacular representations of Pure Land practices and beliefs. keywords: otogizōshi – jisha engi – shaji engi – Fuji no hitoana sōshi – Bishamon no honji – Tengu no dairi – Seiganji engi – hell – travel R. Keller Kimbrough is an assistant professor of Japanese Literature at the University of Colorado at Boulder. 269 ccording to an anonymous work of fifteenth- or early sixteenth- century Japanese fiction by the name of Chōhōji yomigaeri no sōshi 長宝 寺よみがへりの草紙 [Back from the dead at Chōhōji Temple], the Japa- Anese Buddhist nun Keishin dropped dead on the sixth day of the sixth month of Eikyō 11 (1439), made her way to the court of King Enma, ruler of the under- world, and there received the King’s personal religious instruction and a trau- matic tour of hell.
    [Show full text]
  • Treasures of Jodo Shinshu and the Hongwanji II —The Preservation of Beauty and Teachings—
    Special Exhibition Treasures of Jodo Shinshu and the Hongwanji II —The Preservation of Beauty and Teachings— March 4th to June 11th, 2017 at Ryukoku Museum List of Works Notes • The list numbers corespond to the exhibition labels. • Not all the works of this list will be exhibited at the same time because of the exhibition rotations. Chapter 1 Past Chief Priests of Hongwanji No. Title Artist or Author Materials Date Location and Owner [National Treasure] Inscription and Endorsed Muromachi period, 1 Colors on silk Hongwanji, Kyoto Portrait of Shinran (Anjō no Go'ei ) by Rennyo (1415-99) Bunmei 11 (1479) Momoyama period, 2 Portraits of Shinran (Hana no Go'ei ) Colors on silk Hongyō-ji, Shiga 16th-17th century Endorsed by Muromachi period, 3 Portraits of Shinran Colors on silk Konjōbō, Toyama Jitsunyo (1458-1525) Meiō 6 (1497) Endorsed by Muromachi period, 4 Portraits of Shinran Colors on silk Hōon-ji, Toyama Shōnyo (1516-54) 16th century Wood with Kamakura-Nambokuchō 5 Seated Image of Shinran pigments, Hongaku-ji, Fukui period, 14th century crystal Eyes Wood with toned Nambokuchō-Muromachi 6 Seated Image of Shinran repairs, Konkaikōmyō-ji, Kyoto period, 14th-15th century crystal Eyes Illustrated Biography of Shinran Nambokuchō period, 7 Colors on paper Kōraku-ji, Nagano (Hongwanji shōnin Shinran denne ) 14th century [Important Cultural Property] Inscription by Nambokuchō period, Jōsembō in Temma, 8 Illustrated Biography of Shinran Colors on paper Zonkaku (1290-1373) 14th century Osaka (Hongwanji shōnin Shinran denne ) by Tokuriki Zensetsu,
    [Show full text]
  • Honor and Violence: Perspectives on the Akō Incident
    Honor and Violence: Perspectives on the Akō Incident Megan McClory April 4, 2018 A senior thesis, submitted to the East Asian Studies Department of Brandeis University, in partial fulfillment of the Bachelor of Arts degree. Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………1 Law and Morality………………………………………………………………………………...4 Kenka Ryouseibai…………………………………………………………………………5 House Codes……………………………………………………………………………....8 Loyalty as Propaganda…………………………………...………………………………..9 Filial Piety………………………………………………………………………………13 Evolution into Legend……………………………………………………………………………15 Dissemination……………………………………………………………………………15 Audience…………………………………………………………………………………18 Akō as an Example………………………………………………………………………19 Modern Day……………………………………………………………………………...20 Sengaku-ji………………………………………………………………………………. 22 Chūshingura as a Genre………………………………………………………………… 25 Ukiyo-e………………………………………………………………………………...…25 Appeal and Extension to Non-Samurai………………………………..…………………………28 Gihei the Merchant………………………………………………………………………28 Injustice…..………………………………………………………………………………35 Amae …………………………………………………………………………………….38 Collective Honor…………………………………………………………………………41 Women in Chūshingura………………………………………………………………….44 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….47 List of Names and Characters Adapted from David Bell Chushingura and the Floating World: The Representation of Kanadehon Chushingura in Ukiyo-e Prints Enya Hangan A young provincial noble and Lord of the castle of Hoki under the shogun Ashikaga Takauji. Asano Takuminokami Naganori, Lord of Akō in the province of Harima.
    [Show full text]
  • Leca, Radu (2015) the Backward Glance : Concepts of ‘Outside’ and ‘Other’ in the Japanese Spatial Imaginary Between 1673 and 1704
    Leca, Radu (2015) The backward glance : concepts of ‘outside’ and ‘other’ in the Japanese spatial imaginary between 1673 and 1704. PhD Thesis. SOAS, University of London http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/23673 Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non‐commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this thesis, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", name of the School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination. The Backward Glance: Concepts of ‘Outside’ and ‘Other’ in the Japanese Spatial Imaginary between 1673 and 1704 Radu Leca Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD 2015 Department of the History of Art and Archaeology SOAS, University of London 1 Declaration I have read and understood regulation 17.9 of the Regulations for students of the SOAS, University of London concerning plagiarism. I undertake that all the material presented for examination is my own work and has not been written for me, in whole or in part, by any other person. I also undertake that any quotation or paraphrase from the published or unpublished work of another person has been duly acknowledged in the work which I present for examination.
    [Show full text]
  • 6489 a Paper Panel Painted in Ink and Colour on a Gold Ground with Scenes from Ise Monogatari (The
    6489 A paper panel painted in ink and colour on a gold ground with scenes from Ise Monogatari (the Tales of Ise) Japan Edo period 18th century Dimensions: H.17¾” x W.14½” (44.75 cm x 36.5 cm) This painting depicts two connected scenes from the 10th century literary classic, the Tales of Ise, the lower half illustrating Episode 23 and the upper half Episode 24. The ‘Tale of Ise' (Ise monogatari), 10th century is one of the most important texts of Japanese literature. It is a loose collection of medieval Japanese poems with brief prose introductions. This anonymous work is the oldest in the uta monogatari, or “poem tale,” genre. Although composed mostly of waka, a Japanese poetic form, the prose prefaces to these poems give the work a unique flavour, anticipating later developments in Japanese literature. Most of the poems deal with the amorous exploits of an unnamed lover, who is traditionally, identified as Ariwara no Narihira (825-80), one of the six “saints” of Japanese poetry. Ever since the 11th century, when the ‘Tales of Ise' came to be seen as a kind of cultural icon, generations of scholars and writers have been puzzling over the numerous problems the text poses. While some may read the episodes as semi-biographical account of the romantic pursuits of Ariwara no Nahira; others have hailed the text as expressions of ‘true Japanese spirit'. There are 209 poems comprising the 125 sections of the work, and each section is a clever and elegant meditation on love outside of marriage.
    [Show full text]
  • International Workshop
    Special event preceding EAJRS Conference, Leiden, September 16-19, 2015 INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP “IMAGES OF WOMEN IN THE AGE OF MECHANICAL REPRODUCTION: PRINT CULTURE IN EARLY MODERN AND MODERN JAPAN” Tuesday, September 15, 2015, Leiden University Abstracts and Speakers’ Biographical Notes (in the order of appearance) Masato Naitō (Keio University) Harbingers of Modernity: Objective Portrayal of Women in ukiyo-e Many beauties were depicted in ukiyo-e, mainly in prints or on commercial objects that needed to appeal to potential buyers. As ukiyo-e was driven by consumer demand it is necessary to be cautious when analyzing it as a historical document of the Edo period. This presentation aims at a comparative study of two different ways of representing women in ukiyo-e: one that is considered typical and one that is atypical and as such heralds the coming modernity. Masato NAITŌ is Professor of Art History at Keio University and Director at Keio University Art Center (Tokyo). Formerly, he served as head curator at the Idemitsu Museum of Art (Tokyo). His research intrests focus on Edo period art and inlcude ukiyo-e as well as painting of the Rimpa and the Kanō school. His major publications include Ukiyo-e to patoron (Ukiyo-e and Its Patrons, Keio Univrestity Press, 2014), Katuskawa Shunshō to Tenmeiki no ukiyo-e bijinga (Katsukawa Shunshō and Images of Beautiful Women of the Tenmei Era, Tokyo University Press, 2012) and Rimpa Art (co-authored, British Museum, 1998) etc. Prof. Naito received the Kajima Foundation for the Arts Award in 1994 and the International Ukiyo-e Society Award in 2015.
    [Show full text]
  • Shaping Darkness in Hyakki Yagyō Emaki
    Asian Studies III (XIX), 1 (2015), pp.9–27 Shaping Darkness in hyakki yagyō emaki Raluca NICOLAE* Abstract In Japanese culture, the yōkai, the numinous creatures inhabiting the other world and, sometimes, the boundary between our world and the other, are obvious manifestations of the feeling of fear, “translated” into text and image. Among the numerous emaki in which the yōkai appear, there is a specific type, called hyakki yagyō (the night parade of one hundred demons), where all sorts and sizes of monsters flock together to enjoy themselves at night, but, in the end, are scattered away by the first beams of light or by the mysterious darani no hi, the fire produced by a powerful magical invocation, used in the Buddhist sect Shingon. The nexus of this emakimono is their great number, hyakki, (one hundred demons being a generic term which encompasses a large variety of yōkai and oni) as well as the night––the very time when darkness becomes flesh and blood and starts marching on the streets. Keywords: yōkai, night, parade, painted scrolls, fear Izvleček Yōkai (prikazni, demoni) so v japonski kulturi nadnaravna bitja, ki naseljuje drug svet in včasih tudi mejo med našim in drugim svetom ter so očitno manifestacija občutka strahu “prevedena” v besedila in podobe. Med številnimi slikami na zvitkih (emaki), kjer se prikazni pojavljajo, obstaja poseben tip, ki se imenuje hyakki yagyō (nočna parade stotih demonov), kjer se zberejo pošasti različne vrste in velikosti, da bi uživali v noči, vendar jih na koncu preženejo prvi žarki svetlobe ali skrivnosten darani no hi, ogenj, ki se pojavi z močnim magičnim zaklinjanje in se uporablja pri budistični sekti Shingon.
    [Show full text]