DOCSLIB.ORG

Morphology, Histology and Histochemistry of the Digestive System of South American Catfish (Rhamdia Quelen)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Morphology, Histology and Histochemistry of the Digestive System of South American Catfish (Rhamdia Quelen) Int. J. Morphol., 27(1):105-111, 2009. Morphology, Histology and Histochemistry of the Digestive System of South American Catfish (Rhamdia quelen) Morfología, Histología e Histoquímica del Tubo Digestivo del Bagre Sudamericano (Rhamdia quelen) *Hernández, D. R.; **Pérez Gianeselli, M. & ***Domitrovic, H. A. HERNÁNDEZ, D. R.; PÉREZ GIANESELLI, M. & DOMITROVIC, H. A. Morphology, histology and histochemistry of the digestive system of South American catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Int. J. Morphol., 27(1):105-111, 2009. SUMMARY: The purpose of the present work was the anatomical, histological and histochemical description of Rhamdia quelen juvenile digestive system. Samples of gut were fixed, dehydrated and included in paraffin and then stained with haematoxylin and eosin. For the identification and differentiation of mucosubstances the preparations were treated with Periodic Acid Schiff, Alcian Blue pH 0,4 and 2,5 and PAS/AB pH 2,5. Anatomical details of the oesophagus were like a short tube with primary and secondary mucous folds. The stratified epithelium is composed of three cellular types: small cells, abundant goblet cells with acid and neutral mucosubstances (MS) and large acid cells. The stomach is J-shaped and its mucosa presents broad and deep folds in relaxing state. Histologically, the stomach shows three different regions: cardiac, fundic and pyloric region. The luminal surface of the epithelium consists of a layer of secretory columnar cells of neutral MS. Tubuloacinar glands were surrounded by connective and muscular smooth fibers bundle. The intestine extends from the stomach until the anus, and four different sections can be distinguished: ascending, descending, convoluta and terminal straight. It was identified a simple columnar epithelium mainly composed by two cellular types: absorptive cell and goblet cell neutral MS secretory. On the basis of the anatomical and histological study carried out, we conclude that R. quelen presents an alimentary canal compatible with species that possess omnivorous nutritious habits. KEY WORDS: Rhamdia quelen; Histology; Digestive System. INTRODUCTION The anatomical and histological structure of the the histological study of these structures resides in the digestive system was described in several autochthonous application of the knowledge more about pathology of teleosts fish from South America for different authors fishes, as contribution to the development of the fish farming (Pignalberi et al., 1973; Domitrovic, 1992a-b; Seixa Filho and a rational use of the natural resources (Pereyra et al., et al., 2001; Flores Quintana & Portella, 2003a-b). Almost 1999). all emphasize the importance of the knowledge of these features, which reveal many particularities dependent on In this sense, Rhamdia quelen is a native species with the diversity of the nourishing rate and manners of life of good potential of cultivation in fish farming (Rossi & every species, especially. The fish, in general, needs the Luchini, 2005), considered omnivorous (Baldisserotto & same nutritious than other terrestrial animals for its growing, Radünz, 2004) with clear preference to fish, crustaceans, reproduction and other vital functions. The knowledge of insects, remains of vegetables and organic detritus. The aim the food preferences and the variations of the structure of of the present study was the description, through optic and the digestive system of species are useful for the nutritional scanning electron microscopy (SEM), of the morphology development researches, preparation of diets and the han- and histology of the digestive system of the South American dling of the feeding (Rotta, 2003). The interest to approach catfish (R. quelen). * Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, (UNNE), Corrientes (Argentina). Scholarship, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). E-mail: [email protected] ** Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, (UNNE), Corrientes (Argentina). *** Instituto de Ictiología del Nordeste, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, (UNNE), Corrientes (Argentina). Researcher, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). This study was funded by PICT 13.332 and by SGCyT (UNNE) PI 001/2007. 105 HERNÁNDEZ, D. R.; PÉREZ GIANESELLI, M. & DOMITROVIC, H. A. Morphology, histology and histochemistry of the digestive system of South American catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Int. J. Morphol., 27(1):105-111, 2009. MATERIAL AND METHOD Ten fingerlings of different sex and size of Rhamdia quelen, obtained from natural environments were submitted to fasting for two days for anatomical studies of the digestive system. The specimens were fixed in formaldehyde 5% after dissection along the ventral side of the abdomen. The characterizations were realized following descriptive aspects: disposition of every segment of the gastrointestinal tract inside the abdominal cavity, and orientation and anasto- mosis of the mucous folds in each segment. Samples of the different regions of the digestive system were fixed in Bouin solution for 18 hours, and then were dehydrated and included in paraffin. Sections (1-3 µm thickness) were stained with haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and histochemical techniques for the identification and differentiation of mucosubstances with periodic acid schiff (PAS), Alcian Blue (AB) pH 0,4 and 2,5 and PAS/AB pH 2,5. The segments for SEM were dehydrated by critical point and sputtered with gold – palladium. The samples were mounted and observed in a JEOL5800LV SEM, belonging to the Electronic Microscopy Service of the Secretary of Science and Technology (UNNE). Fig. 1. Digestive system of Rhamdia quelen. Specimen dissected ventrally to show the nature and disposition of the alimentary tract RESULTS (1). Different regions of the alimentary tract longitudinally sectioned to show nature of the mucosal folds (A to F). Oesophagus (ES); stomach (ET); ascending intestine (IA); descending intestine (ID); convolute intestine (IC); straight terminal portion (R). Anatomy. The oesophagus is a short and muscular tube that communicates the pharyngeal cavity with the stomach. In the oesophageal mucosa were observed primary, curvature, where it is continued with a series of secondary mucosal folds and some like thirds folds with circumvolutions, and after a short distance it comes back longitudinal dispositions. These appears since the to an antero-posterior straight direction that ends in the anus. pharyngeal region being more abundant in the posterior Hereby, the intestine can be divided in four portions: portion, which allow a good distention for the step of the ascending, descending, convoluta and straight terminus. The food (Fig. 1, A). first one goes from the pylorus up to the first curvature, the second one from this one up to the second curvature, the The J-shaped stomach localized behind of the liver, third one belongs to the circumvolutions, and the fourth is a muscular sack placed between the oesophagus and the one from these until to the anus. intestine, and has broad and deep folds in rest state (Fig. 1, D). Micro-anatomical features of the luminal surface of the In the ascending segment were observed numerous organ were evidenced by SEM observations, showing mucous longitudinal folds in a zig-zag pattern, with different gastric areas delimited by pits in which there the gastric heights (primary and secondary) (Fig. 1, B). In the glands end (Figs. 2 and 3). descending portion, folds were branched out, also of different height (Fig. 1, C), whereas in the convoluta portion The intestine is the longest part of the digestive tube. they were abundant, thin and zig-zag oriented (Fig. 1, F), It spreads from the pyloric region of the stomach until to adopting a longitudinal disposition in the last portion where the anus and present an approximately uniform diameter in they became thicker and less numerous (Fig. 1, E). all its length, with a gradual decrease towards the terminal portion. Initially its orientation is in postero-anterior Histology. Histologically, the digestive system of R. quelen direction up to first curvature where acquires an antero- was similar to other vertebrates, constituted by four layers: posterior direction. The last portion spreads up to the second mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa. 106 HERNÁNDEZ, D. R.; PÉREZ GIANESELLI, M. & DOMITROVIC, H. A. Morphology, histology and histochemistry of the digestive system of South American catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Int. J. Morphol., 27(1):105-111, 2009. The histochemical staining properties of MS present in the epithelium of the digestive tract are summarized in Table I. Fig. 4. Rhamdia quelen; SEM micrograph showing a taste bud in the epithelial surface of the proximal oesophagus. x1600. The mucosa of the oesophagus is covered by a Fig. 2. SEM photography of stomach showing the mucosal surface. stratified epithelium which became columnar simple towards x22. the stomach. Basically, it is constituted by three cellular types: small cells, abundant goblet cells and large acidophil cells. The small cells were found at different levels of the epithelium, when they come closer the surfaces acquire squamous aspect and rounded nucleus. The goblet cells of the third proximal contained a neutral and acid MS mix. A sequence of procedures using Alcian Blue (AB) at different pH showed the presence of sulphated MS (pH 0,4) and MS with
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Anatomy of the Rectum and Anal Canal
    BASIC SCIENCE identify the rectosigmoid junction with confidence at operation. The anatomy of the rectum The rectosigmoid junction usually lies approximately 6 cm below the level of the sacral promontory. Approached from the distal and anal canal end, however, as when performing a rigid or flexible sigmoid- oscopy, the rectosigmoid junction is seen to be 14e18 cm from Vishy Mahadevan the anal verge, and 18 cm is usually taken as the measurement for audit purposes. The rectum in the adult measures 10e14 cm in length. Abstract Diseases of the rectum and anal canal, both benign and malignant, Relationship of the peritoneum to the rectum account for a very large part of colorectal surgical practice in the UK. Unlike the transverse colon and sigmoid colon, the rectum lacks This article emphasizes the surgically-relevant aspects of the anatomy a mesentery (Figure 1). The posterior aspect of the rectum is thus of the rectum and anal canal. entirely free of a peritoneal covering. In this respect the rectum resembles the ascending and descending segments of the colon, Keywords Anal cushions; inferior hypogastric plexus; internal and and all of these segments may be therefore be spoken of as external anal sphincters; lymphatic drainage of rectum and anal canal; retroperitoneal. The precise relationship of the peritoneum to the mesorectum; perineum; rectal blood supply rectum is as follows: the upper third of the rectum is covered by peritoneum on its anterior and lateral surfaces; the middle third of the rectum is covered by peritoneum only on its anterior 1 The rectum is the direct continuation of the sigmoid colon and surface while the lower third of the rectum is below the level of commences in front of the body of the third sacral vertebra.
    [Show full text]
  • The Oesophagus Lined with Gastric Mucous Membrane by P
    Thorax: first published as 10.1136/thx.8.2.87 on 1 June 1953. Downloaded from Thorax (1953), 8, 87. THE OESOPHAGUS LINED WITH GASTRIC MUCOUS MEMBRANE BY P. R. ALLISON AND A. S. JOHNSTONE Leeds (RECEIVED FOR PUBLICATION FEBRUARY 26, 1953) Peptic oesophagitis and peptic ulceration of the likely to find its way into the museum. The result squamous epithelium of the oesophagus are second- has been that pathologists have been describing ary to regurgitation of digestive juices, are most one thing and clinicians another, and they have commonly found in those patients where the com- had the same name. The clarification of this point petence ofthecardia has been lost through herniation has been so important, and the description of a of the stomach into the mediastinum, and have gastric ulcer in the oesophagus so confusing, that been aptly named by Barrett (1950) " reflux oeso- it would seem to be justifiable to refer to the latter phagitis." In the past there has been some dis- as Barrett's ulcer. The use of the eponym does not cussion about gastric heterotopia as a cause of imply agreement with Barrett's description of an peptic ulcer of the oesophagus, but this point was oesophagus lined with gastric mucous membrane as very largely settled when the term reflux oesophagitis " stomach." Such a usage merely replaces one was coined. It describes accurately in two words confusion by another. All would agree that the the pathology and aetiology of a condition which muscular tube extending from the pharynx down- is a common cause of digestive disorder.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Anatomy of the Lower Respiratory Tract of the Gray Short-Tailed Opossum (Monodelphis Domestica) and North American Opossum (Didelphis Virginiana)
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 12-2001 Comparative Anatomy of the Lower Respiratory Tract of the Gray Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis domestica) and North American Opossum (Didelphis virginiana) Lee Anne Cope University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Animal Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Cope, Lee Anne, "Comparative Anatomy of the Lower Respiratory Tract of the Gray Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis domestica) and North American Opossum (Didelphis virginiana). " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2001. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/2046 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Lee Anne Cope entitled "Comparative Anatomy of the Lower Respiratory Tract of the Gray Short-tailed Opossum (Monodelphis domestica) and North American Opossum (Didelphis virginiana)." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Animal Science. Robert W. Henry, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Dr. R.B. Reed, Dr. C. Mendis-Handagama, Dr. J. Schumacher, Dr. S.E. Orosz Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R.
    [Show full text]
  • 48 Anal Canal
    Anal Canal The rectum is a relatively straight continuation of the colon about 12 cm in length. Three internal transverse rectal valves (of Houston) occur in the distal rectum. Infoldings of the submucosa and the inner circular layer of the muscularis externa form these permanent sickle- shaped structures. The valves function in the separation of flatus from the developing fecal mass. The mucosa of the first part of the rectum is similar to that of the colon except that the intestinal glands are slightly longer and the lining epithelium is composed primarily of goblet cells. The distal 2 to 3 cm of the rectum forms the anal canal, which ends at the anus. Immediately proximal to the pectinate line, the intestinal glands become shorter and then disappear. At the pectinate line, the simple columnar intestinal epithelium makes an abrupt transition to noncornified stratified squamous epithelium. After a short transition, the noncornified stratified squamous epithelium becomes continuous with the keratinized stratified squamous epithelium of the skin at the level of the external anal sphincter. Beneath the epithelium of this region are simple tubular apocrine sweat glands, the circumanal glands. Proximal to the pectinate line, the mucosa of the anal canal forms large longitudinal folds called rectal columns (of Morgagni). The distal ends of the rectal columns are united by transverse mucosal folds, the anal valves. The recess above each valve forms a small anal sinus. It is at the level of the anal valves that the muscularis mucosae becomes discontinuous and then disappears. The submucosa of the anal canal contains numerous veins that form a large hemorrhoidal plexus.
    [Show full text]
  • Smoothelin Expression in the Gastrointestinal Tract: Implication in Colonic Inertia Owen T.M
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Smoothelin Expression in the Gastrointestinal Tract: Implication in Colonic Inertia Owen T.M. Chan, MD, PhD,* Lauren Chiles, MD,* Mary Levy, DO,* Jing Zhai, MD, PhD,* Lisa M. Yerian, MD,w Haodong Xu, MD, PhD,z Shu-Yuan Xiao, MD,y Edy E. Soffer, MD,8 Jeffrey L. Conklin, MD,8 Deepti Dhall, MD,* Melissa E. Kahn, MD,* Bonnie L. Balzer, MD,* Mahul B. Amin, MD,* and Hanlin L. Wang, MD, PhD*z Key Words: smoothelin, colonic inertia, intestinal motility Abstract: Colonic inertia is a frustrating motility disorder to disorder, chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction, slow transit patients, clinicians, and pathologists. The pathogenesis is largely constipation unknown. The aims of this study were to: (1) characterize the expression of smoothelin, a novel smooth muscle-specific con- (Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2013;21:452–459) tractile protein expressed only by terminally differentiated smooth muscle cells, in the normal gastrointestinal (GI) tract; and (2) determine whether smoothelin is aberrantly expressed in hronic constipation is a frequent complaint, being patients with colonic inertia. A total of 57 resections of the Creported in up to 16% of women and 12% of men.1 normal GI tract (distal esophagus to left colon) were obtained Clinically, constipation and colonic motility disorders are from patients without GI motor dysfunction. Sixty-one colon defined by not only infrequent bowel movements, but also resections were obtained from patients with a clinical diagnosis other manifestations such as excessive straining, hard of colonic inertia. Smoothelin immunostaining was conducted stools, incomplete evacuation, sensation of obstruction, on full-thickness tissue sections. In the nondysmotile controls, and manual maneuvers to facilitate defecation.2,3 General strong and diffuse cytoplasmic staining for smoothelin was ob- management of constipation includes conservative thera- served in both the inner circular and outer longitudinal layers of pies, such as behavioral modification, bulking agents, os- the muscularis propria (MP) throughout the entire GI tract.
    [Show full text]
  • Head and Neck
    DEFINITION OF ANATOMIC SITES WITHIN THE HEAD AND NECK adapted from the Summary Staging Guide 1977 published by the SEER Program, and the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual Fifth Edition published by the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging. Note: Not all sites in the lip, oral cavity, pharynx and salivary glands are listed below. All sites to which a Summary Stage scheme applies are listed at the begining of the scheme. ORAL CAVITY AND ORAL PHARYNX (in ICD-O-3 sequence) The oral cavity extends from the skin-vermilion junction of the lips to the junction of the hard and soft palate above and to the line of circumvallate papillae below. The oral pharynx (oropharynx) is that portion of the continuity of the pharynx extending from the plane of the inferior surface of the soft palate to the plane of the superior surface of the hyoid bone (or floor of the vallecula) and includes the base of tongue, inferior surface of the soft palate and the uvula, the anterior and posterior tonsillar pillars, the glossotonsillar sulci, the pharyngeal tonsils, and the lateral and posterior walls. The oral cavity and oral pharynx are divided into the following specific areas: LIPS (C00._; vermilion surface, mucosal lip, labial mucosa) upper and lower, form the upper and lower anterior wall of the oral cavity. They consist of an exposed surface of modified epider- mis beginning at the junction of the vermilion border with the skin and including only the vermilion surface or that portion of the lip that comes into contact with the opposing lip.
    [Show full text]
  • Normal Gross and Histologic Features of the Gastrointestinal Tract
    NORMAL GROSS AND HISTOLOGIC 1 FEATURES OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT THE NORMAL ESOPHAGUS left gastric, left phrenic, and left hepatic accessory arteries. Veins in the proximal and mid esopha- Anatomy gus drain into the systemic circulation, whereas Gross Anatomy. The adult esophagus is a the short gastric and left gastric veins of the muscular tube measuring approximately 25 cm portal system drain the distal esophagus. Linear and extending from the lower border of the cri- arrays of large caliber veins are unique to the distal coid cartilage to the gastroesophageal junction. esophagus and can be a helpful clue to the site of It lies posterior to the trachea and left atrium a biopsy when extensive cardiac-type mucosa is in the mediastinum but deviates slightly to the present near the gastroesophageal junction (4). left before descending to the diaphragm, where Lymphatic vessels are present in all layers of the it traverses the hiatus and enters the abdomen. esophagus. They drain to paratracheal and deep The subdiaphragmatic esophagus lies against cervical lymph nodes in the cervical esophagus, the posterior surface of the left hepatic lobe (1). bronchial and posterior mediastinal lymph nodes The International Classification of Diseases in the thoracic esophagus, and left gastric lymph and the American Joint Commission on Cancer nodes in the abdominal esophagus. divide the esophagus into upper, middle, and lower thirds, whereas endoscopists measure distance to points in the esophagus relative to the incisors (2). The esophagus begins 15 cm from the incisors and extends 40 cm from the incisors in the average adult (3). The upper and lower esophageal sphincters represent areas of increased resting tone but lack anatomic landmarks; they are located 15 to 18 cm from the incisors and slightly proximal to the gastroesophageal junction, respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Nomina Histologica Veterinaria, First Edition
    NOMINA HISTOLOGICA VETERINARIA Submitted by the International Committee on Veterinary Histological Nomenclature (ICVHN) to the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists Published on the website of the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists www.wava-amav.org 2017 CONTENTS Introduction i Principles of term construction in N.H.V. iii Cytologia – Cytology 1 Textus epithelialis – Epithelial tissue 10 Textus connectivus – Connective tissue 13 Sanguis et Lympha – Blood and Lymph 17 Textus muscularis – Muscle tissue 19 Textus nervosus – Nerve tissue 20 Splanchnologia – Viscera 23 Systema digestorium – Digestive system 24 Systema respiratorium – Respiratory system 32 Systema urinarium – Urinary system 35 Organa genitalia masculina – Male genital system 38 Organa genitalia feminina – Female genital system 42 Systema endocrinum – Endocrine system 45 Systema cardiovasculare et lymphaticum [Angiologia] – Cardiovascular and lymphatic system 47 Systema nervosum – Nervous system 52 Receptores sensorii et Organa sensuum – Sensory receptors and Sense organs 58 Integumentum – Integument 64 INTRODUCTION The preparations leading to the publication of the present first edition of the Nomina Histologica Veterinaria has a long history spanning more than 50 years. Under the auspices of the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists (W.A.V.A.), the International Committee on Veterinary Anatomical Nomenclature (I.C.V.A.N.) appointed in Giessen, 1965, a Subcommittee on Histology and Embryology which started a working relation with the Subcommittee on Histology of the former International Anatomical Nomenclature Committee. In Mexico City, 1971, this Subcommittee presented a document entitled Nomina Histologica Veterinaria: A Working Draft as a basis for the continued work of the newly-appointed Subcommittee on Histological Nomenclature. This resulted in the editing of the Nomina Histologica Veterinaria: A Working Draft II (Toulouse, 1974), followed by preparations for publication of a Nomina Histologica Veterinaria.
    [Show full text]
  • Histopathology of Barrett's Esophagus and Early-Stage
    Review Histopathology of Barrett’s Esophagus and Early-Stage Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: An Updated Review Feng Yin, David Hernandez Gonzalo, Jinping Lai and Xiuli Liu * Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; fengyin@ufl.edu (F.Y.); hernand3@ufl.edu (D.H.G.); jinpinglai@ufl.edu (J.L.) * Correspondence: xiuliliu@ufl.edu; Tel.: +1-352-627-9257; Fax: +1-352-627-9142 Received: 24 October 2018; Accepted: 22 November 2018; Published: 27 November 2018 Abstract: Esophageal adenocarcinoma carries a very poor prognosis. For this reason, it is critical to have cost-effective surveillance and prevention strategies and early and accurate diagnosis, as well as evidence-based treatment guidelines. Barrett’s esophagus is the most important precursor lesion for esophageal adenocarcinoma, which follows a defined metaplasia–dysplasia–carcinoma sequence. Accurate recognition of dysplasia in Barrett’s esophagus is crucial due to its pivotal prognostic value. For early-stage esophageal adenocarcinoma, depth of submucosal invasion is a key prognostic factor. Our systematic review of all published data demonstrates a “rule of doubling” for the frequency of lymph node metastases: tumor invasion into each progressively deeper third of submucosal layer corresponds with a twofold increase in the risk of nodal metastases (9.9% in the superficial third of submucosa (sm1) group, 22.0% in the middle third of submucosa (sm2) group, and 40.7% in deep third of submucosa (sm3) group). Other important risk factors include lymphovascular invasion, tumor differentiation, and the recently reported tumor budding. In this review, we provide a concise update on the histopathological features, ancillary studies, molecular signatures, and surveillance/management guidelines along the natural history from Barrett’s esophagus to early stage invasive adenocarcinoma for practicing pathologists.
    [Show full text]
  • Gastric and Duodenal Mucosa in 'Healthy' Individuals an Endoscopic and Histopathological Study of 50 Volunteers
    J Clin Pathol: first published as 10.1136/jcp.31.1.69 on 1 January 1978. Downloaded from Journal of Clinical Pathology, 1978, 31, 69-77 Gastric and duodenal mucosa in 'healthy' individuals An endoscopic and histopathological study of 50 volunteers J. KREUNING1, F. T. BOSMAN2, G. KUIPER', A. M. v.d. WAL2, AND J. LINDEMAN2 From the Department of Gastroenterology' and the Department ofPathology2, University Medical Centre, Wassenaarseweg 62, Leiden, The Netherlands SUMMARY The results of histological and immunohistochemical examination of gastric and duo- denal biopsy specimens from 50 volunteers without a clinical history of gastrointestinal disease are reported. Multiple specimens of tissue from standard sites in the stomach and duodenum were carefully orientated, and serially sectioned for examination by light microscopy and for immuno- histochemical characterisation of plasma cells within the lamina propria. The antrum and fundus were normal in 32 of the 50 subjects but the other 18 showed histo- pathological evidence of gastritis in either the antrum or fundus. The latter appeared to be age- related. There was considerable variation in the appearance of the surface epithelium of the duodenum within as well as among individual subjects. Superficial gastric metaplasia in one or more biopsy copyright. specimens from the duodenal bulb was found in 64% of individuals. Histopathological examina- tion of the duodenum revealed signs of chronic inflammation in 12 % ofthe subjects. In two individ- uals there was active inflammation but in only one of these was the diagnosis made on endoscopic appearances. Histological criteria important for the diagnosis of duodenitis are discussed. The number of plasma cells in different biopsy specimens from subjects not showing histological signs of inflammation was variable.
    [Show full text]
  • Layers of the Wall of the Digestive Tract
    Layers of the wall of the digestive tract The layers of the digestive tract are 1-the mucosa, 2-submucosa, 3-muscularis externa, 4-serosa/adventitia. These layers are described from the lumen outward, and they form the general plan of the digestive tract . Regions of the digestive tract Esophagus The esophagus is a short, muscular tube whose lumen is usually collapsed unless a bolus of food is traversing its length for delivery from the pharynx into the stomach. 1- mucosa: A: stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium B: lamina propria: loose type of connective tissue C: muscularis mucosae composed only of longitudinally oriented smooth muscle fibers. 2- submucosa: dense irregular collagenous connective tissue interspersed with elastic fibers + glands (the mucus-producing esophageal glands proper). 3- muscularis externa: thinner circular and outer longitudinal layers. Those in the proximal (upper) one-third are skeletal; those in the middle one-third are skeletal and smooth, whereas those in the distal (lower) one- third are smooth muscle. 4- adventitia: loose c.t , nerve and blood vessels. 1 2 3 4 Stomach(fundic region) 1- mucosa A: epithelium simple columnar whose surface lining cells produce a mucous substance that coats and protects the stomach lining from the low pH environment and from autodigestion. B- lamina propria: c.t. + gastric glands (parietal cells, chief cells, mucous neck cells, surface lining cells) C- muscularis mucosa consist of two layers 2-sub mucosa: wide layer of c.t 3-muscularis externa consist of three layers. 4-serosa consist of mesothelium Pyloric region The mucosa of the pyloric antrum possesses deep gastric pits and gastric glands.
    [Show full text]
  • A HISTOLOGICAL STUDY of HUMAN FOETAL GALLBLADDER Kalpana Thounaojam*1, Ashihe Kaini Pfoze 1, N
    International Journal of Anatomy and Research, Int J Anat Res 2017, Vol 5(4.3):4648-53. ISSN 2321-4287 Original Research Article DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.427 A HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF HUMAN FOETAL GALLBLADDER Kalpana Thounaojam*1, Ashihe Kaini Pfoze 1, N. Saratchandra Singh 2, Y. Ibochouba Singh 2. *1Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences (JNIMS), Imphal, Manipur, India 2 Professor, Department of Anatomy, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal, Manipur, India ABSTRACT Background: The wall of human gallbladder is composed of three layers: mucous membrane(mucosa), fibromuscular layer, adventitia (and serosa). Heterotopic tissues in the gallbladder include liver parenchymal nodules suspended in gallbladder by a mesentery, gastric mucosa and pancreatic tissue. There are not many literature on the histological development of human foetal gallbladder. The study was aimed at conducting an utmost effort on analyzing the histological layers of human foetal gallbladder at different gestational ages. Materials and Methods: 100 fresh fetuses, of different age groups varying from 15 weeks to 40 weeks which are products of terminated pregnancy under Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act of India,1971 and stillbirths are obtained from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences,Imphal. The histology of foetal gallbladder are analysed in the present study by staining the sections prepared with haematoxylin and eosin, Van Gieson’s, Masson’s Trichrome and Verhoeff’s haematoxylin elastic tissue stains. Result: In the present study, three histological layers of gallbladder viz., mucosa, fibromuscular layer and adventitia(and serosa) can be clearly demarcated from 18-week old foetuses onwards.
    [Show full text]