Domestic Food Consumption and Expenditure 1981
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MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES AND FOOD Household Food Consumption and Expenditure: 1981 Annual Report of the National Food Survey Committee LONDON HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE r © Crown copyright 1983 First published 1983 ISBN 0 11 242628 X THE NATIONAL FOOD SURVEY COMMITTEE G AH ELTON, DSc, PhD, CChem, FRSC, FIBiol, FIFST Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Chairman A W ASHBY, MS Unilever PLC AH J BAINES, MA PROFESSOR J A C BROWN, MA University of Oxford C W CAPSTICK, CMG, MS, BSc Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food G I FORBES, FRACMA, FACOM, MFCM, LRCS&P, DTM&H, DPH, DMSA, DIH Scottish Home and Health Department F H GOODWIN1 Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food J A HEADY, MA, PhD Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine DOROTHY F HOLLINGSWORTH, OBE, BSc, CChem, FRSC, FIBiol, FIFST, SRD P J LUND, BA (Econ), PhD Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food PROFESSOR A J RAYNER, BA, MA (Econ), PhD Nottingham University R K SKINNER, MSc, MD, MRCPath Department of Health and Social Security R K THOMAS, BA2 Office of Population Censuses and Surveys F E WHITEHEAD, BSc3 Office of Population Censuses and Surveys Secretaries D H BUSS, PhD, FIFST Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food B J DERRY, BSc, FSS Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food 1 Up to November 1982 2 From January 1983 1 Up to January 1983 Preface The National Food Survey Committee exists to report the findings of the Survey and also to assist the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food by keeping the Survey under continuous review and recommending any changes that appear desirable. The Ministry, however, has overall responsibility for the Survey, for processing the results and arranging publication of the Committee's Reports. The Social Survey Division of the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys is responsible for the selection of the Survey sample and for supervis ing and contracting-out the fieldwork and coding of the Survey to a commer cial agency. The Committee wishes to renew its thanks to the Social Survey Division of the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, to the British Market Research Bureau Limited for carrying out the fieldwork and coding of the Survey, to the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, and in particular to the many housewives who have given freely of their time to provide the basic infor mation from which the Survey tabulations have been derived. Commentaries on the Survey's findings are published quarter by quarter in British Business. Unpublished data from the Survey may be obtained on pay ment of a fee. Enquiries should be addressed to the National Food Survey Branch of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Room 419, Whitehall Place (West), London, SW1A 2HH (telephone 01-233 5088). v Contents Paragraphs I INTRODUCTION 1-2 D NATIONAL FOOD SURVEY RESULTS, 1981 National averages, Great Britain . .. .. 3-19 Averages for social, economic and other groups . 20-32 Special analyses . .. .. .33-35 Nutritional value . .36-40 m TABLES Page Table 1 Changes in incomes, prices and expenditure, 1975-81 19 Average consumption, expenditure and prices relating to all house holds in the National Food Survey sample Table 2 Household food expenditure and total value of food obtained for consumption: 1981 compared with 1980 . 23 Table 3 Percentage changes in average expenditure, food prices and real value of food purchased: quarters of 1981 compared with corresponding quarters of 1980 . 24 Table 4 Indices of expenditure on food purchased for house - 25 hold consumption, 1975 1981 .... Table 5 Indices of prices of food purchased for household con sumption, 1975- 1981 26 Table 6 Indices of the real value of food purchased for house - 27 hold consumption, 1975 1981 .... Table 7 Consumption and purchases of individual foods; quarterly and annual national averages ... 28 Table 8 Expenditure on individual foods and percentage of households purchasing during Survey week; quarterly and annual national averages .... 32 Table 9 Prices of individual foods; quarterly and annual national averages ...... 37 Table 10 Percentage of households purchasing seasonal types of food during Survey week ..... 41 vii Ill TABLES— continued Page Regional and type of area averages of consumption, expenditure and relative food price levels Table 1 1 Expenditure on seasonal, convenience and other foods, together with comparative indices of food prices and the real value of food purchased. ... 45 Table 12 Consumption of individual foods; annual averages . 46 Income group averages of consumption, expenditure and relative food price levels Table 13 Expenditure on seasonal, convenience and other foods, together with comparative indices of food prices and the real value of food purchased .... 55 Table 14 Consumption of main food groups; annual averages . 56 Table 15 Expenditure on main food groups; annual averages . 59 Household composition group averages of consumption, expenditure and relative food price levels Table 16 Expenditure on seasonal, convenience and other foods, together with comparative indices of food prices and the real value of food purchased .... 65 Table 17 Consumption of main food groups; annual averages . 66 Table 18 Expenditure on main food groups; annual averages . 69 Table 19 Total food expenditure per head and per household of certain household composition groups within income groups; annual averages ..... 72 Table 20 Consumption of main foods by certain household composition groups within income groups; annual averages ........ 73 Age of housewife group averages of consumption, expenditure and relative food price levels Table 21 Expenditure on seasonal, convenience and other foods, together with comparative indices of food prices and the real value of food purchased . 81 Table 22 Consumption of main food groups; annual averages . 82 Table 23 Expenditure on main food groups; annual averages . 85 viii ID TABLES— continued Page Housing tenure group averages of consumption, expenditure and relative food price levels Table 24 Expenditure on seasonal, convenience and other foods, together with comparative indices of food prices and the real value of food purchased .... 91 Table 25 Consumption of main food groups; annual averages . 92 Table 26 Expenditure on main food groups; annual averages . 95 Freezer-owning and other households group averages of con sumption, expenditure and relative food price levels Table 27 Expenditure on seasonal, convenience and other foods, together with comparative indices of food prices and the real value of food purchased .... 101 Table 28 Consumption of main food groups; annual averages . 102 Table 29 Expenditure on main food groups; annual averages . 105 Special analyses MEALS EATEN OUTSIDE THE HOME Table 30 All meals 109 Table 31 Mid-day meals by children aged 5- 14 years . Ill SOFT DRINKS Table 32 Purchases, expenditure and prices . .. 113 Average nutritional value of household food Table 33 National quarterly and annual averages ... 117 Table 34 Contributions made by groups of foods to the nutritional value of household food; national averages . 1 19 Table 35 Regional and type of area averages .... 123 Table 36 Income group averages ..... 125 Table 37 Household composition averages .... 127 Table 38 Averages for household composition groups within income groups ....... 129 ix Ill TABLES— continued Page Table 39 Age of housewife group averages .... 138 Table 40 Housing tenure group averages .... 140 Table 41 Averages for freezer-owning and other households . 142 Table 42 Nutrients obtained for one penny from selected foods; national averages ... .. 144 Table 43 Indices of nutritional value for money of selected foods; national averages .... 145 IV APPENDICES APPENDIX A Structure of the Survey ....... 149 TABLES Table 1 Constituencies surveyed ..... 157 Table 2 Quarterly composition of the sample of responding households by type of area .. 158 Table 3 Composition of the sample of responding households . 159 Table 4 Average number of persons per household in the sample of responding households ..... 160 Table 5 Composition of the sample of responding households: analysis by income group and household composition . 161 Table 6 Recommended intakes of nutrients . .. 162 Table 7 Main survey classification of foods, 1981 .. 163 Table 7a Supplementary Survey classification of foods, 1981 . 169 Table 8 Estimates of the standard errors of the yearly national averages of expenditure, purchases and prices, 1981 . 171 Table 9 Estimates of the percentage standard errors of average per caput food consumption of households in different income groups ....... 175 Table 10 Estimates of the percentage standard errors of average per caput food expenditure of households in different income groups ....... 178 Table 1 1 Estimates of the percentage standard errors of average per caput food consumption in and expenditure of households with/without deep-freezers . 181 x IV APPENDICES— continued Page APPENDIX B Demand analyses and estimates of demand parameters .. 183 TABLES Table 1 Estimated income elasticity of household food expenditure .. ... .. 191 Table 2 Estimates of income elasticities of demand for individual foods .. 192 Table 3 Estimates of price elasticities of demand for certain foods, 1976-1981 196 Table 4 Annual indices of average deflated prices, purchases and demand, 1976- 1981 205 Table 5 Estimates of price and cross-price elasticities of demand for certain foods, 1974- 1981 .... 219 Table 6 Annual indices of average deflated prices, purchases and demand taking into account the